2022年公式化語法第六章Its…thatwho強(qiáng)調(diào)句及it的其他用法

1、第六章： It sthat/who 強(qiáng)調(diào)句及 it 的其他用法 強(qiáng)調(diào)句的形式比較簡(jiǎn)潔,無非就是將要強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分用 It s that/who 夾起來, 但是假如和其他的句式想結(jié)合就不那么簡(jiǎn)潔了； 這也是高考 青睞強(qiáng)調(diào)句的緣由所在； 第一節(jié)：基本結(jié)構(gòu) It s that/who 是英語中用語法手段對(duì)句中除謂語以外的某一成分 進(jìn)行強(qiáng)調(diào)的一種方法； 它的形式比較簡(jiǎn)潔, 只要把要強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分夾在 It s that/who 中間,其他部分照抄跟在后面； 1. 強(qiáng)調(diào)主語； I met Li Ming at the railway station yesterday. It was I that who me

2、t Li Ming at the railway station yesterday. 2. 強(qiáng)調(diào)賓語； I met Li Ming at the railway station yesterday. It was Li Ming that I met at the railway station yesterday. 3. 強(qiáng)調(diào)地點(diǎn)狀語； I met Li Ming at the railway station yesterday. It was at the railway station that I met Li Ming yesterday. 4. 強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間狀語； I met Li

3、Ming at the railway station yesterday. It was yesterday that I met Li Ming at the railway station. 5. 強(qiáng)調(diào)各種從句； He went to the factory at once because he had a lot of work to do. It was because he had a lot of work to do that he went to the factory at one.緣由狀語 6強(qiáng)調(diào)不定式； I often keep the windows wide ope

4、n to let the fresh air in. 第 1 頁,共 16 頁It is to let the fresh air in that I often keep the windows wide open. 其次節(jié)：應(yīng)當(dāng)留意的問題 用 It s that/who 結(jié)構(gòu)對(duì)句子進(jìn)行強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)應(yīng)當(dāng)留意一下幾個(gè)問題： 1. 這種結(jié)構(gòu)只有一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和一般過去時(shí)兩種時(shí)態(tài)；其他的時(shí)態(tài)很 少用這種句式進(jìn)行強(qiáng)調(diào)； It has been four years I gave up smoking. A. that. B. since. 分析：遇到這種高考題,我們就毫不考慮的選 B. since. 2. 在

5、強(qiáng)調(diào)主語時(shí), that 后的謂語動(dòng)詞要與被強(qiáng)調(diào)者保持人稱和數(shù)的一 致；如： It is I who am a teacher. 3. 即使被強(qiáng)調(diào)的主語是復(fù)數(shù), 主句中的謂語動(dòng)詞也用單數(shù)； 換句話說： 強(qiáng)調(diào)句中不行能顯現(xiàn) am, are, were；如： It is they who often help me with my lessons. 4. 強(qiáng)調(diào)句和 it 作形式主語的區(qū)分； 強(qiáng)調(diào)句中的 Its, that/who 在句中只是一種語法手段,沒有任何意義, 假如去掉不會(huì)對(duì)句子的意思產(chǎn)生影響, 或不會(huì)影響句子的完整性； 但 是, it 作形式主語的結(jié)構(gòu)假如去掉句子就不完整；由于 that

6、引導(dǎo)主語 從句時(shí)不能省略,而且 is/was 在句子中充當(dāng)謂語（系動(dòng)詞） ； It is a good idea that we eat out. 分析：假如去掉 it is 和 that, We eat out said. 很明顯時(shí)個(gè)不完整的句 子； 5. 強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間狀語的強(qiáng)調(diào)句和時(shí)間狀語從句的區(qū)分； 時(shí)間狀語從句中主句和從句都是完整的句子, it 指代時(shí)間,假如把其 中的 it, is/was 和 when 去掉,句子將不完整；而強(qiáng)調(diào)句就完整； It was 12:00 we went home. 第 2 頁,共 16 頁A. that B. when. 分析：假如去掉 it was 和橫線

