外貿(mào)函電--Insurance管理精品資料

1、Unit Twelve Insurance 編輯pptWhat is the purpose of insurance? house against fire.You can insure your car against accident/theft. nose against harm. life insurance. health insurance.You can effect a endowment insurance.養(yǎng)老保險 accident insurance. burglary and robbery insurance.編輯ppt風險： risks, perils tota

2、l loss損失：losses particular average partial loss (單獨海損） general average （共同海損）險別：risks, perils, coverages 保險公司按照不同險別包括的風險所造成的損失和發(fā)生的費用承擔賠償責任，所以在保險業(yè)務(wù)中風險、損失和險別三者有著緊密的聯(lián)系，為此，我們對保險公司所能承保的風險與損失的種類和內(nèi)容必須有準確的理解。編輯pptRisks in Cargo Transportation Risks in cargo transportation are of many kinds. Different risks

3、mean different losses And different risks are covered by different insurance clauses and different insurance clauses mean different premiums保險費 . So we need to have a good understanding of the different risks and losses before we know how to effect insurance. In marine cargo transportation insurance

4、, risks fall into perils of the sea海難 and extraneous risks外來風險.編輯pptPerils and Losses in Ocean TransportationPerils and risks風險1.Perils of the Sea海難/海上風險Natural calamities海上發(fā)生的自然災(zāi)害Fortuitous accidents意外事故2.Extraneous risks外來風險General extraneous risksSpecial extraneous risks編輯ppt Part 1. Perils and L

5、osses in Ocean Transportation Perils and risks kinds of perils 風險種類 In marine insurance, perils are generally of two kinds. 1. Perils of the sea 海上風險（又稱海難） （1）Natural calamities 海上發(fā)生的自然災(zāi)害 Natural calamities cover vile weather(惡劣氣候)，thunder and lightening(雷電)，tsunami(海嘯， tidal waves), earthquake, flo

6、ods and other irresistible disasters.（不可抗拒的災(zāi)害）編輯ppt Part 1. Perils and Losses in Ocean Transportation （2） Fortuitous accidents 意外事故 Fortuitous accidents mainly include ship stranded (擱淺), striking a rock, ship sinking(沉沒), ship collision(互撞), colliding with icebergs or other objects, fire, explosion

7、 and ship missing and other accidents with sea characteristics. 編輯pptPart 1. Perils and Losses in Ocean Transportation 2. Extraneous risks 外來風險 Extraneous risks refer to risks outside perils of the sea. （1）General extraneous risks 一般外來風險 General extraneous risks include theft, breakage, leakage, con

8、tamination, sweat and heating(受潮受熱), taint of odor(串味), hook damage(鉤損), shortage(短量) and rust(銹損) 編輯pptPart 1. Perils and Losses in Ocean Transportation（2）Special extraneous risks 特殊外來風險 Special extraneous risks refer to risks resulting from military affairs, political and administrative rules such

9、 as war, strikes, failure to deliver(交貨不到), rejection(拒絕收貨)編輯ppt Part 1. Perils and Losses in Ocean Transportation Ocean average 海損 When used for insurance, the word average has not the usual meaning. Average means loss sustained in sea transportation. According to the extent of the loss, it is divi

10、ded into total loss and partial loss.（1） Total loss 全損 Total loss means all the goods insured suffered loss. 編輯pptPart 1. Perils and Losses in Ocean Transportation（2） Partial loss 部分損失 A partial loss is any loss other than a total loss. A partial loss may include a particular average loss(單獨海損), a g

11、eneral average loss(共同海損) and particular charges(特殊收費). Thus there are two distinct types of partial loss. （）Particular average loss It is the accidental意外的 damage to part of the cargo. The average (damage) is not caused by deliberate act of a person for the common benefit and that loss must be born

12、e exclusively by the owner of the property suffering the loss and is termed a particular average. 單獨海損是指被保險貨物遭受海損后，其損失未達到全損程度，而且是無共同海損性質(zhì)的部分損失，應(yīng)由受損方單獨承擔。編輯pptPart 1. Perils and Losses in Ocean Transportation （）General average loss 共同海損 A loss may be accidental意外的 or intentional人為的. A general average

