高中英語語法大全歸納總結(jié)

1、高中英語語法權(quán)威解析目錄 : 第 01 章 名詞性從句第 02 章 “ It ”用法及其句型和固定搭配講解第 03 章 高中英語語法中的省略現(xiàn)象第 04 章 主謂一致 第 05 章 動詞不定式 第 06 章 倒裝結(jié)構(gòu) 第 07 章 定語從句 第 08 章 被動語態(tài) 第 09 章 祈使句 第 10 章 感嘆句 第 11 章 疑問句第 12 章 名詞 第一章 名詞性從句在句子中起名詞作用的句子叫名詞性從句 (Noun Clauses ) 。 名詞性從句的功能相當(dāng)于名詞詞組 , 它在復(fù)合句中能擔(dān)任主語、賓語、表語、同位語、介詞賓語等，因此根據(jù)它在句 中不同的 語法功能，名詞從句又可分別稱為主語從句、

2、賓語從句、表語從句和同位語從句。一 主語從句主語從句是在復(fù)合句中充當(dāng)主語的從句，通常放在主句謂語動詞之前或由形式主語it 代替，而本身放在句子末尾。It 作形式主語和 it 引導(dǎo)強調(diào)句的比較It 作形式主語代替主語從句，主要是為了平衡句子結(jié)構(gòu)，主語從句的連接詞沒有變化。而it 引導(dǎo)的強調(diào)句則是對句子某一部分進行強調(diào)， 無論強調(diào)的是什么成分， 都可用連詞 that 。 被強調(diào) 部分指人時也可用 who/whom 。例如：It is a pity that you didn t go to see the film.你不去看那場電影真可惜。It doesn t interest me whethe

3、r you succeed or not. 我對你成功與否不感興趣。It is in the morning that the murder took place.謀殺案是在早上發(fā)生的。( 強調(diào)句型 )It is John that broke the window.是 John 打碎的窗戶。 ( 強調(diào)句型 )用 it 作形式主語的結(jié)構(gòu)It is 名詞 從句 It is a fact that It is an honor that It is common knowledge thatIt is +形容詞 + 從句事實是It is natural that非常榮幸是常識很自然,奇怪的是似乎碰

4、巧似乎據(jù)報道It is strange thatIt is +不及物動詞 +從句It seems that It happened thatIt appears that(4) It + 過去分詞 + 從句 It is reported that It has beenproved that It is said that已證實.主語從句不可位于句首的五種情況：提活據(jù)說if引導(dǎo)的主語從句不可居于復(fù)合句句首。It is said /reported結(jié)構(gòu)中的主語從句不可提前。例如：正確表達：It is said that President Jiang will visit our school

5、next week. 錯誤表達： ThatPresident Jiang will visit our school next week is said.It happens/occurs 結(jié)構(gòu)中的主語從句不可提前。例如：正確表達：It occurred to him that he failed in the examination.錯誤表達：That he failed inthe examination occurred to him.It doesn t matter how/whether 結(jié)構(gòu)中的主語從句不可提前。例如：正確表達：It doesn t matter whether

6、he is wrong or not.錯誤表達：Whether he is wrongor not doesn t matter.含主語從句的復(fù)合句是疑問句時，主語從句不可提前。例如：正確表達：Is it likely that it will rain in the evening錯誤表達：Is that will rain in the eveninglikely. what與that在引導(dǎo)主語從句時的區(qū)別如主語.賓語.表語，而 that則不然。例what引導(dǎo)主語從句時在句時在從句中充當(dāng)句子成分, 如：What you said yesterday is right.That she is

7、 still alive is a consolation二.賓語從句賓語從句就是在復(fù)合句中作賓語的名詞性從句，通常放在主句謂語動詞(及物動詞)或介詞 之后。.作動詞的賓語由that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句(that通?？梢允÷?,例如：I heard that be joined the army.我聽說他參軍了。由what, whether (if)引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，例如：She did not know what had happened.她不知道發(fā)生了 什么。I wonder whether you can change this note for me.我想知道你是否能幫我改一下筆記。(3)動詞

8、+間接賓語+賓語從句。例如：She told me that she would accept my invitation.她對我說她會接受我的邀請。.作介詞的賓語，例如:我們的Our success depends upon how well we can cooperate with one another.成功取決于我們之間的合作3.作形容詞的賓語，例如：I am afraid (that) I ve made a mistake.注意：that引導(dǎo)的從句常跟在下列形容詞后作賓語： convinced, determined, glad, proud, surprised,我恐怕我已經(jīng)犯

