工程建筑給排水外文文獻翻譯1

1、 . . 36/37本科畢業(yè)設(shè)計外文文獻與譯文文獻、資料題目：Sealed building drainage and vent systems文獻、資料來源：國道數(shù)據(jù)庫文獻、資料發(fā)表（出版）日期：2016.6院 （部）：市政與環(huán)境工程學(xué)院專 業(yè)： 給水排水工程班 級：水工122姓 名：濤學(xué) 號：指導(dǎo)教師：譚鳳訓(xùn)翻譯日期： 2016.6外文文獻：Sealed building drainage and vent systemsan application of active air pressure transient control and suppressionAbstractThe in

2、troduction of sealed building drainage and vent systems is considered a viable proposition for complex buildings due to the use of active pressure transient control and suppression in the form of air admittance valves and positive air pressure attenuators coupledwith the interconnection of the netwo

3、rks vertical stacks.This paper presents a simulation based on a four-stack network that illustrates flow mechanisms within the pipework following both appliance discharge generated, and sewer imposed, transients. This simulation identifies the role of the active air pressure control devices in maint

4、aining system pressures at levels that do not deplete trap seals. Further simulation exercises would be necessary to provide proof of concept, and it would be advantageous to parallel these with laboratory, and possibly site, trials for validation purposes. Despite this caution the initial results a

5、re highly encouraging and are sufficient to confirm the potential to provide definite benefits in terms of enhanced system security as well as increased reliability and reduced installation and material costs. Keywords:Active control; Trap retention; Transient propagation Nomenclature HYPERLINK :/ s

6、ciencedirect /science?_ob=MathURL&_method=retrieve&_udi=B6V23-4H3BKW0-3&_mathId=mml25&_user=1021790&_cdi=5691&_rdoc=1&_ArticleListID=543804161&_acct=C000050480&_version=1&_userid=1021790&md5=69837b4d09a21dc4fb80380be648cbf1 o Click to view the MathML source C+-characteristic equations HYPERLINK :/ s

7、ciencedirect /science?_ob=MathURL&_method=retrieve&_udi=B6V23-4H3BKW0-3&_mathId=mml26&_user=1021790&_cdi=5691&_rdoc=1&_ArticleListID=543804161&_acct=C000050480&_version=1&_userid=1021790&md5=32d70ed8f007bdacebb4213ef78dd119 o Click to view the MathML source cwave speed, m/s HYPERLINK :/ sciencedirec

8、t /science?_ob=MathURL&_method=retrieve&_udi=B6V23-4H3BKW0-3&_mathId=mml27&_user=1021790&_cdi=5691&_rdoc=1&_ArticleListID=543804161&_acct=C000050480&_version=1&_userid=1021790&md5=41c52da2d630fe97cbe78aafd7940b44 o Click to view the MathML source Dbranch or stack diameter, m HYPERLINK :/ sciencedire

9、ct /science?_ob=MathURL&_method=retrieve&_udi=B6V23-4H3BKW0-3&_mathId=mml30&_user=1021790&_cdi=5691&_rdoc=1&_ArticleListID=543804161&_acct=C000050480&_version=1&_userid=1021790&md5=8ea1d4c53590c0a24e95ac4a1b10494e o Click to view the MathML source ffriction factor, UK definition via Darcy HYPERLINK

10、:/ sciencedirect /science?_ob=MathURL&_method=retrieve&_udi=B6V23-4H3BKW0-3&_mathId=mml31&_user=1021790&_cdi=5691&_rdoc=1&_ArticleListID=543804161&_acct=C000050480&_version=1&_userid=1021790&md5=49e6f2267db0e178fd2f3f9fd1755985 o Click to view the MathML source h=4fLu2/2Dg HYPERLINK :/ sciencedirect

11、 /science?_ob=MathURL&_method=retrieve&_udi=B6V23-4H3BKW0-3&_mathId=mml32&_user=1021790&_cdi=5691&_rdoc=1&_ArticleListID=543804161&_acct=C000050480&_version=1&_userid=1021790&md5=732f813811e62d7770f808910e091ec2 o Click to view the MathML source gacceleration due to gravity, HYPERLINK :/ sciencedire

12、ct /science?_ob=MathURL&_method=retrieve&_udi=B6V23-4H3BKW0-3&_mathId=mml33&_user=1021790&_cdi=5691&_rdoc=1&_ArticleListID=543804161&_acct=C000050480&_version=1&_userid=1021790&md5=cdd00a19bb3ba0167d163cce8de2d12d o Click to viewthe MathML source m/s2 HYPERLINK :/ sciencedirect /science?_ob=MathURL&

