馬清河灌區(qū)灌溉系統(tǒng)規(guī)劃設(shè)計畢設(shè)

1、馬清河灌區(qū)灌溉系統(tǒng)規(guī)劃設(shè)計學(xué) 校：專 業(yè)：水利水電工程班 級：姓 名：指導(dǎo)老師：目錄 TOC o 1-5 h z HYPERLINK l bookmark4 o Current Document 1基本資料1 HYPERLINK l bookmark6 o Current Document 概況1 HYPERLINK l bookmark8 o Current Document 氣象1 HYPERLINK l bookmark10 o Current Document 種植計劃及灌溉經(jīng)驗3 HYPERLINK l bookmark12 o Current Document 灌區(qū)開發(fā)的必要性和可

2、行性5 HYPERLINK l bookmark14 o Current Document 2早稻及棉花的灌溉制度計算6 HYPERLINK l bookmark16 o Current Document 2.1早稻的灌溉制度計算6 HYPERLINK l bookmark18 o Current Document 2.2棉花的灌溉制度計算10 HYPERLINK l bookmark20 o Current Document 3灌水率計算17 HYPERLINK l bookmark22 o Current Document 4灌排渠系及渠系建筑物規(guī)劃布置21 HYPERLINK l boo

3、kmark24 o Current Document 水源與取水口選擇 21 HYPERLINK l bookmark26 o Current Document 各級渠道與排水溝布置21 HYPERLINK l bookmark28 o Current Document 渠系建筑物布置21 HYPERLINK l bookmark30 o Current Document 5水位推算 25 HYPERLINK l bookmark32 o Current Document 初擬各級渠道比降 25 HYPERLINK l bookmark34 o Current Document 選擇地面控制點

4、25 HYPERLINK l bookmark36 o Current Document 5.3推算典型支渠渠首設(shè)計水位25 HYPERLINK l bookmark38 o Current Document 推算干渠設(shè)計水位26 HYPERLINK l bookmark40 o Current Document 確定引水方式26 HYPERLINK l bookmark42 o Current Document 6計算渠道設(shè)計流量27 HYPERLINK l bookmark44 o Current Document 確定工作制度27 HYPERLINK l bookmark46 o Cur

5、rent Document 計算典型支渠設(shè)計流量27 HYPERLINK l bookmark48 o Current Document 計算干渠設(shè)計流量29 HYPERLINK l bookmark50 o Current Document 7渠道橫斷面設(shè)計31 HYPERLINK l bookmark52 o Current Document 干渠各斷面設(shè)計31 HYPERLINK l bookmark54 o Current Document 支渠斷面設(shè)計 33 HYPERLINK l bookmark56 o Current Document 斗渠斷面設(shè)計 33農(nóng)渠斷面設(shè)計348干、支

6、渠水位銜接校核36 1基本資料1.1概況灌區(qū)位于界榮山以南，馬清河以北，總面積（20m等高線以下的）約12萬 畝。氣候溫和，無霜期長，適宜于農(nóng)作物生長。年平均氣溫 16.5 C,多年平均 蒸發(fā)量1065mm多年平均降水量1112mm馬清河灌區(qū)地形圖見附圖1。灌區(qū)人口總數(shù)約8萬，勞動力1.9萬。申溪以西屬興隆鄉(xiāng)，以東屬大勝鄉(xiāng)。 根據(jù)農(nóng)業(yè)規(guī)劃，界榮山上以林、牧、副業(yè)為主，馬頭山以林為主，20m等高線以下則以大田作物為主，種植稻、麥、棉、豆等作物。灌區(qū)上游土質(zhì)屬中壤，下游龍尾河一帶屬輕砂壤土。地下水埋深一般為4 5m, 土壤及地下水的pH值屬中性，無鹽堿化威脅。界榮山、龍尾山等屬土質(zhì)丘陵，表土屬中粘

