國(guó)際貿(mào)易實(shí)務(wù)雙語(yǔ)教程Chapter1InternationalTradeTermsandCustoms課件

1、全國(guó)高等院校“十一五”規(guī)劃教材省級(jí)精品課程教材 國(guó)際貿(mào)易實(shí)務(wù)雙語(yǔ)教程對(duì)外經(jīng)貿(mào)大學(xué)出版社傅龍海 叢曉明 主編International Trade Practice國(guó)際貿(mào)易實(shí)務(wù) Chapter 1International Trade Terms and Customs國(guó)際貿(mào)易術(shù)語(yǔ)與國(guó)際貿(mào)易慣例Trade Terms and CustomsFOB, CFR and CIFFCA, CPT and CIPEXW and FASDAT, DAP and DDPCase studyAppendix 1.1 Trade Terms and CustomsDefinitions and functions

2、 of international trade terms 概念與作用DefinitionTrade terms, also called price terms or price conditions, are abbreviations of letters or words specifying specific certain liabilities, costs and risks between the seller and buyer.Functionsimplify dealing procedures improving efficiency 1.1 Trade Terms

3、and CustomsInternational trade customs 國(guó)際貿(mào)易慣例Definition 概念universally recognized customary ways of doing business and explanation evolving in the long process of trade development and has been compiled by relative international organizations into rules and regulations which are acquainted, recognize

4、d and adopted by many trading organizations in most countries. 1.1 Trade Terms and CustomsInternational trade customs 國(guó)際貿(mào)易慣例Nature 性質(zhì)not compulsory 不具有法律強(qiáng)制性both parties are subject to it 約束雙方binding force 約束力contract to be followed if conflict exist 合同優(yōu)先different clause could be made 契約至上契約自由 1.1 Tr

5、ade Terms and CustomsInternational trade customs 國(guó)際貿(mào)易慣例Three main international rules 三個(gè)主要慣例“WARSAW-OXFORD RULES 1932” 1932年華沙牛津規(guī)則Revised American foreign trade definition 1941 1941年美國(guó)對(duì)外貿(mào)易定義修訂本INCOTERMS 2010 2010年國(guó)際貿(mào)易術(shù)語(yǔ)解釋通則INCOTERMS 20102010年國(guó)際貿(mào)易術(shù)語(yǔ)解釋通則Feature 特點(diǎn)most widely used international practic

6、esmost influential international practicesmost important international practicespublished by ICCall trade terms in this textbook are subject to itINCOTERMS 20102010年國(guó)際貿(mào)易術(shù)語(yǔ)解釋通則Update of INCOTERMS 通則的更新 INCOTERMS 1990 consists 13 trade rulesINCOTERMS 2000 groups the 13 rules into 4 categoriesINCOTERMS

7、 2010 updates and consolidates the delivered rules， reducing the total number of rules from 13 to 11.INCOTERMS 20102010年國(guó)際貿(mào)易術(shù)語(yǔ)解釋通則INCOTERMS 2010 presents 11 rules in two distinct classes:Rules for any mode or modes of transportation適用于任何運(yùn)輸方式或多種運(yùn)輸方式的術(shù)語(yǔ)EXW、FCA、CPT、CIP、DAT、DAP and DDPRules for sea and

8、inland waterway transportation適用于海運(yùn)及內(nèi)河水運(yùn)的術(shù)語(yǔ) FAS、FOB、CFR and CIF 1.2 FOB, CFR and CIF 裝運(yùn)港交貨的三種常用貿(mào)易術(shù)語(yǔ)Among the 11 trade terms, FOB, CFR and CIF are the most commonly used terms. Nowadays, they are used as trade terms for symbolic delivery.Symbolic delivery creates a new epoch of international trade.FO

9、B, CFR and CIF are classified into one group as they are alike in characters . 1.2 FOB, CFR and CIF 裝運(yùn)港交貨的三種常用貿(mào)易術(shù)語(yǔ)Similar characters 共同規(guī)律Used for port-to-port waterway transportationPlace of delivery-on board a ship in the export countryRisks on seller until the goods are on board the vessel in the

10、export countryDocuments is the core of selling and buying Risks transferred to buyer once the seller delivers the goods on board the vessel.Shipment contracts, the seller assure punctual shipment but and disregard arriving time. FOBFree on Board （ named port of shipment) “裝運(yùn)港船上交貨”“離岸價(jià)”“船上交貨” Definit

11、ion The seller is responsible for shipping the contracted goods on board the ship dominated by the buyer at the port of shipment within specific period and bearing all costs and risks before the goods are on board the vessel.FOBFree on Board （ named port of shipment) “裝運(yùn)港船上交貨”“離岸價(jià)”“船上交貨”O(jiān)bligations

