直接引語(yǔ)與間接引語(yǔ)(最全)課件

1、引述別人的話(huà)一般采用兩種方式：一.直接引語(yǔ)（Direct Speech）原封不動(dòng)地引用原話(huà)，把它放在引號(hào)內(nèi)；二.間接引語(yǔ)（Indirect Speech）用自己的話(huà)加以轉(zhuǎn)述，間接引語(yǔ)相當(dāng)于一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句。一句式的變化1. 直接引語(yǔ)為陳述句變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，變成由that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句（that可以省略），同時(shí)人稱(chēng)、時(shí)態(tài)、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)、地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)作相應(yīng)變化。引述動(dòng)詞：say、tell等“Ill telephone him this evening,”she said to me.She told me that she would telephone him that evening.2. 直接引語(yǔ)為疑問(wèn)

2、句變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，必須用陳述句語(yǔ)氣。引述動(dòng)詞：ask、wonder、want to know等一般疑問(wèn)句和反義疑問(wèn)句需改為由if/whether引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句My teacher asked me, “Do you like American country music？” My teacher asked me if/whether I liked American country music. He asked me，“You are interested in computer studies，arent you？”He asked me if/whether I was interes

3、ted in computer studies.選擇疑問(wèn)句須用whetherorI asked Sally，“Will you stay with me or go by yourself on a picnic？” I asked Sally whether she would stay with me or go by herself on a picnic.特殊疑問(wèn)句采用原疑問(wèn)詞作連接詞來(lái)引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句“What are your parents and where do they live？”the policeman asked me.The policeman asked me wh

4、at my parents were and where they lived.3. 直接引語(yǔ)為祈使句 將祈使句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞變成不定式，作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)tell/ask/order/beg/request sb. (not) to do sth.“Dont touch anything,”he said. He told us not to touch anything. 表示建議的祈使句，需改成 “suggest/advise that (should).”結(jié)構(gòu) “Try again and see what will happen,”the teacher said. The teacher a

5、dvised/suggested that they (should) try again and see what will happen. 4. 直接引語(yǔ)為感嘆句變間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)可用what、how、that引導(dǎo)“What a lovely day it is!”they all shouted. They all shouted what a lovely day it was. They all shouted how lovely a day it was. They all shouted that it was a lovely day.二人稱(chēng)的變化直接引語(yǔ)中的人稱(chēng)代詞轉(zhuǎn)化為間接引語(yǔ)

6、時(shí)變化原則：一隨主，二隨賓，第三人稱(chēng)不更新。They told Mary,“We will help you out of trouble.”They told Mary that they will help her out of trouble.Nancy told her parents,“Tom is a nice boy. He always help others.”Nancy told her parents that Tom was a nice boy and he always helped others.PracticeShe said. My brother wants

7、 to go with me.He said to Kate. How is your sister now?Mr. Smith said: Jack is a good worker。三時(shí)態(tài)的變化1. 時(shí)態(tài)變化的情況主句為過(guò)去的某種時(shí)態(tài)，直接引語(yǔ)變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，時(shí)態(tài)要發(fā)生變化Nina told me,“Lisa is studying abroad.” Nina told me that Lisa was studying abroad.Nell said,“I have worked out this problem.” Nell said (that) she had worked ou

8、t that problem.直接引語(yǔ)間接引語(yǔ)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)一般將來(lái)時(shí)過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)過(guò)去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)cancouldmaymightmustmust/had to2022/7/28PracticeShe said, “We hope so.”He said to me,“I met your father.”She said， I have lost a pen.She said,“I will go to see his friend.”2. 時(shí)態(tài)不變的情況 直接引語(yǔ)是客觀真理 “The earth

9、 moves around the sun”,the teacher told me. The teacher told me the earth moves around the sun. 直接引語(yǔ)是過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí) Jack said,“John, where were you going when I met you in the street？” Jack asked John where he was going when he met him in the street. 直接引語(yǔ)有確定的過(guò)去時(shí)間 Annie said,“The story took place in the 1930s

10、.” Annie said that the story took place in the 1930s. 引述的部分是反復(fù)出現(xiàn)的、習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作or說(shuō)話(huà)時(shí)情況仍在繼續(xù)并對(duì)此加以強(qiáng)調(diào)。 The boy said to us,“I usually get up at six every day.” The boy told us he usually gets up at six every day. The reporter said,“The war is now still on.” The reporter said that the war is now still on. 直接引語(yǔ)中的

11、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞沒(méi)有過(guò)去時(shí)（ought to/had better/used to）or已經(jīng)是過(guò)去時(shí)的形式（could/should/would/might） She said,“We should help each other.” She said they should help each other. 四指示代詞的變化 五時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)、地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)、動(dòng)詞的變化直接引語(yǔ)間接引語(yǔ)指示代詞thisthatthesethose地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)herethere動(dòng)詞comegobringtake時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)直接引語(yǔ)間接引語(yǔ)nowthentodaythat daythis morning/afternoon/eveningt

12、hat morningyesterdaythe day beforethe previous dayyesterday morning/afternoon/eveningthe morning beforetwo days ago/weeks/months/yearstwo days beforethe day before yesterdaytwo days beforethe day after tomorrowtwo days laterlast night/week/month/yearthe night beforenext week/month/yearthe next weekt

13、he following weektomorrowthe next daythe following day2022/7/28Practice1. I dont know the address of my new said Anne.2. She said, Our bus will arrive in five minutes. 3. You have finished the homework, havent you? my mother asked. 4. Do you go to school by bus or by bike? 5. She asked me, When do t

14、hey have their dinner?6. He said to the doctor, “I smoke two packs every day.”7. The teacher said,“Water freezes when the temperature falls below 0.”8. The teacher said,“I was born in 1945.”9. She said to me,“You must hurry up.”10.Xiao Wang said. I was born on April 20, 1980。11.Dont make any noise, she said to the children. 12.Bring me a cup of tea, please, said she. 13.He said, Lets go to the film.14.The students asked when they would goouting that autumn.“ Why didnt you came to school yesterday? the teacher asked Wang Ying.