雅思填空題中的應(yīng)用

1、第 PAGE26 頁(yè) 共 NUMPAGES26 頁(yè)雅思填空題中的應(yīng)用很多考生給出來答案明明很接近，但是還是得分。尤其是在填空題中出現(xiàn)并列的時(shí)候，就是我常說的and，as well 雅思填空題中的應(yīng)用對(duì)于很多雅思閱讀填空題中，假如題目出現(xiàn)and，as well as等信號(hào)，說明這個(gè)是關(guān)于閱讀填空題并列的考點(diǎn)。首先，題目中假如遇到as well as的時(shí)候，考生需要知道的是as well as = and，我們可以從下面例子看出。問題：Metacognition involves children understanding their own learning strategies, as we

2、ll as developing .原文：To be at their most effective in their self-regulation, all children can be helped to identify their own ways of learning metacognition which will include strategies of planning, monitoring, evaluation, and choice of what to learn.Emotional awarenessis also part of metacognition

3、, so children should be helped to be aware of their feelings around the area to be learned, feelings of curiosity or confidence, for exle.上述例子，很多考生是不理解Metacognition這個(gè)單詞的意思，其實(shí)遇到這種詞匯，我們不需要理解意思，我們知道cognition是認(rèn)知的意思，因此可以理解為某種認(rèn)知。即翻譯為這個(gè)認(rèn)知需要孩子理解他們自己的學(xué)習(xí)策略和開展。通?？忌紫纫鞔_這是填空題并列的考點(diǎn)，信號(hào)是as well as，說明learning strat

4、egies跟as well as developing關(guān)系是一致的。因此我們可以在原文章找到紅字局部中包含的learning strategies確定答案位置，再?gòu)睦斫馍习l(fā)現(xiàn)Emotional awareness是答案。前面講到as well as在雅思閱讀填空題中表示并列，此外逗號(hào)也可以表示并列關(guān)系中的and，即“,”= and.我們可以從下面的例子可以看出。問題：Red leaves are most abundant when daytime weather conditions are and sunny.原文：It has also been recognized for decad

5、es that the best conditions for intense red colors are dry, sunny days and cool nights, conditions that nicely match those that make leaves susceptible toexcess light.上述題目翻譯為當(dāng)白天天氣怎么樣和有陽(yáng)光，紅葉就會(huì)變得很多。And說明是填空題中并列的考點(diǎn)。從原文標(biāo)紅處可以發(fā)現(xiàn)red colors are dry，sunny days這個(gè)【關(guān)鍵詞】：p 。正好切合上述所說“,”= and，因此這題的答案就是dry。我們?cè)賮砜匆粋€(gè)例

6、子，也是關(guān)于句號(hào)等于and.問題：The Lapita explored and colonised many Pacific islands over several centuries. They took many things with them on their voyages including and tools.原文：They were also pioneers who carried with them everything they would need to build new livestheir livestock, taro seedlings and stone

7、 tools.從問題可以翻譯為L(zhǎng)apita已經(jīng)探究和殖民了眾多太平洋小島很多年了，隨著旅行隊(duì)伍帶來了很多工具和某種。這里需要考生知道的是and前面跟著的是什么東西。因此我們可以從原文發(fā)現(xiàn)tools這個(gè)信號(hào)。此時(shí)很多考生會(huì)寫成taro seedlings，這是錯(cuò)誤的，因?yàn)樵闹械腶nd是和tool表并列，是一個(gè)意思。因此需要考生知道“,”= and這個(gè)方法，這樣才能發(fā)現(xiàn)livestock就是答案。雅思閱讀材料：電影院里的騙局In 2022, China achieved a record-breaking high for its film industrys box-office revenu

8、es, which officially register at 21.769 billion yuan (3.59 billion). But according to Wang Changtian, CEO of Enlight, that was at least 5 billion yuan short of the real number. Other experts put the gap at 2.4 billion, explaining the reported box-office figure at 10 percent less than the real one. T