12、買(mǎi)賣(mài)雙方義務(wù)The Sellers Obligations The Buyers Obligations Some points for attention about FOBFOBFree on Board （ named port of shipment) “裝運(yùn)港船上交貨”“離岸價(jià)”“船上交貨”The Sellers Obligations 賣(mài)方義務(wù)a. Ship the goods on board the ship at port of shipment within due time and notify the buyer promptlyb. All costs and ris

13、ks before the goods are loaded on board the ship c. Clear export customs and provide related documents and certificatesd. Provide related shipping documents or EDI electronic informationFOBFree on Board （ named port of shipment) “裝運(yùn)港船上交貨”“離岸價(jià)”“船上交貨”The Buyers Obligations 買(mǎi)方義務(wù)a. Book space and pay th

14、e freight and notify the seller sailing date and name of sailing vesselb. Bear all costs and risks after the goods are loaded on board the shipc. Accept related documents provided by the seller and pay duly according to the contractFOBFree on Board （ named port of shipment) “裝運(yùn)港船上交貨”“離岸價(jià)”“船上交貨”Some

15、points for attention about FOB 要注意的幾個(gè)問(wèn)題The cancellation of the concept “cross the rail” “船舷為界”概念的取消Shipping charges 關(guān)于FOB的裝船費(fèi)用CIF Cost Insurance and Freight (.Named port of Destination) 成本加保費(fèi)、運(yùn)費(fèi)（指定目的港）Definition 概念 The seller is responsible for booking space and delivering the goods on board the ves

16、sel sailing for the destination in due time according to the contract and covering the risks and expenses during carriage. The risks of loss or damage to the goods passes when the goods are on board the vessel.CIF Cost Insurance and Freight (.Named port of Destination) 成本加保費(fèi)、運(yùn)費(fèi)（指定目的港）Obligations 買(mǎi)賣(mài)雙

17、方義務(wù)The Sellers Obligations The Buyers Obligations Some points for attention about FOBCIF Cost Insurance and Freight (.Named port of Destination) 成本加保費(fèi)、運(yùn)費(fèi)（指定目的港）The Sellers Obligations 賣(mài)方義務(wù)Book shipping space and sign shipment contracts from designated port of shipment to destination; load the goods

18、on board the ship in contracted time and port and pay the freight; notify the buyer after shipment promptly. Bear all expenses and risks before the goods are on board the vessel at port of shipment.CIF Cost Insurance and Freight (.Named port of Destination) 成本加保費(fèi)、運(yùn)費(fèi)（指定目的港）The Sellers Obligations 賣(mài)方義

19、務(wù)Cover the insurance and pay insurance premium as the contract stipulates. Clear export customs and bear all relating risks and expenses; get export license or other official permission documents. Provide relating shipping documents, commercial invoices or equivalent eclectic information or e-docume

20、nts.CIF Cost Insurance and Freight (.Named port of Destination) 成本加保費(fèi)、運(yùn)費(fèi)（指定目的港）The Buyers Obligations 買(mǎi)方義務(wù)All expenses and risks after the goods delivered on board at port of shipment. Accept related documents provided by the seller and take delivery the goods and pay for them. Clear import customs

21、at port of destination; bear all expenses and risks; get import license or other official permissions.CIF Cost Insurance and Freight (.Named port of Destination) 成本加保費(fèi)、運(yùn)費(fèi)（指定目的港）Some points for attention about CIF 要注意的問(wèn)題Insurance coverage保險(xiǎn)險(xiǎn)別問(wèn)題Booking shipping space by the seller賣(mài)方租船訂艙問(wèn)題Symbolic deli

22、very象征性交貨問(wèn)題CFR Cost and Freight (.Named Port of Destination）成本加運(yùn)費(fèi)（指定目的港）DefinitionThe seller is responsible for booking space and delivering the goods on board the vessel sailing for the destination in due time according to the contract and covering the risks and expenses during carriage(the risks a

23、re transferred when goods are delivered on board).CFR Cost and Freight (.Named Port of Destination）成本加運(yùn)費(fèi)（指定目的港）Obligations 雙方義務(wù)Except that the insurance is covered by the buyer, both parties obligations are just the same as that of CIF.CFR Cost and Freight (.Named Port of Destination）成本加運(yùn)費(fèi)（指定目的港）Som

24、e points for attention 注意事項(xiàng)The seller shall dispatches shipping notice promptly to facilitate the buyers insurance covering and if the buyer fails to cover insurance and suffers losses as a result of the sellers late notice, the seller is responsible.Contracts under CFR belong to shipment contracts.

