名詞性從句許一鋒

1、名詞性從句Noun Clauses定語從句 句 子充當(dāng)定語名詞性從句主語從句賓語從句表語從句同位語從句句 子充當(dāng)主語句 子句 子句 子充當(dāng)賓語充當(dāng)同位語充當(dāng)表語狀語從句 句 子充當(dāng)狀語1.The thing made me happy.2.I like his job.3. My job is teaching.4.Hu, chairman of our country, is popular among China. 主語賓語表語同位語 I can pay back the help people give to me makes me happy.ThatI dislike what he

2、 saidThe reason is that you dont work hard.There is a high possibility that Justin was taken away by aliens 主語從句賓語從句表從同位語從句（1） 名詞性從句構(gòu)成有3種That + 陳述句That light travels in straight lines is known to all.b. if/whether + 陳述句No one knew if/whether he lost his sight because of an accident.c. 疑問詞+句子的剩余成分 Th

3、is is what we are looking for.主語從句That he was savedWhether or not he was savedWho saved him is clear.that he was saved 陳述whether or not he was saved 是否Who saved him. 疑問賓語從句 that he was saved whether or not he was saved who saved himI am interested in who that tall man is . I dont know 同位語從句 we have

4、no doubt that he was saved who saved himWe have doubt whether or not he was saved.表語從句 that he was saved whether or not he was saved. who saved him.The fact isThe question is在復(fù)合句中起名詞作用的從句叫名詞從句 (Noun Clauses）。因此根據(jù)它在句中不同的語法功能:總結(jié)：名詞從句名詞性從句主語從句賓語從句表語從句同位語從句 Practice:1._ the baby could speak made his par

5、ents very happy. A. That B. What C. Why D. If2. I wonder _ you will go shopping or stay at home. A. that B. if C. whether D. what3. This is _ he was often late for school. A. what B. that C. why D. whether4. We all know the truth _ the earth _ around the sun.A. if; moved B. that; moves C. why; move

6、D. whether; moveAC CB主語從句賓語從句表語從句同位語從句（1） 名詞性從句構(gòu)成有3種（火車頭）That + 陳述句That light travels in straight lines is known to all.b. if/whether + 陳述句No one knew if/whether he lost his sight because of an accident.c. 疑問詞+句子的剩余成分 This is what we are looking for.名詞性從句考點歸納一、名詞性從句的語序：陳述語序(1) that 和whether/if引導(dǎo)的從句

7、She sensed that she was being watched by a tall man in a dark coat.She wondered.Would the buses still be running?She wondered if/whether the buses would still be running.She had a feeling that.(2) 疑問詞引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句也要求使用陳述句語序.他是怎么成功的仍然是個謎。How was he successful is still a puzzle. ( )How he was successful is

8、 still a puzzle. ( )你能告訴我他住在什么地方嗎？Could you tell me where he lives? ( )Could you tell me where does he live? ( )FTTF二、名詞性從句連接詞的選用（1）that 和what 的選用that 和 what 都可引導(dǎo)所有的名詞從句。what在名詞性從句中充當(dāng)成分，可做從句的主語、賓語、或表語。that在名詞性從句中不充當(dāng)任何成分，只起連接作用。名詞性從句中缺少成分一般用what代替that / what1._ he wants is a book.2. _ he wants to go

9、there is obvious.3.The result is _ we won the game.4.This is _ we want to know.5.Is _ he told us true ?6.We should pay attention to _ the teacher is saying.7. I have no doubt _ he will come.8. I have no idea _ he did that afternoon.WhatThatthatwhatwhatwhatthatwhat引導(dǎo)詞that 的省略單個賓語從句中的that可省略that不可省略的情

10、況：a. 主語從句b.表語從句c.同位語從句d.用it做形式賓語的賓語從句e. 并列的賓語從句中的后幾個從句的引導(dǎo)詞that 不能省略He said (that) he liked rain very much and that he wouldnt use an umbrella when it was rainingthat/ (that)1.I dont think _ she is coming.2.It is a pity _ he has made such a mistake.3.The reason is _ he is careless .4.The news _ our t