7、, We went home 12:00 ；很明顯這是個(gè) 錯(cuò)誤的句子,缺少介詞 at. 真確的句子因該是： We went home at 12： 00. 6. 強(qiáng)調(diào)句和 as 引導(dǎo)的定語從句的區(qū)分； 這兩種句型的區(qū)分比較簡(jiǎn)潔, 再贅述； 在定語從句一章有詳細(xì)講解,此處不 總之,區(qū)分強(qiáng)調(diào)句和其他句式最有效的方法是： 去掉 it, is/was, that/who 或橫線后看句子是否完整； 假如完整確定是強(qiáng)調(diào)句, 不然為其他句式； 7. 強(qiáng)調(diào)句的反義問句； 強(qiáng)調(diào)句的反義問句比較簡(jiǎn)潔,只要將它看成 it is/was 的句子就可以 了； It is that , isnt it.It is not

8、 that , is it. It was that , wasnt it.It was not that , was it. 第三節(jié)：高考常見題型 1. 強(qiáng)調(diào)句的一般形式； 雖然這是最簡(jiǎn)潔的形式,但由于其在英語表達(dá)中占有很重要的位置, 因此在高考中常常顯現(xiàn)； It was in New Zealand Elizabeth first met Mr. Smith. 2022 全國 II 20 C. which D. when A. that B. how 分析：去掉 it was 和橫線：Elizabeth first met Mr. Smith in New Zealand. 句子完整；所以

9、 A. that ； 2. 強(qiáng)調(diào)句的一般疑問句； 強(qiáng)調(diào)句雖然簡(jiǎn)潔,但是換成一般疑問句后同學(xué)往往無從下手； Was that I saw last night at the concert. 1997 上海卷 第 3 頁,共 16 頁A. it you B. not you C. you D. that yourself 分析： 方法仍是一樣： 去掉句中的 it, was, that 再看句子是否完整； 如 果完整,就是強(qiáng)調(diào)句； 不完整在從其他的角度分析； I saw you last night at the center. 特殊完整；所以 A. it you ； 3. 強(qiáng)調(diào)句的特殊問句； 可

10、以說這是近年高考最受青睞的題型； 它的特點(diǎn)是使用廣泛, 靈敏多 變,但有確定的難度,對(duì)于高考這類選拔型考試特殊適合；它可以以 單獨(dú)的形式顯現(xiàn), 也可以與其他的從句形式相協(xié)作； 下面我們就來看 看這種結(jié)構(gòu)； （ 2）單獨(dú)的特殊疑問句； 格式：被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分（通常是疑問代詞或疑問副詞） + is/ was + it + that/ who + 其它部分？ 如： When was it that you were born. Why. I have nothing to confess. 上海卷 you want me to say. 2022 A. What is it that B. What it

11、 is that C. How is it that D. How it is that 分析：這是典型的強(qiáng)調(diào)句特殊疑問句；依據(jù)句意 A. What is it that ； （ 2）充當(dāng)名詞性從句的強(qiáng)調(diào)句特殊問句； 由于這種句型在句子中做了名詞性從句, 的特殊問句； 那么話句話說就是陳述語序 格式：被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分 （通常是疑問代詞或疑問副詞） + it is/ was + + that/ who + 其它部分； When asked to explain made his lessons so exciting, the teacher kept silent. A. what it is th

12、at B. that what it is C. what is it that D. that what is it 分析：這道題是強(qiáng)調(diào)句用作賓語從句；依據(jù)題意 A. what it is that ； 第 4 頁,共 16 頁4. It is/was not A but B that rather 這是帶有選擇性的強(qiáng)調(diào)句；當(dāng)然也可以顯現(xiàn)其他的連詞,如 than .有時(shí)也可以顯現(xiàn)幾種變形形式： a. It s A that not B. b. It s not A but B that c. It s A ratherthan B that d. It s A that rather tha

13、n B. It is not who is right but what is right is of importance. 2022 重慶卷 A. which B. it C. that D. this 分析：典型的選擇式強(qiáng)調(diào)句；所以 C. that； 5. not until 的強(qiáng)調(diào)； 可以說這是高考中顯現(xiàn)頻率最高的強(qiáng)調(diào)句類型；這種強(qiáng)調(diào)句比較特 殊,在強(qiáng)調(diào) not until 結(jié)構(gòu)中由 until 短語（或從句） 表示的時(shí)間狀 語時(shí), 要用固定的強(qiáng)調(diào)句型： It iswas not until .that. 留意此時(shí)原句 的 not until 要變成 not until , that