13、_method=retrieve&_udi=B6V23-4H3BKW0-3&_mathId=mml34&_user=1021790&_cdi=5691&_rdoc=1&_ArticleListID=543804161&_acct=C000050480&_version=1&_userid=1021790&md5=5bc0646c2cc77c1e65f4cdfaeb0f4a59 o Click to view the MathML source Kloss coefficient HYPERLINK :/ sciencedirect /science?_ob=MathURL&_method=re

14、trieve&_udi=B6V23-4H3BKW0-3&_mathId=mml35&_user=1021790&_cdi=5691&_rdoc=1&_ArticleListID=543804161&_acct=C000050480&_version=1&_userid=1021790&md5=7224c99e39bfbfbf64f416144c6b1f5f o Click to view the MathML source Lpipe length, m HYPERLINK :/ sciencedirect /science?_ob=MathURL&_method=retrieve&_udi=

15、B6V23-4H3BKW0-3&_mathId=mml36&_user=1021790&_cdi=5691&_rdoc=1&_ArticleListID=543804161&_acct=C000050480&_version=1&_userid=1021790&md5=ebbd52838457bbef6525ac5e7403c7ac o Click to view the MathML source pair pressure, HYPERLINK :/ sciencedirect /science?_ob=MathURL&_method=retrieve&_udi=B6V23-4H3BKW0

16、-3&_mathId=mml37&_user=1021790&_cdi=5691&_rdoc=1&_ArticleListID=543804161&_acct=C000050480&_version=1&_userid=1021790&md5=e8cd9c10cc8ae4a59ebeaac6b9cb9a77 o Click to view the MathML source N/m2 HYPERLINK :/ sciencedirect /science?_ob=MathURL&_method=retrieve&_udi=B6V23-4H3BKW0-3&_mathId=mml38&_user=

17、1021790&_cdi=5691&_rdoc=1&_ArticleListID=543804161&_acct=C000050480&_version=1&_userid=1021790&md5=4c4e2447fe5a20050ddcfe5f05db19e1 o Click to view the MathML source ttime, s HYPERLINK :/ sciencedirect /science?_ob=MathURL&_method=retrieve&_udi=B6V23-4H3BKW0-3&_mathId=mml39&_user=1021790&_cdi=5691&_

18、rdoc=1&_ArticleListID=543804161&_acct=C000050480&_version=1&_userid=1021790&md5=abe9e63fffb74095361b47e3c8753c98 o Click to view the MathML source umean air velocity, m/s HYPERLINK :/ sciencedirect /science?_ob=MathURL&_method=retrieve&_udi=B6V23-4H3BKW0-3&_mathId=mml40&_user=1021790&_cdi=5691&_rdoc

19、=1&_ArticleListID=543804161&_acct=C000050480&_version=1&_userid=1021790&md5=fe73eb6db9e55f79a024a5c4fe8cb8c1 o Click to view the MathML source xdistance, m HYPERLINK :/ sciencedirect /science?_ob=MathURL&_method=retrieve&_udi=B6V23-4H3BKW0-3&_mathId=mml41&_user=1021790&_cdi=5691&_rdoc=1&_ArticleList

20、ID=543804161&_acct=C000050480&_version=1&_userid=1021790&md5=4d741733fc2b6ce748b57bc4853a938a o Click to view the MathML source ratio specific heats HYPERLINK :/ sciencedirect /science?_ob=MathURL&_method=retrieve&_udi=B6V23-4H3BKW0-3&_mathId=mml44&_user=1021790&_cdi=5691&_rdoc=1&_ArticleListID=5438

21、04161&_acct=C000050480&_version=1&_userid=1021790&md5=237c5ccf96bbeea8596e68c784797de4 o Click to view the MathML source hhead loss, m HYPERLINK :/ sciencedirect /science?_ob=MathURL&_method=retrieve&_udi=B6V23-4H3BKW0-3&_mathId=mml45&_user=1021790&_cdi=5691&_rdoc=1&_ArticleListID=543804161&_acct=C0

22、00050480&_version=1&_userid=1021790&md5=46843f33f42311060dbb238ec318a15f o Click to view the MathML source ppressure difference, HYPERLINK :/ sciencedirect /science?_ob=MathURL&_method=retrieve&_udi=B6V23-4H3BKW0-3&_mathId=mml46&_user=1021790&_cdi=5691&_rdoc=1&_ArticleListID=543804161&_acct=C0000504

