2012版英語一輪知識點學案：Unit2《Cloning》（新人教版選修8）

1、 世紀金榜 圓您夢想 第 PAGE 12頁（共 NUMPAGES 12頁） 英語投稿咨詢QQ：1123682317 山東世紀金榜書業(yè)有限公司2012版英語一輪知識點學案：Unit2Cloning（新人教版選修8）.重要單詞聚焦1differ vi.不同；相異2undertake vt. 著手；從事；承擔3Breakthrough n. 突破4Object vi. 反對；不贊成5obtainvt. 獲得；贏得6Attain vt. 獲得；到達(水平、年齡、狀況等)7forbid vt. 禁止；不準8Accumulate vt. 積累；聚積9owe vt. 欠(賬、錢、人情等)；歸功于10shor

2、tlyadv. 立刻；不久11retire vi. 退休；離開12bother vt.& vi. 打擾；操心13assumptionn. 假定；設想14regulationn. 規(guī)則；規(guī)章；法規(guī)15strikevi.& vt. 打；撞擊；罷工16vainadj. 虛榮的；自負的；徒勞的 17resistvt. 抵抗；對抗18merely adv. 僅；只；不過19decoration n. 裝飾20adore vt. 崇拜；愛慕；喜愛21reasonable adj. 合情理的；講道理的；公道的.重要短語掃描1pay off得到好結果；取得成功；償清2cast down沮喪；不愉快3in fa

3、vour of 贊成；支持4(be) bound to (do). 一定或注定(做)5o ones heart 使刻骨銘心6fromtime to time 不時；偶爾7bring back to life使復生；使復活8in vain白費力氣；枉費心機9in good/poor condition狀況很好(壞)；情況很好(壞)10have a great impact on 對有很大影響.課文原句突破1Then came the disturbing news that Dolly had become seriously ill.Cloning scientists were cast d

4、own to find that Dollys illnesses were more appropriate to a much older animal.信息提取be appropriate to (for) sth.適合于的；適當?shù)?。例句仿寫你應當用一種適合你的文章主題的寫作風格。You should write it in a style which_ _ _ _ _.【答案】is appropriate to your subject2Is it in favour of cloning or against it?信息提取in favour of贊成，支持。例句仿寫我對她講了我們的

5、計劃，她表示贊同。I have told her about our plan，and she_ _ _ _ _.【答案】is in favour of it3Dollys death，like her birth，was bound to raise worries.信息提取be bound to肯定會。例句仿寫看看天，今天下午一定會下雨。Look at the sky，_ _ _ _this afternoon.【答案】its bound to rain4Scientists believe human cloning is just a matter of time but the as

6、sumption that human clones have already been born hasnt been proved yet.信息提取a matter of的問題。例句仿寫你應該把這當成一回事，這是一個生死攸關的問題。You should take it seriously.Its_ _ _ _ _ _.【答案】a matter of life and deathundertake (undertook，undertaken) vt.著手；從事；承擔They undertook a dangerous task.他們承擔了一項危險任務。He undertook to fini

7、sh the job by Friday.他答應在星期五以前完成那工作。I can undertake that you will enjoy the trip.我保證你會喜歡這次旅行。1Who do you think is the right person to _the task?Aundergo BundertakeCunderstand Dunderline【解析】undertake the task表示“承擔任務”為固定搭配，A、C、D均不與the task 構成有意義的詞組。【答案】Bforbid (forbade/forbad；forbidden) vt.禁止(1)forbid

8、 sb./sth.If you want to marry her，I wont forbid you.如果你要娶她，我不會禁止你。(2)forbid doing sth.禁止做某事The new law forbids smoking in offices.新法律禁止在辦公室內(nèi)抽煙。(3)forbid sb.to do sth.禁止做某事Her father forbade her to go out alone.她父親不許她單獨外出。My father forbade me to watch TV，which made me unhappy.我父親禁止我看電視，這使我不高興。2Can I

9、smoke here?Sorry.We dont allow_here.Apeople smoking Bpeople smokeCto smoke Dsmoking【解析】句意為：這里允許吸煙嗎？抱歉，這里不允許吸煙。allow允許，這個詞的用法如下：allow sb.to do sth.；allow doing sth.。如：We dont allow talking loudly in the hall.由此可知allow后有賓語時應用to do，而沒有時用doing?！敬鸢浮緿3He was in poor health，so the doctor_him to drink wine.