9、了一個錯誤。an xious, aware, certai n, con fide nt, worried, sorry, thankful, ashamed,等。也可以將此類詞后的disappointed, annoyed, pleased, hurt, satisfied, content that從句的看作原因狀語從句。. it可以作為形式賓語it不僅可以作為形式主語，還可以作為形式賓語而真正的賓語that從句則放在句尾，特別是在帶復(fù)合賓語的句子中。例如：We heard it that she would get married next month.我聽說她下個朋就會結(jié)婚了。.后邊不

10、能直接跟that從句的動詞這類動詞有 allow, refuse, let, like, cause, force, admire, condemn, celebrate, dislike, love, help, take, forgive等。這類詞后可以用不定式或動名詞作賓語，但不可以用that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。如：正確表達： I admire their winning the match.錯誤表達： I admire that they won the match.不可用that從句作直接賓語的動詞有些動詞不可用于“動詞+間接賓語+that從句“結(jié)構(gòu)中，常見的有envy, order,a

11、ccuse, refuse, impress, forgive, blame, denounce, advise, congratulate等。例如:正確表達：He impressed the manager as an honest man.錯誤表達：He impressed the manager that he was an honest man. 否定的轉(zhuǎn)移 若主句謂語動詞為 think, consider, suppose, believe, expect, fancy, guess, imagine等，其后的賓語從句若含有否定意義，一般要把否定詞轉(zhuǎn)移到主句謂語上，從句謂 語用肯定式

12、。例如：I don t think this dress fits you well.我認(rèn)為這件衣服不適合你穿。.表語從句表語從句在復(fù)合句中作表語的名詞性從句，放在系動詞之后，一般結(jié)構(gòu)是“主語+連系動詞+表語從句”?？梢越颖碚Z從句的連系動詞有be, look, rema in, seem 等。引導(dǎo)表語從句的that?？墒÷?。另外，常用的還有the reason is that 和It is because等結(jié)構(gòu)。例 如：The question is whether we can make good preparation in such a short time.This is why we

13、 can t get the support of the people.But the fact remains that we are behind the other classes.The reason he is late for school is that he missed the early bus. 同位語從句 同位語從句就是在復(fù)合句中作名詞的同位語的名詞性從句。同位語從句的功能 同位語從句對于名詞進一步解釋，說明名詞的具體內(nèi)容，一般由 that 引導(dǎo)，例 如：The king s decision that the prisoner would be set free s

14、urprised all the people.The order that all the soldiers should stay still is given by the general.同位語在句子中的位置 同位語從句有時可以不緊跟在它所說明的名詞后面，而是被別的詞隔開。例如：He got the news from Mary that the sports meeting was put off.同位語從句與定語從句的區(qū)別定語從句中的 that 既代替先行詞， 同時以在從句中作某個成分( 主語或賓語) ，而同位 語從句中的 that 是連詞，只起連接主句與從句的作用，不充當(dāng)句中任何

15、成分。定語從句是形容詞性的， 其功能是修飾先行詞， 對先行詞加以限定， 描述定的性質(zhì)或特征；同位語從句是名詞性的，其功能是對名詞進行補充說明。例如：1) The news that he told me is that Tom would go abroad next year.( 他告訴我的消息是湯姆明年將出國。 )( 第一個 that 引導(dǎo)的從句是定語從句， that 在從句中作賓語) 2)The newsthat Tom would go abroad is told by him.( 湯姆將出國的消息是他講的。 )( 同位語從句， that 在句中不作任何成分)高一英語名詞性從句專項練

16、習(xí)_ he does has nothing to do with me.A. whatever B. No matter what C. That D. IfThe manager came over and asked the customer how _A. did the quarrel came about B .the quarrel had come aboutC. had the quarrel come about D. had the quarrel come aboutEnergy is _ makes thing work.A. what B. something C.