11、eam won the match inspired us.5.I dont think it is necessary _ you should read English aloud.6.He told me _ his father had died and _ he had to make a living alone.(that)thatthatthatthat(that)thatif 和whether 的選用不能使用if 的情況：a. 主語從句b. 表語從句c. 同位語從句e. 介詞后的賓語從句f. whether to do 做動詞賓語 為固定結(jié)構(gòu).g .whether or no

12、t 為固定結(jié)構(gòu).if / whether1. I asked her _ she had a bike.2._ we will hold a party in the open air tomorrow depends on the weather.3. Were worried about _ he is safe.4. I dont know _ he is well or not.5. I dont know _ or not he is well.6. The question is _ he should do it.7.The doctor can hardly answer th

13、e question _ the old man will recover soon.8. I dont know _ to go.if / whetherWhetherwhetherWhetherwhetherwhetherwhetherwhether其它連接代詞和副詞的選用主要根據(jù)名詞性從句中的具體意義,正確的選擇who、which、when、where、why、how 等連接詞。這些連接詞既具有疑問含義，又起連接作用，同時在從句中充當(dāng)各種成分。我們何時舉行運動會還沒有決定。_ we shall hold our sports meeting is not decided.我不知道昨天誰打

14、破了玻璃。I dont know _ broke the glass yesterday.我不知道他長的什么樣子。I have no idea _ he looks like.這就是我忘記眼鏡的地方。This is _ I left my glasses.Whenwhowhatwhere三、同位語從句的引導(dǎo)和辨別1.同位語從句的格式：n.+ 連接詞 + 從句2.能接同位語從句的名詞有：fact、idea, news, information, order, belief suggestion, advice等3.連接詞通常是that,也可根據(jù)含義選用whether, what, when, w

15、here 等來引導(dǎo)同位語從句There is a high possibility that we will have two days off on New Years Day.1. I have no idea _ he comes from.2. He cant answer the question _ he got the money.3.He gave us many suggestions _ we should get up earlier and take more exercise.4.I have no doubt _ he will win.5. I have some

16、 doubt _ he will win.that/ whether / where/ howwherehowthatthatwhether同位語從句和定語從句的區(qū)別1.定語從句是先行詞的修飾語，起修飾作用。定語從句中that不但起連接作用，而且在定語從句中充當(dāng)一個句子成分，2.同位語從句對先行詞的內(nèi)容作進一步的解釋和說明，表明先行詞的具體內(nèi)容。先行詞一般為抽象名詞。引導(dǎo)同位語從句的that 在同位語從句中不做任何成分,只起連接作用,無具體含義,且不可省略.Fact , promise, news, belief,Chance, possibility 等抽象名詞充當(dāng)先行詞A. that B.

17、 if C. that if D. what ifFather made me a promise _I make progress he would give me a presentThe news that our team has won the game came. The news (that she told me) is true. g名詞性從句做同位語Father made me a promise _he would give me a present.that不做成分做成分C1.We expressed the hope that they had expressed.2

18、. We expressed the hope that they would come to China again.1.The information has been announced that more middle school graduates will be admitted into university.2.The information that he revealed at the meeting is of great value.定語從句 or 同位語從句定語同位語同位語定語名詞demand, suggestion, proposal, advice 等詞后的同位

19、語從句的語氣要用虛擬語氣,結(jié)構(gòu)為 should + do, should 可省略 He gave me a suggestion that I ( should ) be calm now.表命令 要求 建議 等語氣中，名詞性從句中需要用虛擬語氣My suggestion is that you (should) be calm now.He suggested that I (should) be calm now.It is required that we (should ) observe the rule in the class.賓語從句的時態(tài)呼應(yīng)1. 如果主句時態(tài)是現(xiàn)在時或?qū)頃r

