商務(wù)英語(yǔ)翻譯授課教案 第四單元

1、PAGE 第 頁(yè)章 序名 稱第四單元 增益翻譯法周 次第 4 周授課時(shí)間2017年9月11日至2017年9月17日教學(xué)目的要求1. 理解商務(wù)英語(yǔ)翻譯中的增益翻譯法2. 掌握商務(wù)英語(yǔ)翻譯中的增益翻譯法教學(xué)重點(diǎn)商務(wù)英語(yǔ)翻譯中的增益翻譯法教學(xué)難點(diǎn)商務(wù)英語(yǔ)翻譯中的增益翻譯法教學(xué)場(chǎng)所環(huán)境多媒體教室授 課方 式課堂講授（）； 實(shí)驗(yàn)（ ）； 實(shí)踐（ ）；雙語(yǔ)（ ）課時(shí)分配2教 學(xué)方 法課堂講授教學(xué)手段網(wǎng)絡(luò)教學(xué)（ ）； 多媒體（）教 學(xué)用 具黑板，課件，多媒體教學(xué)內(nèi)容提要備 注Review (5 mins)How to choose the proper meanings of words in busine

2、ss English translation?How to deal with polysemy in business English translation?Lead-in (5 mins)Exercisee.g. The integration of computer systems is indispensable in unifying documentation and also for such tasks as the placing of orders with factories, product delivery and information management.譯文

3、：在統(tǒng)一文件編制格式，實(shí)施諸如工廠訂單、貨物交付、信息管理等各項(xiàng)任務(wù)時(shí)，將不同的電腦系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行整合是必不可少的。Explaining (40 mins)這種在翻譯過(guò)程中通過(guò)增添一些必要成分使得譯文所表達(dá)的思想更為充分的方法叫做增益翻譯法（amplification）。Amplification, also called addition, means supplying necessary words in our translation on the basis of accurate comprehension of the original.It means some words in t

4、he target language are supplied for expressing smoothly the original in meaning, syntax and rhetoric.Notice:The words we add should be those necessary to the translation but may not necessary to the original.（一）語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)性增益 English has no measure words（量詞）, while Chinese has. an elephant 一頭大象（增補(bǔ)名量詞）（一）語(yǔ)法

5、結(jié)構(gòu)性增益 The English verbs have various forms and they vary with the time, aspect（體） and mood（語(yǔ)氣）, while the Chinese verbs dont have various forms. e.g. Yesterday evening I had seen her on her knees in front of the house. 譯文：昨天夜晚我曾看見(jiàn)她跪在房子前面。（增補(bǔ)表示時(shí)態(tài)的詞）（一）語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)性增益e.g. We wont retreat, we never have and ne

6、ver will.譯文：我們不后退，我們從來(lái)沒(méi)有后退過(guò)，我們將來(lái)也決不后退。（增補(bǔ)表示時(shí)態(tài)的詞/增補(bǔ)原文中省略的詞）（一）語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)性增益 The English countable nouns have singular and plural forms, while the Chinese nouns dont. e.g. The lion is the king of animals. 譯文：獅子是百獸之王。 （增補(bǔ)體現(xiàn)復(fù)數(shù)的詞）（一）語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)性增益e.g. The mountains began to throw their long blue shadows over the vall

7、ey.譯文：群山開(kāi)始向山谷投下一道道蔚藍(lán)色長(zhǎng)影。（增補(bǔ)體現(xiàn)復(fù)數(shù)的詞） （一）語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)性增益e.g. The success or failure of terrestrial digital broadcasting hinges on the prices of television sets and the development of new services.譯文：地球上數(shù)碼電視廣播的成敗取決于各種電視機(jī)的銷售價(jià)格和各種新型服務(wù)的開(kāi)發(fā)。（增補(bǔ)體現(xiàn)復(fù)數(shù)的詞） （一）語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)性增益 English tends to use elliptical sentences, while Chine

8、se doesnt. e.g. That year the Chinese yuan bought more, and the U.S. dollar less. 譯文：那一年中國(guó)人民幣可買的東西多，美元 可買的東西少。（增補(bǔ)原文中省略的詞/行文方式性增益“銜接需要”） e.g. Reading makes a full man; conference a ready man; writing an exact man. 譯文：讀書(shū)使人充實(shí)，討論使人機(jī)智，寫作使 人準(zhǔn)確。（增補(bǔ)原文中省略的詞）（一）語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)性增益e.g. Broadband connections have enabled t

