2019版高考英語提分單元加餐練通用版(全解析)單元加餐練74含解析

1、單元加餐練.閱讀理解AThemeaningoftheword“volunteermay”bealittledifferentindifferentcountries,butitusuallymeans“onewhooffershisorherservices”.Therearemanydifferentwaysinwhichpeoplecanvolunteer,suchastakingcareofsickpeople,workinginhomesforhomelesschildren,andpickingupgarbagefrombeachesandparks.olunteersVmaywor

2、kwithintheirowncountriesorinothercountries.Theyareoftenpeoplewithastrongwishtohelpthosewhoarelessfortunatethanthemselves.Volunteersdontexpectanykindofpay.Attherootofvolunteeringistheideathatonepersonmayhavetheabilitytoofferservicesthatcanhelpotherpeople.Tracy,agoodfriendofmine,however,recentlycameba

3、ckfromIndiawithanewideaofwhatbeingavolunteermeans.SheworkedfortwoandahalfweeksinoneofMotherTeresashomesinCalcutta.Thefollowingisherstory.“IfirstheardaboutMotherTeresainmyhighschool.WewatchedavideoaboutherworkinIndiaandallovertheworld.Iwassomovedbyherspirittohelpothersandherendlessloveforeveryhumanbe

4、ingthatafterIgraduatedfromhighschool,Ialsowantedtotryherkindofwork.SowithtwofriendsIflewtoCalcuttaforafewweeks.”“Iwasaskedtoworkinahomeforsickpeople.Ihelpedwashclothesandsheets,andpassoutlunch.Ialsofedthepeoplewhoweretooweaktofeedthemselvesandtriedtocheerthemup.Ifeltitwasbettertosharewiththemthantot

5、hinkthatIhavehelpedthem.Tobehonest,IdontthinkIwashelpingverymuch.ItwasthenthatIrealizedthatIhadnotreallycometohelp,buttolearnaboutandexperienceanotherculturethathelpedimprovemyownunderstandingoflifeandtheworld.篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文為夾敘夾議文，主要介紹了Tracy對volunteer”一詞的新的體會及理解。1Accordingtothetext,avolunteerreferstoaperso

6、nwho_.AiswillingtohelpthoseinneedwithoutpayBcanaffordtotraveltodifferentplacesChasastrongwishtobesuccessfulDhasmadeabigfortuneinlife答案：A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的“onewhooffershisorherservices”和第一段最后一句“Volunteersdontexpectanykindofpay”.可確定答案為A。2WhydidTracychoosetobeavolunteer?AShelikedtoworkwithMotherTeresa.BSheha

7、dalreadyhadsomeexperience.CShewasaskedbyMotherTeresa.DShewantedtofollowMotherTeresasexample.答案：D推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段第三句“Iwassomovedbyherspirit.Ialsowantedtotryherkindofwork.”可知，她想以MotherTeresa為榜樣。3WhatisTracys“newidea”(inParagraph2)ofbeiunteer?gavolAGoingabroadtohelpthesick.BWorkinginMotherTeresashome.CDoing

8、simplethingstohelpthepoor.DImprovingoneselfthroughhelpingothers.答案：D推理判斷題。由第三、四段內(nèi)容可知，Tracy怎樣在實踐volunteer的過程中逐漸形成了新的體驗和認(rèn)識，且從文中最后一句可知newidea的含義。4Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?AHowtoBeaVolunteerBVoluntaryLifeinIndiaCADifferentMeaningofVolunteerDInspirationfromMotherTeresa答案：C標(biāo)題判斷題。本文以volunteer作為導(dǎo)入，講T

9、racy對volunteer的新體會和與以前不同的理解。C項切合文章的主題。BChimps(黑猩猩)willcooperateincertainways,likegatheringinwarpartiestoprotecttheirterritory.Butbeyondtheminimumrequirementsassocialbeings,theyhavelittleinstinct(本能)tohelponeanother.Chimpsinthewildseekfoodforthemselves.Evenchimpmothersregularlydeclinetosharefoodwitht

10、heirchildren,whoareablefromayoungagetogathertheirownfood.Inthelaboratory,chimpsdontnaturallysharefoodeither.Ifachimpisputinacagewherehecanpullinoneplateoffoodforhimselfor,withnogreatereffort,aplatethatalsoprovidesfoodforaneighborinthenextcage,hewillpullatrandomhejustdoesntcarewhetherhisneighborgetsf