20、,從句謂語 可根據(jù)句意需要而選用任一種時態(tài). a .他相信他的夢想總有一天會實現(xiàn)的. He believes _ . b .請告訴我你昨天這個時候在干什么. Please tell me _.his dream will come true some daywhat you were doing at this time yesterday2. 如果主句謂語是過去時,從句謂語動詞一般用過去的 某種時態(tài),但從句表達的是客觀事實、真理、自然規(guī) 律等時，從句謂語通常用一般現(xiàn)在時。 他告訴我他正在為考試做準備。 He told me _ . 他說他已離開家鄉(xiāng)十年了。 He told me _. 老師告

21、訴我們光是沿直線運行的。 The teacher told us _he was preparing for the examinationHe had been away from his hometown for ten yearslight travels in a straight line.Practice time1.It now appears _ they are in need of help. A. that B. which C. what D. how2.It is good news _ they will arrive in a few days. A. which

22、 B. what C. that D. how3.It _ Joe drives badly. A. thought that B. thinks that C. is thought what D. is thought that5.This is _ she was born. A. where B. which C. that D. what6.The question is _ we cant go there today. A. that B. what C. which D. when7.The question is _ it is worth doing. A. if B. w

23、hether C. which D. what8.The reason he has made such great progress is _ he has never wasted his time. A. because B. why C. that D. what9.My suggestion is _ we should turn the land into rice fields. A. what B. that C. which D. where10.His proposal is that the dam _ at the foot of the mountain. A. bu

24、ild B. will build C. be built D. will be built11.My advice is that he _ quiet. A. keep B. would keep C. keeps D. kept12._ knows the truth will tell you about it. A. Who that B. Whoever C. Whom that D. That who13.We all know the truth _ the earth goes round the sun. A. that B. which C. what D. whethe

25、r14.We heard the news _ our team had won. A. which B. that C. what D. where15.The problem _ it is right or wrong has not yet been decided. A. which B. that C. whether D. if16.You must do well _ the teacher asks you to do. A. which B. what C. that D. where Thank you1. His success was because of _ he

26、had been working hard.A. that B. the fact which C. the fact that D. the fact2. “Is Mary from New York City” “I dont know _.”A. from what city does she come from B.from what city she comeC. what city does she come from D.what city she comes from3. _ makes mistakes must correct them.A. What B. That C.

27、 Whoever D. Whatever4. The reason why I didnt go to Shanghai was _ a new job.A. because I got B. because of getting C. I got D. that I got5. It worried her a bit _ her hair was turning grey.A. while B. that C. if D. for 6. Henry killed the dog. Ill ask him why _.A. did he do that B. he did thatC. he

28、 did D. he has done so 7. Have you seen Henry lately My boss wants to know _.A. how he is getting along B. how is he getting alongC. what he is getting along D. what is he getting along8. It is generally considered unwise to give a child _ he or she wants.A. however B. whatever C. whichever D. whene

29、ver9. He asked me _ with me.A. what is the trouble B. what wrong wasC. what was the matter D. what trouble it is10. I am sure _ he said is true.A. that B. about that C. of that D. that what11. When and why he came here _ yet.A. is not known B. are not known C. has not known D. have not bee12. I wond

30、er how much _.A. does the watch cost B. did the watch costC. the watch costed D. the watch costs13. Mary is _ someone might recognize her.A. afraid of B. afraid about C. afraid that D. afraid for14._ is no reason for dismissing her.A. Because she was a few minutes late B. Owing to a few minutes late

31、C. The fact that she was a few minutes late D. Being a few minutes late15. They came to the conclusion _ by a computer.A. that not all things can be done B. because of not all things be doneC. being not all things can be done D. because not all things can be done16. Why the explosion occurred was _

32、the laboratory attendant had been careless.A. for B. because C. since D. that17. I dont doubt _ hell come.A. that B. if C. what D. whether18. “Why did you go to the wrong class, Mr. Wang”“Well, I forget _ I was supposed to go to.”A. which the room B. which room C. what was the room D. what room was

