任務型閱讀(含答案解析)

1、.任務型閱讀知識清單一、考點分析任務型閱讀是“閱讀理解”的另一種形式,綜合考查學生歸納概括能力和語篇結(jié)構理解能力。其內(nèi)容涉及廣泛,要求學生在閱讀理解的基礎上,完成一項任務或解決一個問題。所以“任務型閱讀”是介于閱讀理解和寫作之間,其任務已不同于閱讀理解中的選擇題或書面表達,而是在理解文字的基礎上,完成相應的圖表或文字練習,從而有效地測試學生用英語“做事”的能力。根據(jù)任務類型,常見題型有以下四種:1.完成表格型此類任務型閱讀要求我們在理解文本信息的基礎上,根據(jù)材料提供的直接信息或由我們推理、提煉后的間接信息完成題目要求的任務。其閱讀內(nèi)容更貼近學生的生活實際,任務的設置變化多樣,不光有簡單信息的捕

2、捉,而且有閱讀短文,通過對短文信息的歸納,加工處理,運用語言邏輯推理和思維能力來完成表格。2.回答問題型此類任務型閱讀要求我們根據(jù)短文、表格、圖片或圖文結(jié)合的材料回答命題者設定的問題,所設置的任務通過事實或細節(jié)的查找就能完成,與普通閱讀理解的解題方法相似,只是題目設計采用了主觀題形式,沒有給出選項,需要我們從材料中尋求信息,以一個完整的句子,或者是其適當?shù)目s略形式作答。從問題所涉及的內(nèi)容看,考查文本表層理解多于深層理解,其設計的問題多為五W或一般疑問句的細節(jié)性問題,而涉及推理判斷、文章主旨、寫作意圖及作者態(tài)度、感受等的題目則少之又少。此類題型是學生失分較多的題型之一,要求學生有較扎實的語言基礎

3、和較強的綜合運用英語的能力。3.句子還原型還原短文型“閱讀理解”題有兩種形式:即選擇句子還原短文和排列段落還原短文。第一種形式要求考生根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從文后所給的句子中選出適當?shù)木渥犹钊攵涛目瞻滋?。第二種形式是給出一篇200300個詞的短文,要求考生根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容和結(jié)構,將順序打亂的段落重新排序,有時首段或尾段的位置已給出。這種題型旨在考查考生對短文整體結(jié)構的理解能力,要求考生從短文的篇章結(jié)構的層面上把握短文,了解其大概意思和結(jié)構,分清句子或段落之間的邏輯關系,然后還原成短文的原貌。4.多元綜合型.此類任務型閱讀是上述各種題型的綜合,可以給出不同的任務讓學生逐一完成。一般是在問題設計上兼顧了多種類

4、型,既有根據(jù)短文設計的問答題和相應的翻譯題、句型轉(zhuǎn)換等,又有根據(jù)內(nèi)容完成句子,完成這一題型應非常細致,應認真地到原材料中收集有用的信息,并且經(jīng)過整理輸出信息。在明白題意和文意的基礎上,仔細閱讀后面的題目要求,根據(jù)實際情況去完成所要求的任務。二、解題步驟1.明確任務。由于題目要求形式多樣,在同一篇閱讀材料中會要求完成不同的任務,因此解題前要先明確任務,做到心中有數(shù)。2.一一對應,緊扣原文。即在原文中找出問題題干所包括的信息部分,這樣就可以快速準確地抓住有效信息,確保答題的準確性。如果是根據(jù)英文釋義寫單詞的題,則一定要確保所填的單詞來源于原文,切不可脫離原文,隨意發(fā)揮。3.注意讀寫結(jié)合。任務型閱讀

5、不僅考查學生閱讀理解層面的能力,更加注重考查學生“寫”的能力。若是寫單詞,則要注意拼寫正確,詞形、詞性有無變化,是否需要大寫;若所要完成的是短語或句子成分,則需謹慎對待,依據(jù)所給題干分析要完成的是什么句子成分,需用什么樣的表達方式,不可簡單草率地將文XX息直接挪用。4.認真檢查。完成任務后要重新審視材料,檢查所做的答案是否復合要求,同時語言要精練準確。提分策略1.認真審題,讀懂題意由于題目要求形式多樣,在同一篇閱讀材料中會要求完成不同的任務,因此解題前要先明確任務,做到心中有數(shù)。2.快速閱讀,掌握大意在做題時要快速掃視一下文章的大意,然后結(jié)合前面的題目的要求,大致明白所要完成的任務。3.細讀題