9、hat gap is someones windfall, illegally pocketed by cinema owners and operators, professionally known as film exhibitors. And the regulating agency is getting tough on this kind of theft.Wang Changtian has reasons to be angry. Over the Lunar New Year season that has recently wound down, he received

10、on his microblog numerous audience reports, plete with photos, of tickets to Dad, Where Are We Going?, a runaway hit his pany distributes. The tickets had no movie title printed on them or the prices printed were lower than what was actually paid by the moviegoers - all signs that the movies revenue

11、s were not correctly registered.The earliest manifestation of the shady practice of “box-office stealing” loomed a few years ago when individual moviegoers posted suspicious tickets online. Tickets of this type usually had movie title “A” puter-printed on it, but the printed title was scratched out

12、by hand and title “B” written in. Fingers were pointed at the producer or distributor of title A, but more likely it was the movie theater that was behind it. The reason could be simple: Film A gives the exhibitor a larger share of the revenue than film B.However, this is just the tip of the iceberg

13、. Industry insiders reveal it was much worse before puter systems were installed in the nations cinemas, and of course, before social media websites turned everyone into a potential reporter of such business deceit. As a matter of fact, some cinema investors were not even aware that they had to spli

14、t their revenue with other parties. “This phenomenon started from the age of planned economy,” says Mao Yu, deputy director of the Film Bureau, a branch of the regulating agency.But it may have turned from guerrilla tactics to larger-scale con games. For group purchases, violators would not even iss

15、ue tickets, essentially not reporting a single cent of revenue from a whole screening. Since a representative of the group usually deals with the cinema, unless he or she specifically demands a printed ticket for each member of the group, all of them would be in the dark about ine reporting from the

16、 cinema to the distributor.Another trick lies in membership dues, which are often collected up front. When a paid member reimburses for a ticket, it may have only the screening room on it, and the exhibitors can choose to credit it to any movie they like, or not to any movie, in which case they pock

17、et 100 percent of the revenue.Some cinemas would go as far as investing in a separate point-of-sale puter system so that each ticket buyer gets the right ticket, but none of the data shows up on the centralized system. Instead, another set of credible purchase data would be put in the correct system

18、, but with lower attendance.Both distributors and exhibitors that I spoke to agree that cheating is much less rant than before, say a dozen years ago, and now is mostly limited to third and fourth-tier cities. China Film Group, the nations largest film production and distribution pany, heads a conso

19、rtium with several major private panies that hires 1,000 people to monitor cinemas nationwide, and Huaxia, another State-owned pany, has a smaller army of 800.However, there are situations even these sharp-eyed monitors can do little about. For exle, if a cinema sells a ticket for 80 yuan, which is

20、normal for primetime, but gives away a free popcorn, it may attribute as much as 60 yuan of the ticket price to the popcorn, leaving only 20 as the ticket price. But it can argue that 20 yuan is the minimum price for this particular film agreed upon by both sides and therefore it does not violate an

21、y rule.A similar scheme was employed when Transformers 3 was bundled with Yang Shanzhou, a very small film with little box-office potential, making the latter into a strange film with eye-popping revenue (79 million yuan) but disproportionately fewer people who actually bothered to see it. There wer

22、e sporadic online plaints about the practice even though consumers did not pay more for the package deal.The State Administration of Press, Publication, Radio, Film and Television, the regulating agency, announced measures in late January to curb under-reporting and cheating on box-office revenues.

