精品：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)初三英語(yǔ)九年級(jí)英語(yǔ)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),優(yōu)秀PPT成才系列

1、the Present Perfect Tense現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)助動(dòng)詞have (has)+過(guò)去分詞donepast now Yesterday , we cleaned the classroom.Now , the classroom is clean because we have cleaned it.用法1強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果或影響 1. My father bought many books for me yesterday . Now , I have a lot to read because _2. I saw this film last week.Now, I

2、know this film because I_.3. I did my homework yesterday. Now, I can give it to the teacher because I_my father has bought many books for me.have seen it before have done it.“仍然，還 ” 用在疑問(wèn)句和否定句中，放在句末。I havent read this book yet .Have you had breakfast yet ?already:Yet:“已經(jīng)”通常用于肯定句中,放在句中。 I have already

3、 read this book.有時(shí)，也用在疑問(wèn)句中表示驚訝。 Have you eaten up all the food already ?“從來(lái)不” 用在否定句中,放在句中。Is he famous ?I have never heard of him .evernever“曾經(jīng)”通常用于疑問(wèn)句和肯定句中,放在句中。 I have ever seen this film.Have you ever been to the USA ?“以前”用在完成時(shí)中，放在句末。have never read this kind of books before.justbefore“剛剛 ”用在陳述句中

4、,放在句中。 I have just bought a novel。She began to work in 2005.She still works here now. She has worked at this school for 3 years. now past I began to teach English at this school fiveyears ago.I have taught English at this school for five years.用法2：過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在。 1. I am a doctor. I began to work wh

5、en I was 22.Now , I am 26. I _ for four years.2. We went to the USA last Monday. Today is Monday . We _ (stay) in the USA since last Monday. have workedhave stayedsince and forThe woman has worked at this school for 2 years.( since two years ago)since 2 years agosince 1998since she came to the schoo

6、l)for + 時(shí)間段since+時(shí)間點(diǎn)for 2 years/a long time一、用for和since填空。_three hours_three oclock_two days_yesterday afternoon_I came here_last Sunday_a week_a long time_1997 _two weeks_three years ago _ last monthforsinceforsincesincesinceforforsinceforsincesince 1.Theyve known each other since_. A.1995 B. three

7、 years 2.Ive been interested in Chinese for_. A. last year B. one year 3. She has been a doctor for_. A. two years B.two years ago 4. Ive had a headache since_. A. I got up this morning B. five hours 5. Weve been here for_. A. one hour B. one oclock AABAB6. My parents have owned this house for_. A.

8、a long time B. many years ago7. Theyve been in love since_. A. last spring B. three months8. We have known each other since_. A. one year B. last year9. -How long have you been like this? -Since_. A.last night B. two days10.-How long has she worked here? -She has worked here for_. A. 1993 B. six yea

9、rsAABAB Exercise根據(jù)所給情況，用just,already或yet造句。1.After lunch you go to see a friend at her house.She saysWould you like something to eat? You say: No, thank you. _( have lunch )2.Joe goes out. Five minutes later,the phone rings and the caller says Can I speak to Joe? You say: Im afraid _.( go out )he ha

10、s just gone outIve just had lunch.3.You are eating in a restaurant this evening. The waiter thinks you have finished and starts to take your plate away.You say: Wait a moment !_ ( not / finish )4.You are going to a restaurant this evening.You phone to reserve(預(yù)定）a table. Later your friend says Shall

11、 I phone to reserve a table? You say: No,_ it (do)I havent finished it yet.I have already done 1.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)用來(lái)表示過(guò)去發(fā)生或已完成的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果,也就是說(shuō),動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)發(fā)生在過(guò)去但它的影響現(xiàn)在還存在. I have lost my wallet.(含義是:現(xiàn)在我沒(méi)有錢(qián)花了.) Jane has just had it.(含義是:簡(jiǎn)現(xiàn)在不餓了.) Michael has been ill.(含義是:現(xiàn)在仍然很虛弱) He has returned from abroad. (含義是

12、:現(xiàn)在已在此地) 2. 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)可以用來(lái)表示發(fā)生在過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作和狀態(tài),常與表示持續(xù)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用. 表示持續(xù)動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞多是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。I havent seen her these days.Mary has been ill for three days. I have lived here since 1998. 3. 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)往往同表示不確定的過(guò)去時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用,如already, yet, just, before, recently, still, lately等: He has already obtained a scholarship. I have

13、nt seen much of him recently (lately). We have seen that film before. Have they found the missing child yet ？4. 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)常常與表示頻度的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用,如often, sometimes, ever, never, twice, on several occasion等: Have you ever been to Beijing？ I have never heard of Bunny.I have used this pen only three times. George ha

14、s met that gentleman on several occasions. 5. 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)還往往可以同包括現(xiàn)在時(shí)間在內(nèi)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用,如now, now, just, today, this morning/week/month/year, up to these few days/weeks/months/years, up to present, so far等: Peter has written six papers so far. Man has now learned to release energy from the nucleus of the atom. The

