2022年河南工業(yè)貿(mào)易職業(yè)學(xué)院自考英語(yǔ)（二）練習(xí)題匯總（附答案解析）

1、 2022年河南工業(yè)貿(mào)易職業(yè)學(xué)院自考英語(yǔ)（二）練習(xí)題匯總（附答案解析）第1題【單選題】【2009.10】The room was quiet, _ the occasional coughing from my throat. A、in case B、except for C、by far D、instead of【正確答案】B【答案解析】本題考查介詞短語(yǔ)意義區(qū)分?！咀g文】 這個(gè)房間很安靜，除了偶爾從我喉嚨里發(fā)出的咳嗽聲以外。 A 以免、以防萬(wàn)一 B 除了以外 C 到目前為止 D 代替、而不是第2題【單選題】【閱讀判斷】Norwich, the capital of the part of B

2、ritain known as East Anglia, has been in existence for more than two thousand years. It began as a small village beside the River Wensum.Q: The River Wensum flows by Norwich. A、True B、False C、Not Given【正確答案】A【答案解析】答案選A。答題依據(jù)在第二句，Norwich是River Wensum旁邊的一個(gè)小村莊，就說(shuō)明了River Wensum流經(jīng) Norwich。第3題【單選題】【填句補(bǔ)文】Ma

3、ny beginning interviewers are afraid that they are forcing the other person to answer questions and have no right to inquire about his personal secrets. _. Unless the person really hates being interviewed, he is delighted that somebody wants to interview him. A、This fear is almost 100 percent unnece

4、ssary. B、This doesnt necessarily mean that it will go well. C、Most men and women lead lives that are uninteresting. D、Both of you need time to get to know each other.【正確答案】A【答案解析】抓住關(guān)鍵詞進(jìn)行同義替換，也就是afraid，選項(xiàng)中this fear就是對(duì)這種擔(dān)心的補(bǔ)充，這種擔(dān)心是完全沒(méi)有必要的，除非被采訪者確實(shí)是討厭別人問(wèn)自己。第4題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】And yet although the Mayas knew

5、about the wheel, they never used it. Neither did they use metals other than copper. What is ever more surprising is that they suddenly abandoned(拋棄) many of the cities and built new ones in the jungle. Some time around AD900, Mayan civilization collapsed. By the year 1200, their last great capital,

6、Chichen Itza, was deserted.One of the most surprising findings about Mayas was that _. A、they developed accurate system measuring time. B、they knew how to build pyramids with stones. C、they deserted their cities and moved to new ones. D、they built cities which they never lived in.【正確答案】C【答案解析】對(duì)應(yīng)點(diǎn)為Wh

7、at is ever more surprising is that they suddenly abandoned many of the cities and built new ones in the jungle.是對(duì)原文語(yǔ)意進(jìn)行了轉(zhuǎn)化，最高級(jí)代替了比較級(jí)。第5題【單選題】【2008.10】It is strongly held that new _ must be introduced to protect the right of the immigrants. A、statistics B、constructions C、measures D、concessions【正確答案】C

8、【答案解析】本題考查名詞詞義區(qū)分?！咀g文】強(qiáng)烈支持采取新措施維護(hù)移民的權(quán)力?！驹敿?xì)解答】A 統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué) B 建設(shè) C 措施，辦法 D 讓步，特許權(quán)第6題【單選題】【2009.04】If payment is not received, legal action will be our only_. A、aggression B、advantage C、alternative D、ambition【正確答案】C【答案解析】本題考查詞義選擇。譯文：如果我們收不到付款，那就只好訴諸法律了。A 挑釁、侵犯；B 優(yōu)勢(shì)、優(yōu)點(diǎn)；C 選擇、取舍；D 野心、抱負(fù)。第7題【單選題】【2008.10】Johnson w