11、edornot.Chimpsaretrulyselfish.Humanchildren,ontheotherhand,arenaturallycooperative.Fromtheearliestages,theydesiretohelpothers,toshareinformationandtoparticipateinachievingcommongoals.ThepsychologistMichaelTomasellohasstudiedthiscooperativenessinaseriesofexperimentswithveryyoungchildren.Hefindsthatif

12、babiesaged18monthsseeanunrelatedadultwithhandsfulltryingtoopenadoor,almostallwillimmediatelytrytohelp.Thereareseveralreasonstobelievethattheurgestohelp,informandsharearenottaught,butnaturallypossessedinyoungchildren.Oneisthattheseinstinctsappearataveryyoungagebeforemostparentshavestartedtotraintheir

13、childrentobehavesocially.Anotheristhatthehelpingbehaviorsarenotimprovedifthechildrenarerewarded.Athirdreasonisthatsocialintelligencedevelopsinchildrenbeforetheirgeneralcognitive(認(rèn)知的)skills,atleastwhencomparedwithchimps.IntestsconductedbyTomasello,thehumanchildrendidnobetterthanthechimpsonthephysical

14、worldtestsbutwereconsiderablybetteratunderstandingthesocialworld.ThecoreofwhatchildrensmindshaveandchimpsdontiswhatTomasellocallssharedintentionality.Partofthisabilityisthattheycaninferwhatothersknoworarethinking.Butbeyondthat,evenveryyoungchildrenwanttobepartofasharedpurpose.Theyactivelyseektobepar

15、tofa“we，”agroupthatintendstoworktowardasharedgoal.篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇說明文。科學(xué)家通過比較黑猩猩和小孩子的行為得出結(jié)論，相較于黑猩猩的自私，人類的本能和天性是幫助別人，與人合作和分享。5Whatcanwelearnfromtheexperimentwithchimps?AChimpsseldomcareaboutothersinterests.BChimpstendtoprovidefoodfortheirchildren.CChimpsliketotakeintheirneighborsfood.DChimpsnaturallysharef

16、oodwitheachother.答案：A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段中的實驗得知，黑猩猩不關(guān)心、不在乎同類。故A項正確。其中C項干擾性較大，由實驗得出的結(jié)論是黑猩猩自私，而不是喜歡那么做。6MichaelTomasellostestsonyoungchildrenindicatethatthey_.AhavetheinstincttohelpothersBknowhowtoofferhelptoadultsCknowtheworldbetterthanchimpsDtrustadultswiththeirhandsfull答案：A推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段第一、二句得知，小孩幫助他人是出于本能

17、和天性。故A項正確。7Thepassageismainlyabout_.AthehelpingbehaviorsofyoungchildrenBwaystotrainchildrenssharedintentionalityCcooperationasadistinctivehumannatureDthedevelopmentofintelligenceinchildren答案：C主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，作者通過對黑猩猩和小孩進(jìn)行的對比實驗證實了助人、與別人合作是人獨(dú)有的本能。A項干擾性較大，文章不是簡單地介紹了小孩子的助人行為。.七選五Tenrequirementsforteensthat

18、wontgetthemintocollegebutwillmakethembetterpeople?Writealetter.Anactualletterthatdoesnotbeginwithiswritten,inhandwriting,onrealpaper.?Readabookforpleasure._1_Repeatwhenneededuntilfindabookyoureallylove.andyou“Hey”?Holddownanunpleasantjobthatmakesyouhateyourparentsalittlebitbecausetheywontletyouquit.

19、?Gosomewherefortheweekendwithoutyourphone._2_?Everytimeyougetanewtoyorgadget(小玩意),giveanoldtoyorgadgetawaytosomeonewhodoesntgetnewthingsasoftenasyoudo.?Takecareofsomeoneorsomethingotherthanyourself._3_Andifitsadog,learntobrushthedogfarenoughawayfromthebackdoorsothatthehairdoesnotallcomebackinyourhou

20、sewhenyouarefinished.?_4_Evenifthispersonhasntgivenyouaholidayorbirthdaypresent,findsomethingtothankhimfor.?Learntocookagoodmealthatcanfeedtheentirefamily,nomatterwhatsizefamilyyouhave.?Dosomethingniceforaneighborwithoutexpectinganycreditforitandkeepyouridentitysecret.?_5_Ifyouwanttoaimforthetop,goo