14、從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞要用確定式； 如： a. My father didnt come home until 12 oclock last night. b. It was not until 12 oclock last night that my father came home. c. I didn t realize she was a famous film star until she took off her darkglasses. d. It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a

15、famous film star. It we had stayed together for a couple of weeks I found we had a lot in common. 2022 浙江卷 A. was until; when C. wasn t until; when B. was until; that D. wasn t until; that 分析：標(biāo)準(zhǔn)句型,所以 D. wasnt until; th；第四節(jié)： it 的其他用法 第 5 頁,共 16 頁1. it 可用作人稱代詞,指示代詞,先行詞及引導(dǎo)詞等； （ 1）人稱代詞 it,是第三人稱單數(shù)中性,代表前文

16、已提到過的一件 事物；如： a. That vase is valuable. It smore than 200 years old. b. I love swimming. It keeps me fit. 當(dāng)說話者不清楚或無必要知道說話對(duì)象的性別時(shí),也可用 it 來表示； c. It s a lovely baby. Is it a boy or a girl.it 可用來指代團(tuán)體；如： d. The committee has met and it has rejected the proposal. it 用以代替指示代詞 this, that.如： e. - What s this

17、. - It s a pen. 2 指示代詞 it ,常用以指人；如： a. Go and see who it is. b. - Who is making such a noise. - It must be the children. 3 虛義 it 無指代性, 常用作沒有詳細(xì)意義的主語, 顯現(xiàn)于表示天氣, 氣候,溫度,時(shí)間,地點(diǎn),距離等意義的句子中；如： a. It is half past three now. b. It is six miles to the nearest hospital from here. c. It was very cold; it snowed an

18、d grew dark. 4it 也常用來表示一般的籠統(tǒng)的情形；如： a. It s awful I ve got so much work I don t knrot.wwh糟er透e to sta 了 我有這么多工作要做我不知從何開頭； b. How is it going with you. 你近況如何？ c. Take it easy. 不要緊急； d. I like it here. 我寵愛這個(gè)地方； e. It looks as if the college is very small. f. It seems as though our plan will be perfect.

19、 第 6 頁,共 16 頁g. It s my turn. 該輪到我了； 5 it 也常用于某些習(xí)慣用語中作賓語,各該習(xí)慣用語有詳細(xì)意義, 但 it 并無詳細(xì)意義；如： cab it 乘車 catch it 受責(zé),受罰 come it 盡自己分內(nèi) come it strong 做得過分 walk it 步行 make it 辦成 take it out of somebody 拿某人出氣 have it in sb. 某人有才能； 2. it 用作形式主語； it 充當(dāng)形式主語,只起一種先行引導(dǎo)的作用,為了讓句子平穩(wěn),真正 主語或真正賓語通常是不定式結(jié)構(gòu), V-ing 分詞結(jié)構(gòu)或名詞性從句；

20、a. It is difficult to translate this article. b. It is getting harder every day for a lazy man to get a living. c. What time would it be most convenient for me to call again. 什么時(shí)候 我再給你打電話最合適？ d. It is no use going there so early. e. It has been a great honor your coming to visit me. f. It is strange

21、 that he did not come at all. g. It doesn t matter what you do. h. It seems that John is not coming after all. i. It happened that John was the only witness. 3. it 用作形式賓語 . It 作形式賓語時(shí), 通常和以下動(dòng)詞連用： consider, think, make, find, believe, count, declare, deem, fancy, feel, guess, imagine, judge, pr ove, s

22、ee, show, suppose, understand, take 等； 它的一般結(jié)構(gòu)為： V+it+adj/n+ 不定式 /V-ing/ 名詞從句；當(dāng)然有時(shí)可以 第 7 頁,共 16 頁插入其他的成分,如規(guī)律主語,間接賓語等等； a. I found it difficult to explain to him what happened. 我覺得向他解 釋清發(fā)生了什么事很困難； b. He thought it no use going over the subject again. 他認(rèn)為再爭(zhēng)辯 這個(gè)問題沒有用了； c. They kept it quiet that he was

23、dead. 他們對(duì)他的死保密； d. We must make it clear to the public that something should be done to stop pollution. 我們必需使公眾明白應(yīng)當(dāng)實(shí)行措施禁止污染； 4. 一種特殊的 it 用法 , wouldappreciate/hate/like/prefer/help + it +when/if 從句； 我們先看看下面的句子： a. I would appreciate it if you paid in cash. b. I hate it when people cry. c. I like it w