9、as _ unknown before running for the presidency. A、visibly B、visually C、vertically D、virtually【正確答案】D【答案解析】本題考查（形近的）副詞詞義區(qū)分。譯文：事實(shí)上，約翰遜在參選總統(tǒng)職位之前是個(gè)無(wú)名人士。A 顯然，明顯地 B 外表上，直觀地 C 垂直地，直立地 D 實(shí)際上，事實(shí)上第8題【單選題】【2009.7】An employee has perfect reliability if he always does his work _. A、personally B、scarcely C、respec

10、tively D、responsibly【正確答案】D【答案解析】本題考查副詞意義區(qū)分?！咀g文】如果一個(gè)員工做工作總是認(rèn)真負(fù)責(zé)，他就是完全可信賴(lài)的?！驹敿?xì)解答】A 親自地; B 幾乎不; C 個(gè)別地; D 可靠地第9題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】But even if every large city purified and reused its water, we still would not have enough. Where could we turn next? To the oceans! All wed have to do to make use of the vast amou

11、nt of sea-water is remove the salt. This salt-removing process is already in use in many parts of the world.According to the passage, sea-water can be turned into fresh water by_ A、heating it up. B、treating it with chemicals. C、taking salt out of it. D、drying it up.【正確答案】C【答案解析】海水之所以不能飲用就是因?yàn)樗窍痰?。答題依

12、據(jù)是本段的remove the salt即take salt out。第10題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】And yet although the Mayas knew about the wheel, they never used it. Neither did they use metals other than copper. What is ever more surprising is that they suddenly abandoned(拋棄) many of the cities and built new ones in the jungle. Some time around

13、 AD900, Mayan civilization collapsed. By the year 1200, their last great capital, Chichen Itza, was deserted.One of the most surprising findings about Mayas was that _. A、they developed accurate system measuring time. B、they knew how to build pyramids with stones. C、they deserted their cities and mo

14、ved to new ones. D、they built cities which they never lived in.【正確答案】C【答案解析】對(duì)應(yīng)點(diǎn)為What is ever more surprising is that they suddenly abandoned many of the cities and built new ones in the jungle.是對(duì)原文語(yǔ)意進(jìn)行了轉(zhuǎn)化，最高級(jí)代替了比較級(jí)。第11題【單選題】【2007.04】Having decided to rent a flat, we _ contacting housing agencies in

15、the city. A、set about B、set down C、set out D、set up【正確答案】A【答案解析】本題考查關(guān)于set的短語(yǔ)。contacting housing agencies：聯(lián)系房屋中介。根據(jù)句意，應(yīng)該選set about。set about：開(kāi)始做某事。set down：放下，擱下；記下，記載，寫(xiě)下。set out：出發(fā)，開(kāi)始，后面跟to do sth。set up：建立（事業(yè)）；成立（組織）；為某人提供必需品或有用的東西。 第12題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】But even if every large city purified and reused it

16、s water, we still would not have enough. Where could we turn next? To the oceans! All wed have to do to make use of the vast amount of sea-water is remove the salt. This salt-removing process is already in use in many parts of the world.According to the passage, sea-water can be turned into fresh wa

17、ter by_ A、heating it up. B、treating it with chemicals. C、taking salt out of it. D、drying it up.【正確答案】C【答案解析】海水之所以不能飲用就是因?yàn)樗窍痰?。答題依據(jù)是本段的remove the salt即take salt out。第13題【單選題】【填句補(bǔ)文】Posture. A good posture makes you feel better about yourself. _. This makes breathing more difficult, which in turn can m

18、ake you feel nervous or uncomfortable. A、If you are feeling down, you normally dont sit straight, with your shoulders inwards. B、Body language is a broad term for several forms of communication using body movements or gestures. C、Body language differs from culture to culture. D、If you are at intervi

19、ews, try to keep them still.【正確答案】A【答案解析】本段講的是身體姿勢(shì)。填充句后一個(gè)句子提到“this”會(huì)使呼吸更加困難，this顯然指的是一種不太好的身體姿勢(shì)，因此本題答案為A。第14題【單選題】【2008.04】The vehicle was traveling at speeds _ 90 miles per hour. A、in addition to B、in view of C、in excess of D、in search of【正確答案】C【答案解析】本題考查短語(yǔ)辨析。那輛車(chē)以超過(guò)每小時(shí)90英里的速度行駛。A .除之外、 例外； B. 由看來(lái)、