17、 anything D. thatInformation has been put forward more middle school graduates will beadmitted into universities.A. while B. that C. when D. asThis is _the Shenzhou V Spaceship landed.A. there B. in which C. where D. whenThey have no idea at all _ .A. where he has gone B. where did he goC. which pla

18、ce has he gone D. where has he goneThe doctor did a lot to reduce the patient s fear _ he would die of the disease.A. that B. which C. of which D. of thatThe order came _the soldiers_ the small village the next morning.A. that ;had to leave B. that; should leaveC. /; must leave D. when; should leave

19、_is no possibility _ Bob can win the first prize in the match.A. There; that B. It; that C. there; whether D. It; whetherThe question came up at the meeting _ we had enough money for our research.A. that B. which C. whether D. ifIs _ he said really trueA. that B. what C. why D. whether meeting shoul

20、d last two days or three days doesn t matter.A. That B. Whether C. If D. WhereIt worried her a bit _ her hair was turning gray.A. while B. if C. that D. for_ more countries can use natural energy in the future remains to be seen.A. Whether B. This C. who D. If will go to work in a mountain village s

21、urprises all of us.A. What B. That C. Whether D. If16. _ you don t like him is none of my business.A. What B. That C. Who D. How the inventions have in common is they have succeeded.A. What; what B. That; that C. what; that D. That ; what_ appeared to me that he enjoyed the food very much.A. What B.

22、 It C. All that D. ThatIt is widely that smoking can cause cancer.A. believed B. think C. sayD. hoped_ caused the accident is still a complete mystery.A. What B. That C. How D. WhereKeys: 5 ABABC 6 10 AABAC 11 15 BBCAB 16 20 BCBAA第二章 “ It ”用法及其句型和固定搭配講解It 用法及其句型和固定搭配，是高中英語語法的重點、難點，又是近幾年高考的熱 點，因此應(yīng)給予充

23、分的重視，現(xiàn)將it 用法歸納如下：It 用作實詞表達以下概念:指代前文提到的事物，前文中的 this, that ；替代前文中的內(nèi)容；指代一位性別不明的小孩或未知的人； 指代未指明但談話雙方都知道的那件事； 指代時間、天氣、 氣候、距離等自 然現(xiàn)象It 用作形式主語替代作主語的從句、動詞不定式、動名詞，而把真正作主語的從句、動詞不定式、動名 詞置于句 尾。It作形式主語的常見句型：1.代作主語的動詞不定式，其句型為It be adj. (for sb.) to do sth.此處 adj. 通常為描述事件的形容詞： easy, difficult, hard, necessary, unnec

24、essary, possible, impossible, likely, unlikely, right, wrong, important, unimportant, legal, illegal, well-mannered, ill- mannered, polite, impolite, clear, obvious, certain, suitable, proper,fit, useful, useless,dangerous例 It is illegal (for a teenager) to drive a car without a license.It be adj. o

25、f sb. to do sth.此處 adj. 通常為描述人的形容詞： kind, unkind, nice, rude, cruel, considerate, thoughtful, thoughtless, careful, careless, silly, foolish, stupid, clever, wise, crazy.例 Its kind of you to help me with the problem.It 替代作主語的動名詞的常見句型Its no good/use doingIts (well)worth doing Its (well)worth ones whi

26、le doing/to doIts (well)worth while doing/ to do例 Its no use crying over spilt milk.It 替代作主語的從句常見句型It is + noun +從句例 It is no secret that the president wants to have a second term at office.It is adj. +clauseIts surprising that(should) 竟然Its a pity/shame that (should) 竟然例 Its important that you shou

27、ld apologize to her for your rudeness.(=Its of much importance that you should apologize to her for your rudeness.)It verb sb. + clause= It is v-ing + clauseIt+surprise/delight/interest/disappoint/worry/disturb/annoy/amaze /bother/concern/frighten/please/anger sb. that例 It worried me that she drove

28、so fast.(= It was worrying that she drove so fast.)(verb = appear, seem, come about, emerge, follow, chance, happen, occur, transpire, turn out , work out)例 It (so) happened/chanced that they were out.(= They happened/chanced to be out.)It is v-ed that =sb/sth is to do(verb=say, report, think, belie

29、ve, hope, expect, agree, accept, decide, determine, intend, plan, understand, know)例 It is said that the couple have gotten divorced.(=The couple are said to have gotten divorced.)It is v-ed that (should)(verb=demand, request, require, order, suggest, advise, recommend例 It is suggested that they sho