7、壤土，地表56m以下為巖層，申溪及吳家溝等溝溪均有巖石露頭，馬頭山陳村以南至馬清河邊巖石遍布地表。 吳家溝等溝溪縱坡較大，下切較深，一般為78m上游寬5060m下游寬70 90m遇暴雨時易暴發(fā)洪水，近年來已在各溝、溪上游修建多處小型水庫，山洪 已基本得到控制，對灌區(qū)無威脅。馬清河灌區(qū)為馬清河流域規(guī)劃的組成部分。根據(jù)規(guī)劃要求，已在興隆峪上 游20km處建大型水庫一座，壩頂高程 50.2m,正常水位43.0m,興利庫容X108m,總庫容2.3 X108m。馬清河灌區(qū)擬在該水庫下游 A-A斷面處修建攔 河壩式取水樞紐，引取水庫水發(fā)電尾水進行灌溉。A-A斷面處河底高程30m砂、卵石覆蓋層厚2.5m,下

8、為基巖，河道比降1/100，河底寬82m河面寬120m 水庫所供之水水質(zhì)良好，含沙量極微，水量亦能完全滿足灌區(qū)用水要求。1.2氣象根據(jù)當?shù)貧庀笳举Y料，設(shè)計的中等干旱年（相當于1972年）411月水面蒸發(fā)量（80cm口徑蒸發(fā)皿）及降水量見表1-1及表1-2。表1-1設(shè)計年蒸發(fā)量統(tǒng)計月份4567蒸發(fā)量（mm97.5118.0143.7174.9月份891011蒸發(fā)量（mm196.5144.7101.175.6表1-2 設(shè)計年降水量統(tǒng)計（mm）日月份4567891017.64.6212.717.418.533.41.97.3492.055.31.210.864.87.92.878.628.582.5

9、919.1103.6112.52.1121.96.4137.52.31412.11.91.91510.0166.04.13.532.81724.5181.3191.6204.312.611.5211.818.5222.110.649.22.53.6231.410.74.52435.47.4256.2261.5271.1281.53.729307.7313.6月計72.9108.5107.339.825.037.3103.51.3種植計劃及灌溉經(jīng)驗灌區(qū)以種植水稻為主，兼有少量旱作物，各種作物種植比例見表1-3表1-3 作物種植比例作物旱稻中稻雙季晚稻棉花種植比例（%50305020根據(jù)該地區(qū)灌溉

10、試驗站觀測資料，土壤空隙率為 48% （占土體的%，田間 持水率為88% （占空隙%。設(shè)計年（1972）早稻全生育期需水系數(shù):=1.0，泡 田定額為70mV畝；棉花計劃產(chǎn)量120kg,需水系數(shù)k=2.67m3/kg，土壤適宜含水 率上限為88%下限為61.6% （占空隙%，播前灌計劃濕潤層深為0.4m,播前 計劃濕潤層平均含水率65.3% （占空隙%，播種時計劃濕潤層土壤實際儲水量 為102mV畝。早稻及棉花的基本觀測數(shù)據(jù)如表1-4及表1-5所示；中稻及晚稻的豐產(chǎn)灌 溉制度計算見表1-6。表1-4早稻試驗基本數(shù)據(jù)復(fù)苗分蘗前分蘗 后孕穗抽穗乳熟黃熟生育階段全生育期起止日期（日/月）25/44/5

11、5/514/515/51/62/616/617/630/61/711/712/720/725/420/7天數(shù)101018151411987模比系數(shù)（%）78182521138100田間允許水層深（mm）10-30-5010-408020-50-9020-5010020-50-9010-40-50濕潤滲透強度（mm/d）1.31.31.31.31.31.31.3表1-5棉花試驗基本數(shù)據(jù)生育階段幼苗期現(xiàn)雷期開花結(jié)鈴 期吐絮期全生育期起止日期（日/月）21/416/617/628/729/726/827/86/1121/46/11模比系數(shù)（%下水補給 量占作物需 水量的（%

12、）10202225計劃濕潤層深（m）0.40.50.50.60.60.70.7表1-6中稻、雙季晚稻設(shè)計年豐產(chǎn)灌溉制度中稻雙季晚稻灌水次序灌水時間 （日/ 月）灌水定額3（m / 畝）灌水次序灌水時間 （日 /月）灌水定額3（m / 畝）1 （泡田）7/5751 （泡田）19/770226/525227/71534/62531/825410/62547/820520/630512/82562/730623/83078/730727/830814/730831/830922/73096/9301029/7251012/9301110/8201119/9301230/92033灌溉定額345( m