23、A special fund is set up to subsidize the upgrading of puter software at point of sale. The current system was installed in 2022 and “cannot keep up with the new situation”, in the words of Jiang Tao, director of the fund. “The new system will fix loopholes and shorten the reporting window to only 1

24、0 minutes after a sale is made instead of waiting till next noon, which is the current reporting lapse in time, which leaves room for manipulation. The national platform will be ready by May and the cinema side will plete their upgrading by October.”Apart from putting a st of authorization on all sa

25、les systems, SAPPRFT insists that all film tickets carry correct prices and movie admission. But conspicuously absent are concrete penalties for violations. The software upgrade will certainly be a great help, admit distributors and exhibitors, but it may not be enough.“The cost of violation is stil

26、l too low. If youre caught under-reporting 10 tickets, all you need to do is make up for the shortfall,” says Huang Ziyan, vice-president of Le Vision Pictures in charge of sales.Cao Yong, a manager with the Huaxing UME cinema chain, suggests that violators should have their business license revoked

27、. “Cinemas invest tens of millions of yuan and, with punishment of this severity, it would not make sense for them to steal 80,000 or 100,000 yuan from the box office.”O(jiān)ther ideas have been floated such as the use of an infra-red camera that automatically scans a movie theater for attendance. The te

28、chnology has been available for eight or nine years and it claims to have 95 percent accuracy. But it has never been put into use.Filmmakers are reluctant to stand firm when they bee victims because they do not want to offend the exhibition branch of the business chain - the branch that deals direct

29、ly with end users. Some say they are no longer sad at the irregularity, but have e to the stage of despair.This time its for real, and “well cleanse the industry of this illegal and irregular behavior”, says Zhang Hongsen, director of SAPPRFTs Film Bureau.2022年，中國(guó)電影行業(yè)票房收入創(chuàng)下歷史新高，據(jù)官方統(tǒng)計(jì)，收入達(dá)217.69億元人民幣(

30、35.9億美元)。據(jù)光線傳媒總裁王長(zhǎng)田透露，這一數(shù)字比實(shí)際數(shù)字少了至少50億元。還有專家認(rèn)為二者之間相差24億元，票房上報(bào)數(shù)字與實(shí)際數(shù)字之間相差至少10%。其中的差額，進(jìn)了一些人的腰包，成為了放映方，即影院所有人和經(jīng)營(yíng)者的非法收入。監(jiān)管機(jī)構(gòu)開場(chǎng)對(duì)此類事件進(jìn)展嚴(yán)肅管理。王長(zhǎng)田的氣憤是有理由的。在剛剛完畢的春節(jié)檔期，他的微博上收到許多觀眾留言，并附上電影爸爸去哪兒的電影票照片。這部電影是光線傳媒公司發(fā)行的熱門影片。有的電影票上沒有電影的名字，而一些電影票上標(biāo)出的價(jià)格要低于觀眾實(shí)際購(gòu)票的價(jià)格。這些都說明上報(bào)的電影收入并不真實(shí)。幾年以前，就有觀眾將可疑的電影票上傳到網(wǎng)上，那時(shí)候就出現(xiàn)了“偷票房”的惡劣

31、行為。電腦打出的電影票上往往標(biāo)記為A電影，但后來被涂改成B。有人指責(zé)A電影出品人和發(fā)行人，而幕后的操作者更有可能是影院方面的人員。原因很簡(jiǎn)單。相比B電影而言，放映方從A影片中得到的收入更多。但這只是冰山一角。業(yè)內(nèi)人士透露，在中國(guó)電影院尚未安裝電腦系統(tǒng)，社交網(wǎng)站還沒有讓所有人都成為此類商業(yè)騙行的潛在報(bào)道者之前，這類事件要更加嚴(yán)重。事實(shí)上，局部電影投資者甚至根本不知道，其別人在分享他們的收入。電影監(jiān)管機(jī)構(gòu)、國(guó)家新聞出版廣電總局電影局副局長(zhǎng)毛羽說，“方案經(jīng)濟(jì)時(shí)代就出現(xiàn)了這種現(xiàn)象”。但是，這已經(jīng)從零散的現(xiàn)象，變成了規(guī)模宏大的騙局。違背規(guī)定的人甚至不會(huì)給團(tuán)購(gòu)觀眾發(fā)放電影票，在整場(chǎng)放映中根本不上報(bào)一分錢的