25、 1.3 FCA, CPT and CIP向承運(yùn)人交貨的三種貿(mào)易術(shù)語(yǔ)These three trade terms are used when the exporter delivers the goods to the carrier. Five common characters 1.3 FCA, CPT and CIP向承運(yùn)人交貨的三種貿(mào)易術(shù)語(yǔ)Five common charactersSuitable for any means of transportPlace of shipment in exporting countryRisk is transferred at port o

26、f shipmentDeliver at shipping port in the exporting country.Contracts signed as per these three rules are all shipping contracts. FCA Free Carrier (.Named Place) 貨交承運(yùn)人（指定地點(diǎn)）Definition The seller delivers the goods, cleared for export, to the carrier nominated by the buyer at the named place and the

27、buyer concludes shipping contract on his own expense and notify the seller promptly. FCA Free Carrier (.Named Place) 貨交承運(yùn)人（指定地點(diǎn)）Characteristics 特點(diǎn)Place of delivery: the exporting country or portRisk transfer: the buyer bears all risks and any costs occurring after the goods have been deliveredCarrie

28、r: any one actually fulfills the obligation of shipment or the shipping agentFCA Free Carrier (.Named Place) 貨交承運(yùn)人（指定地點(diǎn)）FCA and FOBCommon points 相同點(diǎn)The buyer is responsible for shipment and covering insurance and the contracted price does not include shipping charges or insurance premiumPort of load

29、ing is the place of deliveryContracts under these two terms are shipment contracts but not sales contractFCA Free Carrier (.Named Place) 貨交承運(yùn)人（指定地點(diǎn)）FCA and FOBDifferences 不同點(diǎn)ItemFOB FCATransport port-to-port marine shipmentall means of transport Places of delivery on board the ship at port of loadin

30、gfree carrier to a named placeRisks transfers when the goods are on board the vessel when the goods are delivered to the carrier Trade termsymbolic deliveryCPT Carriage Paid To (.Named Place of Destination) 運(yùn)費(fèi)付至（指定目的地）DefinitionThe seller delivers the goods to the carrier nominated by him and the se

31、ller must in addition pay the cost of carriage necessary to bring the goods to the named destination and notify the buyer promptly. CPT Carriage Paid To (.Named Place of Destination)運(yùn)費(fèi)付至（指定目的地）Some points for attention 應(yīng)當(dāng)注意的問(wèn)題Risk Transfer 風(fēng)險(xiǎn)劃分的界限Allocation of Obligation and Costs 責(zé)任和費(fèi)用劃分的問(wèn)題CPT Carr

32、iage Paid To (.Named Place of Destination)運(yùn)費(fèi)付至（指定目的地）Comparison of CPT and CFR 異同點(diǎn)Common points相同點(diǎn)In both terms, the seller is obliged to arrange transport to the destination and bear related costs while the buyer covers insurance on himself.Same delivery termsShip at port of shipment.Contracts unde

33、r both terms are shipment contractsCPT Carriage Paid To (.Named Place of Destination)運(yùn)費(fèi)付至（指定目的地）CFR and CPTDifferences 不同點(diǎn)ItemCFR CPTTransport port-to-port marine shipmentall means of transport Places of delivery on board the ship in port of shipment in the exporting country to the carrierRisks tran

34、sfers when the goods are on board the vessel in port of shipment in the exporting countrywhen the goods are delivered to the carrier in the exporting countryCIP Carriage Insurance Paid to (Named Place of Destination) 運(yùn)費(fèi)、保險(xiǎn)費(fèi)付至（指定目的地）DefinitionThe seller contracts for insurance and pay the insurance p

35、remium for the carriage of the goods in addition to whatever should be covered and the transfer of risk happens when the seller delivers the goods to the carrier he chooses.CIP Carriage Insurance Paid to (Named Place of Destination) 運(yùn)費(fèi)、保險(xiǎn)費(fèi)付至（指定目的地）Comparison of CIF and CIP 異同點(diǎn)Common points 相同點(diǎn)The co

36、ntract price includesshipping chargesinsurance premiumThe seller arrangestransport to port of destination pay for related shipping chargespay for insurance premiumPlace of deliveryShipment contractsCIP Carriage Insurance Paid to (Named Place of Destination) 運(yùn)費(fèi)、保險(xiǎn)費(fèi)付至（指定目的地）CIF and CIPDifferences 不同點(diǎn)I