33、it19. Output is now six times _ it was before liberation.A. that B. which C. what D. of which20. Mary: Helen is a mere washer woman, yet shes now buying a big house.Carol: Yes. Because shes always saved _.A. what little she earns B. how little she earnsC. for little she earns D. with little she earn

34、s21. _ surprised me most was _ such a little boy of seven could play the violin so well.A. Thatwhat B. Whatthat C. Thatwhich D. Whatwhich22. We gave him _ help we could.A. which B. what C. that D. this23. She is pleased with what you have given him and _ you have told him.A. that B. which C. all wha

35、t D. all that 24. Excuse me would you please tell me _ A. when the sports meet is taken place B. when is the sports meet going to be heldC. when is the sports meet to begin D. when the sports meet is to take place25. Do you happen to know _ A. what size shoes he wears B. how big shoes he wearsC. wha

36、t is the size of his shoes D. what number shoes are his26. This book will show you _ can be used in other contexts.A. how you have observed B. how what you have observedC. that you have observed D. how that you have observed27. Where do you think _ A. has he gone B. has he been C. hes gone D. was he

37、28. Do you know _ A. how many populations there are in the world B. how much population there is in the worldC. how many the population of the world isD. what the population of the world is29. Would you go and see _ outside A. what to take place B.what Tom has happened C. what is happening D. what t

38、he matter had been30. The subject of What is interesting is that I do not even know him. is_.A. what B. interesting C. What is interesting D. IBy the time you arrive here,my lecture will have ended, and I will be meeting my guests in the office.By the time he went to England,he had learnt English fo

39、r nearly ten years.By the time he goes to England,he will have learnt English for nearly ten years.-What has happened to you? You look pale.-I am very tired. I have been painting my room all day.5. What surprised me most was that he didnt attend the lecture.6. Word came that we had won the match.7.

40、That one and one is two is known to all.名詞性從句其它情況看筆記8. In this perfect world lived people （who knew how to stay young forever）.9. Growing around the lake are many wild flowers.10. Out he went.11, Not until my father came back did I go to bed.倒裝句其它情況看筆記11. It was not until my father came back that I

41、went to bed.(強調(diào)句型具體的看筆記)12. He insisted that he had done nothing wrong and (should) be set free at once.13, His pale face suggested that he was ill and I suggested that he (should) see a doctor at once.14 You cant imagine the difficulty (I had in solving the problems).15. I want to know who you want

42、 to have go with you.16, He speaks clearly to make his speech (understood) easy to understand.17, The theory (that he insisted on) proved right.18. When faced with difficulties,we cant give up.19. When facing difficulties,we cant give up.20. After being punished by his father, he was very upset. (主同

43、謂be 原則要看筆記)20With 結(jié)構(gòu)要記牢筆記本上的6 個句子。21Please keep me informed of the approaches to solving the problems.22. It is reported that he is studying abroad/ has studied abroad /he will study abroad. He is reported to be studying abroad/ have studied abroad/to study abroad. The witness reported seeing a Yeti

44、.23. a bridge built /to be built /being built24. He ran in ,followed by a big dog,walking very slowly.25. Devoted to teaching ,he has no time to stay with his family. Devoting himself to teaching ,he has no time to stay with his family.26. Satisfied with my work,the boss praised me.27, Not having fi

45、nished his homework,he had to stay up.28, He is the man who told /telling me the news.29, It happened that he was writing a novel. He happened to be writing a novel.30. It happened that he had gone abroad. He happened to have gone abroad.(順便注意 board ,aboard 的用法)31. He hurried to the station, only to

46、 be told that the bus had left. He was buried in work, only smoking from time to time.32. They are talking about the policy they will see carried out next year.33. We should do whatever we can to protect the environment from being polluted. （理解并記住筆記本上的5個句子）34. Upon/on arriving /my arrival at the des

47、tination, Ill call you. Ill call you the minute/moment /immediately I get there.35. 9.11 is a day ,one well never forget.36. -Where did you meet Tom? -It was on the farm (where I used to work )that I met him.37, Compared with him,Im luckier. Compare the two cars and you will find the differences. Co

