oracle10g英文原廠培訓(xùn)asm

1、Automatic Storage ManagementObjectivesAfter completing this lesson, you should be able to:Describe the concepts of Automatic Storage Management (ASM)Set up initialization parameter files for ASM and database instancesExecute SQL commands with ASM file namesStart up and shut down ASM instancesAdminis

2、ter ASM disk groupsUse RMAN to migrate your database to ASMWhat Is Automatic Storage Management?Portable and high performancecluster file systemManages Oracle database filesData is spread across disksto balance loadIntegrated mirroring acrossdisksSolves many storage management challengesASMFileSyste

3、mVolumeManagerOperating SystemApplicationDatabaseASM Key Features and BenefitsStripes files, not logical volumesOnline disk reconfiguration and dynamic rebalancingAdjustable rebalancing speedProvide redundancy on a file basisASM only supports Oracle database filesCluster awareAutomatically installed

4、ASM ConceptsDatabaseTablespaceSegmentExtentOracleblockData filePhysicalBlockASMDisk GroupASM DiskASM FileAllocation UnitFile SystemFileorRaw DeviceASM General ArchitectureASM InstanceSID=antASM InstanceSID=beeASM DisksASM DisksASM DisksASM DisksASM DisksASM DisksASM Diskgroup TomASM Diskgroup DickAS

5、M Diskgroup HarryDB InstanceSID=salesDB InstanceSID=testDB InstanceSID=salesDB InstanceSID=testASMBASMBFGFGFGFGNode2Node1Group Servicestom=antdick=antharry=antGroup Services tom=beedick=beeharry=beeDBW0DBW0DBW0DBW0ASMBRBALRBALARB0ARBAARB0ARBAASMBRBALRBALRBALRBALASM Instance FunctionalitiesCREATE DIS

6、KGROUPALTER DISKGROUPDROP DISKGROUPALTER SYSTEM RESTRICTED SESSIONASMinstanceDatabase instanceASM Instance CreationASM Instance Initialization ParametersINSTANCE_TYPE = ASMDB_UNIQUE_NAME = +ASMASM_POWER_LIMIT = 1ASM_DISKSTRING = /dev/rdsk/*s2, /dev/rdsk/c1*ASM_DISKGROUPS = dgroupA, dgroupBLARGE_POOL

7、_SIZE = 8MBAccessing an ASM InstanceDisk groupDisk groupStorage systemAS SYSDBAAS SYSOPERASMinstanceAll operationsNondestructiveoperationsDynamic Performance View AdditionsStorage systemV$ASM_DISKGROUPV$ASM_CLIENTV$ASM_DISKV$ASM_FILEV$ASM_TEMPLATEV$ASM_ALIASV$ASM_OPERATIONDisk group ADisk group BASM

8、 Home PageASM Performance PageASM Configuration PageStarting Up an ASM Instance$ sqlplus /nologSQL CONNECT / AS sysdbaConnected to an idle instance.SQL STARTUP;ASM instance startedTotal System Global Area 147936196 bytesFixed Size 324548 bytesVariable Size 96468992 bytesDatabase Buffers 50331648 byt

9、esRedo Buffers 811008 bytesASM diskgroups mountedShutting Down an ASM InstanceSHUTDOWN NORMALASM InstanceDatabase Instance ADatabase Instance B1123ASM Disk GroupsA pool of disks managed asa logical unitPartitions total disk space into uniform sized unitsSpreads each file evenly across all disksUses

10、coarse or fine grain striping based on file typeAdminister disk groups not filesDisk GroupASMInstanceFailure GroupController 1Controller 2Failure group 1Failure group 2Disk group AController 3Failure group 317131713171317131713171317131713171323456Disk Group MirroringMirror at extent levelMix primar

11、y and mirror extents on each diskExternal redundancy:Defers to hardwaremirroringNormal redundancy: Two-way mirroringAt least two failure groupsHigh redundancy: Three-way mirroringAt least three failure groupsDisk Group Dynamic RebalancingAutomatic online rebalance wheneverstorage configurationchange

12、sOnly move data proportional to storage addedNo need for manual I/O tuningOnline migration tonew storageASM Administration PageCreate Disk Group PageCreate or Delete Disk GroupsCREATE DISKGROUP dgroupA NORMAL REDUNDANCY FAILGROUP controller1 DISK /devices/A1 NAME diskA1 SIZE 120G FORCE, /devices/A2,

13、 /devices/A3FAILGROUP controller2 DISK /devices/B1, /devices/B2, /devices/B3;DROP DISKGROUP dgroupA INCLUDING CONTENTS;Adding Disks to Disk GroupsALTER DISKGROUP dgroupA ADD DISK /dev/rdsk/c0t4d0s2 NAME A5, /dev/rdsk/c0t5d0s2 NAME A6, /dev/rdsk/c0t6d0s2 NAME A7, /dev/rdsk/c0t7d0s2 NAME A8;ALTER DISK

14、GROUP dgroupA ADD DISK /devices/A*;Disk formattingDisk group rebalancingMiscellaneous Alter CommandsALTER DISKGROUP dgroupA DROP DISK A5;ALTER DISKGROUP dgroupA DROP DISK A6 ADD FAILGROUP fred DISK /dev/rdsk/c0t8d0s2 NAME A9;ALTER DISKGROUP dgroupB REBALANCE POWER 5;ALTER DISKGROUP dgroupA UNDROP DI