37、temCIF CIPTransport ocean marine transportmulti-modal transportPlaces of delivery on board the ship in port of shipment to the carrier in the exporting countryRisks transfers when goods are on board the vesselwhen the goods are delivered to the carrierInsurance purely ocean transport insurance not o

38、nly involve transport insurance but also inland or airway insurance DeliverySymbolic delivery 1.4 EXW and FAS出口國(guó)交貨的其他貿(mào)易術(shù)語(yǔ)EXW EX Works( named place)中譯名：工廠交貨（指定地點(diǎn)）FAS Free alongside ship (named place of shipment)中譯名：裝運(yùn)港船邊交貨 （指定裝運(yùn)港）EXW EX Works ( named place)工廠交貨（指定地點(diǎn)）DefinitionThe seller delivers when

39、 it places the goods at the disposal of the buyer at the sellers premises or at another named place (i.e., works, factory, warehouse, etc.). The seller does not need to load the goods on any collecting vehicles, nor does it need to clear the goods for export, where such clearance is applicable. EXW

40、EX Works ( named place)工廠交貨（指定地點(diǎn)）Characteristics 特點(diǎn)The buyer has to bear all costs and risks, and handle all necessary procedures from the moment he agrees to accept the goods or to take delivery of the goods.This term imposes on the seller the minimum obligations, costs and risks.EXW is widely used

41、 in any means of transport.The buyer is obliged to clear export customs.FAS Free alongside ship (named place of shipment)裝運(yùn)港船邊交貨 （指定裝運(yùn)港）DefinitionThe seller places the goods alongside the vessel nominated by the buyer at the named port of shipment to fulfill his delivery obligation under this term.F

42、AS Free alongside ship (named place of shipment)裝運(yùn)港船邊交貨 （指定裝運(yùn)港）Allocation of Risks and Costs 風(fēng)險(xiǎn)與費(fèi)用劃分The seller bears all costs (including shipping charges, charges for transshipment and losses or damages of the goods) and risks of transporting the goods alongside the ship. When the goods are alongsi

43、de the ship, costs and risks are transferred to the buyer.FAS Free alongside ship (named place of shipment)裝運(yùn)港船邊交貨 （指定裝運(yùn)港）Comparison of FOB and FAS 異同點(diǎn)Common points 相同點(diǎn)Both are used in port-to-port ocean marine transportThe buyer arranges transport, covers insurance and bears shipping charges and in

44、surance premium.FAS Free alongside ship (named place of shipment)裝運(yùn)港船邊交貨 （指定裝運(yùn)港）FOB and FASDifferences 不同點(diǎn)ItemFOB FASPlaces of delivery on board the ship alongside the shipRisks transfers when goods are on board the vesselwhen the goods are alongside the shipObligation The seller is responsible for

45、loading the goods the seller is free from shipping charges Deliverysymbolic delivery physical deliveryFAS Free alongside ship (named place of shipment)裝運(yùn)港船邊交貨 （指定裝運(yùn)港）Different definition under American trade terms 與美國(guó)對(duì)外貿(mào)易定義的區(qū)別In AmericaIn INCOTERMS 2010free along sidefree alongside shipused in any m

46、eans of transportationused in ocean marine transportation1.5 DAT, DAP and DDP目的地交貨的各種貿(mào)易術(shù)語(yǔ)The common points of these terms 共同點(diǎn)The seller shall deliver the goods to the buyer in the importing countryUsed in physical deliveryRisks transfer when the buyer takes hold of the goods in the importing country

47、All are arrival contractsThe seller shall bear shipping charges and insurance premiumsDAT Delivered at Terminal (named terminal at port or place of destination)運(yùn)輸終端交貨(指定港口或目的地的運(yùn)輸終端)Definition“Delivered at Terminal” means that the seller delivers when the goods, once unloaded from the arriving means

48、of transport, are placed at the disposal of the buyer at a named terminal at the named port of place of destination.DAT Delivered at Terminal (named terminal at port or place of destination)運(yùn)輸終端交貨(指定港口或目的地的運(yùn)輸終端)Obligations 雙方義務(wù)The Sellers Obligations 賣(mài)方義務(wù)The Buyers Obligations買(mǎi)方義務(wù)DAT Delivered at Te

49、rminal (named terminal at port or place of destination)運(yùn)輸終端交貨(指定港口或目的地的運(yùn)輸終端)The Sellers Obligations 賣(mài)方義務(wù)provide the goods, the commercial invoice and any other evidenceLicenses, authorizations, security clearances and other formalities 許可證、授權(quán)、安檢通關(guān)和其他手續(xù) Contract of carriage 關(guān)于運(yùn)輸 Contract of insurance