6、目,完成任務在明白題意和文章意思的基礎上,仔細閱讀后面的題目要求,在原文中找出問題題干所包括的信息部分,這樣就可以快速準確地抓住有效信息,確保答題的準確性。如果是根據(jù)英文.釋義寫單詞的題,則一定要確保所填的單詞來源于原文,切不可脫離原文,隨意發(fā)揮。4.復讀文章,核實任務在初步完成所要求的任務以后,學生必須再仔細閱讀所提供的短文,結(jié)合題意、文章和文后提供的任務信息、認真核實任務以保證答題正確。5.注意讀寫結(jié)合任務型閱讀不僅考查學生閱讀理解層面的能力,更加注重考查學生“寫”的能力。若是寫單詞,則要注意拼寫正確,詞形、詞性有無變化,是否需要大寫;若所要完成的是短語或句子成分,則需謹慎對待,依據(jù)所給題

7、干分析要完成的是什么句子成分,需用什么樣的表達方式,不可簡單草率地將文XX息直接挪用?？傊?任務型閱讀理解不同于傳統(tǒng)的閱讀理解,它介于閱讀理解與寫作之間,教師應該適應新課改的要求,掌握任務型閱讀理解的特點,加強學生任務型閱讀能力的培養(yǎng)?！纠?】(2014XXXX6165)HaveyoueveraskedyourrelativesorfriendsifthereisWi-Fiintheirhouses?HaveyoueversearchedforWi-Fiwhenyouareatrestaurantsorhotels?Theanswerswillprobablybe“Yes”.Mostofusw

8、antWi-Fieverywhereasifwecantlivewithoutit.ButwecanonlyusefreeWi-Fiinsomepublicplaces.Westillhavetospendsomemoneyaccessing(連接)theInternetatmosttime.Herecomesapieceofgoodnews.Arich,powerfulorganizationintheUSAcalledtheMediaDevelopmentInvestmentFund(MDIF)hasdecidedtochangetheageofonlinecomputing(計算)com

9、pletelybygivingfreeWi-FitoeverypersononEarth.TheywillsenduphundredsofsatellitesintolowEarthorbit(軌道)in2015.Thisisbecausetheyhavemadeasurveyandfoundthatonly60%oftheworldspopulationhavebeenabletogetinformationontheInternet.Andthisisalsobecausemanycountriesareunabletoofferpeoplethenecessaryinfrastructu

10、re(基礎設施)toaccesstheweb.WecanexpecttousefreeWi-Fieverywhereinthenearfuture.閱讀以上信息,用恰當?shù)脑~完成下面的表格,每空一詞。PresentsituationManyofuswantWi-Fieverywhereasifwecantlive.withoutit.AccessingtheInternet1ussomemoney.MDIFhasmadeadecisiontosenduphundredsofWhatthesatellitesintolowEarthorbitin2015sothatfororganizationw

11、illdoeverypersononEarth,therewillbefreeWi-Fi2.Only60%oftheworldspopulationhavebeenabletogetinformationontheInternet.3Manycountriescant4peoplewiththenecessaryinfrastructuretoaccesstheweb.FreeWi-Fiwill5theworldinthenearWhatwecanexpectfuture.【主旨大意】本文是一篇說明文。文章講述了當下非常流行的Wi-Fi。當你到親戚或朋友家或在餐廳或賓館,都免不了去搜尋Wi-F

12、i,這些里面有的Wi-Fi是免費的,而有的是收費的。令人高興的是美國一家有實力的組織MDIF到2015年將為全球的人們提供免費的Wi-Fi。【答案】1.costs根據(jù)文章第一段句子“Westillhavetospendsomemoneyaccessing(連接)theInternetatmosttime.”可知搜尋網(wǎng)絡花很多錢,所以填costs。2.available根據(jù)文章第二段句子“(MDIF)hasdecidedtochangetheageofonlinecomputing(計算)completelybygivingfreeWi-FitoeverypersononEarth.”可知在20