20、有鑒于；C. 過(guò)分、超出； D. 尋找、追求。第15題【單選題】【2009.10】The room was quiet, _ the occasional coughing from my throat. A、in case B、except for C、by far D、instead of【正確答案】B【答案解析】本題考查介詞短語(yǔ)意義區(qū)分。【譯文】 這個(gè)房間很安靜，除了偶爾從我喉嚨里發(fā)出的咳嗽聲以外。 A 以免、以防萬(wàn)一 B 除了以外 C 到目前為止 D 代替、而不是第16題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】In the next stage, from three to five years old

21、, curiosity knows no bounds. Every type of suitable toy should be made available to the child, for trying out, experimenting and learning, for discovering his own particular ability. Bricks and jigsaws(七巧板) and construction toys; painting, scribbling(涂鴉) and making things; Sand and water play; toys

22、for imaginative and pretending play; the first social games for learning to play and get on with others.We learn from the passage that a child has boundless curiosity_. A、when he is two. B、when he is around four. C、when he is six. D、when he is eight.【正確答案】B【答案解析】根據(jù)In the next stage, from three to fi

23、ve years old, curiosity knows no bounds可以得出答案是B。第17題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】War may be a natural expression of biological instinct and drives toward aggression in the human species. Natural impulses of anger, hostility, and territoriality (守衛(wèi)地盤(pán)的天性) are expressed through acts of violence. These are all qualities

24、that humans share with animals. Aggression is a kind of innate (天生的) survival mechanism, an instinct for self-preservation, that allows animals to defend themselves from threats to their existence. But, on the other hand, human violence shows evidence of being a learned behavior. In the case of huma

25、n aggression, violence can not be simply reduced to an instinct. The many expressions of human violence are always conditioned by social conventions that give shape to aggressive behavior. In human societies violence has a social function: It is a strategy for creating or destroying forms of social

26、order. Religious traditions have taken a leading role in directing the powers of violence. We will look at the ritual and ethical (道德上的) patterns within which human violence has been directed. Human violence shows evidence of being a learned behavior in that _. A、it threatens the existing social sys

27、tems B、it is influenced by society C、it has roots in religious conflicts D、it is directed against institutions of law【正確答案】B【答案解析】本段指出了人類(lèi)暴力的兩個(gè)特性，其中第二個(gè)特性是“a learned behavior”。可以知道本題的答案應(yīng)該就在本段的后面部分。接下來(lái)的第二句話(huà)即說(shuō)人類(lèi)暴力的諸多表現(xiàn)形式都受社會(huì)習(xí)慣的制約：The many expressions of human violence are always conditioned by social co

28、nventions that give shape to aggressive behavior，將其定型為侵略性行為。第18題【單選題】【2009.04】This is the first time that a woman has been_ to the post. A、granted B、praised C、pointed D、appointed【正確答案】D【答案解析】譯文：這是第一次任命一位婦女擔(dān)任此職位。試題分析：本題考查詞義辨析。詳細(xì)解答：A 允許、同意；B 表?yè)P(yáng)、贊揚(yáng)；C 指、指出；D 指定、任命、委任。第19題【單選題】【2009.7】An employee has per

29、fect reliability if he always does his work _. A、personally B、scarcely C、respectively D、responsibly【正確答案】D【答案解析】【譯文】如果一個(gè)員工做工作總是認(rèn)真負(fù)責(zé)，他就是完全可信賴(lài)的?！驹囶}分析】副詞意義區(qū)分題?！驹敿?xì)解答】A 親自地; B 幾乎不; C 個(gè)別地; D 可靠地第20題【單選題】【填句補(bǔ)文】Though little research has been carried out about how exactly the sunspot will negatively harm th