21、dforyou.Buttrytogetthereslowly,withoutknockingeveryoneelseoutoftheway.Ormissingthebeautifulview.ADontracetothetop.BApetdoesnicelyhere.CGuesswhichjobtaughtmemoreaboutlife.DThenyoumayknowwhatitfeelsliketobealone.EIfyoustartoneandstillhateitonpage50,findanotherone.FWriteaheartfeltthankyounotetosomeoneo

22、vertheageof70.GPutthenewspaperonthefrontstepifitlandedinthemiddleofthedriveway.篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了十件對青少年成長有益的事情。1EE項中的“page50”符合本段關(guān)于讀書的語境，且“findanotherone”與設(shè)空后的“untilyoufindabook”相呼應(yīng)，故選E項。2D根據(jù)本空前的“withoutyourphone”及我們的日常經(jīng)驗可知，不帶手機(jī)意味著無法與其他人取得聯(lián)系，只能“獨(dú)自一人”，這與D項中的“tobealone”相呼應(yīng)。3B根據(jù)本空后的“ifitsadog”可知，作者在這里

23、以“寵物”為例，建議青少年照顧其他人或物。故B項符合語境。4F根據(jù)本段中的“findsomethingtothankhimfor”可知，作者建議青少年寫一封“感謝信”，F(xiàn)項符合前后語境。5AA項中的“Dontracetothetop”與空后的“thetop”，“getthereslowly”相呼應(yīng)。故選A項。.語法填空RecentlyIhavebeenthinkingabouthowIcanhelpothers,even_1_thesimplestways.BecauseIspendfivedaysstudyingatschool,Ifocuson_2_Icandoformyclassmate

24、s.IstartedinmyEnglishclass.Iusuallygodowntownforlunch.SoafterIatemyfood,Iboughttwosmallbagsofcookiesandalargecupoficedtea.Igottoclassbeforeeveryoneelse,andIdecidedtopicksomeone_3_neededalittlemorebrightnessonthatday.Everyonecamein_4_readthenote：“RandomActofKindness.PayitForward.”Theywerepretty5_(exc

25、ite).IactedasifIwereastonishedtoavoidbeingfoundoutandremainunknown.Tomy_6_(surprised),theboysharedthefoodwiththeentireclass.Thenextday,theboywhoreceivedmygiftdidpassiton.Andheboughtsomefoodandadrinkfor_7_studentwhohadclassafterus.Thefollowingday,ImadeaCD,whichwasfilledwithpleasantmusic,withthepurpos

26、eof_8_(cheer)anyoneupwhowashavingaroughdayorwhojustwantedtobeinagoodmood.Iput_9_onanotherstudentsdesk.WhenhesawtheCD,hesharedthemusicwithusduringclass,whichmadeeverybodyhappy.AndI_10_(leave)feelinggoodaboutmyselfthewholeday.1_2._5._6._3._7._4._8._9._10._篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇記敘文。作者決定從幫助身邊的人入手開始幫助他人。他默默地做出兩個小小的善

27、舉為同學(xué)買午飯及送同學(xué)CD，并收到了很好的效果：其他同學(xué)分享并傳遞了他的愛心行為，同時作者也體會到了助人的快樂。1in考查介詞。名詞way通常與介詞in搭配，表示“以的方式”。2what考查賓語從句的連接詞?？仗幰龑?dǎo)賓語從句，且從句中缺少賓語，故用連接詞what引導(dǎo)。3who考查定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞?？仗幰龑?dǎo)定語從句，先行詞為someone，從句中缺少主語，故填關(guān)系代詞who。4and考查連詞。大家進(jìn)來后，讀了那張便條。表示緊接著發(fā)生的兩個動作，因此填連詞and，表示并列關(guān)系。5excited考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，主語是人，本空應(yīng)填過去分詞excited“激動的，興奮的”，作表語，描述人的心理狀態(tài)。6surprise考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。toonessurprise為固定搭配，意為“使某人驚奇的是”，所有格ones后應(yīng)填名詞surprise。7a考查冠詞。根據(jù)語境，此處泛指“一個同學(xué)”，故用不定冠詞a。8cheering考查非謂語動詞。withthepurposeof為固定搭配，意為“為了”，介詞of