30、uld begin with the third question.It 作主語的句型It takes sb.- to do (=sb takes - to do )某人用多長時間做某事例 It took the men a week to mend our roof.(= The men took a week to mend our roof.)Its (just)(u n) like sb. to do(不)像某人做某事的風(fēng)格例 It was (just) like him to think of helping us.Its (about/high) time thatshould /

31、v-ed 是該做某事的時候了例 Its(about/high) time that we should take action.Its the x-th time (that)have v-ed 第幾次做某事了例 Its the third time that he has failed the driving test.It is/has bee nsi nee co nti nuous v-ed( 延續(xù)性動詞)某動作已有多長時間不發(fā)生了例 Its 10 years that he lived hereIt was(not)before過(不)了多長時間某動作發(fā)生了例 It was not

32、long before they arrived.It 作形式賓語 用來替代作賓語的從句、動詞不定式、動名詞，而把真正作賓語的從句、 動詞不定式、動名詞置于句尾。It 作形式賓語的常見句型：verb+ it+ adj./noun (for/of) to do/clause (verb=think, believe, suppose, consider, feel, make, keep )例 I think it hard for you to do the task on your own./I think it hard that youll do the task on your own

33、.verb+it+adj./noun (ones) doing (adj.=useless/worth/worthwhile)(noun=no use/no good/worth ones while/a waste of time/money/energy/words) (verb=think, believe, suppose, consider, feel, make, keep)例 Ill make it worth your while telling me about his secret.verb+it+ important/unimportant/necessary/unnec

34、essary/natural/essential that (should)verb+it+of much/great/no/little importanee that(should) (verb=think, believe, suppose, consider, feel, make, keep例 I think it important that you (should) attendthe conference.verb + it+ as+ noun/adj.+ clause (verb=accept, regard, take, see, view) 例 The lecturer

35、takes it as encouraging when so many students attend his lecture.v. +it + prep. + that owe it to sb. that leave it to sb thattake it for granted that把歸功于keep it in mind that把留給某人去做例Dont bother to想當(dāng)然arrange anything. Just leave it to me to sort out.It 用在不能直接跟賓語從句的動詞后面， 尤其是表示好惡的動詞后， enjoy, like, love,

36、 dislike, resent, hate, dont mind, be fond of, feel like, see to賓語從句緊跟 it 之后例 I hate it you can swim so well and I cant.It 用在不能直接跟賓語從句的介詞后面，賓語從句緊跟 it 之后( except that 例外) 例 Im for it that you will follow their advice.五、強調(diào)句型It is/was+被強調(diào)部分 + that (who)強調(diào)句型用來強調(diào)謂語動詞以外的任何句子成分。當(dāng)被強調(diào)部分是人時也可以用 who 。在使用強調(diào)句型時需

37、注意以下幾點：請注意強調(diào)句型的特殊疑問句例 When was it that he changed his mind to take part in the activity在強調(diào)原因狀語從句時，只能強調(diào)由because 所引導(dǎo)的從句例 It was because he was ill that he didnt come to school yesterday.在強調(diào)notuntil結(jié)構(gòu)時必須把 not與until 一起放到被強調(diào)的位置上例It was not until shetook off her dark glasses that I realized she wasmy brot

38、her.注意強調(diào)句型與定語從句的區(qū)別例 It was at 7 oclock that he came here yesterday. ( 強調(diào)句型 )It was 7 oclock when he came here yesterday. ( 定語從句 ) 六、It 常用的固定搭配make it.在口語當(dāng)中相當(dāng)于succeed, 表示：成功、做到、說定、趕上、及時到達例 Its hard to make it to the top in show business. 在口語中相當(dāng)于 fix the date for, 表示“約定好時間”例 Shall we meet next week OK

39、. We just make it next Saturday.as it is. 相當(dāng)于 in fact, in reality表示 事實上，實際情況是 ”例 We had planed to finish the task today, but as it is we probably wont finish it until next week. 相當(dāng)于方式狀語從句，表示“照原樣”例 Leave the table as it is.as it were 相當(dāng)于 as one might say, that is to say,表示“也就是說，可以說，換句話說”例 He is, as i

40、t were, a modern Sherlock Holmes.if it were nt for/if it hadnt been for用來引導(dǎo)虛擬語氣，相當(dāng)于without, or but for,表示 如果不是要不是例 If it werent for Tom, I wouldnt be alive today.thats it. 相當(dāng)于 Thats all. Thats so much.表示“至此為止，沒有別的了”例 You can have one more sweet, and thats it. 相當(dāng)于 Thats right. 表示“對啦”例 I guess the key