13、15年MDIF將提供免費的Wi-Fi,所以說到2015年全球?qū)⒂忻赓M的Wi-Fi可以使用的?？梢岳玫囊猘vailable來表示。3.Reason(s)/Cause(s)根據(jù)文章第三段句子“Thisisbecausetheyhavemadeasurveyandfoundthatonly60%oftheworldspopulationhavebeenabletogetinformationontheInternet.”中的關鍵詞because可知,這些是MDIF為人們提供免費Wi-Fi的原因。4.provide根據(jù)文章第三段句子“manycountriesareunabletoofferpeop

14、lethenecessaryinfrastructure(基礎設施)toaccesstheweb”中的關鍵詞offer可知很多國家不能夠為人們提供搜尋網(wǎng)絡的基礎設施。providesb.withsth.表示“為某人提供某物”。.5.cover/s根據(jù)文章最后一段“WecanexpecttousefreeWi-Fieverywhereinthenearfuture.”可知在不久的將來,免費的Wi-Fi將覆蓋全球。cover意為“覆蓋”?！纠?】(2013XX萊蕪)閱讀短文,根據(jù)要求完成下面各小題。Alifecoachissomebodywhohelpsyoureachallkindsofpers

15、onalandprofessionalgoals(目標).Eachofushastheabilitytobeourownlifecoach.Herearesometipsforyou:PayattentiontoyourrelationshipswithothersAskyourselfthefollowingquestions:Howdoyoudealwithdisagreements?Whenwasthelasttimeyoushowedyourfamilymembersthatyoucareforthem?Yourrelationshipswithfriends,familymember

16、sandteachersshowalotaboutwhatkindofpersonyouare.FacethefearsaboutthefutureNow,imaginethatoneofyourgoodfriendstoldyouthatheorshewasnotstrongenoughtogobacktoschool.3Weoftengivebetteradvicethanwearewillingtotakeourselves.Rememberthateventhemostsuccessfulpeoplewereprobablytoldthatwhattheywantedtodowasim

17、possible,buttheyfollowedtheirdreamsandsucceed.DevelopyourtalentsIfyouwanttoreachyourgoals,youwillhavetospendmoretimedevelopingthetalentsyoualreadyhave,anduncoveringanyhiddentalentsthatyouhaventdiscoveredyet.Soyoucantakeclassesinsubjectsthatyouareinterestedin,evenifyouhavenoexperience.BethankfulTakes

18、ometimetobethankfulforthethingsyoudohave.Rememberpositivememories.4Thinkofthebestday(s)youhavehadinthepastmonthsoryears.Rememberspecialparties,vacationsandholidays.Appreciatethewonderfulpeopleyouhaveinyourlife.A.根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容簡要回答問題。1.Whichtipdoyouthinkinfluencesyoumost?.2.Whyshouldyoupayattentiontoyourrela

19、tionshipswithothers?B.將短文中畫線的句子譯成漢語。3.4.C.請給短文擬一個適當?shù)臉祟}。5.【主旨大意】本文主要講的是我們每個人都是自己的生活導師和如何面對處理生活中的一些問題?！敬鸢浮?.Payattentiontoyourrelationshipswithothers./Facethefearsaboutthefuture./Developyourtalents./Bethankful.2.Becauseyour/our/myrelationshipswithothers/friends,familymembersandteachersshowalotaboutwha

20、tkindofpersonyou/weare/Iam.3.我們經(jīng)常給別人更好的建議,而自己卻不愿接受。4.想一想在過去的歲月里你擁有的最美好的時光。5.Tobeyourownlifecoach/Beingyourownlifecoach/Howtobeyourownlifecoach/Thetips/suggestionsofbeingyourownlifecoach.專項訓練Passage1(2014XXXX)Muchmeaningcanbeconveyed(傳送)withoureyes,soitisoftensaidthateyescanspeak.Doyouhavesuchkindofe