9、he transmission of moving-image files, which typically are several hundred megabytes in size, over the Internet in a matter of hours.譯文：寬帶連接已經(jīng)能夠在數(shù)小時(shí)之內(nèi)將通常有幾百兆字節(jié)大小的影像文件進(jìn)行傳輸。（注：名詞兼具動(dòng)詞的性質(zhì)，將其翻譯成動(dòng)賓結(jié)構(gòu)，譯文通順流暢。）（二）行文方式性增益e.g. He was weak and old.譯文：他身體衰弱，年紀(jì)也大了。 他年老體衰。e.g. There are books and books.譯文：有好些本書(shū)。

10、（世上）有好書(shū)也有壞書(shū)。e.g. A little of everything and nothing at all.譯文：如果什么事情都是淺嘗輒止，終將 一事無(wú)成。（二）行文方式性增益e.g. The new trade initiative, announced by Bush in a commencement address at the University of South Carolina, will foster goodwill in the Middle East.譯文：布什總統(tǒng)在南卡羅來(lái)納州大學(xué)畢業(yè)典禮上所提出的新的貿(mào)易倡議，會(huì)拉近中東地區(qū)人們對(duì)他的親近感。（三）語(yǔ)義性增

11、益In order to achieve clarity, its necessary to add some nouns, verbs, adjectives or adverbs.e.g. He dismissed the meeting without a closing speech.譯文：他沒(méi)有致閉幕詞就結(jié)束了會(huì)議。 （增補(bǔ)動(dòng)詞）In order to follow the Chinese habits of expression, we can add some appropriate words after adjectives and abstract nouns derive

12、d from verbs or adjectives. e.g. preparation 準(zhǔn)備工作(category word)tension 緊張關(guān)系(category word)unemployment 失業(yè)現(xiàn)象(category word)e.g. From the evaporation of water, people know that liquids can turn into gases under certain condition.譯文：人們從水的蒸發(fā)現(xiàn)象得知，液體在一定條件下能轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)闅怏w。 （增補(bǔ)名詞）（四）修辭性增益 e.g. It was a crime so qui

13、ck, so mean, so harsh, and it shocked even veteran crime investigators.譯文：這樁罪案發(fā)生的速度之快、性質(zhì)之卑劣、手段之殘忍，就連身經(jīng)百戰(zhàn)的辦案人員也感到驚訝萬(wàn)分。（增補(bǔ)名詞）（五）背景信息性增益 e.g. This great scientist was born in New England.譯文：這位偉大的科學(xué)家出生在美國(guó)東北部的新英格蘭。（增補(bǔ)表示背景的詞）（六）重復(fù)作為增益的手段 In order to achieve clarity, we have to repeat one word or supply co

14、njunctions, connectives, generalized words or background words. e.g. We have discussed our safety and sanitary regulations. 譯文：我們已經(jīng)討論了安全規(guī)則和衛(wèi)生規(guī)則。（重復(fù)名詞）e.g. The government can stop money transfers to and restrict trade with a foreign country when it judges that economic sanctions are necessary to cont

15、ribute to international efforts for world peace.譯文：當(dāng)判定為世界和平所做出的國(guó)際范圍的努力而有必要進(jìn)行經(jīng)濟(jì)制裁時(shí)，政府可以停止將資金轉(zhuǎn)移到國(guó)外，可以限制同國(guó)外進(jìn)行貿(mào)易。4. Practice / Exercises (25 mins)Practice on Amplification:1. I am looking forward to the holidays.譯文：我在等待著假期的到來(lái)。2. As an Oriental, I cannot but be proud of your historical achievement.譯文：作為一

16、個(gè)東方人，我不得不為你們所取得的歷史性成就感到驕傲。3. Theory is something but practice is everything.譯文：理論固然重要，實(shí)踐尤其重要。4. The thesis summed up the new achievements made in electronic computers, artificial satellites and rockets.譯文：論文總結(jié)了電子計(jì)算機(jī)、人造衛(wèi)星和火箭三個(gè)領(lǐng)域中的新成就。5. The person in the picture is wrinkled and black, with scant gray hair.譯文：圖片上的那個(gè)人，滿臉皺紋、皮膚很黑、頭發(fā)灰白稀疏。5. Discussion (10 mins) How to use amplification in business English translation?6. Summary+Homework (5 mins)ExercisesGrasp the business terms復(fù)習(xí)思考題1. How to us