23、80&_version=1&_userid=1021790&md5=ae4a003acb0c680458a12dd28147f878 o Click to view the MathML source N/m2 HYPERLINK :/ sciencedirect /science?_ob=MathURL&_method=retrieve&_udi=B6V23-4H3BKW0-3&_mathId=mml47&_user=1021790&_cdi=5691&_rdoc=1&_ArticleListID=543804161&_acct=C000050480&_version=1&_userid=1

24、021790&md5=75500eac415f61a92b727e9de6b5cbeb o Click to view the MathML source ttime step, s HYPERLINK :/ sciencedirect /science?_ob=MathURL&_method=retrieve&_udi=B6V23-4H3BKW0-3&_mathId=mml50&_user=1021790&_cdi=5691&_rdoc=1&_ArticleListID=543804161&_acct=C000050480&_version=1&_userid=1021790&md5=5ec

25、239125b8a6194ae40acaa91e94704 o Click to view the MathML source xinternodal length, m HYPERLINK :/ sciencedirect /science?_ob=MathURL&_method=retrieve&_udi=B6V23-4H3BKW0-3&_mathId=mml51&_user=1021790&_cdi=5691&_rdoc=1&_ArticleListID=543804161&_acct=C000050480&_version=1&_userid=1021790&md5=665dcb1a6

26、e963be27c8ced7138dad6f9 o Click to view the MathML source density, HYPERLINK :/ sciencedirect /science?_ob=MathURL&_method=retrieve&_udi=B6V23-4H3BKW0-3&_mathId=mml52&_user=1021790&_cdi=5691&_rdoc=1&_ArticleListID=543804161&_acct=C000050480&_version=1&_userid=1021790&md5=00efea62bfcd917d0a9be560ff47

27、9db1 o Click to view the MathML source kg/m3Article Outline HYPERLINK :/ sciencedirect /science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6V23-4H3BKW0-3&_user=1021790&_coverDate=10%2F31%2F2006&_alid=543804161&_rdoc=1&_fmt=full&_orig=search&_cdi=5691&_sort=d&_docanchor=&view=c&_ct=21&_acct=C000050480&_version=1&_urlVersi

28、on=0&_userid=1021790&md5=10eaa625292cb174009bbdc501b2ea1e l nomen001#nomen001 Nomenclature1. HYPERLINK :/ sciencedirect /science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6V23-4H3BKW0-3&_user=1021790&_coverDate=10%2F31%2F2006&_alid=543804161&_rdoc=1&_fmt=full&_orig=search&_cdi=5691&_sort=d&_docanchor=&view=c&_ct=21&_acc

29、t=C000050480&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=1021790&md5=10eaa625292cb174009bbdc501b2ea1e l secx1#secx1 Introductionair pressure transient control and suppression2. HYPERLINK :/ sciencedirect /science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6V23-4H3BKW0-3&_user=1021790&_coverDate=10%2F31%2F2006&_alid=543804161&_rdoc=

30、1&_fmt=full&_orig=search&_cdi=5691&_sort=d&_docanchor=&view=c&_ct=21&_acct=C000050480&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=1021790&md5=10eaa625292cb174009bbdc501b2ea1e l secx2#secx2 Mathematical basis for the simulation of transient propagation in multi-stack building drainage networks3. HYPERLINK :/ sc

31、iencedirect /science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6V23-4H3BKW0-3&_user=1021790&_coverDate=10%2F31%2F2006&_alid=543804161&_rdoc=1&_fmt=full&_orig=search&_cdi=5691&_sort=d&_docanchor=&view=c&_ct=21&_acct=C000050480&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=1021790&md5=10eaa625292cb174009bbdc501b2ea1e l secx3#secx3 Rol

32、e of diversity in system operation4. HYPERLINK :/ sciencedirect /science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6V23-4H3BKW0-3&_user=1021790&_coverDate=10%2F31%2F2006&_alid=543804161&_rdoc=1&_fmt=full&_orig=search&_cdi=5691&_sort=d&_docanchor=&view=c&_ct=21&_acct=C000050480&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=1021790&md

33、5=10eaa625292cb174009bbdc501b2ea1e l secx4#secx4 Simulation of the operation of a multi-stack sealed building drainage and vent system5. HYPERLINK :/ sciencedirect /science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6V23-4H3BKW0-3&_user=1021790&_coverDate=10%2F31%2F2006&_alid=543804161&_rdoc=1&_fmt=full&_orig=search&_cdi

34、=5691&_sort=d&_docanchor=&view=c&_ct=21&_acct=C000050480&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=1021790&md5=10eaa625292cb174009bbdc501b2ea1e l secx5#secx5 Simulation sign conventions6. HYPERLINK :/ sciencedirect /science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6V23-4H3BKW0-3&_user=1021790&_coverDate=10%2F31%2F2006&_alid=543

