上海市2021屆高考英語沖刺模擬試卷分類匯編：概要寫作專題 含答案

1、上海市2021年高考英語沖刺模擬試卷分類匯編概要寫作專題2021屆上海高考英語沖刺模擬試卷1Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.People are social creatures by nature, and so it is hardly surprising that

2、 some portion of their self-esteem comes from the approval of others. This instinct is why the approval of peers, and the fear of disapproval, is such a powerful force in many peoples lives.Despite the most common associations with the term peer, peer pressure is not always negative. A student whose

3、 friends do extremely well in academics may be obliged to study harder and get good grades. Players on a sports team may feel driven to play harder in order to help the team win. This type of influence may even get a friend off drugs, or help an adult take up a good habit or drop a bad one. Study gr

4、oups, class projects, and even book clubs are examples of positive peer groups that encourage people to better themselves.However, for certain individuals, seeking social acceptance is so important that it becomes like an addiction. In order to fit in, they may go so far as to abandon their sense of

5、 right and wrong. Groups of children may join in bullying newcomers in school. Teens and young adults may feel obliged to use drugs or alcohol, or join gangs that encourage criminal behavior. Mature adults may sometimes feel pressured to cover up illegal activity at the company where they work, or e

6、nd up in debt because they are unable to resist the temptation to buy a house or car that they cant afford in an effort to keep up with the Joneses.There is no question that some people are more easily affected by peer pressure than others. Being self-aware is at the root of managing this type of pr

7、essure. Going with the flow is not always a bad thing, but as each individual is still responsible for the consequences, it is important to be a thinking participant in the decision.To seek social approval is the source of peer pressure. Positive peer pressure pushes people to do better academically

8、 and athletically because peers either set good examples or create uplifting environment. However, peer pressure sometimes makes people lose moral principles and turn to illegal activities like bullying or selling drugs. Raising self-awareness may help fight against negative peer pressure.本文屬于一篇結(jié)構(gòu)清晰

9、的說明文。從文章的整體不難看出本文的說明對象：人類與大自然的相互影響，第一段二段提出了和細化了問題，接下來的每一段闡述了具體形式，將每段的原因說明清楚并用自己的語言加以提煉，然后用相應(yīng)的連詞組句成篇即可。2021屆上海高考英語沖刺模擬試卷2IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possi

10、ble.Heighten Your Appreciation of MusicMusic is such a fundamental part of human culture that it likely predates literacy the invention of the wheel, and even the musical note itself. While people generally know what kind of music they like-and what they dont -its possible to expand your appreciatio

11、n by learning new ways to listen. Here are some tips for cultivating sensitive awareness of musical elements. You might feel frightened picking up a guitar or sitting down at a piano-but learning an instrument can help you better understand how a song comes together and what role a specific type of

12、sound plays in the composition. Moreover, the movement and effort of a live performance can often focus your attention on parts of a song you may have otherwise missed. So the next time you hear a song - particularly a classical arrangement-try to imagine it being performed. Or, try to picture a sce

13、ne (a thunderstorm, a race) that best fits the mood and tempo (節(jié)奏) of piece. Its certainly not necessary to grab your favorite musicians biography in order to appreciate a good simple song. but it may help you better understand he context in which she wrote the lyrics or recorded a track. Researchin

14、g backgrounds can also lead you to discover social and political influences at the time the music was created.It could be hard to appreciate a warm day unless youve spent a winter freezing. Likewise, listening to music requires contrast that helps you better understand how organized and harmonious i

15、t can be. Listen to - dont just hear-common, everyday noises. While some may be irritating, others may have a melody all their own. Either way, youll return to a piece of music with a new respect for a focused, deliberate bit of sound.Therere ways to improve ones appreciation of music, an important

16、part of human culture. First, learning instruments helps one understand musical composition and live performances make one focus on the details. Secondly, background knowledge of a musician and his time helps one better understand his work. Finally, exposure to everyday noises can help with music ap

17、preciation by creating contrast. (60 words)2021屆上海高考英語沖刺模擬試卷3IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Living to 100Since the mid 1950s, life expectancy aroun