32、收入。只有團(tuán)購(gòu)代表會(huì)與電影院直接打交道，所以假如他沒有提出特殊要求，為每一位成員打印電影票，在電影院上報(bào)給發(fā)行方的收入報(bào)告中，是不會(huì)顯示團(tuán)購(gòu)情況的。在會(huì)費(fèi)方面也會(huì)耍手腕，因?yàn)闀?huì)費(fèi)是提早收取的。會(huì)員的電影票上只顯示在幾號(hào)放映廳，放映方可以將電影票任意對(duì)應(yīng)到別的影片上，或者根本不記錄會(huì)員看過電影，這樣他們就可以私吞所有的收入。一些影院投資了單獨(dú)的零售電腦系統(tǒng)，可以讓購(gòu)票者買到正確的電影票，同時(shí)不會(huì)讓中央系統(tǒng)中顯示任何數(shù)據(jù)。而另外一組可信的購(gòu)置數(shù)據(jù)會(huì)被輸入正確的系統(tǒng)中，但顯示的上座率較低。我理解到的發(fā)行商和放映方都認(rèn)為如今的欺騙行為較從前，就是十幾年前，收斂了很多;如今只有三、四線城市會(huì)出現(xiàn)這樣的行

33、為。中國(guó)的電影制作和發(fā)行公司中國(guó)電影集團(tuán)同數(shù)家大型私人公司共同組建并指導(dǎo)了一個(gè)協(xié)會(huì)，雇傭1000人監(jiān)視全國(guó)的影院。另一家國(guó)有電影公司華夏電影公司也擁有一支八百人的隊(duì)伍。但是，即使是這些精明的監(jiān)視者也有力所不及的情況。例如，影院出售一張80元的電影票(熱映電影的正常票價(jià))，同時(shí)贈(zèng)送免費(fèi)的爆米花。這時(shí)候，爆米花可能占去票價(jià)中的60元，而電影票只能占票價(jià)中的20元。電影院聲稱，雙方商議的影片價(jià)格就是20元，因此影院沒有違背任何規(guī)定。變形金剛3同票房潛力很小的小制作電影楊善洲捆綁，讓后者獲得了令人震驚的票房收入(7900萬(wàn)元)，但是這一數(shù)字同極少量的觀影人數(shù)并不相符。這是一種類似的手段。雖然消費(fèi)者不會(huì)

34、為這樣的捆綁交易多付錢，但網(wǎng)上還是有一些對(duì)這類行為的投訴。作為監(jiān)管機(jī)構(gòu)，國(guó)家新聞出版廣電總局一月底公布了治理虛報(bào)、謊報(bào)票房收入的方法。成立專門基金，補(bǔ)貼銷售點(diǎn)電腦軟件的晉級(jí)。國(guó)家電影專資辦主任姜濤表示，安裝于2022年的現(xiàn)行系統(tǒng)“跟不上新情況”?！靶孪到y(tǒng)會(huì)修補(bǔ)破綻，銷售完畢非常鐘以后即完畢上報(bào)窗口，而不再等到第二天中午”，延緩上報(bào)時(shí)間，會(huì)為弄虛作假留下空間。五月即將建成平臺(tái)，影院方面將于十月完成晉級(jí)。除了對(duì)所有銷售系統(tǒng)進(jìn)展管理，國(guó)家新聞出版廣電總局堅(jiān)持要求所有電影票顯示正確的價(jià)格和入場(chǎng)費(fèi)。但沒有對(duì)違背規(guī)定的詳細(xì)處分措施。發(fā)行方和放映方成認(rèn)，軟件更新一定會(huì)提供很大幫助，但幫助可能不夠。“違背規(guī)定