15、SKS;ALTER DISKGROUP dgroupA DISMOUNT;ALTER DISKGROUP dgroupA CHECK ALL;Notes only slideMonitoring Long-Running Operations Using V$ASM_OPERATIONColumnDescriptionGROUP_NUMBERDisk groupOPERATIONType of operation: REBALSTATEState of operation: QUEUED or RUNNINGPOWERPower requested for this operationACTU

16、ALPower allocated to this operationSOFARNumber of allocation units moved so farEST_WORKEstimated number of remaining allocation unitsEST_RATEEstimated number of allocation units moved per minuteEST_MINUTESEstimated amount of time (in minutes) for operation terminationASM FilesDatabase FileASM File a

17、utomatically spread inside Disk Group dgroupACREATE TABLESPACE sample DATAFILE +dgroupA;12341234Automatic ASM fileCreationRMANASM FilenamesASM FilenameFully-qualified pletewithtemplateNumericAliasAlias withtemplate pleteReferenceSingle-fileCreationMultiple-fileCreationASM File Name Syntax1.2.3.4.5.6

18、.+/.+.+/+()+/()Notes only slideASM File Name MappingOracle File TypeDef TemplateControl filescontrolfileCF/BCFCONTROLFILEData filesdatafile_DATAFILEOnline logsonline_loglog_ONLINELOGArchive logsarchive_logparameterARCHIVELOGTemp filestemp_TEMPFILEData file backup piecesbackupsetClient SpecifiedBACKU

19、PSETData file incrementalbackup piecesbackupsetClient SpecifiedBACKUPSETArch log backup piecebackupsetClient SpecifiedBACKUPSETData file copydatafile_DATAFILEInitialization parametersinitspfilePARAMETERFILEBroker configurationsdrcdrcDATAGUARDCONFIGFlashback logsrlog_FLASHBACKChange tracking bitmapsC

20、TBBITMAPCHANGETRACKINGAuto backupAutoBackupClient SpecifiedAUTOBACKUPData Pump dump setDumpsetdumpDUMPSETCross-platform converted data filesXTRANSPORTASM File TemplatesSystem TemplateStripedExternal Normal High CONTROLFILEfineunprotected2-way mirror3-way mirrorDATAFILEcoarseunprotected2-way mirror3-

21、way mirrorONLINELOGfineunprotected2-way mirror3-way mirrorARCHIVELOGcoarseunprotected2-way mirror3-way mirrorTEMPFILEcoarseunprotected2-way mirror3-way mirrorBACKUPSETcoarseunprotected2-way mirror3-way mirrorXTRANSPORTcoarseunprotected2-way mirror3-way mirrorPARAMETERFILEcoarseunprotected2-way mirro

22、r3-way mirrorDATAGUARDCONFIGcoarseunprotected2-way mirror3-way mirrorFLASHBACKfineunprotected2-way mirror 3-way mirrorCHANGETRACKINGcoarseunprotected2-way mirror 3-way mirrorAUTOBACKUPcoarseunprotected2-way mirror3-way mirrorDUMPSETcoarseunprotected2-way mirror3-way mirrorUnprotected2-wayMirror3-way

23、MirrorALTER DISKGROUP dgroupA ADD TEMPLATE reliable ATTRIBUTES (MIRROR);ALTER DISKGROUP dgroupA DROP TEMPLATE reliable;ALTER DISKGROUP dgroupA DROP FILE +dgroupA.268.8675309;ALTER DISKGROUP dgroupA ADD DIRECTORY +dgroupA/mydir;ALTER DISKGROUP dgroupA ADD ALIAS +dgroupA/mydir/datafile.dbf FOR +dgroup

24、A.274.38745;ALTER DISKGROUP dgroupA DROP ALIAS +dgroupA/mydir/datafile.dbf;Template and Alias ExamplesRetrieving Aliases SELECT reference_index INTO :alias_idFROM V$ASM_ALIAS WHERE name = +dgroupA;SELECT reference_index INTO :alias_id FROM V$ASM_ALIASWHERE parent_index = :alias_id AND name = mydir;S

25、ELECT name FROM V$ASM_ALIAS WHERE parent_index = :alias_id;SQL Commands and File Naming CREATE CONTROLFILE DATABASE sample RESETLOGS ARCHIVELOGMAXLOGFILES 5 MAXLOGHISTORY 100MAXDATAFILES 10 MAXINSTANCES 2LOGFILE GROUP 1 (+dgroupA,+dgroupB) SIZE 100M, GROUP 2 (+dgroupA,+dgroupB) SIZE 100MDATAFILE +dg

26、roupA.261.12345678 SIZE 100MDATAFILE +dgroupA.262.87654321 SIZE 100M;DBCA and Storage OptionsDatabase Instance Parameter ChangesINSTANCE_TYPE = RDBMSLOG_ARCHIVE_FORMATDB_BLOCK_SIZEDB_CREATE_ONLINE_LOG_DEST_nDB_CREATE_FILE_DESTDB_RECOVERY_FILE_DESTCONTROL_FILESLOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_nLOG_ARCHIVE_DESTSTANDBY_ARCHIVE_DESTLARGE_POOL_SIZE = 8MBMigrating Your Database to ASM Storage1.Shut down your database cleanly2.Shutdown the database and modify your server parameter file to use Oracle Managed Files (