13、 /畝)灌溉定額355（m / 畝）1.4灌區(qū)開發(fā)的必要性和可行性灌區(qū)開發(fā)的必要性分析(1) 從作物需水要求來說，該灌區(qū)灌溉面積近12萬畝，地形相對平坦，適宜農(nóng)作物的成長，其種植的作物包括有早稻、中稻、雙季稻和棉花，都是相對 來說耗水的經(jīng)濟作物，種植比例為50:30:50:20 。多年平均蒸發(fā)量和降雨量基本 持平，現(xiàn)有的自然條件不能滿足作物的需水要求。(2)就目前的灌溉與排水條件來說，在灌區(qū)有兩條河流，但都是流量比較小 的河流且分布不均勻，無法滿足整個灌區(qū)的灌水要求，因此修建灌溉系統(tǒng)十分 必要。灌區(qū)開發(fā)的可行性分析就灌區(qū)開發(fā)的有利條件來說，該灌區(qū)位于河流沖擊所形成的平原帶，其正南方有馬清河通過

14、，而在馬清河上游有一興利庫容1.2 X 1380m,總庫容2.3 X1380m的水庫，取水水源方便、水質(zhì)良好，符合灌溉的基本條件。其次引取水庫水發(fā)電則利用尾水進行灌溉，既考慮了資源充分利用，又兼顧經(jīng)濟效益。綜上所述，該地域修建灌溉系統(tǒng)，實際上必要，技術(shù)上可行，同時能實現(xiàn) 經(jīng)濟效益、社會效益、生態(tài)效益的統(tǒng)一。2早稻及棉花的灌溉制度計算2.1早稻的灌溉制度計算由已知的氣象資料可知，在早稻的全生育期的蒸發(fā)量為 TOC o 1-5 h z 97.5174.9Eo6 118.0 143.7203031ED = - Eo:=1.0ET全二 394.06所以可得各生育階段的需水量ETi二kjET全，繼而可得

15、出逐日耗水量,計算結(jié)果如表2-1 0表2-1 逐日耗水量計算表生育期復(fù)苗分蘗前分蘗后孕穗抽穗乳熟黃熟全生育 期起止日月25/44/55/514/515/51/62/616/617/630/61/711/712/720/725/420/7天數(shù)101018151411987模比系數(shù)%78182521138100階段需水量(mm)27.5831.5270.9398.5282.7551.2331.52394.06階段滲漏量(mm)131323.419.518.214.311.7113.1階段耗水量(mm)40.5844.5294.33118.02100.9565.5343.22507.16逐日耗水量(

16、mm)4.064.455.247.877.215.964.8注：稻田滲漏量為1mm/d當淹灌水層減去逐日耗水量，加上逐日降雨量后若小于最小田間允許最小 水層深度則設(shè)計灌水，當大于最大田間允許水層深度則設(shè)計排水。水量平衡方 程：Wt -W0 =Wr P0 K M - ET早稻生育期灌溉制度計算結(jié)果見表2-2表2-2早稻生育期灌溉制度計算表日期生育期設(shè)計淹灌水層(mm)逐日耗水量(mm)逐日降雨(mm)淹灌水層變化(mm)灌水量(mm)排水量(mm)月日424202510-30-504.0615.942611.882727.8220281.525.262921.2復(fù)苗期3017.145113.08

17、229.022033.428.364226.35分蘗期10-40-804.451.223.0567.926.5728.550.55846.1941.651037.2112.535.25126.437.21332.751428.315分蘗末20-50-905.2448.062516648.821724.568.081862.841957.62052.362147.122210.652.482310.757.942452.72547.462642.22271.138.08283.736.542931.33026.063145.82256140.5862孕穗：0-50-1007.8717.450.1

18、131.944.14436.27528.4620.53747.6635839.79931.921024.051146.18301238.311330.44141.924.471546.6301638.7317抽穗20-50-907.2131.521824.311947.1302039.892132.682249.274.672367.462435.4905.652582.79261.577.082769.872862.662955.453048.2471乳熟10-40-505.9642.28236.32330.36424.4518.44612.48736.5230830.56924.61018

19、.641112.6812黃熟濕潤4.87.88133.081415103.48164.12.7817181920463.97217.32455.65校核：h P- d m- WC =20 217.3-5.65 245-463.97 = 12.68(mm)與7月11日淹灌水層基本相符可得早稻生育期設(shè)計灌溉制度，見表2-3表2-3早稻灌溉制度表灌水次數(shù)灌水日期灌水定額mm3m /畝14月27日2013.325月2日2013.335月15日2516.745月31日2516.756月7日3523.366月11日3020.076月15日3020.086月19日3020.097月5日3523.3107月1