10、Ahoped BdemandedCforbade Dprevented【解析】由于身體差，醫(yī)生禁止他喝酒，用forbid?！敬鸢浮緾object (1)vi.不贊成，反對We object to being treated like this.我們抗議這種待遇。I objected that he was too young for the position.我提出反對意見他太年輕不適合這個職位。(2)n.物體，目標His object of studying English is to know more about England and the English people.他學習英語的

11、目的是更多地了解英國和英國人民。objection n反對；不贊成have/take/make an objection to (doing) sth.對表示反對raise an objection to sth.對提出異議My main objection to the plan is that it costs too much.我反對該計劃的主要理由是它費用太高。4We_to punishing a whole group for one persons fault.Acomplain BobjectCoppose Dresist【解析】考查動詞辨析。句意為：我們反對因為一個人的過失而去

12、懲罰所有的人。complain抱怨，悲嘆，控訴；object反對；object to doing反對做；oppose反對，使對立，使對抗；resist抵抗，反抗，忍得住?！敬鸢浮緽owe vt.(1)欠(錢、物、債等)，后面通常跟直接賓語和間接賓語，即：owe sb.sth.或owe sth.to sb.。Dont forget you still owe 150 yuan to the wine shop.別忘了，你還欠酒店150元錢呢。(2)owe.to.把歸功于He owes his success to hard work and practice.他把他的成功歸功于努力工作和實踐。I

13、f I have improved in any way，I owe it all to my teacher.如果說我有一些進步，這應該全部歸功于我的老師。(3)owe亦可解釋為“應當給予”。You owe me an apology.你得向我道歉。We should do the duty which we owe to our country.我們應對國家盡我們應盡的義務。(1)owing tobecause of因為，由于，后接名詞、代詞、動名詞作賓語，構成介詞短語，表原因。Owing to the rain，they could not come.由于下雨，他們不能來了。(2)owe

14、 it to sb.that.I owe it to you that I finished my work in time.多虧你幫忙，我才及時完成了工作。5She owes her success_good luck more than _ability.Ato；and Bof；toCto；to Dto；in【解析】本題意中owe的含義是“歸功于”的意思，應與介詞to連用。句中more than的意思是“而不是”，用做連詞連接兩個介詞短語，句意為“她的成功是由于幸運，而不是由于有才干”?！敬鸢浮緾bother(1)vt.打擾；vi.操心 I dont want to bother you

15、with my problems.我不想讓你因為我的問題而擔心。Dont bother Mary while shes reading.瑪麗讀書的時候不要打擾她。It bothers me that he hasnt been telling me the truth.他一直沒有對我講真話，這讓我很苦惱。(2)n.煩擾；令人煩惱的事或人I hate to be a bother，but could I use your phone?給您添麻煩了，我可以用一下電話嗎？6Im very sorry to have_you with so many questions on such an occa

16、sion.Aattracted BabstractedCimpressed Dbothered【解析】對不起，有這么多問題麻煩你。bother打擾，麻煩。【答案】Dpay off還清(債務等)，付清，回報I paid off all the debts after years of hard work.經(jīng)過幾年的艱苦勞動我還清了所有的債務。All his efforts paid off at last.他所有努力最終有了回報。辨析：pay for，pay back 與pay off(1)pay for表示“付的錢”“因而受懲罰”。She paid 200 dollars for that r

17、ing.她買那個戒指花了兩百美元。(2)pay back償還；報復Can you lend me 10？Ill pay you back on Friday.你能借給我10英鎊嗎？我星期五就還你。He paid me back by not coming.他不來，以此來報復我。 (3)pay off意為“還清(債務)”“結算清薪水解雇”“成功”等。It took them three years to pay off their debts.他們用了3年才還清了債務。7Li Feng won the first prize in the national English competition

18、.Oh，really？Im glad that her efforts at last_.Aworked out Bgot backCpaid off Dturned out【解析】下句意為“我很高興她的努力最后獲得回報”。pay off(指冒風險的政策、做法等)帶來好結果，成功，行得通。又如：The gamble paid off.賭贏了?！敬鸢浮緾in favour of贊成，支持Are you in favour of cloning or against cloning?你贊成克隆行為還是反對克隆行為？I spoke in favour of the plan.我發(fā)言贊同這項計劃 Co

19、uld you do me a favour and turn off the light?請幫忙把燈關掉好嗎？Could you do me the favour to pick up Sam from school today?今天你能幫我個忙去學校接薩姆嗎？8 My sister was against my suggestion while my brother was_it.Ain favour of Bin memory ofCin honour of Din search of【解析】本題考查介詞短語的辨析。此處while表示轉(zhuǎn)折對比，against表示反對。故選用in favo

20、ur of表示“贊成”。B表示“為紀念”；C表示“為了向表示敬意”；D表示“尋找”，均不合題意。【答案】AThen came the disturbing news that Dolly had become seriously ill.接著傳來了令人煩惱的消息多莉得了重病。(1)表示方位、時間或方式的副詞或介詞短語，如：here，there，now，then，up，down，in，away，off，out，in the room，on the wall等置于句首時，句子倒裝。Look，here comes the bus.看，公共汽車來了。Out rushed the children.孩子