13、loss is caused intentionally, and such a loss is beneficial to others, then those who have benefited should share that loss. Thus a general average loss is a loss resulting from a voluntary sacrifice or expenditure in time of peril, for the safety of hull, cargo and freight.（共同海損是指在發(fā)生危險時，為了船舶、貨物和運輸?shù)?/p>

14、安全作出自愿犧牲或為此付出費用所引起的損失。） 共同海損是指載貨船舶在海運途中遇到危及船貨的共同危險，船方為了維護船舶和所有貨物的共同安全或使航程繼續(xù)完成，有意識地并合理地作出某些特殊犧牲或支付一定的特殊費用，這些特殊犧牲和費用叫做共同海損。編輯pptPart 2. Ocean Marine Cargo Clauses of China Insurance Clauses (CIC) 海洋運輸貨物保險條款（中國保險條款） Ocean Marine Cargo Clauses of the Peoples Insurance Company of China was constituted in

15、 1972 and revised in 1976 and 1981. There are mainly two types of insurance coverage: basic coverage (基本險) and additional coverage(附加險)。 Basic coverage mainly includes FPA(平安險),WPA(水漬險) and All Risks. Additional coverage includes general additional coverage and special additional coverage.編輯pptPart

16、2. Ocean Marine Cargo Clauses of China Insurance Clauses (CIC)Basic marine insurance coverage 1. FPA( free from particular average)平安險 FPA is a limited form of cargo insurance cover under which partial loss or damage resulted from natural calamities is not recoverable, unless these natural calamitie

17、s occur before or after fortuitous accidents.意外事故 It provides coverage for total losses and general average.共同海損編輯pptPart 2. Ocean Marine Cargo Clauses of China Insurance Clauses (CIC) 2. WPA or WA水漬險 (with particular average, with average) WPA is a wider cover than FPA. It provides extensive cover

18、against all loss or damage due to marine perils throughout the duration of the policy, including partial loss or damage which may be attributed to natural calamities like heavy weather. 編輯pptPart 2. Ocean Marine Cargo Clauses of China Insurance Clauses (CIC) 3. All Risks All Risks is the most compre

19、hensive of the three basic coverages under which the insurer承保人 is responsible for all total or partial loss of , or damage to the goods insured either arising from sea perils or general external causes. However, it does not cover loss, damage or expense caused by delay, inherent vice缺陷 or nature of

20、 the goods, or special external risks of war, strike, etc.編輯pptPart 2. Ocean Marine Cargo Clauses of China Insurance Clauses (CIC)Additional risks 1. General additional risks 一般附加險 General additional risks cannot be covered independently and should go with FPA or WPA. They are included in All Risks

21、coverage. The following general extraneous risks are to be covered subject to additional premium.編輯pptPart 2. Ocean Marine Cargo Clauses of China Insurance Clauses (CIC)(1) T.P.N.D( Theft, Pilferage & Non-delivery)偷竊提貨不著險(2) Fresh and/or Rain Water Damage Risk(3) Shortage Risk短量險(4) Intermixture 混雜&

22、 Contamination污損 Risks(5) Leakage Risk滲漏險(6) Clash &Breakage Risks碰損破碎險(7) Taint 感染of Odor Risk串味險(8) Sweating & Heating Damage受潮受熱險(9) Hook Damage Risk鉤損險(10) Rust Risk銹損險(11) Breakage of Packing Risk包裝破裂險編輯pptPart 2. Ocean Marine Cargo Clauses of China Insurance Clauses (CIC) 2. Special additional

23、 risks Special additional risks cover the damage or losses arising from special additional reasons such as political events, military affairs, national policies and acts, and administrative measures. The special additional risks include:編輯pptPart 2. Ocean Marine Cargo Clauses of China Insurance Clau

24、ses (CIC)(1) War Risk(2) S.R.C.C (Strikes, Riots暴力, Civil Commotions民變)(3) On Deck Risk倉面險(4) Import Duty Risk進口關(guān)稅險(5) Rejection Risk拒受險(6) Aflatoxin risk黃曲霉險Failure to Delivery Risk交貨不著險（8）Fire risk extension clause (FREC)火險責任擴展條款for storage of cargo at destination Hongkong, including Kowloon九龍, or