35、的代價(jià)還是太低了。假如被發(fā)現(xiàn)虛報(bào)了10次票價(jià)，只需要補(bǔ)上缺口即可，”樂視影業(yè)市場(chǎng)副總裁黃紫燕說。華星UME影城的經(jīng)理建議撤消違背規(guī)定的單位的營(yíng)業(yè)執(zhí)照?！半娪霸旱耐顿Y上千萬(wàn)，這樣嚴(yán)厲的懲罰，會(huì)讓他們覺得為了8萬(wàn)、10萬(wàn)的票房受這樣的懲罰劃不來?！边€有人想到其他方法，如運(yùn)用可以自動(dòng)掃描影院放映廳上座率的紅外攝像機(jī)。將來8到9年，將可以利用這項(xiàng)技術(shù)，據(jù)稱這項(xiàng)技術(shù)的準(zhǔn)確率為95%。但如今這項(xiàng)技術(shù)尚未得到使用。電影制作方在受到損失時(shí)，不愿意太過嚴(yán)厲，因?yàn)樗麄儾幌氲米锓庞撤?，原因在于在商業(yè)鏈上放映方所處的環(huán)節(jié)直接接觸終端用戶。一些人說不再為這樣的不規(guī)矩行為感到難過，而是開場(chǎng)絕望。這一次真的要采取行動(dòng)，“我

36、們要肅清行業(yè)中的這類非法，違規(guī)行為”，國(guó)家新聞出版廣電總局電影局局長(zhǎng)張宏森說。雅思閱讀材料：如何做一個(gè)早起鳥At 6 AM, most of us are lucky if we have the energy to reach for a cup of coffee. Mornings may be rough, but hold off on sleeping in. There are perks to waking up with the sun, and weve got some tips on making it easier.早上6:00，大局部人估計(jì)都沒那本領(lǐng)爬起來沖杯咖啡吧

37、?早上是痛苦的，賴床怎么也賴不夠。不過，還是有方法能讓你伴著陽(yáng)光醒來的，下面這些建議，就能讓你早起更輕松!Snooze and Lose: The Need to Know貪睡與損失：你有必要知道The old “Im just too tired” plaint may be more than a sorry excuse for waking up late. Research suggests there are biological differences between early larks, who wake up at the same time every morning

38、and feel most active around 9 AM, and night owls, who get more stuff done once the sun goes down. And it may get easier to greet the day at dawn as we get older, thanks to body clock changes as we age .那句“我只是太累了”的爛熟抱怨或許不只是晚起的借口那么簡(jiǎn)單。研究說明，“早起鳥”和“夜貓子”在生物上有著很多區(qū)別。“早起鳥”每天早上同一時(shí)間清醒，上午9:00時(shí)大腦最為活潑;而“夜貓子”的辦事效率

39、那么在太陽(yáng)落山后更高。而且，老了以后或許會(huì)更容易適應(yīng)凌晨就醒的狀態(tài)，畢竟人體生物鐘也會(huì)隨著年齡增大而發(fā)生變化。It turns out the early bird may get more than the worm. According to self-reports from college students, those who wake up earlier feel more optimistic and proactive than those who rise later. Other studies have found morning larks tend to be ha

40、rder working and conscientious than night owls. (Still, its not clear whether waking up early actually makes someone more productive or optimistic.)事實(shí)證明，早起的鳥兒或許真的就能吃到更多的蟲子。根據(jù)大學(xué)生的自我報(bào)告，早起的人比晚起的人要更樂觀積極。其他研究也發(fā)現(xiàn)，“早起鳥”比“夜貓子”更努力更自覺。(不過，早起是否真能讓一個(gè)人變得更有效率或更加樂觀，仍然不甚清楚。)And perhaps the secret to a 4.0 isnt only

41、 hitting the books: Another study of university undergraduates found those who said they function better in the morning received higher grades than those who preferred the evening Thats possibly because morning risers are more likely to get to class on time or to forgo late-night partying. Researche

42、rs also suggest memory may improve during sleep, so getting to bed earlier in preparation for a morning alarm could help those exam notes soak in.或許考高分的秘訣不只是“啃書本”了：大學(xué)生的另一項(xiàng)調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)，那些自稱早上頭腦更明晰的人，通常也比那些夜晚型的人更容易考高分。這很可能也是因?yàn)樵缙鹦偷娜烁菀诇?zhǔn)時(shí)上課或不去參加深夜派對(duì)吧。研究人員還認(rèn)為，記憶可能會(huì)在睡眠時(shí)得到增強(qiáng)，所以早點(diǎn)上床準(zhǔn)備第二天早起的話，確實(shí)會(huì)有助于吸收記憶考試。Being a mo

