新視野大學英語預備級2 Unit1

1、1. What about your summer vocation?Winter vocationSleep, play computer, study sthIn /duringJust so soHe is on the trainWhat had happened in our country and all over the world in summer vocation?Disaster : flood stone-flood explosion gas can Flood forest fire safetyHorrible peacefulBack ground inform

2、ationQuestion1: Do you know what is “World Peace One”? WP1 是一個專為倡導世界和平的反戰(zhàn)組織，成立于2006年 專門譜寫了歌曲Give your love。 We are the world Alfred Nobel :A Man of PeaceDiscovery experimentExplosion explosive scientist chemist businessman inventor chemistryTrade in deathnationalitypicturesDiscussionA. Has there bee

3、n any Chinese people (including overseas Chinese) awarded the Nobel Prize? Name them and the awards they win.李政道(T.D.Lee,1926-) 1957年因發(fā)現(xiàn)弱相互作用下宇稱不守衡，從而導致有關基本粒子的重大發(fā)現(xiàn)獲諾貝爾物理學獎楊振寧(C.N.Yang,1922-) 1957年因發(fā)現(xiàn)弱相互作用下宇稱不守衡，從而導致有關基本粒子的重大發(fā)現(xiàn)獲諾貝爾物理學獎 B. Do you know the English name for the six awards? Listen to the

4、 following audio clip to find the answer.Listen to the audio clip and take down the name of the six awards.Question 2:Who is Alfred Noble? /alfred_nobel/biographical/articles/life-work/gradeschool.htmlAlfred Nobel (1833-1896) was a Swedish chemist and inventor. He was involved, with his family, in t

5、he development of explosives, and his invention of dynamite greatly improved the safety of explosives. He established a fund to provide annual awards, called Nobel Prizes, in the sciences, literature, and the promotion of international peace. These five awards were first given in 1901. A sixth award

6、, the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Science, was created and paid for in 1968 by Sveriges Riksbank, the Swedish national bank, and first awarded in 1969. Alfreds father was an engineer and inventor. Andriette Nobel, who came from a wealthy family When was Noble born?1833Why did Noble create his e

7、xplosive?He invented a detonator or blasting capdynamiteBorn 21 October 1833(1833-10-21)Died 10 December 1896 (aged63)Sanremo, ItalyOccupation Chemist, engineer, innovator, armaments manufacturer and inventor.Knownfor Invention of Nobel PrizeThe text 阿爾弗雷德諾貝爾（Alfred Nobel）（1833-1896年）發(fā)明炸藥致富富有的實業(yè)家：18

8、88年，一家法國報紙把他們倆搞混了，刊登出一則阿爾弗雷德的訃告。訃告稱他為“死亡商人1895年，他簽署了一份新遺囑。在一段不到200個瑞典語單詞的文字里，他表示要設立一個以他名字命名的獎項。該獎項將授予在物理學、化學、醫(yī)學、文學、和平事業(yè)領域“為人類帶來最大福祉的人但近年來一直在一千萬瑞典克朗（大約一百五十萬美元）左右。除了諾貝爾和平獎在奧斯陸頒發(fā)外，其它獎項于諾貝爾逝世紀念日十二月十日在斯德哥爾摩頒發(fā)。Alfred Noble: A Man of Peace1 The newspaper reported the death of Alfred Noble on April 13, 1888

9、. The newspaper called him a person who traded in death, because he had developed and sold explosives. August 27, 2010The twenty seventh of August In fact, Afred Nobels business had made him a very rich man. The newspaper story continued, giving Alfred Nobels age, nation, and other information about

10、 his business. However, the words about “trading in death” were all that the 55-year-old man read.III. Sentence Analysis 1. The newspaper story continued, giving Alfred Nobels age, nation, and other information about his business. (Para. 1) story: a report in a newspaper or news broadcast about a re

11、cent event （報紙或廣播中的）新聞報道Meaning: The newspaper story went on, telling readers how old Alfred Nobel was, where he was from and what he did for business. 中文翻譯：那家報紙繼續(xù)報道了他的年齡、國籍及其他有關他生意的信息。2. However, the words about “trading in death” were all that the 55-year-old man read. (Para. 1)Note: 這里that引導的是定語從