20、0日3020.02.2棉花的灌溉制度計算棉花全生育期的需水量為：ET =KY =2.67 120 =320.4( m3)即其各生育階段的需水量為：ETkET各生育階段地下水補給量為：QETi由于計劃濕潤層增加而增加的水量:W =667仕 - Hi) 計劃濕潤層的最大、最小蓄水量：Wmax =667 nHJmaxWmin =667 nHFmin計劃濕潤層深度H(m):W =667(H2 -HJn；(m3/畝)有效降雨量，用降雨入滲系數(shù)a法求?。篎0)= ： Pa的選取按表2-4計：表2-4 a取值表次降雨量v 5mm550mm 50mma01.00.80.70.8棉花灌溉制度表見表2-5表2-4

21、棉花灌溉定額計算表日期生 育 階 段計劃濕 潤層深WmaxWminPPoWtkewms4/200.400112.7078.894.30102.004/210.400112.7078.891.800.000.101.01101.094/220.402113.1979.232.100.420.101.01100.604/230.404113.6879.581.400.420.101.01100.114/240.405114.1879.9300.420.101.0199.624/250.407114.6780.2700.420.101.0199.134/260.409115.1780.6200.42

22、0.101.0198.644/270.411115.6680.9600.420.101.0198.154/28幼苗期0.412116.1681.311.500.420.101.0197.664/290.414116.6581.6600.420.101.0197.174/300.416117.1482.0000.420.101.0196.685/10.418117.6482.3500.420.101.0196.185/20.419118.1382.6900.420.101.0195.695/30.421118.6383.043.400.420.101.0195.205/40.423119.128

23、3.39200.420.101.0194.715/50.425119.6283.731.200.420.101.0194.225/60.426120.1184.087.94.740.420.101.0198.475/70.428120.6084.4228.517.10.420.101.01115.085/80.430121.1084.7700.420.101.01114.595/90.432121.5985.1200.420.101.01114.105/100.433122.0985.4600.420.101.01113.615/110.435122.5885.812.500.420.101.

24、01113.125/120.437123.0886.156.43.840.420.101.01116.475/130.439123.5786.5000.420.101.01115.985/140.440124.0686.8500.420.101.01115.495/150.442124.5687.1900.420.101.01115.005/160.444125.0587.5463.60.420.101.01118.115/170.446125.5587.8824.514.70.420.101.01125.556.775/180.447126.0488.2300.420.101.01125.0

25、65/190.449126.5488.5800.420.101.01124.575/200.451127.0388.9200.420.101.01124.085/210.453127.5289.2700.420.101.01123.595/220.454128.0289.6110.66.360.420.101.01128.021.445/230.456128.5189.9610.76.420.420.101.01128.515.445/240.458129.0190.3100.420.101.01128.025/250.460129.5090.6500.420.101.01127.535/26

26、0.461130.0091.0000.420.101.01127.045/270.463130.4991.341.100.420.101.01126.555/280.465130.9891.693.700.420.101.01126.065/290.467131.4892.0400.420.101.01125.575/300.468131.9792.3800.420.101.01125.085/310.470132.4792.7300.420.101.01124.596/10.472132.9693.0700.420.101.01124.106/20.474133.4693.4217.410.

27、440.420.101.01133.460.596/30.475133.9593.771.900.420.101.01132.976/40.477134.4494.1100.420.101.01132.486/50.479134.9494.4600.420.101.01131.986/60.481135.4394.8000.420.101.01131.496/70.482135.9395.1500.420.101.01131.006/80.484136.4295.5000.420.101.01130.516/90.486136.9295.8400.420.101.01130.026/100.4

28、88137.4196.1900.420.101.01129.536/110.489137.9096.5300.420.101.01129.046/120.491138.4096.8800.420.101.01128.556/130.493138.8997.2300.420.101.01128.066/140.495139.3997.571.900.420.101.01127.576/150.496139.8897.9200.420.101.01127.086/160.498140.3898.2600.420.101.01126.596/170.500140.8798.6100.420.462.