43、rning person may actually be good for our health, too. When UK researchers questioned adults about their sleep habits, they found people who stay under the covers on the weekdays until 9 AM are more likely to be stressed, overweight, and depressed than those who get up at 7 AM. Another study found t

44、eenagers who went to bed and woke up late were less inclined to hit the gym and more likely to be overweight than those who went to bed and woke up early. Talk about waking up on the wrong side of the bed. (Again, remember its not clear that waking up early causes stress, depression, or weight gain.

45、)而且，做一個(gè)早起的人確實(shí)也有益于身體安康。當(dāng)英國(guó)的研究人員調(diào)查成年人的睡眠習(xí)慣時(shí)，他們發(fā)現(xiàn)，工作日賴床賴到9:00的人，比那些7:00就起床的人更容易增加體重、感到沮喪有壓力。另有調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)，較之于早睡早起型，那些晚睡晚起的年輕人不太會(huì)去健身運(yùn)動(dòng)，自然也就更容易發(fā)胖。這正是起不了床又毀了一天的情緒。(當(dāng)然，早起是否會(huì)導(dǎo)致壓力、抑郁或體重加劇，仍然不甚明確。)Good Day Sunshine: Your Action Plan陽(yáng)光美妙的一天：你的行動(dòng)方案Night owls arent totally out of luck. One study found evening lovers ar

46、e more productive than morning people are at night. Still, being a morning person may be more advantageous for most peoples work schedules and routines, since the workday typically starts around 9 AM and the office is (usually!) not open at midnight. Regardless of the situation, there are ways to re

47、set the body clock and happily greet the day:“夜貓子”也不完全一無(wú)是處。有項(xiàng)調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)，“夜貓子”在晚上遠(yuǎn)比“早起鳥”有效率。不過，對(duì)大多數(shù)人的工作方案和日常事務(wù)而言，早起還是很占優(yōu)勢(shì)的，畢竟，工作日上班通常都是9:00開場(chǎng)，而不是半夜!不管怎樣，還是有方法調(diào)整生物鐘，從而開心擁抱新的一天的：1. Get enough sleep. It may seem obvious, but getting those remended seven to nine hours will make getting up earlier easier. Pro t

48、ip? Keep the laptop and other work out of the bed to sleep soundly.保證充足睡眠?；蛟S有些老掉牙，但睡足7-9小時(shí)確實(shí)更容易讓你早起。小建議就是，請(qǐng)讓筆記本電腦以及其他事務(wù)遠(yuǎn)離床頭，酣睡一覺吧!2. Stay consistent. Try to set the alarm clock for the same time every morningincluding weekends. A constant wakeup call may make it progressively easier to jump out of b

49、ed.保持持續(xù)一致。每天早上的鬧鐘都要設(shè)成一樣的時(shí)間周末也是。堅(jiān)持早上被這樣叫醒，然后你會(huì)越來越起得來床。3. Start slowly. Pick a new wakeup time and gradually work towards it. Want to wake up at 7 AM but stuck at 8? Start by setting the clock for 7:45, and move down in 15-minute increments until that new time goal is reached.循序漸進(jìn)。重新定一個(gè)起床時(shí)間，然后漸漸去適應(yīng)它。本想7:00起床，卻一直賴到了8:00?那就把鬧鐘調(diào)到7:45吧，留15分鐘間隙讓起床目的更容易實(shí)現(xiàn)!4. Skip the snooze. Disrupting sleep an hour or so before actually getting out of bed may disturb our REM cycle, which helps stimulate brain regions linked to cognition. Dont want to mess with that (or bug a roommate with multiple al