高考英語寫作專題經(jīng)典講座十二 簡單句的基本句型

1、PAGE 第PAGE 頁碼5頁/總NUMPAGES 總頁數(shù)5頁Evaluation Warning: The document was created with Spire.Doc for .NET.寫作專題十二 簡單句的基本句型（下）簡單句的基本句型（下）第四種簡單句句型：主語 + 謂語 + 間接賓語 + 直接賓語由“主語 + 及物動(dòng)詞 +間接賓語 + 直接賓語”（SVOiOd）構(gòu)成主謂系統(tǒng)。雙賓語由“間接賓語 + 直接賓語”構(gòu)成，都是由主語發(fā)出來的。有一些動(dòng)詞后面必須跟雙賓語意義才完整。這些動(dòng)詞的使用方法參考下面表格：句型變化同類詞例句SVt +直賓 + to + 間賓 afford, l

2、end, leave, hand, offer, owe, 等等The teacher gave a book to me/the boy.SVt +直賓 + for + 間賓Buy, call, cook, choose, do, draw, find, get, make,等等My mother cooked a mal for me/her son. SVt + 間賓 + 直賓 包括前面兩類動(dòng)詞The teacher gave me/the boy a book.SVt + 間賓 + 復(fù)合不定式直賓/從句直賓learn, teach, show, tell, point outHe sh

3、owed me how to swim. （復(fù)合不定式充當(dāng)直接賓語）He told me where I should go. （從句充當(dāng)直接賓語）He told me that the news was true. （從句充當(dāng)直接賓語）SVt +to +間賓 +從句直賓suggest, reply, explain, point out等等He replied to me that the news was true. （從句充當(dāng)直接賓語）SVt + it + to +間賓 +從句直賓owe, suggest, explain, point out 等等She owes it to her

4、mothers influence that she was elected Miss Hong Kong. （it是形式賓語，代替后面的從句直接賓語） 二SVOiOd句型的語義特征我們學(xué)習(xí)雙賓語的時(shí)候要注意它的語義特征:兩個(gè)賓語必須都是主語發(fā)出來的，否則不是雙賓語。例如，Sometimes, in the opinion of the people even from some modern countries, wearing some article of clothing or some jewel will bring them luck or protect them from e

5、vil or illness. （有時(shí)候，在一些現(xiàn)代化的國家人們穿某種服裝，或者佩戴某種首飾，因?yàn)樗麄兿嘈胚@會(huì)給他們帶來好運(yùn)，或者免受邪惡或疾病的威脅。）其中，劃線部分是雙賓語，因?yàn)殚g接賓語them與直接賓語luck都是主語wearing some article of clothing發(fā)出來的。相反，斜體部分“protect them from evil or illness”不是雙賓語，因?yàn)椤癳vil or illness”不是從主語發(fā)出來的。三配套練習(xí)：連詞成句, 注意運(yùn)用動(dòng)詞的正確形式。例題： One of the greatest presidents; Abraham Lincol

6、n; almost; consider; all Americans; in American history變?yōu)椋篈lmost all Americans consider Abraham Lincoln one of the greatest presidents in American history.第四組：S+V+Oi+Od（主語+謂語+間接賓語+直接賓語）:1. his teacher, the little boy, always, asking, all sorts of questions, is2. the next morning, they, the evening p

7、aper, him, sent3. me, showed, the policeman, where the park was on the map4. such excuses, me, made, never, he5. herself, ordered, she, a new dress6. something, tell, please, about your country, me7. you, envy, I , your luck8. him, that he should come at once, wrote, I 9. show, you, can, how to get

8、to the post office, me ?10. a scarf, made, for, she, her son四：用SVO句型翻譯下面句子：1. 我準(zhǔn)備為你做一切有益于你的事情。2. 在這樣一個(gè)寒冷的冬日，在山里她不能為她的綿羊找到草。3. 你為什么不向他示范怎樣做魚？4. 鄰居們向她建議，應(yīng)該把她的母親送進(jìn)醫(yī)院。5. 老師向全班解釋說，他弄錯(cuò)了兩個(gè)雙胞胎。第五種簡單句句型：主語 + 謂語 + 賓語 + 賓補(bǔ)由“主語 + 及物動(dòng)詞 + 賓語 + 賓補(bǔ)” （SVOOc）構(gòu)成主謂系統(tǒng)。及物動(dòng)詞后面馬上跟賓語，賓語后面再跟賓語補(bǔ)足語，賓語加上賓補(bǔ)構(gòu)成復(fù)合賓語。理論上說，賓補(bǔ)補(bǔ)充說明賓語，否