29、29125.186/180.502141.5499.0800.570.462.29123.926/190.505142.2199.5500.570.462.29122.666/200.507142.88100.0200.570.462.29121.406/210.510143.55100.4900.570.462.29120.146/220.512144.22100.9649.229.520.570.462.29144.224.176/230.514144.90101.4300.570.462.29142.966/240.517145.57101.9035.421.240.570.462.29

30、145.5717.386/250.519146.24102.3700.570.462.29144.316/260.521146.91102.841.500.570.462.29143.046/270.524147.58103.3000.570.462.29141.786/28現(xiàn) 蕾 期0.526148.25103.7700.570.462.29140.526/290.529148.92104.2400.570.462.29139.266/300.531149.59104.7100.570.462.29138.007/10.533150.26105.1800.570.462.29136.747/

31、20.536150.93105.6500.570.462.29135.487/30.538151.60106.1200.570.462.29134.227/40.540152.27106.5900.570.462.29132.967/50.543152.95107.0600.570.462.29131.707/60.545153.62107.5300.570.462.29130.447/70.548154.29108.0000.570.462.29129.187/80.550154.96108.4700.570.462.29127.927/90.552155.63108.9400.570.46

32、2.29126.667/100.555156.30109.4100.570.462.29125.407/110.557156.97109.8800.570.462.29124.147/120.560157.64110.3500.570.462.29122.887/130.562158.31110.8200.570.462.29121.617/140.564158.98111.2900.570.462.29120.357/150.567159.65111.761060.570.462.29125.097/160.569160.32112.234.100.570.462.29123.837/170

33、.571160.99112.7000.570.462.29122.577/180.574161.67113.1700.570.462.29121.317/190.576162.34113.6400.570.462.29120.057/200.579163.01114.1100.570.462.29118.797/210.581163.68114.5700.570.462.29117.537/220.583164.35115.042.500.570.462.29116.277/230.586165.02115.514.500.570.462.29160.01457/240.588165.6911

34、5.987.44.440.570.462.29163.197/250.590166.36116.4500.570.462.29161.937/260.593167.03116.9200.570.462.29160.677/270.595167.70117.3900.570.462.29159.417/280.598168.37117.8600.570.462.29158.157/29開花結(jié)鈴期0.600169.04118.3300.570.582.65156.657/300.603170.02119.017.74.620.830.582.65160.037/310.607170.99119.6

35、93.600.830.582.65158.788/10.610171.96120.3700.830.582.65157.548/20.614172.93121.0500.830.582.65156.308/30.617173.90121.7300.830.582.65155.068/40.621174.87122.4100.830.582.65153.818/50.624175.85123.0910.86.480.830.582.65159.058/60.628176.82123.7700.830.582.65157.818/70.631177.79124.4500.830.582.65156

36、.578/80.634178.76125.1300.830.582.65155.328/90.638179.73125.8100.830.582.65154.088/100.641180.70126.4900.830.582.65152.848/110.645181.67127.1700.830.582.65151.608/120.648182.65127.8500.830.582.65150.368/130.652183.62128.5300.830.582.65149.118/140.655184.59129.2100.830.582.65147.878/150.659185.56129.

37、8900.830.582.65146.638/160.662186.53130.5700.830.582.65145.398/170.666187.50131.2500.830.582.65144.148/180.669188.47131.9300.830.582.65142.908/190.672189.45132.611.600.830.582.65141.668/200.676190.42133.2912.67.560.830.582.65147.988/210.679191.39133.9700.830.582.65146.748/220.683192.36134.6500.830.5

38、82.65145.498/230.686193.33135.3300.830.582.65144.258/240.690194.30136.0100.830.582.65143.018/250.693195.28136.6900.830.582.65141.778/260.697196.25137.3700.830.582.65140.528/270.700197.22138.0500.830.311.25140.428/280.700197.22138.0500.000.311.25139.488/290.700197.22138.0500.000.311.25138.558/300.700

39、197.22138.0500.000.311.25192.61558/310.700197.22138.0500.000.311.25191.689/10.700197.22138.0500.000.311.25190.749/20.700197.22138.0500.000.311.25189.819/30.700197.22138.057.34.380.000.311.25193.259/40.700197.22138.0500.000.311.25192.329/5吐0.700197.22138.0500.000.311.25191.389/6絮0.700197.22138.0500.0