25、 Macao.編輯pptPart 2. Ocean Marine Cargo Clauses of China Insurance Clauses (CIC) These additional coverages are usually taken out together with FPA, WPA and All Risks. 編輯pptW/W clause-warehouse to warehouse clause倉至倉條款Just as the usual practice in international insurance market,with regard to the dur

26、ation of liability of the insurer 保險公司的責任起訖期限in ocean marine cargo insurance海洋運輸貨物保險條款, CIC 中國保險條款adopts warehouse to warehouse clause(W/W clause), which means insurance coverage of risks to a shipment of goods對運輸貨物風險的承保生效 from the time the goods leave the warehouse for commencement of transit即保險責任自

27、被保險貨物遠離起運地倉庫 and continue during ordinary course of transit until delivered to final warehouse at destination自至該貨到達保險單所載明的收貨人的最后倉庫, or until the expiration of 60 days as of the moment of the insured goods are unloaded或被保險貨物卸載后滿60天為止( if the shipment fails to reach the aforesaid warehouse), but with

28、exception that the goods be transported to other place of destination not indicated on the insurance documents.（如未運抵上述倉庫或儲存處所）則以被保險貨物運抵最后缷載的車站滿60天為止。編輯pptGive the meaning of warehouse to warehouseThe term marine insurance is somewhat misleading. We may think that marine insurance covers risks to a s

29、hipment of goods only associated with sea voyage.By agreement of the parties or custom of the trade, the contract of marine insurance can be extended so as to protect the insured against losses on inland waters or land which are incidental附帶的 to the sea voyage. In the export trade, it is usual to編輯p

30、ptArrange an extented marine insurance under the “warehouse to warehouse” clause in order to cover the transportation of goods from the warehouse of the seller to the port of dispatch, and from the port of arrival to the warehouse of the overseas buyer.What is the usual practice in international ins

31、urance market, with regard to the duration of liability of the insurer 保險公司的責任起訖期限in ocean marine cargo insurance海洋運輸貨物保險條款？編輯pptThe insurer is liable to cover the transportation of goods from the warehouse of the seller to the warehouse of the overseas buyer under the W/W clause.編輯pptThe PICC has i

32、ts own insurance clauses. China Insurance Clauses (CIC) which are different from the Institute Cargo Clauses (ICC) 倫敦保險業(yè)協(xié)會貨物條款編輯pptPart 3. Institute Cargo Clauses (ICC)協(xié)會貨物條款（倫敦保險業(yè)協(xié)會海洋貨物保險條款） The ICC was initially published in 1912 and has been amended many times. The last version was completed on J

33、an.1, 1982 and came into force from April 2,1983, in which six insurance coverages are provided, namely: (1) Institute Cargo Clause A, or ICC(A); 協(xié)會貨物(A)險條款 (2) Institute Cargo Clause B, or ICC(B); 協(xié)會貨物(B)險條款 (3) Institute Cargo Clause C, or ICC(C); 協(xié)會貨物(C)險條款 (4) Institute War Clause Cargo; 協(xié)會戰(zhàn)爭險條款

34、(貨物) (5) Institute Strikes Clause Cargo; 協(xié)會罷工險條款(貨物) (6) Malicious Damage Clause; 惡意損害險條款編輯pptPart 3. Institute Cargo Clauses (ICC) 協(xié)會貨物（A）（B）（C）三種險別的區(qū)別，主要反映在風險條款中，承保風險與除外責任是險別條款中的核心。 在（A）險條款中，由于承保責任范圍較廣，不便把全部承保風險一一列出，采用列出“除外責任”的方式，即除了除外責任外，其他風險責任均予負責。編輯pptPart 3. Institute Cargo Clauses (ICC). ICC(

35、A) This insurance covers all risks of loss of or damage to the subject matter insured保險標的物 except the following exclusions: 1. Exclusions of general average:沒有共同海損性質(zhì)的除外責任 loss, damage or expense attributable to willful misconduct of the Assured, etc. 由于投保人故意不當行為造成的損失與費用 2. Exclusions of unseaworthin