41、 to the problem is thechoice“ A” Thats it.catch it在口語中，相當(dāng)于 be punished/scolded for doing sth. wrong.表示“因做錯事而挨罵，受責(zé)備，受批評，受懲罰”例 Well really catch it form our teacher if were late for class again.have it.相當(dāng)于say, insist 表示“說，主張，表明，硬說”例 Rumour has it that they are getting divorced.相當(dāng)于get to know something

42、,表示“了解，知道，獲悉”例 I had it from John that she was going abroad.have what it takes在口語中，相當(dāng)于 be well qualified for,表示“具有成功的條件”例 You can take it from methat your daughter has what it takes to be a star.so it seems / appears.Keep at it! (Dont give up!)相當(dāng)于 go on, 表示“繼續(xù)做，不放棄”例 My teacher asked me to keep at i

43、t.Go it! (Go on!)拼命干 , 莽撞Now you have done it! (You have done sth. wrong.)Now youll catch it! (Youll be punished.)As it happened, 在口語中，相當(dāng)于 its a pity that，表示“真不湊巧，真遺憾”例 As it happened, they were out.As it turned out,在口語中， 相當(dāng)于 it was fou nd to be in the end,表示“最后被證明是”例 As it turned out, his statement

44、 was false.Such as it is(they are)在口語中，相當(dāng)于 although it may not be worthmuch, 表示“雖然沒有多大價值”例 You can borrow my exam notebook, such as it is.Take it/things easy. 相當(dāng)于 Dont worry or dont hurry.用來勸告別人，表示“不要慌，別擔(dān)心，存住氣”例 Take it easy! He will do it well.Take it from me.在口語中，相當(dāng)于 believe me what I say. 表示“請相信我

45、的話，我敢擔(dān)保”例 You can take it from me that he will make it this time.For what it is worth 在口語中， 相當(dāng)于 although Im not sure its of value, 表示“不管其價 值如何”例 Here is the article I promise you, for what its worth.Worth it 在口語中，相當(dāng)于 useful, 表示“有好處，值得做” 例 Dont hesitate about it! Its worth it.Believe it or not. 表示“信不

46、信由你”例 Believe it or not, Tom is getting married to Mary next Sunday.Take it or leave it. v. 要么接受要么放棄 例 That is my last offer. You can take it or leave it.It all depends/that all depends 在口語中，相當(dāng)于 it hasnt been decided yet, 表示“那得看情況，還沒有定下來”例 Are you going to the countryside for holiday It/That all dep

47、ends.Its up to sb.在口語中，相當(dāng)于 its decided by sb. 表示 由 決定,由負(fù)責(zé)，取決于”例 Shall we go out for dinner Its up to you.“ It ”用法及其句型和固定搭配專練Was it during the Second World War he diedwhich (88)Is _ necessary to complete the design before National Day(89)I dont think possible to master a foreign language without much

48、 memory work.(91) matter if he cant finish the job on time(91)It was not _ she took off her glasses I realized she was a famous filmstar., that , that , that , then (92)I was disappointed with the film. I had expected to be much better.(93)It was not until 1920regular radio broadcasts began.(94) is

49、a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.(95)It was only when I reread this poems recently _ I began to appreciate their beauty.(97)I hate _ when people talk with their mouths full.(98)It is the ability to do the job _ matters not where you come from or what you are.(2000)

50、like _ in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright. (2004 )A. this B. that C. it D. one Do you like _ here Oh, yes. The air, the weather, the way of life. Everything is so nice. (全國卷 )A. this B. These C. That D. itWe needed a new cupboard for the kitchen. So Peter made _ from some wood.( 全 國卷

51、 )A. it B. One C. Himself D. anotherThe foreign Minister said, our hope that the two sides will work towardspeace. （ 2004 北京 ）A. This is B. There is C. That is D. It is_ is reported in the newspaper, talks between the two countries are makingprogress. （ 2004 北京 ）A. It B. As C. That D. What How often

52、 do you eat out （ 2004, 天津 ） , but usually once a week.A. Have no idea B. It depends C. As usual D. Generally speakingWe wanted to get home before dark, but it didnt quite _ as planed. （ 2004浙江卷 ）A. make out B. turn outC. go on D. come up What do you want to do next We have half an hour until the ba