35、804161&_rdoc=1&_fmt=full&_orig=search&_cdi=5691&_sort=d&_docanchor=&view=c&_ct=21&_acct=C000050480&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=1021790&md5=10eaa625292cb174009bbdc501b2ea1e l secx6#secx6 Water discharge to the network7. HYPERLINK :/ sciencedirect /science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6V23-4H3BKW0-3&_use

36、r=1021790&_coverDate=10%2F31%2F2006&_alid=543804161&_rdoc=1&_fmt=full&_orig=search&_cdi=5691&_sort=d&_docanchor=&view=c&_ct=21&_acct=C000050480&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=1021790&md5=10eaa625292cb174009bbdc501b2ea1e l secx7#secx7 Surcharge at base of stack 18. HYPERLINK :/ sciencedirect /scien

37、ce?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6V23-4H3BKW0-3&_user=1021790&_coverDate=10%2F31%2F2006&_alid=543804161&_rdoc=1&_fmt=full&_orig=search&_cdi=5691&_sort=d&_docanchor=&view=c&_ct=21&_acct=C000050480&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=1021790&md5=10eaa625292cb174009bbdc501b2ea1e l secx8#secx8 Sewer imposed transie

38、nts9. HYPERLINK :/ sciencedirect /science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6V23-4H3BKW0-3&_user=1021790&_coverDate=10%2F31%2F2006&_alid=543804161&_rdoc=1&_fmt=full&_orig=search&_cdi=5691&_sort=d&_docanchor=&view=c&_ct=21&_acct=C000050480&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=1021790&md5=10eaa625292cb174009bbdc501b2e

39、a1e l secx9#secx9 Trap seal oscillation and retention10. HYPERLINK :/ sciencedirect /science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6V23-4H3BKW0-3&_user=1021790&_coverDate=10%2F31%2F2006&_alid=543804161&_rdoc=1&_fmt=full&_orig=search&_cdi=5691&_sort=d&_docanchor=&view=c&_ct=21&_acct=C000050480&_version=1&_urlVersion=

40、0&_userid=1021790&md5=10eaa625292cb174009bbdc501b2ea1e l secx10#secx10 Conclusionviability of a sealed building drainage and vent system1.Air pressure transients generated within building drainage and vent systems as a natural consequence of system operation may be responsible for trap seal depletio

41、n and cross contamination of habitable space HYPERLINK :/ sciencedirect /science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6V23-4H3BKW0-3&_user=1021790&_coverDate=10%2F31%2F2006&_alid=543804161&_rdoc=1&_fmt=full&_orig=search&_cdi=5691&_sort=d&_docanchor=&view=c&_ct=21&_acct=C000050480&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=10

42、21790&md5=10eaa625292cb174009bbdc501b2ea1e l bib1#bib1 1. Traditional modes of trap seal protection, based on the Victorian engineers obsession with odour exclusion HYPERLINK :/ sciencedirect /science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6V23-4H3BKW0-3&_user=1021790&_coverDate=10%2F31%2F2006&_alid=543804161&_rdoc=1

43、&_fmt=full&_orig=search&_cdi=5691&_sort=d&_docanchor=&view=c&_ct=21&_acct=C000050480&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=1021790&md5=10eaa625292cb174009bbdc501b2ea1e l bib2#bib2 2, HYPERLINK :/ sciencedirect /science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6V23-4H3BKW0-3&_user=1021790&_coverDate=10%2F31%2F2006&_alid=5438

44、04161&_rdoc=1&_fmt=full&_orig=search&_cdi=5691&_sort=d&_docanchor=&view=c&_ct=21&_acct=C000050480&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=1021790&md5=10eaa625292cb174009bbdc501b2ea1e l bib3#bib3 3 and HYPERLINK :/ sciencedirect /science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6V23-4H3BKW0-3&_user=1021790&_coverDate=10%2F31%2

45、F2006&_alid=543804161&_rdoc=1&_fmt=full&_orig=search&_cdi=5691&_sort=d&_docanchor=&view=c&_ct=21&_acct=C000050480&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=1021790&md5=10eaa625292cb174009bbdc501b2ea1e l bib4#bib4 4, depend predominantly on passive solutions where reliance is placed on cross connections and v