36、ess and unfitness 不適航,不適貨除外責任（主要是指被保險人裝船時已知不適航,不適貨的情況） 3. Exclusions of war 戰(zhàn)爭除外責任 4. Exclusions of strike 罷工除外責任編輯pptPart 3. Institute Cargo Clauses (ICC) 在（B）險條款中，對承保風險采用“列明風險”方式，即把承保風險一一列舉出來，規(guī)定明確、肯定，便于投保人投保時選擇適當?shù)谋ｋU險別，在除外責任上，基本與（A）險規(guī)定相同，所不同的是對“海盜行為”風險不負責和惡意損害險的責任也屬除外責任。 （B）險條款與原水漬險條款相比較，有增加并對原條款在含

37、義上也有擴充。 編輯ppt. ICC(B)1.This insurance covers（1）fire or explosion (2) vessel 船舶or craft駁船 being stranded, grounded, sunk or capsized (3) overturning or derailment出軌 of land conveyance運輸工具 (4) collision or contact of vessel ，craft or conveyance with any external object外界物體 other than water編輯ppt. ICC(B

38、) (5) discharge of cargo卸貨 at a port of distress避難港 (6) earthquake, volcano eruption or lightning (7) general average sacrifice共同海損犧牲 (8) jettison 投棄貨物or washing overboard (9) entry of sea, lake or river water into vessel ，craft hold ，conveyance container, lift van叉車 or place of storage (10) total l

39、oss of any package lost overboard 落海or dropped跌落 whilst loading on to, or unloading from vessel or craft 編輯ppt2. Except for the exclusions of ICC (A), ICC(B) shall not cover除外責任 (1)deliberate damage to or deliberate destruction 滅失of the subject matter insured 保險標的物or any part thereof by the wrongful

40、 act of any person or persons惡意損害險的責任除外 ( while ICC(A) only excludes loss, damage or expense attributable to willful misconduct of the Assured由于投保人故意不當行為造成的損失與費用) (2)actions of pirates海盜行為編輯pptPart 3. Institute Cargo Clauses (ICC) 在（C）險條款中，風險責任也和（B）險一樣，采用“列明風險”方式，但僅對“重大意外事故”（major casualties) 風險責任，對

41、非重大事故風險和（B）險中的自然災(zāi)害風險均不負責。 （C）險的風險條款與（B）險相比，免除了下列風險責任（B）險中（6）（9）（10）條） 1. 滅失或損害歸因于地震、火山爆發(fā)、雷電等 2. 由于浪擊落海，海水、湖水或河水進入船舶、駁船、運輸工 具等，以及貨物在裝卸時落入海或跌落造 成整件的全損等。編輯pptPart 3. Institute Cargo Clauses (ICC) . ICC(C) 1. This insurance cover (1)(5)（7）（8） 2. The exclusions of ICC(C) are the same as that of ICC(B) 除外

42、責任與（B）險相同編輯pptPart 3. Institute Cargo Clauses (ICC) ICC 各個險別條款的結(jié)構(gòu)統(tǒng)一，體系完整，協(xié)會新戰(zhàn)爭險和罷工險在需要時也可作為獨立的險別進行投保。編輯pptWhat is a contract of insurance?It is generally made in the form of an insurance policy. A contract of insurance is a contract between a party who agrees to accept the risk(the insurer) and a pa

43、rty seeking protection from the risk(the insured). In return for payment of a premium, the insurer agrees to pay the insured a stated sum( or a proportion of it) should the event insured against occur.It is a contract of indemnity, a contract to restore to someone, either the full amount of the loss

44、 that may be incurred, or a specified percentage of the amount of the loss.編輯pptWhat is the premium?Premium is the name given to the sum of money paid by the insured.保險費是投保人所付的錢。How is the premium quoted?It is quoted as a percentage of the sum insured.保險費是按投保金額的百分之幾計算的。編輯pptInsure(cover) the goods F