9、則句子意義就不夠完整。這些動(dòng)詞的使用方法參考下面表格：句型變化例句SVt + 賓語 + 形/副/介/名I found the house empty. (形容詞充當(dāng)賓補(bǔ))I found the lights on/off. (副詞充當(dāng)賓補(bǔ))I found the boy in bed. (介詞短語充當(dāng)賓補(bǔ))I found him a good boy. (名詞短語充當(dāng)賓補(bǔ))SVt + 賓語+非謂語形式I told him to help you with your English. (不定式充當(dāng)賓補(bǔ))The blow sent the glass flying everywhere. （現(xiàn)在分

10、詞充當(dāng)賓補(bǔ)）He had the car mended at a garage. （過去分詞充當(dāng)賓補(bǔ)）SVt + it + 形/名+ to doHe believes it right to help others. (形容詞 + 不定式)He makes it a rule to read English every day. (名詞+不定式)SVt + it + 形/名/介賓 + 從句He believes it right that he should help others. (形容詞+從句)He makes it a rule that he should read English

11、every day. (名詞+從句)二SVOOc句型與SVOiOd句型的差異我們學(xué)習(xí)雙賓語的時(shí)候要注意它的語義特征:兩個(gè)賓語必須都是主語發(fā)出來的，否則不是雙賓語。例如，I gave him a book. 劃線部分是雙賓語，因?yàn)殚g接賓語him直接賓語a book 都是主語“I”發(fā)出來的。相反，我們觀察句子“I told him to help you.”，其中賓語him是主語“I”發(fā)出來的，但是to help you不是主語“I”發(fā)出來的，而是賓語him發(fā)出的，所以“to help you”是賓補(bǔ)，“him to help you”是復(fù)合賓語。三. 配套練習(xí)：連詞成句, 注意運(yùn)用動(dòng)詞的正確形式

12、。例題： One of the greatest presidents; Abraham Lincoln; almost; consider; all Americans; in American history變?yōu)椋篈lmost all Americans consider Abraham Lincoln one of the greatest presidents in American history.第五組：S+V+O+Oc（主語+謂語+賓語+賓補(bǔ)）1. the story of Gandhis life; found; extremely interesting; I 2. when

13、 George was coming to town; her; I ; to let me know; asked3. secret ; for a little longer; our plans; I ; we ;should; keep; think4. so angry; he; called; all kinds of names; that; was; he; me5. very lucky; myself; when I was in India; consider; to have met Gandhi6. that he should refuse to travel fi

14、rst class; it; astonishing; found; I 7. as soon as possible; I ; know the results of the voting; let; will; you8. delivered; had; the hostess; a week before the party; the invitations9. a more fluent speaker; a lot of practice; the spokesman; helped; become10. found; murdered; in the bathroom; when

15、the police arrived; they; the actress四：用賓補(bǔ)翻譯下面句子：1. 前往倫敦，使倫敦成為他的革命根據(jù)地。2. 幾乎沒有采取什么措施凈化污水，就讓其流進(jìn)河流。3. 這就使得農(nóng)業(yè)的快速發(fā)展變得很有必要。4. 透過開著的窗戶，我們看見同學(xué)們已經(jīng)坐在位置上了。5. 他命令書馬上送到巴黎去。第四種簡單句句型：主語 + 謂語 + 間接賓語 + 直接賓語五配套練習(xí)答案：連詞成句, 注意運(yùn)用動(dòng)詞的正確形式。第四組：S+V+Oi+Od（主語+謂語+間接賓語+直接賓語）:1. The little boy is always asking his teacher all sor

16、ts of questions.2. They sent him the evening paper the next morning.3. The policeman showed me where the park was on the map.4. He never made me such excuses.5. She ordered herself a new dress.6. Please tell me something about your country.7. I envy you your luck.8. I wrote him that he should come a

17、t once.9. Can you show me how to get to the post office?10. She made a scarf for her son.答案：用SVO句型翻譯下面句子：1. I am ready to do everything helpful for you. 2. On such a cold winder day, the girl found no grass for her sheep on the mountain.3. Why didnt you show how to cook the fish to him? 4. The neigh

18、bors suggested to her that her mother should be sent to the hospital.5. The teacher explained to the class that he had made a mistake between the twins.第五種簡單句句型：主語 + 謂語 + 賓語 + 賓補(bǔ)配套練習(xí)答案：連詞成句, 注意運(yùn)用動(dòng)詞的正確形式。第五組 S+V+O+Oc (主語+謂語+賓語+賓補(bǔ))1. I found the story of Gandhis life extremely interesting.2. I asked h

19、er to let me know when George was coming to town.3. I think we should keep our plans secret for a little longer.4. He was so angry that he called me all kinds of names.5. I consider myself very lucky to have met Gandhi when I was in India.6. I found it astonishing that he should refuse to travel first class.7. I