24、hen you do that. d. I wouldprefer it if youdidnt tellanyone.e. I couldnt help it if the buswas late. 說它特殊, 也不是很特殊； 對(duì)于上面句子中的 it 有人認(rèn)為是一種特殊 的形式賓語, 既然是形式賓語那么真正的賓語在哪里？本人覺得有點(diǎn) 欠妥；筆者認(rèn)為 it 指代句中提到的一種情形； 分析： a. 假如付現(xiàn)金我特殊感謝； it 在這里指代付現(xiàn)金后顯現(xiàn)的情形； b. 我厭惡人哭； it 在這里指代人哭泣是的情形； c. 我就寵愛你那樣做； it 指代干那件事時(shí)的情形； d. 我期望你不要告知任何人

25、； it 指代不告知?jiǎng)e人后的情形； e. 公共汽車晚點(diǎn)了,我也沒方法； it 指代汽車晚點(diǎn)； 留意：這種結(jié)構(gòu)中有時(shí)會(huì)顯現(xiàn)虛擬,至于何時(shí)虛擬,要看說話人要表 達(dá)的意思； 說詳細(xì)一點(diǎn),假如顯現(xiàn) would 就要用虛擬； 第五節(jié)：實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練 第 8 頁,共 16 頁1. It wasnt until nearly a month later I received the managers reply. 2022/ 全國 I/30 A. since B. when C. as D. that necessary to invite Professor Smith to 2. The chairman t

26、hought speak at the meeting. 2022/全國 I/35 A. that B. it C. this D. him 3. The doctor advised Vera strongly that she should take a holiday, but didnt help. 2022/ 全國 III/13 A. it B. she C. which D. he matters. 4. It is what you do rather than what you say 2022/ 天津 /9 5. A. that B. what C. which D. thi

27、s in the regulations that you should not tell other people the password of your e-mail account. 2022/ 上海 /38 A. What is required B. What requires C. It is required D. It requires 6. that he managed to get the information. Oh, a friend of his helped him. 2022/ 山東 /31 A. Where was it B. What was it C.

28、 How was it D. Why was it 7. I like in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright. 2022/ 全國 /I/27 A. this B. that C. it D. one 8. Do you like here. Oh, yes. The air, the weather, the way of life. Everything is so nice. 2022/ 全國 /II/32 A. this B. these C. that D. it our hope that the two sides w

29、ill 9. The Foreign Minister said, “第 9 頁,共 16 頁work towards peace. ” 北 20京04/2/ A. This is B. There is 410. Why. I have nothing to confess. C. That is D. It is you want me to say. 2022/ 上海 /43 A. What is it that B. What it is that C. How is it that D. How it is that 11. It was with great joy he rece

30、ived the news that his lost daughter had been found. 2022/福建 /35 A. because B. which C. since D. that 12. It was back home after the experiment. 2022/ 湖北 /24 A. not until midnight did he go B. until midnight that he didnt go C. not until midnight that he went D. until midnight when he didnt go 13. T

31、he Parkers bought a new house but will need a lot of work before they can move in. NMET/2022/25 A. they B. it C. one D. which 14. In fact is a hard job for the police to keep order in an important football match. NMET/Shanghai/2022/33 A. this B. that C. there D. it her uncle moved out of New York an

32、d 15. It was for this reason settled down in a small village. NMET/Shanghai/2022/spr/32 A. which B. why C. that D. how middle school. 16. He was nearly drowned once. When was . was in 1998 when he was in NMET/Beijing-Neimeng-Anhui/2022/spr/30 A. that; It B. this; This C. this; It D. that; This the f

33、ootball match had to be put 17. It was because of bad weather off. NMET/Shanghai/2022/spr./30 第 10 頁,共 16 頁A. so B. so that C. why D. that can cause the symptoms of the 18. It is these poisonous products flu, such as headache and aching muscles. NMET/Shanghai/2022/36 A. who B. that C. how D. what of

34、 the local guide . 19. It was only with the help NMET/Shanghai/2022/spr./37 A. was the mountain climber rescued B. that the mountain climber was rescued C. when the mountain climber was rescued D. then the mountain climber was rescued 20. There is a photo on the wall. the photo of Lei Feng. 1980/ 三