30、e health of the people. _. So, scientists warn that people going outdoors should be careful to protect their exposed skin and eyes with clothes, umbrellas and sunglasses from the strong sunlight rich in ultraviolet rays. A、Ionosphere is high above the earth. B、If the lights in your house keep flicke

31、ring, blame frequent sunspots. C、According to a research conducted by the Russian scientists from 1957 to 1960, the frequency of earthquakes can be linked to the movement of the sunspots. D、A paper published by a North Korea observatory says that sun storms may cause an increase in the incidence of

32、heart disease and skin disease.【正確答案】D【答案解析】這一段說(shuō)的是太陽(yáng)黑子對(duì)人類(lèi)健康的影響。填入的內(nèi)容也應(yīng)該與健康有關(guān)，空格后一句說(shuō)到要保護(hù)皮膚。因此D是正確的。第21題【單選題】【完成句子】Did you know that before 1950, hurricanes had no names? They were simply given numbers. The first names were simply Alpha, Bravo, Charlie, etc. but in 1953, females names were given becau

33、se of the unpredictability（不可預(yù)知）factor of the storms. In 1979, realizing the sexist（性別歧視的）nature of such names, the lists were expanded to include both men and women.The main consideration of using males and females names for hurricanes is _. A、the timely（及時(shí)的）discovery B、its uncertainty C、sex equali

34、ty D、its connection with humans【正確答案】C【答案解析】依靠原文（利用（male, female）names作為答案線(xiàn)索詞）中最后一句判斷答案為C（與性別有關(guān)）。第22題【單選題】【2009.04】The conclusion from the study is not definite; it is just _. A、tentative B、valid C、technical D、thorough【正確答案】A【答案解析】譯文：這項(xiàng)研究的結(jié)論不是一定的；它只是試探性的。試題分析：形容詞詞義選擇題。詳細(xì)解答：A 不確定的、試探性的；B 正當(dāng)?shù)摹⒂懈鶕?jù)的、有效的

35、；C 技術(shù)性的、專(zhuān)門(mén)技術(shù)的；D 徹底的、十足的。第23題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】Hearing loss, which occurs typically prior to teenage years, progresses throughout ones lifetime. Although hearing loss is now the worlds number one health problem, nearly 90 percent of people suffering hearing loss choose to leave the problem untreated. For ma

36、ny millions, treating hearing loss in a conventional way can involve numerous office visits, expensive testing and adjustments to fit your ear. Thanks to Crystal Ear, the sound solution is now convenient. Almost 90 percent of people with mild hearing loss, and millions more with just a little hearin

37、g drop-off（下降）, can be dramatically helped with Crystal Ear. Moreover, its superior design is energy-efficient, so batteries can last months. Crystal Ear is now available to help these people treat their hearing loss with a small hearing amplifier（放大器）.According to the passage, hearing loss is_. A、o

38、nly a minor health problem. B、the worlds most common health problem. C、merely a teenage disease. D、an incurable disease.【正確答案】B【答案解析】hearing loss is now the worlds number one health problem這句話(huà)可以幫助我們找到答案。第24題【單選題】【填句補(bǔ)文】The author says that interpersonal relations should be taught as a required course

39、 in every school, along with reading, writing, and mathematics. _. That is at least as important as how much we know. A、Much of what has been said about strangers also applies to relationships with family members and friends. B、He keeps looking over the other persons shoulder, as if hoping to find s

40、omeone more interesting in another part of the room. C、Every time you meet someone in a social situation, give him your undivided attention for four minutes. D、In his opinion, success in life depends mainly on how we get along with other people.【正確答案】D【答案解析】后句中的代詞we在D中才有呼應(yīng)的代詞，而且在文章最后出現(xiàn)觀點(diǎn)句是通常論述文的發(fā)展特點(diǎn)

41、，因此判斷D正確。第25題【單選題】【閱讀判斷】When our Neolithic ancestors, living in the Middle East about 10,000 years ago, discovered that certain grasses could be harvested and their seeds planted for richer yields the next season, the first great step in a new association of plants and humans was taken.Q: People liv