53、sketball game. . Whatever you want to do is fine with me.A. It just depends B. Its up to you C. All right D. Glad to hear thatIt was _ back home after the experiment.not until midnight did he gountil midnight that he didnt gonot until midnight that he wentuntil midnight when he didnt goKEYS:1-5 ACDD

54、B 6-10 DCDBA 11-15 ACDBD 16-20 BBBBC第三章 高中英語語法中的省略現(xiàn)象在英語語言中， 為了使語言簡潔明了， 重點突出或上下文緊密相連， 可以省去某些句子成分而保持句子愿意不變， 這種語言現(xiàn)象稱之為省略。 現(xiàn)就英語中的種種省略現(xiàn)象分析如下：、并列復(fù)合句中的省略在并列句中后邊的分句可以省略與前邊分句中相同的成分。如：The boy picked up a coin in the road and (the boy ) handed it to a policeman. 這個男孩在馬路上拾起一枚硬幣并把他交給了警察。Your advice made me happy

55、 but(your advice made) Tom angry . 你的建議使我高興但使湯姆生氣。Tommust have been playing basketball and Mary (must have been)doing her homework. 湯姆肯定一直在打籃球，瑪麗一直在寫作業(yè)。Gao Xiumin was born in 1959 and Fu Biao (was born) in 1963. 高秀敏出生于 1959 年，傅彪出生于 1963 年。二、主從復(fù)合句中的省略1 狀語從句中的省略一般說來省略現(xiàn)象多出現(xiàn)在下列五種狀語從句中： 由 when ,while ,as

56、 ,before, after till, until, once 等引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句；由 whether ,if , unless 等引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句；由 though ,although ,even if ,whatever 等引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句；由 as ,than 等 引導(dǎo)的比較狀語從句；由 as, asif , as though 等引導(dǎo)的方式狀語從句。上述狀語從句 在省略時應(yīng)遵循下面原則：當(dāng)狀語從句的主語與主句的主語一致時，可以省略狀語從句的主語和系動詞be, 這時從句中可出現(xiàn)如下結(jié)構(gòu)： (1) 連詞 ( as, as if , once ) + 名詞 ; (2) 連詞 ( t

57、hough, whether , when ) + 形容詞； ( 3)連詞 (whether, as if ,while )+ 介詞短語；( 4)連詞( when , while , though )+ 現(xiàn)在分詞； ( 5) 連詞(when ,if ,even if ,unless ,once ,until, than , as )+ 過去分詞； (6) 連詞 (as if ,as though ) +不定式。如：Once (he was)a worker ,Pang Long now becomes a famous singer .龐龍曾經(jīng)是個工人 , 現(xiàn)在變成一位著名的歌手。Work h

58、ard when (you are) young ,or youll regret.趁年輕要努力學(xué)習(xí) , 要不然你會后悔的。He looked everywhere as if (he was)in search of something .他到處看似乎在找什么東西。While (he was) holding talks with President Hu Jintao ,US President George W.Bush thanked China for its important role in the Six-Party Talks.美國總統(tǒng)布什在與胡錦濤主席會談時, 感謝中國在六

59、方會談中起的重要作用。The exhibition is more interesting than (it was) expected .這次展覽比被預(yù)料的有趣的多。Olympic gold medallist hurdler Liu Xiang opened his lips as if (he were) to speak 。 奧林匹克金牌獲得者跨欄運動員劉翔張開嘴好像要說什么。1) 當(dāng)從句的主語和主句的賓語一致時 , 間或也有這樣的省略, 如：Her father told her to be careful when (she was)crossing the street. 當(dāng)她過

60、馬路時 父親告訴她要當(dāng)心。2)當(dāng)從句的主語是it,謂語動詞中又含有系動詞be時，可以把it和系動詞be 一起省略。此時構(gòu)成連詞 (if , unless ,when , whenever)+形容詞的結(jié)構(gòu)。如：Unless (it is) necessary ,youd better not refer to the dictionary.如果沒有必要,你最好不要查字典。2 定語從句中的省略that ,which , whom 可以省略；一般說來，在限制性定語從句中，作賓語的關(guān)系代詞如：Is this reason (that) he explained at the meeting for h