21、xperience?Inabusyoumaylookatastranger,butnottoolong.Andifheissensingthatheisbeingstared(盯)at,hemayfeeluncomfortable.Thesameisindailylife.Ifyouarelookedatformorethannecessary,youwilllookatyourselfupanddowntoseeifthereisanythingwrongwithyou.Ifnothinggoeswrong,youwillfeelangrytowardothersstareatyouthat

22、way.Eyesdospeak,right?Lookingtoolongatsomeonemayseemtobeimpoliteandevenrude.Butthingsaredifferentwhenitcomestostareattheoppositesex.Ifamanstaresatawoman.formorethan10secondsandrefusestoturnhiseyesawayfromthewoman,hispurposeisobvious.Thatis,hewishestoattractherattention,tomakeherunderstandthatheisadm

23、iringher.However,thenormaleyecontactfortwopeopleduringaconversationisthatthespeakerwillonlylookatthelistenerfromtimetotime;inordertomakesurethatthelistenerispayingattentiontowhatthespeakerisspeaking,totellhimthatheisinterested.Ifaspeakerlooksatyoucontinuouslywhenspeaking,asifhetriestocontrolyou,youw

24、illfeeluncomfortable.Apoorliar(說謊者)usuallylookstoolongatthevictim,becausehebelievesthatlookingstraightintheeyeisasignofhonestcommunication.Infact,continuouseyecontactonlyhappensbetweentwolovers,whowillenjoylookingateachothergentlyforalongtime,toshowfeelingthatwordscannotexpress.Obviously,eyecontacts

25、houldbedoneaccordingtotherelationshipbetweentwopeopleandthepropersituation.Eyescantalkinourdailylife.Alotoffeelingscanbeconveyedtootherswithoureyes.Therearealotoffactstoproveit.閱讀下面短文,并根據(jù)所讀內(nèi)容在文章后的表格中填入恰當?shù)膯卧~,每空一詞。Youmayfeel1ifyouarestaredatformorethannecessary.Andyouwonderifthereisanythingwrongwithyo

26、u.Ifnot,youwillfeelveryangry.Whenstaringattheoppositesex:Lookingtoolongatawomanyou2meansthatyouwanttoattractherattention.Andmostoftime,continuouseyecontactisjustfortwolovers.Whenhavinga3withothers:Ifthespeakerlooksatthelistenerat4duringtheconversation,itsanormaleyecontact.Ifthespeakerisaliar,looking

27、straightintheeyetoolongisntasignofhonestcommunication.Soremembertolookatothersatthe5time.Ifnot,itwillmakeothersuncomfortable.Passage2(2014XXXX)Everyonehastheirdream.Theygiveuscourageandconfidencetokeepusgoing.throughdifficulties.(1)Hereissomeadviceonhowtorealizeourbeautifuldreams.Nevergivingupisthek

28、eytomakingourdreamscometrue.Wemayfailfromtimetotime,butwecanlearnfromfailure,correctourmistakesandtryagainuntilweachieveourgoals.Forthatreason,nomatterwhatdifficultieswemeet,wewontfailunlesswegiveupourhopes.Ourlifeislikealongjourneywhichisnotallroses.Itsometimeshaswindandrain.Webelieverainbowwillapp

29、earafterstorms.(2)Wewillrealizeourdreamsatlastifwedoourbest.Cooperationisalsonecessary.(3)Everyonelikesapersonwhoisgoodatcooperatingwithothers.(4)除此之外,在我們這個社會里,大多數(shù)困難不可能被一個人單獨解決。Eachofusislikeapartofamachine.Ifonepartisntinorder,themachinecantworkwell.Itshardforapersonwhoisawayfromthesocietytohaveade

30、epunderstandingoftheworld.Cooperationisbecomingoneofthemostwaysforpeoplelivinginthedevelopingsociety.Asasayinggoes“Onetreedoesntmakeaforest.”Atthesametime,weshouldlearntoexamineourabilitiesbecauseithelpsusknowaboutouradvantagesanddisadvantagesaswellasgetafullcontrolofourselves.Thenwemaybeconfidenten

31、oughtofacechallenges.Followthesuggestionsabove,andourdreamsaresuretocometrue.1.把(1)處的句子改成復合句。2.把(2)處的句子改成并列句。3.把(3)處的句子譯成漢語。4.把(4)處的句子譯成英語。5.寫出文章的標題。Passage3(2014XX東臺)NowstudentsEnglishhandwritinggetsworseandworse.Thatmakestheirteachersfeelworried.IsyourEnglishhandwritingbeautiful?Ifnot,herearefour.