42、ing in the Middle East first learned to grow plants for food about 10,000 years ago. A、True B、False C、Not Given【正確答案】A【答案解析】答案選A。利用“10，000”作為答案線(xiàn)索詞(因?yàn)槟甏ǔＪ怯脭?shù)字表示)，于是發(fā)現(xiàn)有句子提到當(dāng)生活在約一萬(wàn)年前中東地區(qū)的人們發(fā)現(xiàn)從某些植物中可以收獲糧食，并且播種后下一個(gè)收獲季節(jié)還能產(chǎn)出更多的糧食時(shí)，就邁開(kāi)了植物和人類(lèi)聯(lián)系的第1 大步。第26題【單選題】【2009.01】I was writing a report last night;_I wou

43、ld not have stayed up late. A、however B、otherwise C、therefore D、furthermore【正確答案】B【答案解析】本題考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：我昨天晚上寫(xiě)一個(gè)報(bào)告，否則我就不會(huì)熬夜了。A 然而，不過(guò)；B 否則，要不然；C 因此，所以；D 再者，而且。 第27題【單選題】【2008.04】The cloth had a natural look which perfectly _ the image Laura sought. A、turned out B、set down C、thought over D、coincided wit

44、h【正確答案】D【答案解析】本題考查短語(yǔ)意義辨析。這塊布料看起來(lái)很自然，與勞拉尋找的樣式完全相符。A. 關(guān)閉； B.制定、放下； D. 與相同、與相符。第28題【單選題】【概括大意】The VLT （Very Large Telescope） is the worlds largest telescope （望遠(yuǎn)鏡） and is taking astronomers （天文學(xué)家） further back to the Big Bang than they ever thought possible. Located 2,600 metres up in the Chilean Andes,

45、 it has four huge mirrors, each about the size of a London bus. The VLT is so powerful it can spot a burning match 10,000 kilometres away.The main idea of this paragraph is_. A、Biggest telescope B、Power of the telescope C、Fuctions of VLT D、Birth of the new telescope【正確答案】A【答案解析】本段文字主要介紹了世界上最大的望遠(yuǎn)鏡。第2

46、9題【單選題】【閱讀判斷】What about drinking alcohol to wet your throat? I advice you not to touch alcohol before speaking. You will feel all-powerful and you will feel you can do everything, but in fact your brain and your mouth do not work together properly. Save the alcohol until after you finish speaking.Q:

47、 Due to the effect of alcohol, your thought and your mouth will not coordinate properly. A、True B、False C、Not Given【正確答案】A【答案解析】答案選A。本題的關(guān)鍵句為：but in fact your brain and your mouth do not work together properly. 因此本題答案為A。第30題【單選題】【2009.01】What he told us was more of a(n)_than a reality. A、illusion B、d

48、emonstration C、illustration D、reputation【正確答案】A【答案解析】本題考查詞義辨析。句意：他告訴我們的更可能是幻想而不是現(xiàn)實(shí)?？疾槊~詞義。A 幻想，錯(cuò)誤觀念；B 演示，證明；C 圖解，實(shí)例；D 名聲，名譽(yù)。第31題【單選題】【完成句子】The importance of particular metals in the human diet has been realized within the past few decades, and the idea that geology might be related to health has bee

49、n recognized for a number of elements such as iodine, zinc and selenium. For example, soils with low iodine contents produce crops, and animals deficient in iodine. A lack of iodine in the human diet leads to some serious diseases.Some serious diseases is connected with deficiency of _. A、industrial

50、ly polluted soils B、the element of iodine C、rock and soil chemistry D、the persistence of heavy metals【正確答案】B【答案解析】通過(guò)關(guān)鍵詞Some serious diseases，可將題目定位于最后一句話(huà)：A lack of iodine in the human diet leads to some serious diseases. deficiency of和lack of表達(dá)同樣的意思“缺乏、缺少”，因此根據(jù)這句話(huà)可以判斷答案為B。第32題【單選題】【2009.04】The concl