40、00.311.25190.459/7期0.700197.22138.0500.000.311.25189.529/80.700197.22138.0500.000.311.25188.589/90.700197.22138.0500.000.311.25187.659/100.700197.22138.0500.000.311.25186.719/110.700197.22138.052.100.000.311.25185.789/120.700197.22138.0500.000.311.25184.849/130.700197.22138.052.300.000.311.25183.919

41、/140.700197.22138.0500.000.311.25182.979/150.700197.22138.0500.000.311.25182.049/160.700197.22138.053.500.000.311.25181.119/170.700197.22138.0500.000.311.25180.179/180.700197.22138.0500.000.311.25179.249/190.700197.22138.0500.000.311.25178.309/200.700197.22138.0500.000.311.25177.379/210.700197.22138

42、.0518.511.10.000.311.25187.539/220.700197.22138.053.600.000.311.25186.609/230.700197.22138.0500.000.311.25185.669/240.700197.22138.0500.000.311.25184.739/250.700197.22138.0500.000.311.25183.799/260.700197.22138.0500.000.311.25182.869/270.700197.22138.0500.000.311.25181.939/280.700197.22138.0500.000.

43、311.25180.999/290.700197.22138.0500.000.311.25180.069/300.700197.22138.0500.000.311.25179.1210/10.700197.22138.054.600.000.311.25178.1910/20.700197.22138.0518.511.10.000.311.25188.3510/30.700197.22138.0500.000.311.25187.4210/40.700197.22138.0500.000.311.25186.4810/50.700197.22138.0500.000.311.25185.

44、5510/60.700197.22138.052.800.000.311.25184.6210/70.700197.22138.0500.000.311.25183.6810/80.700197.22138.052.500.000.311.25182.7510/90.700197.22138.0519.111.460.000.311.25193.2710/100.700197.22138.053.600.000.311.25192.3410/110.700197.22138.0500.000.311.25191.4010/120.700197.22138.0500.000.311.25190.

45、4710/130.700197.22138.0500.000.311.25189.5310/140.700197.22138.051.900.000.311.25188.6010/150.700197.22138.0500.000.311.25187.6610/160.700197.22138.0532.819.680.000.311.25197.229.1910/170.700197.22138.0500.000.311.25196.2810/180.700197.22138.0500.000.311.25195.3510/190.700197.22138.0500.000.311.2519

46、4.4210/200.700197.22138.0511.56.90.000.311.25197.223.1610/210.700197.22138.0500.000.311.25196.2810/220.700197.22138.0500.000.311.25195.3510/230.700197.22138.0500.000.311.25194.4210/240.700197.22138.0500.000.311.25193.4810/250.700197.22138.056.23.720.000.311.25196.2710/260.700197.22138.0500.000.311.2

47、5195.3310/270.700197.22138.0500.000.311.25194.4010/280.700197.22138.0500.000.311.25193.4610/290.700197.22138.0500.000.311.25192.5310/300.700197.22138.0500.000.311.25191.5910/310.700197.22138.0500.000.311.25190.6611/10.700197.22138.0500.000.311.25189.7211/20.700197.22138.0500.000.311.25188.7911/30.70

48、0197.22138.0500.000.311.25187.8611/40.700197.22138.0500.000.311.25186.9211/50.700197.22138.0500.000.311.25185.9911/60.700197.22138.0500.000.311.25185.053灌水率計算根據(jù)所計算得的早稻、棉花及給出的中稻、雙季晚稻的灌溉制度以及作物 比例分別計算出其灌溉率，各次灌水的灌水率為：qi:-mi8.64丁計算列入表3-1表3-1初步灌水率計算表作物種植比例%灌水次數(shù)灌水時間（月/日）灌水定額3 m延續(xù)時間（d）灌水率m3/ （s 萬畝）早稻501（泡田）

49、4月19日70.060.6824月27日13.340.1935月2日13.340.1945月15日16.740.2455月31日16.740.2466月4日23.350.2776月11日20.040.2986月15日20.040.2996月19日20.040.29107月7日20.050.23中稻301（泡田）5月7日75.060.4325月26日25.040.2236月4日25.050.1746月10日25.050.1756月20日30.040.2667月2日30.040.2677月8日30.040.2687月14日30.040.2697月22日30.040.26107月29日25.040.