35、/8 A. It B. Its C. Its D. He is. 21. Does matter if he cant finish the job on time. MET/1991/14 A. this B. that C. he D. it 22. Toms mother kept telling him that he should work harder, but didnt help. MET/1993/27 A. he 23. Is A. now 24. Is B. which C. she D. it possible to fly to the moon in a space

36、ship. MET/1988/28 B. man C. that D. it necessary to complete the design before National Day. MET/1989/29 A. this B. that C. it D. he her hair was turning grey. 25. It worried her a bit MET/1992/35 A. while B. that C. if D. for 26. I dont think possible to master a foreign language without much memor

37、y work. MET/1990/21 A. this B. that C. its D. it 第 11 頁,共 16 頁27. is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language. NMET/1995/37 A. There B. This C. That D. It I realized she 28. It was not she took off her dark glasses was a famous film star. MET/1992/30 A. when; that B. until;

38、 that C. until; when D. when; than 29. It was at the gate he told me the news. 1980/ 三 /20 A. that B. what C. which D. when 30. It was not until 1920 regular radio broadcasts began. NMET/1995/33 A. while B. which C. that D. since 31. Was it during the Second World War he died. MET/1988/32 A. that B.

39、 while C. in while D. then 32. It was in the bookstore I met your brother the other day. NMET/ 上海 /1990/32 A. where 33. Was B. that C. in which D. in that that I saw last night at the concert. NMET/ 上海 /1995/13 A. it you B. not you C. you D. that yourself the clock with a face and an hour 34. It was

40、 about 600 years ago hand was made. NMET/1997/25 A. that B. until C. before D. when 35. Wasnt it Dr Wang who spoke to you just now. . NMET/ 上海 /1996/28 with their mouths full. A. I didnt know he was B. Yes, it was C. No, he wasnt D. Yes, he did 36. I hate when people talk NMET/1998/8 A. it B. that C

41、. these D. them 第 12 頁,共 16 頁37. It was only when I reread his poems recently I began to appreciate their beauty. NMET/1998/22 A. until B. that C. then D. so 38. was in 1979 I graduated from the University. NMET/ 上海 /1998/4 A. That.that 39. Dont B. It.that C. That.when D. It.when that all those who

42、get good grades in the entrance examination will prove to be more successful. NMET/ 上海 /1998/23 A. take as granted B. take this for granted C. take that for granted D. take it for granted 40. It was he said disappointed me. NMET/ 上海 /1999/5 A. what.that B. that.that C. what.what D. that.what 41. It

43、was not until she got home Jennifer realized she had lost her keys. 2022/ 全國 II/9 A. when B. that C. where D. before he realized it was not so 42. It was after he got what he had desired important. 2022/ 遼寧 /35 A. that B. when C. since D. as 43. I just wonder that makes him so excited. 2022/ 山東 /32

44、A. why it does B. what he does C. how it is D. what it is 44. is our belief that improvements in health care will lead to astronger, more prosperous economy. 2022/ 浙江 /4 A. As B. That C. This D. It her duty to look after 45. As the busiest woman in Norton, she made all the other peoples affairs in t

45、hat town. 2022/ 湖南 /26 A. this B. that C. one D. it 46. If I can help , I dont like working late into the night. 2022/ 全國 I/26 A. so B. that C. it D. them 第 13 頁,共 16 頁47. Catherine bought a postcard of the place she was visiting, addressed to A. it; her and then posted it at the nearby post office.

46、 2022/ 安徽 /34 B. it; herself C. herself; her D. herself; herself 48. Id appreciate if you would like to teach me how to use the computer. 2022/ 山東 /24 A. that B. it C. this D. you 49. It was along the Mississippi River Mark Twain spent much of his childhood. （ 2022 天津卷） A. how B. which C. that D. wh

47、ere 50. It was not until midnight they reached the camp site. （ 2022 重慶 卷） A .that B. when C. while D. as 答案與分析： 1. not until 強(qiáng)調(diào)句,所以 D. that 2. it 作形式賓語,所以 B. it ； 3. it 指代上文 take a holiday, 所以 A. it ； 4. 帶有選擇性的強(qiáng)調(diào)句,所以 A. that ； 5. it 作形式主語,所以 C. It is required ； 6. 強(qiáng)調(diào)句的特殊問句,依據(jù)句意 C. How was it ； 7. I like/appreciate/prefer it