48、mparing the two cars , you will find the differences.38, Typhoon and the losses they caused are frightening. She is such a good teacher as we all respect /show respect for /look up to We are trying to create an atmosphere where we can study harder. (定語從句要把筆記本慢慢看一遍)39even if =even though as if =as th

49、ough now that due to unless so that while It will be a long time before he comes back. (狀語從句的關(guān)鍵是理解句子的前后意思，會講話就可以了)40這本書值得一讀。（筆記本上的7種翻譯） be worth a visit41. He was nowhere to be seen.42. more than no more than He is no taller than I.43. one dozen eggs two dozen eggs dozens of eggs four dozen of these

50、44. make up pick up turn up /down/over/to take over/up work out watch out for give out put away的意思45反意疑問句的幾個特殊情況要牢記（筆記本上）46A large amount of money is needed.Large amounts of money are needed.Healthy eating ,along with regular exercise, is beneficial to us.a good many =many 47,He is said to have come

51、 back from Africa, he had met some business partners there.48.I worked in a foreign company for ten years, but I dont regret giving up the job.49.-The coat is very beautiful, thank you very much for sending me such a nice gift. -Im very glad you like it.50.a wet blanket green finger a piece of cake

52、cold shoulder 51.That/It depends. Its up to you. Take it easy. Take your time. Make it.M3U1be confused about the confusing result (confusion)forecast the weatherglance/stare /glare at stha narrow streetthe approach to sth/doing sthhesitate to do sth (hesitation)watch out forbe anxious about (anxiety

53、)various a variety of varybe grateful to sbto ones relief relieve/reduce ones painanalyse analysis analysesignore ignoranceguide guidanceexist existencesuit suitable suitedattach great importance to Englishbe attached todisable disabled disabilityon the contrary be contrary to be attracted by be att

54、ractive toa piece of jewellery a jewelpanic panicked panickedemploy employment unemployment employ/hire sbset sb looseM2U3be curious about (curiosity)make a fortune (fortunately unfortunately )preserve the atmosphere from being pollutedbe content with the contents in the boxreach into the sky within

55、 ones reach reach out ones handIts a coincidence for sb to do sthscience scientist scientifichold ones breath (breathe)disturb sbresult in lead to cause (result from)a piece of clothingmeet the requirement (require sb to do sth require that sb should do sth)inspire sb to do sth (inspiration)nation n

56、ational nationalitybe home to =be the home of be native todiscourage sb from doing sth encourage sb to do sth my devotion to work devote oneself to sth /doing sthbe devoted to sth /doing sthbury oneself in sth/doing sthbe buried in sth/doing sth apply oneself to sth /doing sth recognize recognitiono

57、rganize organizationapply to sb for a job sth apply to sb apply A to Bdesire to do sth /that sb should do sthbe superior to sbbe optimistic aboutM2U2adventure adventurousarrange for sb to do sthin advance /ahead of time/before handmake preparations for in preparation forsupply sb with sth supply sth

58、 to sb carry my supplies of foodprovide sb with sth provide sth for sboffer sb sth offer sth to sbdefend defence be scared of sth be scared to do sthtourist tourismaccording to the scheduleexplore exploration explorerofficial officiallyIts announced that (announcement)reflect reflectionbe surrounded

59、 by surrounding surroundingslive in harmony with nature (harmonious)at its mildestM2U11. explain explanation unexplained2. be puzzled about 3. He ran away ,disappearing into the forest.4.the witness to the accident 5. assume sb to be my friend (assumption)6.occur happen take place come about7,It occ

60、urred to me that he was ill.8.board the plane aboard the plane9.There is a possibility that we will win.10. a piece of amazing evidence11. injure injury12.burst into laughter burst out laughing13.astronomer astronomy14.be enthusiastic about (enthusiasm)15.Basing his theory on facts, he is popular .1