45、PA(WPA,against All Risks)for the buyers account由買方負擔保險費on behalf of the buyerswith an insurance companyfor the sum of US$ 100,000at the rate of 0.5%保險費率為千分之五at slightly higher premiumat/for 110% of the invoice value編輯ppt我們已為該貨物向保險公司投保平安險和戰(zhàn)爭險，保險率0.5%，投保額為45,000美元。We have insured/covered the goods FPA

46、 and against War Risk at the rate of 0.5% for the sum of U.S. $45,000 with the insurance company.我們已按發(fā)票金額的110%投保水漬險及戰(zhàn)爭險。We have insured W.P.A and against War Risk at 110% of the invoice value.編輯ppt根據(jù)你方要求，我們已對臺布按發(fā)票金額的110%向中國人民保險公司投保一切險。In compliance with your request, we have covered insurance on tab

47、lecloths against All Risks for 110% of the invoice value with the PICC.我們愿代你方投保。We will arrange/effect insurance on your behalf.投保effect/arrange/take out/provide/cover insurance編輯pptQuestions1. How is the insurance value calculated?2. For what percentage of the invoice value do we usually effect ins

48、urance if a transaction is concluded on a CIF basis?3. Who will pay the extra premium if insurance is requested to cover more than 110%?4. At what time is the seller under obligation to present a marine insurance policy when goods and sold on CIF basis？5. Whom should an insurance claim be submitted

49、to ?編輯ppt6.What documents must be presented in order to substantiate an ordinary average claim?為了落實貨物的正常損失索賠應(yīng)提交什么單證？編輯ppt cover or insure? 1. cover WPA (FPA, All Risks) and War Risks with (an insurance company) insure WPA (FPA, against All Risks) and against War Risks with (an insurance company)編輯pp

50、t2. Cover insurance FPA (WPA, against All Risks) on the goods Cover/insure the goods FPA(WPA, against All Risks)e.g. 1)We have covered insurance for 110% of the invoice value against All Risks and War Risk. 2) We have insured (covered) the goods FPA and against War Risks at the rate of 0.5% for the

51、sum of U.S $45,000 with the insurance company. 3) We have insured WPA and against War Risk at 110% of the invoice value.編輯ppt先生： 你方101號訂單 茲復(fù)你方3月7日來信詢問有關(guān)上述訂貨的保險事宜?，F(xiàn)告知你方，對于在CIF基礎(chǔ)上出售的貨物，我們將按發(fā)票金額110%投保一切險和戰(zhàn)爭險。若要投保更多險別，所需的額外保險費由買方負擔。貨物一運到保險單內(nèi)指定的目的地并送交收貨人倉庫后，保險即告終止。但是被保險貨物在終點卸貨港從遠洋輪上缷下至貨到收貨人倉庫之前的這段時間內(nèi)，其保險

52、期限為60天。 我們的保險公司中國人民保險公司幾乎在世界所有大城市均有代理處理索賠事宜。萬一貨物發(fā)生損壞，可向貴地的代理提出索賠，他們將賠償你方遭受的損失。 在向保險公司或代理提出索賠時，通常要求投保人遞交下列單證： 1.正本保險單或保險憑證、正本或副本提單、發(fā)票、裝箱單； 2.損失或損壞的證明書和/或短缺備忘錄、檢驗報告；編輯ppt 保險索賠應(yīng)盡快遞交保險公司或其代理，以便給他們充裕時間向有關(guān)過失方追索賠款。向遠洋承運人提出索賠的有效期通常是在貨物從遠洋輪上缷下后的一年內(nèi)。 在迅速公正解決索賠案件方面，中國人民保險公司享有很高威望。根據(jù)它的海洋運輸貨物保險條款，它承保的基本海洋運輸主要險別有

53、：平安險、水漬險和一切險。如果想進一步了解詳情，請與中國人民保險公司或它在貴地的代表聯(lián)系。 中國進出口公司 年 月 日編輯pptUnit 12 InsuranceEx. . 1. Please see to it that the abovementioned goods are to be shipped before 15th June and insured against All Risks for 150% of the invoice value. We know that according to your usual practice, you insure the goods only for 110% of the invoice value, therefore, the extra premium will be borne by us.編輯ppt2. An i