32、stepsthatreallywork!UsepaperthathaslinesUsingpaperthathaslinescankeepyouwritingstraightwhenyouwriteEnglishwordsorsentences.Thoselinesonthepapercanhelpyoutowritewordsintherightsize.Besuretofillthelinedspacecompletely.Andmakesurethosecapitalletters(大寫字母)arewrittenproperly.SlowdownIfyourwritingishardto

33、read,tryslowingdownalittle.Forsomekids,goingslowermakesthehandwritingclear.Ifyouwritetoofast,itshardforyoutostopwhereyoushould,andevenworse,youmaymakemoremistakes.HoldyourpencilrightWhenyouholdyourpencilthecorrectway,writingismucheasier.Somekidspress(按,壓)downreallyhardwhentheywrite.Thatmakesthehandw

34、ritingnotnice.Trytorelaxyourselfanddontholdthepencilsohard.Letyourwritingappearniceandclean.Ifyoudoso,peoplewillguessyouareastudentwithagoodhabit.DrawmorepicturesDrawingcanimproveyourhandwriting.Youneedtousetheskillstocontrolyourpencilbetterwhenyouaredrawingpictures.Eventhoughyouhavenochancetodrawat

35、school,youcanpracticebyyourselfathome.Handwritingisveryimportant.Imagineyouareaworld-famousmoviestarorawell-knownsportsplayer,whatdoyoudowhenyourfansrunuptoyou?Givethemyourautographs(親筆簽名),ofcourse!閱讀下面短文,根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容完成表格中所缺信息,每空一詞。Four1tomakeyourhandwritingbeautifulUsepaper2linesUsingpaperthathaslinescan

36、stopyoufromwritingupor3whenyouwriteEnglishwordsorsentences.Besuretofillthelinedspacecompletely.Andmakesurethosecapitallettersarewritten4.SlowdownTryslowingdownalittle.Ifyouwritetoofast,itshardforyoutostopwhereyoushould,andyoumaymakemore5.6yourpencilright.Whenyouholdyourpencilthecorrectway,writingism

37、uch7.Trytobe8anddontholdthepencilsohard.DrawmorepicturesWhile9pictures,youneedtousetheskillstocontrolyourpencilbetter.Eventhoughyouhavenochancetodrawatschool,youcanpractice10athome.Passage4(2013XX)下面是一篇關于個人愛好的文章。請仔細閱讀,然后根據(jù)信息卡內(nèi)容的要求填入相關信息。Ihavemanyhobbies,suchasreading,skating,playingtennisandwatching

38、TV.Butreadingismyfavoritehobby.Ilikereadingforthreereasons.Firstofall,booksintroducemetoanewworld,whichiscolorfulandwithouttimeandspacelimit.Throughreading,IcangobacktoancientEgypt.IcanalsogototheUnitedStates,agreatlandIhavebeenlongingtovisit.Secondly,readingcanimprovemyselfbyshowingmeanewhorizon(見識

39、).Inthepastfewyears,Ihavegotmostofmyknowledgefrombooks.Ihavelearnedfrommanypeoplebyreadingabouttheirideasonscience,politics,lifeandsociety.Thirdly,readingcanbridgethegap(差距)betweenmydreamandmygoal.Inordertosucceedinmycareer(事業(yè))inthefuture,Imustkeepreading,thinkingandpracticing.Readinghasbecomeaparto

40、fmylife.Duringtheday,Ispendsometimereadingbooks,newspapersandmagazines.Atnight,Icanhardlygotosleepwithoutanovelinmyhand.InformationCardWhatotherhobbiesdoesthewriterhavebesides(1)reading?(2)Threereasonswhythewriterlikesreading(3)(4)Whattoread?(5)Passage5(2013XXXX).OperationSmilewasstartedbyadoctorand