15、re has been too much rain in San Francisco this year. Up to the present everything has been successful. 6. 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在之前已完成的動(dòng)作,雖然其效果或影響仍然存在但已不再繼續(xù),但是有一些現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的句子,在后面加上for+一段時(shí)間,則現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的動(dòng)作就表示延續(xù)性. Thomas has studied Russian. (現(xiàn)在不再學(xué)俄語(yǔ)) Thomas has studied Russian for three years. (=Thomas began to study Russi

16、an three years ago, and is still studying it now.(同第2點(diǎn)用法第一個(gè)例句) 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的“完成”和“未完成”用法7. 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)還可以用來(lái)表示過(guò)去的一個(gè)時(shí)間到現(xiàn)在這段時(shí)間內(nèi)重復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作. We have had four texts this semester. have (has) gone和have (has) been的區(qū)別1.have (has) gone表示“已經(jīng)去某地了”She has gone to Shanghai .(她可能已在去上海的路上，或已到上海，總之現(xiàn)在不在這里。)2.have (has) been表示“曾經(jīng)去過(guò)某地

17、”She has been to Shanghai three times.(她已經(jīng)不在上海，只說(shuō)明她曾經(jīng)去過(guò)。)非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞不能與時(shí)間段連用：go/come/begin/start/die/buy/borrow/sell/leave/arrive/receive/become等詞語(yǔ)是瞬間動(dòng)詞表示的動(dòng)作是一時(shí)的，不能延續(xù)，不能與for、since等表示一段時(shí)間的詞連用，也不能用于how long引導(dǎo)的疑問(wèn)句中。如不能說(shuō)：He has borrowed the book for two months.()但可以說(shuō)：He has kept the book for 2 months.或：It ha

18、s been 2 months since he borrowed the book. 或：Two months has passed since he borrowed the book. 這些瞬間動(dòng)詞常與它對(duì)應(yīng)的可以表示時(shí)間段的詞語(yǔ)進(jìn)行互換。becomebe borrowkeep buyhave begin (start)be on openbe open diebe dead leave-be away come-be here/in go outbe outjoin-be a member/be in begin to study-study注明：非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞在否定結(jié)構(gòu)中可用于現(xiàn)在完成

19、時(shí)態(tài)：I havent bought anything for two days.動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞的規(guī)則變化，在動(dòng)詞后加ed，規(guī)則變化有以下四種：原形+ed 如：worked,passed詞尾是e時(shí)，直接加d 如：likedlived若詞尾為“輔音字母加y”，則改y為i加ed。詞尾 為“元音字母+y”時(shí)，直接加d；如:playedstayedstudiedcried末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié)是，雙寫(xiě)最后一個(gè)輔音字母加ed. 如：stoppeddropped 動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞的規(guī)則變化不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式以及過(guò)去分詞巧記規(guī)律AAA: put put put letlet letABA: beco

20、mebecamebecomeABB: standstoodstoodABC: eat ateeatenAAAcost-cost-cost read-read-readput-put-put cut-cut-cutlet-let-let set-set-setbeat-beat-beat hit-hit-hit hurt-hurt-hurt spit-spit-spit rid-rid-rid一、原形、過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞的詞形和讀音都相同的單詞，結(jié)尾字母一般是t或d。特殊：動(dòng)詞read的過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞雖然詞形與原形一致，read-read-read，但發(fā)音分別是ri:d-red-red。 有些動(dòng)

21、詞的過(guò)去分詞與原形是一樣的:run-ran-runcome-came-come become-became-becomeovercome-overcame-overcomeABA原型過(guò)去式過(guò)去分詞例詞-eep-ept-eptkeep,sweep,sleep-ell-old-oldsell,tell-d-t-tlend,spend,send,build-ay-aid-aidsay,pay,lay-n-nt-ntburn,learn,mean-ee-e-e-meet,feed-ought-oughtbring,buy,fight,think-aught-aughtcatch,teachABB(含規(guī)

22、則動(dòng)詞)1.另有一些其它形式的變化。have (has)-had-had leave-left-leftlose-lost-lost make-made-madefeel-felt-felt spell-spelt-spelt stand-stood-stood2. 改變單詞中間元音字母。sit-sat-sat (babysit) win-won-wonshine-shone-shone hold-held-heldfind-found-found hear-heard-heardhang-hung (hanged)-hung (hanged)ABB(含規(guī)則動(dòng)詞)ABC原型過(guò)去式過(guò)去分詞例詞-

23、eak-oke-okenbreak,speak-eal-ole-olensteal-ear-ore-ornwear,bear,tear-ow（aw）-ew-owngrow,blow,know,throw,draw-i-a-u-sink,swim,drink,ring,sing,begin-i-o-ndrive,rise,ride,writeABC有些動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞是在原形詞尾加n或en，變成以en結(jié)尾的單詞。 take-took-taken give-gave-givenfall-fell-fallen eat-ate-eatenwrite-wrote-written speak-spoke-spokenfreeze-froze-frozen ride-rode-ridd