18、d the world has increased dramatically, and many scientists believe that this trend is likely to continue in the future. The main reason for the increase during this period was the decline in infant mortality (死亡). Fewer children died at an early age, and this was mainly because of improved healthca

19、re and better food production.Most experts believe that people will continue to live longer in the future because of medical advances. Researchers predict that at least half of the North American and Japanese babies born since the year 2000 will live to an age of 90, and ten percent to 100 years old

20、. Furthermore, new drugs are being developed which will slow down the ageing process. These will be available in a few years, and they will enable people to live 20 years longer.If the current older populations in many countries become healthier, wealthier and live longer, the trend will have import

21、ant consequences for people and governments. The cost of medical care for older people will rise, and governments will have to start thinking hard about how to fund state pensions for older citizens. Some people will want to keep on working later in their life, which could lead to changes in the age

22、 of retirement in many countries. Others would prefer to retire early to enjoy having more time for themselves. This will create business opportunities for companies in the leisure and entertainment industries and open up new segments of the market. The effect on the world population will be great.

23、Europes population has been in decline for several years now as people prefer to have fewer children and families tend to be smaller. However, “the population will not decline as anti-ageing drugs start to become widely available”, as an expert on population, Professor Shripad Tuljapurkar, says in h

24、is recently-released book.71：As health care and food production improved, more children could survive, lengthening peoples life expectancy. This trend is believed to continue thanks to development in medicine and anti-ageing drugs. If so, it will affect people and governments in many ways, like requ

25、iring more pensions for the elderly, postponing the retirement age, creating business opportunities in entertainment industry and increasing the population. (60 words)2021屆上海高考英語沖刺模擬試卷4IV. Summary Writing (10分)Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of t

26、he passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.e-learning: Hazy pastbetter future?How much of an effect does technology have on students learning? A significant one, it seems, according to experts. Currently available technologies, the most important of which are computer

27、s and the Internet, apparently provide a learning environment in which problem-solving and intellectual enquiry can flourish. The process of learning in the classroom may become significantly more effective as students can deal with information on the computer. Or so the theory goes. My own viewpoin

28、t is rather different, Im afraid.Computers have been around for two decades as part of school equipment. There are, of course, obstacles like costs to overcome, but its just a matter of time and effort. This is because schools have done what every organisation does when it sees an innovationit appli

29、es the innovation to its existing model, which adds cost but doesnt transform the standard classroom. We have, during that period, spent over $60 billion on them, but in my view they seem to have had little or no effect on learning in schools. Content is king and the mode of delivery is irrelevant.

30、If a teacher makes the subject matter interesting, it does not matter what, if any, equipment is used.However, change is on the horizon. I think student-centred learning will become the norm and transform education. Computers will pave the way for far more independent learning. Students who currentl

31、y dont have access to schools or teachers are now able to get online. They can study from home thanks to the fact that more learning programmes are being written for learners who are forced by their circumstances to be self-sufficient. This would prove especially beneficial in those areas of the wor

32、ld where quality education is limited or extremely expensive. Therefore, in a few years time we could have a completely different conversation about technology and its impact on learning. Although experts say modern technology has a significant effect on classroom learning, the writer holds a differ

33、ent view. Schools have invested much to apply computers in their classroom teaching, but it hasnt changed the classroom teaching because what teachers teach is more important. But computers make it possible for those with no access to school to study on their own.（60 words）2021屆上海高考英語沖刺模擬試卷5IV. Summ

34、ary Writing (10分)Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.sixty.Evenstsixty.Evencialsixty.Evenavesixty.Evenhesixty.Evenwomen.sixty.Evenesixty.Even century there has been a rema

35、rkable shortening of the proportion of a womans life spent in caring for the children. A woman marrying at the end of the nineteenth century would probably have been in her middle twenties and would be likely to have seven or eight children, of whom four or five lived till they were five years old.

36、By the time the youngest was fifteen, the mother would have been in her early fifties and would expect to live a further twenty years, during which custom, opportunity and health made it unusual for her to get paid work. Today women marry younger and have fewer children. Usually a womans youngest child will be fifteen when she is forty-five years and is likely to take paid work until retirement at sixty.Even while she has the care of children, her work is lightened by household appliances and convenience food