50、22118月10日20.040.17雙季晚稻501（泡田）7月19日70.060.6827月27日15.040.2238月1日25.040.3648月7日20.040.2958月12日25.040.3668月23日30.040.4378月27日30.040.4388月31日30.050.3599月6日30.050.35109月12日30.050.35119月19日30.040.43129月30日20.040.29棉花2017月23日45.070.1528月30日55.070.18花稻稻稻棉晚申早一:=5兮/=二.7養(yǎng)趨若將所得灌水率繪在方格紙上得初步灌水率圖，如圖3-1，后經(jīng)修正后得最后 的灌

51、水率圖，如圖3-2，選取延續(xù)時間較長的最大灌水率值。圖3-1 初步灌水模數(shù)圖花稻稻稻棉晚中早口氐匹巳 工0會 皿91告 口舍 口co芒 工為惡 口2耳9 口mEI% 工6乍 三乎876 5 43210 0.0.0.0.0,0.氏0.=:=Si設(shè)支，取支渠首為控制點。斗渠：i設(shè)斗=0.0005, i地r - -0.000111, i地2 - 0.000222; i地 i設(shè)斗。取斗渠渠尾為控制點。農(nóng)渠：i設(shè)農(nóng)=0.001, i地=0.0012; i地i設(shè)農(nóng)，取農(nóng)渠渠首為控制點。計算支渠渠首設(shè)計水位nn出支進二ALii八訂= 19 02 500/5000 1800/2000 0.2 0.15 0.0

52、5=20.6m)5.4推算干渠設(shè)計水位He =H4支 Lef i干=20.6 4176/10000 = 21.0176m)HD下二 He Lde & =21.0176 2321/10000 = 21.2497(m)Hd上二 Hd下 丁渡槽=21.2497 0.2 =21.4497(m)HC =Hd上 LCD i干=21.4497 2009/10000= 21.6506m)HB下二HC - Lbc i干二21.6506 2345/10000 =21.8851(m)Hb上二 HB下 汀渡槽=21.8851 0.2 = 22.0851m)Ha 二Hb上 Lab i 干=22.9851 1490/10

53、000 = 22.2341 m)Ho = Ha Loa i干二22.2341 4450/10000 =22.6791(m)5.5確定引水方式根據(jù)渠首設(shè)計水位和設(shè)計年取水口水位，確定取水方式是無壩取水。6計算渠道設(shè)計流量6.1確定工作制度干支渠續(xù)灌，斗、農(nóng)渠輪灌（各分兩組）6.2計算典型支渠設(shè)計流量灌區(qū)總面積約為11.5萬畝，干渠長為18.005km,各支渠的長度及灌溉面積 列入表6-1 o典型支渠（三支渠）及其所屬斗、農(nóng)渠的設(shè)計流量表6-1支渠長度及灌溉面積渠別一支二支三支四支合計長度（km3.9224.1834.1964.516.801灌溉面積（萬畝）1.7842.8903.2093.580

54、11.463（1）計算農(nóng)渠的設(shè)計流量三支渠的田間凈流量為：Q3支田凈二 A3支 4設(shè)=3.209 0.41 = 1.32（ m3/s）因斗、農(nóng)渠分兩組輪灌，同時工作的斗渠有6條，同時工作的農(nóng)渠有4條,所以，農(nóng)渠的田間凈流量為：Q農(nóng)田凈=Q支田 二1316 =0.0548（m3/s）n k 6 4取田間水利用系數(shù)f =0.95，農(nóng)渠的凈流量為：Q農(nóng)凈0.05480.95=0.0577( m3/s)灌區(qū)土壤屬中粘壤土，查表得相應(yīng)的土壤透水性參數(shù)：A = 1.9 m = 0.4據(jù)此可計算農(nóng)渠每公里輸水損失系數(shù)：二農(nóng)A100Q農(nóng)凈1.9100 0.0577.4二 0.0595取農(nóng)渠的計算長度L農(nóng)二0.