41、hiswife,anurse,In1982they(A)thePhilippines,withagroupofvolunteerstohelpchildrenwhohadproblemswiththeirfaces.Thesechildrenhadholesintheirlipsorinsidetheirmouths.Itwasvery(B)difficultforthesechildrentoeat.TheyhelpedmanychildreninthePhilippines,buttheyweresad,because(C)他們沒有足夠的錢tohelpallthechildren.They

42、decidedtostartacharitysothattheycouldhelpthem.TheycalledOperationSmile.NowOperationSmilehelpschildren(D)morethantwentydevelopingcountriesandhascuredabouttenthousandchildren.OperationSmilehaswonmanyprizesforitsworkandin1999,anotherspecialactivitywasstarted,whichwascalled“TheWorldJourneyofHope”.During

43、thisactivity,morethanfivethousandchildrenwithholesintheirfacesandlipswerecuredineighteendifferentcountriesaroundtheworld.OperationSmilealsotrainsdoctorsindevelopingcountriessothattheycancontinuetohelpchildreneven(E)theOperationSmileteamhasleftthecountry.ChildrenwithseriousproblemsarebroughttotheUSAf

44、ortreatment(治療).(F)Allofthiscostsalot,sopleasegiveasmuchaspossible.Manythanksfromthechildrenwhocansmile.1.在(A)和(E)空白處分別填入適當?shù)膯卧~。AE2.分別寫出畫線部分(B)和(D)處的同義詞或近義詞。BD3.將畫線部分(C)處翻譯成漢語。C4.將畫線部分(F)處改寫為同義句。Allofthis.5.找出能說明本文的中心大意的主題短語:.Passage6(2013XXXX二模)Doyoufindenoughtimeforlaughing?Imnotaskingifyouexperien

45、celotsofgoodtimes.Ofcourse,weshouldlaughduringthehappytimes.Butdoyoualsolaugh.duringthedifficulttimes?ErmaBombeckisknownforherfunnybooks.Butshewroteoneaboutamoreserioussubject-cancer(癌癥)inchildren.Thebookistitled,IWANTEDTOGROWHAIR,IWANTTOGROWUP.Ermatalkswithmanychildrenwhohavecancerandlearnsimportan

46、tlessonsfromthem.Shelearns,forexample,thatcancersurvivors(幸存者)knowhowtheyshouldsmileatlife,thoughtheyarereceivingchemotherapy(化療).Shetellsabouttheexperienceof15-year-oldJessica.Jessicaslegwascutoffatthekneebecauseofcancer.Shewaslearningtowearaprosthesis(假肢).Jessicatoldaboutplayingsoccer.Shehitthebal

47、lhardwithherfoot.Theballflewoffinonedirection(方向)whileherman-madelegflewanotherway.Thenthebravegirllayonthefloor,laughinghappily.Asthesayinggoes(正如諺語所說),“Theresatimetocryandatimetolaugh.”Doyoufindplentyoftimetolaugh?Youcanifyoufindreasonstolaughduringthedifficulttimes.Survivorsknowhowtolaugh.Ifyouca

48、nlaughevenwhenyoureintrouble,youwillmakeit.Remember,laughandthewholeworldlaughwithyou.Cryandyoucryalone!任務一根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容回答問題:1.Whendoweusuallylaugh,duringthehappytimesorduringthedifficulttimes?2.WhatimportantlessonsdoesErmalearnfrommanychildren?任務二選擇最佳答案3.WhywasJessicaslegcutoffattheknee?Because.A.shehascancerB.shewroteabook.C.shehastroubleD.sheflewanotherway4.Whatdosurvivorsknowtododuringthedifferenttimes?They.A.knowwhytolaugh.B.knowhowtocryC.knowhowtolaughD.knowwhentocry任務三把短文中的黑體字部分翻譯成漢語:5.參考答案與解析Passage1【主旨大意】本文主要介紹一個人的眼睛盯著某人超過十秒鐘的話,對方就會感覺不舒服,甚至會覺得沒有禮貌。如果盯著一個女性,他的目的是很明顯的。