51、usion from the study is not definite; it is just _. A、tentative B、valid C、technical D、thorough【正確答案】A【答案解析】譯文：這項(xiàng)研究的結(jié)論不是一定的；它只是試探性的。試題分析：形容詞詞義選擇題。詳細(xì)解答：A 不確定的、試探性的；B 正當(dāng)?shù)?、有根?jù)的、有效的；C 技術(shù)性的、專(zhuān)門(mén)技術(shù)的；D 徹底的、十足的。第33題【單選題】【概括大意】Many of lifes failures, the supreme innovator said, are people who did not realize ho

52、w close they were to success when they gave up. Before that magical moment in October 1879, Edison had worked out no fewer than 3,000 theories about electric light, but in only two cases did his experiments work.The main idea of this paragraph is_. A、Importance of learning from failure B、Never a suc

53、cessful man gives up C、It is important to fail for a successful man D、EdisonS comment on failure【正確答案】D【答案解析】通過(guò)應(yīng)用部分可以看出這段文字的主題是愛(ài)迪生對(duì)失敗的評(píng)論。因此選擇D。第34題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】Secondary school had its own share of challenges. I was a tall kid and wasnt good at any sport, except looking. I loved basketball and tennis.

54、 The first day I held a racket, and I was disgraced by my opponent. He won six straight sets without sweat and there I was, sweating badly like Id run a marathon, whereas I hadnt even made a single point.Stanley was disgraced by his classmate in a _. A、basketball game B、tennis game C、marathon game D

55、、football game【正確答案】B【答案解析】答案選B。詞義理解和事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。通過(guò)關(guān)鍵詞disgrace，考生可迅速定位至本段，再通過(guò)本段的關(guān)鍵詞racket，可以判定正確答案是網(wǎng)球比賽。第35題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】Demands for stronger protection for wildlife in Britain sometimes hide the fact that similar needs are felt in the rest of Europe. Studies by the Council of Europe, of which 21 counties a

56、re members, have shown that 45 per cent of reptile（爬行類(lèi)的）species and 24 per cent of butterflies are in danger of dying out.Recent studies by the council of Europe have indicated that _. A、wildlife needs more protection only in Britain. B、all species of wildlife in Europe are in danger of dying out. C

57、、there are fewer species of reptiles and butterflies in Europe than elsewhere. D、many species of reptiles an butterflies in Europe need protecting.【正確答案】D【答案解析】答案選D。本段的第二個(gè)句子是這么說(shuō)的：有21個(gè)國(guó)家組成的歐洲委員會(huì)的研究表明，45%的爬行動(dòng)物和24%的蝴蝶瀕臨滅絕。由此可見(jiàn)，D是正確的答案。第36題【單選題】【2009.04】The conclusion from the study is not definite; it

58、is just _. A、tentative B、valid C、technical D、thorough【正確答案】A【答案解析】譯文：這項(xiàng)研究的結(jié)論不是一定的；它只是試探性的。試題分析：形容詞詞義選擇題。詳細(xì)解答：A 不確定的、試探性的；B 正當(dāng)?shù)?、有根?jù)的、有效的；C 技術(shù)性的、專(zhuān)門(mén)技術(shù)的；D 徹底的、十足的。第37題【單選題】【填句補(bǔ)文】Arms. How you hold your arms shows how open and receptive you are to people you meet. If you keep your arms to the sides of yo

59、ur body or behind your back, this suggests you are not afraid of taking on whatever comes your way. _. If someone upsets you, just cross your arms to show youre unhappy! A、Outgoing people generally use their arms with big movements, while quieter people keep them close to their bodies. B、If you ale

60、feeling down, you normally dont sit straight, with your shoulders inwards. C、However, it will probably still be noticed, and people will know youre not pleased. D、If you are pleased, you usually open your eyes wide and people can notice this.【正確答案】A【答案解析】本題可以采用線(xiàn)索詞來(lái)定位?？崭裉幍那昂髢蓚€(gè)句子都是對(duì)arms在具體情況下具體動(dòng)作的描述。那