46、ertical stacks vented to atmosphere HYPERLINK :/ sciencedirect /science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6V23-4H3BKW0-3&_user=1021790&_coverDate=10%2F31%2F2006&_alid=543804161&_rdoc=1&_fmt=full&_orig=search&_cdi=5691&_sort=d&_docanchor=&view=c&_ct=21&_acct=C000050480&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=1021790&md5

47、=10eaa625292cb174009bbdc501b2ea1e l bib5#bib5 5 and HYPERLINK :/ sciencedirect /science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6V23-4H3BKW0-3&_user=1021790&_coverDate=10%2F31%2F2006&_alid=543804161&_rdoc=1&_fmt=full&_orig=search&_cdi=5691&_sort=d&_docanchor=&view=c&_ct=21&_acct=C000050480&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_us

48、erid=1021790&md5=10eaa625292cb174009bbdc501b2ea1e l bib6#bib6 6. This approach, while both proven and traditional, has inherent weaknesses, including the remoteness of the vent terminations HYPERLINK :/ sciencedirect /science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6V23-4H3BKW0-3&_user=1021790&_coverDate=10%2F31%2F200

49、6&_alid=543804161&_rdoc=1&_fmt=full&_orig=search&_cdi=5691&_sort=d&_docanchor=&view=c&_ct=21&_acct=C000050480&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=1021790&md5=10eaa625292cb174009bbdc501b2ea1e l bib7#bib7 7, leading to delays in the arrival of relieving reflections, and the multiplicity of open roof leve

50、l stack terminations inherent within complex buildings. The complexity of the vent system required also has significant cost and space implications HYPERLINK :/ sciencedirect /science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6V23-4H3BKW0-3&_user=1021790&_coverDate=10%2F31%2F2006&_alid=543804161&_rdoc=1&_fmt=full&_orig=

51、search&_cdi=5691&_sort=d&_docanchor=&view=c&_ct=21&_acct=C000050480&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=1021790&md5=10eaa625292cb174009bbdc501b2ea1e l bib8#bib8 8. The development of air admittance valves (AAVs) over the past two decades provides the designer with a means of alleviating negative transi

52、ents generated as random appliance discharges contribute to the time dependent water-flow conditions within the system. AAVs represent an active control solution as they respond directly to the local pressure conditions, opening as pressure falls to allow a relief air inflow and hence limit the pres

53、sure excursions experienced by the appliance trap seal HYPERLINK :/ sciencedirect /science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6V23-4H3BKW0-3&_user=1021790&_coverDate=10%2F31%2F2006&_alid=543804161&_rdoc=1&_fmt=full&_orig=search&_cdi=5691&_sort=d&_docanchor=&view=c&_ct=21&_acct=C000050480&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&

54、_userid=1021790&md5=10eaa625292cb174009bbdc501b2ea1e l bib9#bib9 9. However, AAVs do not address the problems of positive air pressure transient propagation within building drainage and vent systems as a result of intermittent closure of the free airpath through the network or the arrival of positiv

55、e transients generated remotely within the sewer system, possibly by some surcharge event downstreamincluding heavy rainfall in combined sewer applications. The development of variable volume containment attenuators HYPERLINK :/ sciencedirect /science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6V23-4H3BKW0-3&_user=102179

56、0&_coverDate=10%2F31%2F2006&_alid=543804161&_rdoc=1&_fmt=full&_orig=search&_cdi=5691&_sort=d&_docanchor=&view=c&_ct=21&_acct=C000050480&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=1021790&md5=10eaa625292cb174009bbdc501b2ea1e l bib10#bib10 10 that are designed to absorb airflow driven by positive air pressure t

57、ransients completes the necessary device provision to allow active air pressure transient control and suppression to be introduced into the design of building drainage and vent systems, for both standard buildings and those requiring particular attention to be paid to the security implications of mu

58、ltiple roof level open stack terminations. The positive air pressure attenuator (PAPA) consists of a variable volume bag that expands under the influence of a positive transient and therefore allows system airflows to attenuate gradually, therefore reducing the level of positive transients generated

59、. Together with the use of AAVs the introduction of the PAPA device allows consideration of a fully sealed building drainage and vent system. HYPERLINK :/ sciencedirect /science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6V23-4H3BKW0-3&_user=1021790&_coverDate=10%2F31%2F2006&_alid=543804161&_rdoc=1&_fmt=full&_orig=search

60、&_cdi=5691&_sort=d&_docanchor=&view=c&_ct=21&_acct=C000050480&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=1021790&md5=10eaa625292cb174009bbdc501b2ea1e l fig1#fig1 Fig. 1 illustrates both AAV and PAPA devices, note that the waterless sheath trap acts as an AAV under negative line pressure.Fig. 1. Active air pre