12、句，all是先行詞。當先行詞是all的時候，必須用that來引導定語從句。Meaning: the 55-year-old man was only concerned about the words about “trading in death”.中文翻譯：然而，這個55歲的人從報紙上看到的只有關于他“拿死亡做交易”的言辭。一家報紙報道說阿爾弗雷德諾貝爾死于1888年4月13日。 該報紙稱他是一個拿死亡做交易的人，因為他研制并銷售炸藥。 事實上，諾貝爾所經(jīng)營的生意使他成為一個大富翁。 那家報紙繼續(xù)報道，介紹了他的年齡、國籍及其他有關他的生意的信息。 然而，這位55歲的人從報紙上只看到了關于

13、他 做死亡生意的言辭。 2 Alfred Nobel put down the newspaper sadly. No, he wasnt deadhis brother Ludwig had died, and the French newspaper had made a mistake. All the same, Alfred Nobel was worried. Was this the way the world was going to remember him? He did not like that idea at all. It is dangerous to take

14、plane.He had spent his life(in) working for peace in the world, and hated war. He created his explosive to save liveslives that were lost because other explosives were dangerous to use. He wanted people to remember him as a man of peace.阿爾弗雷德諾貝爾放下報紙，一副悲傷的樣子。 不，他沒有死。去世的是他的哥哥盧德維格。那家法國報紙弄錯了。 盡管如此，諾貝爾還是

15、憂心忡忡。世人要以這種方式記住他嗎？ 他極其討厭對他的這種看法。 他畢生致力于世界和平事業(yè)，痛恨戰(zhàn)爭。 他發(fā)明那種炸藥是為了挽救生命，為了避免人們因使用其他危險炸藥而死亡。 他希望人們把他作為獻身于和平事業(yè)的人銘記在心。 3 Alfred Nobel invented his explosive at a perfect moment in time. Many countries were beginning to build roads through mountains, and needed a safe, strong explosive. Alfred Nobels explosi

16、ve was developed for such peaceful uses. He also thought that if all countries had the same great weapons, they would see how impossible wasthat any country fighting a war would surely be destroyed. There would be more wars. Many people of his day also thought this way.諾貝爾在最合適不過的時刻發(fā)明了他的炸藥。 當時，許多國家正開

17、始劈山修路，需要一種安全而爆破力很強的炸藥。 諾貝爾正是為了這樣的安全用途而研制出了他的那種炸藥。 他還想過，倘若所有國家都有同樣的威力極大的武器，那么各國會發(fā)現(xiàn)，戰(zhàn)爭是不可能的-任何打仗的國家必定會被毀滅。 世上將不再有戰(zhàn)爭。 當時，也有許多人是這樣想的。 4 Nobel was worried about the way the world looked at him, but he did not know what to do. He wanted to think of the best way for people to use his money after his death.

18、 Then, in 1985, a man made plans for a journey to the North Pole. Nobel read about the plan, and at last he knew what to do with his money. He decided that after he died, his money should be used for a prize to honor people who did great things in science, writing, and world peace. Men or women of a

19、ny country might receive the prize. 諾貝爾為人們對他的看法感到焦急不安，但他不知怎么做才好。 他要慎重考慮在他逝世后人們?nèi)绾尾拍茏詈玫厥褂盟倪z產(chǎn)。 1895年，有個人制定了前往北極考察的計劃。 諾貝爾看到了這個計劃。他終于知道該怎樣處理自己的錢財了。 他做出決定，在他去世之后，他的遺產(chǎn)應當用來獎勵那些在科學、文學和世界和平等領域做出過卓越貢獻的人們。 任何國家的人，不分男女，都可獲得這種獎勵。 5 Alfred Nobel died on December 10, 1896, at the age of 63. he was unmarried and h

20、ad no children. People all over the world wondered who was going to get Nobels money. They were very surprised when learned of Alfred Nobels plan to award prizes every year in the field of physics, chemistry, medicine, literature, and peace. The first Nobel Prizes were awarded in honor that a person

21、 could receive in these fields. In 1969, an award for economics was added. 阿爾弗雷德諾貝爾于1896年12月10日逝世，享年63歲。 他終身未婚，沒有子女。 全世界的人都想知道誰將繼承他的遺產(chǎn)。 當人們獲悉他的遺產(chǎn)安排時，都非常驚訝：諾貝爾生前決定，每年在物理學、化學、醫(yī)學、文學和和平領域給予獎勵。 最早的諾貝爾獎是在1901年授予的，這種獎勵不久便成為人們在上述領域所能獲得的最高榮譽。 1969年，諾貝爾獎增設了經(jīng)濟學獎。 6 The report of Alfred Nobels death had been a

22、mistake, but the decision that he made as a result finally gave him what he wanted. Alfred Nobel created the Nobel Prize, and now the world thinks him the way he wanted to be remembered: Alfred Nobel: a man of peace.3. but the decision that he made as a result finally gave him what he wanted. (Para.