21、們沖了出去。There goes the bell.鈴響了。(2)本句中的news 與that Dolly bad become seriously ill是同位語關系。常見的后接同位語從句的抽象名詞有：fact，news，hope，truth，idea，suggestion，thought，question，order，problem，belief，fear等。He had no idea when she would come back.他不知道她何時會回來。The thought that Lao Li would open a restaurant in New York surpri

22、sed his wife.老李要在紐約開飯店的想法讓他的妻子非常吃驚。He got a message from Mr Johnson that the manager could not see him that afternoon.他從約翰遜先生那里得到消息，經(jīng)理那天下午不能同他會面了。9_all over the hills and around the lake are wild flowers of different kinds.ATo grow BGrowingCGrown DGrow【解析】考查倒裝句。為保持句子平衡，或使上下文銜接更緊，可把介詞短語、形容詞、副詞或分詞提到句首

23、，引起完全倒裝。本題中把分詞提到了句首。正常語序為：Wild flowers of different kinds are growing all over the hills and around the lake.【答案】B10 A warm thought suddenly came to me_I might use the pocket money to buy some flowers for my mothers birthday.Aif BwhenCthat Dwhich【解析】that引導同位語從句，解釋a warm thought的具體內(nèi)容。that只起連接作用，但不能省略

24、?！敬鸢浮緾.單詞拼寫1Olympic basketball rules_(不同) slightly from the NBA rules.Instead of four periods，lasting 12 minutes each，there are two periods，lasting 20 minutes each.【答案】differ2The 36storied building is one of the most challenging projects the construction company have ever _(承擔)【答案】undertaken3My moth

25、er_(禁止) me to play computer games for a long time because she thinks they will ruin my study and future.【答案】forbids4Would it_(麻煩) you if I ask you a few questions?Not at all.【答案】bother5Some scientists put forward a(n)_(設想) that human beings can move to another planet in case the earth is not fit to

26、live on some day.【答案】assumption.巧思妙解1One more day，_Ill get everything ready.Aor BwhileCand Dbut【解析】考查特殊句式。此句是“祈使句/名詞短語and簡單句”句型，相當于“If I have one more day，Ill get everything ready.”。【答案】C2Share some of yours with those in great need and you _a difference.Awill make BmakeCmade Dhave made【解析】本句是“祈使句/名

27、詞短語and簡單句”句型，根據(jù)所給語境可知簡單句中的動作尚未發(fā)生，因此用一般將來時?！敬鸢浮緼3Follow your doctors advice，_your cough will get worse.Aor BandCthen Dso【解析】“祈使句or簡單句”是一個常見的基本句式，意思是“干某事，否則就會”。【答案】A4Start out right away，_youll miss the first train.Aand BbutCor Dwhile【解析】此題考查“祈使句/名詞短語and/or句子”這一句型。這一句型在高考中經(jīng)常考查，要特別注意祈使句省略動詞的情況：(Walk) o

28、ne more step，and the little boy will fall into the well.【答案】C5_and Ill get the work finished.AHave one more hour BOne more hourCGiven one more hour DIf I have one more hour 【解析】句意為：“再有一小時，我將完成工作”。此題考查“祈使句and句式”?！敬鸢浮緽.情景交際1Can you accompany your little brother to the post office now?_，if he is ready.

29、ABy all means BNo wayCMy pleasure DIn no case【解析】考查交際用語。by all means可以，當然可以。no way決不；my pleasure不客氣，很榮幸，回答他人道謝時的用語；in no case決不，無論如何不?！敬鸢浮緼2You must have had a good time at the party last night，didnt you?_.Actually，it was a bit boring.AOh，great BI suppose soCNot really DThats OK【解析】考查交際用語。依據(jù)下文的“事實上，

30、晚會有點乏味”可知，C選項符合題意?！敬鸢浮緾3Ive got the invitation to your school，Mr Johnson.Oh，good._.AHow do you like it? BHave you read it?CCan you come? DMay I help you?【解析】考查交際用語。根據(jù)“Ive got the invitation to your school” 可知，答語應該為“你來嗎？”【答案】C4Tom，Im sorry to say that I cant go to watch tonights match with you，for I

31、have to prepare for the coming exam._Have some fun!ADont have too many irons in the fire.BDont be a wet blanket.CDont put the cart before the horse.DDont pull my leg.【解析】Dont be a wet blanket意思是：別這么讓人掃興。句意為：湯姆，對不起，我今天晚上不能和你一起去看比賽了，因為我要為即將到來的考試做準備。別這么令人掃興，玩吧！A項意為“別攬?zhí)嗍隆保籆項意為“本末倒置”；D項意為“別開我玩笑了”?！敬鸢浮緽5How do you find the new book by JK.Rowling?_.I guess she is out of her talent.AWith the help of my motherBBy accidentCVery boringDIn the library【解析】“How do you find.”表示“你認為怎么樣”，