55、375km農(nóng)渠的的設(shè)計流量為：3 Q農(nóng)毛二 Q農(nóng)凈(1 ；農(nóng)L農(nóng))二 0.0577 (1 0.0595 0.375) 0.059(Xm /s)計算斗渠的設(shè)計流量因一條斗渠內(nèi)同時工作的農(nóng)渠有 4條， 即斗渠的流量為：3Q斗凈=4 Q農(nóng)毛=4 0.0590 = 0.236(m /s)農(nóng)渠分兩組輪灌，各組要求斗渠供給的凈流量相等。但是，第U輪灌組距 斗渠進水口較遠，輸水損失水量較多，據(jù)此求得的斗渠毛流量較大，因此以第 U輪灌組的斗渠毛流量作為斗渠的設(shè)計流量。斗渠的工作長度為L斗二1.4km1 904 =0.0339100 0.236.斗渠每公里輸水損失系數(shù)為：A、斗m100Q斗凈斗渠的設(shè)計流量為：C

56、U毛二 Q斗凈(1 ；斗 L斗)二 0.236 (1 0.0339 1.4) 0.247(m3/s)。計算二支渠的設(shè)計流量斗渠也是分兩組輪灌，以第U輪灌組要求的支渠毛流量作為支渠的設(shè)計流 量。支渠的工作長度取L支 = 3.6km支渠的凈流量為：Q3支凈=6 Q3斗毛=6 0.247 = 1.482( m3/s)支渠每公里輸水損失系數(shù)為：A100 q3支凈= 0.01621.90 4100 1.482.支渠的設(shè)計流量為：Q3支毛=Q3支凈(1 -3支L支)1.482 (1 0.0162 3.2 1.55(m3/s)計算三支渠的灌溉水利用系數(shù)：3支水亶鑑J443.計算一、二支渠的設(shè)計流量(1)計算

57、一、二、四支渠的田間凈流量Q1 支田凈=1.784 0.41=0.731 (m3/s)Q2支田凈=2.890 0.41 =1.185 ( m /s)Q4支田凈-3.580 0.41 =1.468 (m / s)(2) 計算一、二、四支渠的設(shè)計流量以典型支渠(三支渠)的灌溉水利用系數(shù)作為擴大指標，用來計算其他支 渠的設(shè)計流量。Q1支田凈0.7313支水一 0.844Q2支田凈1.185n 士 t3支水-0.844Q4支田凈1.468n 士 t3支水-0.844= 0.86&m3/s)404 m3/s)=1.739( m3/s)Q2支毛Q4支毛Q1支毛6.3計算干渠設(shè)計流量-1.739( m3/s

58、)EF段的設(shè)計流量QEF凈=Q4支毛1.9EF04 - 0.。152100 1.739 .QEF毛二 QEF凈EfLef)= 1.739 (1 0.0152 4.176) = 1.849( m3/s)CE 段的設(shè)計流量Qce凈=Qef 毛 Q3 支毛=1.849 1.559 =3.408( m3/s)1.9Qce毛04 =0.0116100 3.408-Qce凈(1ceLce)=3.408 (1 0.0116 4.329) 3.579( m3/s)AC段的設(shè)計流量3QAC凈=Qce毛 Q2支毛=3.579 1.404 = 4.983( m / s)1.9匚AC04 = 0.00999100 4

59、.983Qac毛-QAC凈（1 ；AcLac）= 4.983(1 - 0.00999 3.835)5.174( m3/s)OA段的設(shè)計流量3Qoa凈=Qac毛 Qi支毛=5.174 0.866 = 6.04( m /s)1.9-OA04 = 0.00925100 X6.04 QOA毛 - QOA凈(j ；- OALOA)= 6.04 (1 0.00925 5.180)6.330(m3/s)灌區(qū)灌溉水利用系數(shù)q 設(shè) A0.41 11.4630.742Qoa毛6.3307渠道橫斷面設(shè)計7.1干渠各斷面設(shè)計一 1設(shè)計過水斷面米用實用經(jīng)濟斷面，取 m=1.25, i -0.0001 ,10000n =

60、 0.025。擬定偏離系數(shù)=1.04。計算：J/2：（.4 _1）=0.68。計算寬深比：:=(2.1 m2 - m) - m= 3.14。計算:Qn( 0+2j1+m2)(P+m)5/32、2/35.A = (b mh)hB=b 2h、1 m2校核不沖不淤:V不淤 二 C、R，清水渠取 0.30.4 ；V不沖二 KQ0.1V不淤 要求V V不沖計算結(jié)果見表7-1表7-1干渠各段尺寸表渠道名稱底寬b( m)水深h(m)邊坡 系數(shù)m渠床 糙率n過水 斷面 面積A(m2)濕周B(m)水力 半徑R(m)設(shè)計流 量q (m3/s)斷面流 速v(m/s)不淤流 速v(m/s)不沖流 速v(m/s )OA