23、 6)as a result: caused or produced by sth. else 作為結(jié)果，結(jié)果是Meaning: but as a result of the wrong report his decision gave him what he wanted at last.中文翻譯：但是他因此做出的決定最終使他如愿以償。4. now the world thinks of him the way he wanted to be remembered (Para. 6)Meaning: now people think of him as the kind of man tha

24、t he wanted them to remember 中文翻譯：現(xiàn)在，全世界按照他所希望的方式懷念他，銘記他諾貝爾去世的報道是個錯誤。但是他因此做出的決定最終使他如愿以償。 阿爾弗雷德諾貝爾創(chuàng)立了諾貝爾獎?，F(xiàn)在，全世界的人按照他所希望的評價懷念他，銘記他：阿爾弗雷德諾貝爾，一個致力于和平事業(yè)的人。 ExercisesIII1.death 2. continued 3. trade 4. create 5. information 6. spend 7. destroyed 8. wonderexercisesTranslation1. 據(jù)報道，他非常富有，是做武器交易的。(trade in

25、)“據(jù)報道”可以用It is reported that 來翻譯。武器交易可以用題中給出的trade in, 譯成trade in weapons。據(jù)報道后面跟兩個從句，注意重復連接詞that。Its reported that he is very rich and that he is a man who trades in weapons.2 任何國家的人，無論男女，都應反對戰(zhàn)爭，因為戰(zhàn)爭會毀滅國家。(destroy)反對：be against Men or women of any country should be against war as it can destroy the

26、country. 3. 人們稱諾貝爾是一個致力于和平事業(yè)的人和一個富有愛心的人。 (a man full of)“稱為”可用課文中學的動詞call。People call Nobel a man of peace and a man full of love.4. 在雨季渡過那條河非常危險。(cross the river)“雨季”譯成 the raining seasonto cross the river 是個動詞不定式短語，因此翻譯時可用it做形式主語。It is very dangerous to cross the river during the raining season.5.

27、 他不知所措，因為對他來說開山修路是件新鮮事。(build roads through mountains)不知所措可譯成did not know what to do，動詞不定式短語的處理同上。He did not know what to do, as it was new to build roads through mountains.EC1. Alfred Nobel invented his explosive at a perfect moment in time.注意perfect的翻譯諾貝爾在最合適不過的時刻發(fā)明了他的炸藥。2. He wanted to think of t

28、he best way for people to use his money after his death。think of 的翻譯，death這里不能直譯為“死亡”，注意選詞。他要考慮在他逝世后讓人們用佳方式使用他的遺產(chǎn)。3. The world thinks of him the way he wanted to be remembered: Nobel, a man of peace.注意to be remembered是被動態(tài)全世界按照他所希望的方式懷念他，銘記他：諾貝爾，一個致力于和平事業(yè)的人。4. He decided that after he died, his money

29、 should be used for a prize to honor people who did great things in science, writing, and world peace.結(jié)合整個句子的語境，writing應譯為“文學”他做出決定，在他去世之后，他的遺產(chǎn)應當用來獎勵那些在科學、文學和世界和平等領域做出卓越貢獻的人。5. The first Nobel Prizes were awarded in l90l, and they very soon became the greatest honor that a person could receive in th

30、ese fields.Nobel Prizes是個專有名詞，the greatest honor應結(jié)合漢語的表達習慣，譯為“最高榮譽”。最早的諾貝爾獎是在1901年授予的，這個獎項不久便成為人們在上述領域所能獲得的最高榮譽。Grammar英語中有兩種語態(tài)：主動語態(tài) (active voice) 和被動語態(tài) (passive voice)。一般來說，主動語態(tài)表示主動意義，被動語態(tài)表示被動意義。然而，主動語態(tài)有時也可用來表示被動意義。 不定式的主動語態(tài)表示被動意義往往用在SVC (adj. + inf.)句型，即 “主語+動詞+主語補語”句型，其中的主語補語由“形容詞+不定式”構成。用于這一句型的形容詞較常見的有easy, hard, difficult, good, comfortable, possible, i