50、 關(guān)于保險(xiǎn) Delivery 交貨DAT Delivered at Terminal (named terminal at port or place of destination)運(yùn)輸終端交貨(指定港口或目的地的運(yùn)輸終端)The Sellers Obligations 賣(mài)方義務(wù)Transfer of risks 風(fēng)險(xiǎn)轉(zhuǎn)移Allocation of costs 費(fèi)用劃分Notice to the buyer 通知買(mǎi)方Delivery document 交貨憑證Checking-packaging-marking 查對(duì)-包裝-標(biāo)記Assistance with information and r

51、elated costs 協(xié)助提供信息及相關(guān)費(fèi)用DAT Delivered at Terminal (named terminal at port or place of destination)運(yùn)輸終端交貨(指定港口或目的地的運(yùn)輸終端)The Buyers Obligations 買(mǎi)方義務(wù)The buyer must pay the price of the goods as provided in the contract of sale. The buyer must obtain, at its own risk and expense, any import license or o

52、ther official authorization and carry out all customs formalities for the import of the goods. Contract of carriage 關(guān)于運(yùn)輸Contract of Insurance關(guān)于保險(xiǎn)DAT Delivered at Terminal (named terminal at port or place of destination)運(yùn)輸終端交貨(指定港口或目的地的運(yùn)輸終端)The Buyers Obligations 買(mǎi)方義務(wù)Taking delivery 收取貨物Transfer of r

53、isks 風(fēng)險(xiǎn)轉(zhuǎn)移Allocation of Costs 費(fèi)用劃分Notice to the seller 通知賣(mài)方Proof of delivery 交貨憑證Inspection of goods 貨物檢驗(yàn)Assistance with information and related costs 協(xié)助提供信息及相關(guān)費(fèi)用DAP Delivered at Place(insert named place of destination)目的地交貨（插入指定目的地）Definition“Delivered at Place” means that the seller delivers when t

54、he goods are placed at the disposal of the buyer on the arriving means of transport ready for unloading at the named place of destination.The seller bears all risks involved in bringing the goods to the named place. DAP Delivered at Place(insert named place of destination)目的地交貨（插入指定目的地）Obligations 雙

55、方義務(wù)The Sellers Obligations 賣(mài)方義務(wù)The Buyers Obligations買(mǎi)方義務(wù)DAP Delivered at Place(insert named place of destination)目的地交貨（插入指定目的地）The Sellers Obligations 賣(mài)方義務(wù)provide the goods, the commercial invoice and any other evidenceLicenses, authorizations, security clearances and other formalities 許可證、授權(quán)、安檢通關(guān)和

56、其他手續(xù) Contract of carriage 關(guān)于運(yùn)輸 Contract of insurance 關(guān)于保險(xiǎn) Delivery 交貨DAP Delivered at Place(insert named place of destination)目的地交貨（插入指定目的地）The Sellers Obligations 賣(mài)方義務(wù)Transfer of risks 風(fēng)險(xiǎn)轉(zhuǎn)移Allocation of costs 費(fèi)用劃分Notice to the buyer 通知買(mǎi)方Delivery document 交貨憑證Checking-packaging-marking 查對(duì)-包裝-標(biāo)記Assis

57、tance with information and related costs 協(xié)助提供信息及相關(guān)費(fèi)用DAP Delivered at Place(insert named place of destination)目的地交貨（插入指定目的地）The Buyers Obligations 買(mǎi)方義務(wù)The buyer must pay the price of the goods as provided in the contract of sale. The buyer must obtain, at its own risk and expense, any import license

58、or other official authorization and carry out all customs formalities for the import of the goods. Contract of carriage 關(guān)于運(yùn)輸Contract of Insurance關(guān)于保險(xiǎn)DAP Delivered at Place(insert named place of destination)目的地交貨（插入指定目的地）The Buyers Obligations 買(mǎi)方義務(wù)Taking delivery 收取貨物Transfer of risks 風(fēng)險(xiǎn)轉(zhuǎn)移Allocation

59、of Costs 費(fèi)用劃分Notice to the seller 通知賣(mài)方Proof of delivery 交貨憑證Inspection of goods 貨物檢驗(yàn)Assistance with information and related costs 協(xié)助提供信息及相關(guān)費(fèi)用DDPDelivered Duty Paid (insert named place of destination)完稅后交貨（插入指定目的地）Definition“Delivered Duty Paid” means that the seller delivers the goods when the goods

60、 are placed at the disposal of the buyer, cleared for import on the arriving means of transport ready for unloading at the named place of destination. The seller bears all the costs and risks involved in bringing the goods to the place of destination and has an obligation to clear the goods not only