三段式作文法

1、 NUMPAGES 6備考2012寫作專題1 三段式作文法重點(diǎn)詮釋：所謂三段式就是將一篇書面表達(dá)按三段的寫作模式謀篇布局。就整體篇章結(jié)構(gòu)而言，如何把握較大的寫作空間，三段式的寫作模式為最佳選擇。三段式的模式寫法通常為：第一段開門見山，提出要解決的問題或觀點(diǎn)，或者把時(shí)間，地點(diǎn)，人物和主要事件及時(shí)點(diǎn)出。第二段要擺出事實(shí)或提出論據(jù)，或者把事情發(fā)展的經(jīng)過詳細(xì)寫出來。最后一段，得出結(jié)論或理由。注意：要學(xué)會(huì)使用過渡詞。過渡詞猶如“橋梁”和“粘合劑 ”。恰當(dāng)?shù)厥褂眠^渡詞可避免結(jié)構(gòu)松散，層次分明，表意不清等弊端，使文章條理清楚，文字連貫流暢。常用的過渡詞有：遞進(jìn)型： also, (and)besides, w

2、hats more, moreover, furthermore, in addition, even, whats worse, worse still, to make matters worse, for the worse, not only but also等；解釋型：that is (to say), in other words, or，namely, if fact, in reality, as a matter of fact等；轉(zhuǎn)折型：however, but, yet, nevertheless, instead, on the coutrary,on the othe

3、r hand 等；列舉型：firstlysecondlyfinally, on the one hand, on the other hand, for one thing, for another 等舉例型：for example, for instance, such as, that is, like, take for example等；因果型：because (of), since, now that, thanks to, due to; thus, therefore, as a result (consequence),so that, so that等；讓步型：though,

4、 although, in spite of, despite 等；順序型：firstnextand thenfinally, firstthenafter thatfinally 等；并列型：and, bothand, or, eitheror, as well as, 等時(shí)間型：afterwards, soon, later, the moment/ immediately/ on doing, hardlywhen, no soonerthan 等總結(jié)型：in a word, to sum up, in short, on the whole, in conclusion 等見解型：in

5、 my opinion, personally speaking, as far as I am concerned，Im sure 等條件型：if, as long as, so long as, on condition that , unless 等寫作典例：假設(shè)你是李越，你的加拿大筆友Steve來信說，他和他的一些同學(xué)正在學(xué)中文，請(qǐng)你推薦兩本學(xué)中文的詞典。根據(jù)下表提供的信息，請(qǐng)你給他寫一封回信。英漢詞典新華字典收詞（字）18000（英語）20000 （漢語）10000 價(jià)格 52元11元 特點(diǎn)大量例子，用法說明，適合初學(xué)者中國最常用的漢語字典注意：1。詞數(shù)：100左右； 2參考詞匯：推

6、薦recommend; 英漢詞典The English-Chinese Dictionary (ECE);新華字典 Xinhua Dictionary (XD)Dear Steve, Yours Li Yue 分析：此篇書面表達(dá)屬于實(shí)物說明文，其篇章結(jié)構(gòu)可按三段式進(jìn)行寫作。本文的第一段，可用直接的敘述“Im so pleased to learn that you and your classmates are learning Chinese”.正文即可作為第二段，其主要內(nèi)容是對(duì)兩本詞典的一些介紹。結(jié)束語即可作為第三段。應(yīng)將兩本詞典的特點(diǎn)表達(dá)準(zhǔn)確，以便加拿大筆友Steve作出合理選擇。表達(dá)時(shí)

7、，文章的基本時(shí)態(tài)可考慮用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。范文：Dear Steve, Im so pleased to learn that you and your classmates are learning Chinese. Id like to recommend the following two dictionaries.The English-Chinese Dictionary is really a good one for beginners. It has 18,000 English words and 20,000 Chinese words, besides plenty of ex

8、amples, it has many notes telling you how to use a word. Xinhua Dictionary is the most popular Chinese dictionary, and it has a vocabulary fo 10,000 words. It may also be useful to some advanced learners of Chinese. Of the two, ECD is more expensive. It costs 52 yuan,and XD costs 11 yuan. Please let

9、 me know if you want me to buy one for you. Yours, Li Yue 針對(duì)練習(xí)：（用三段式表達(dá)，注意用過渡詞）1目前，地球面臨水資源危機(jī)，請(qǐng)根據(jù)一下提示寫一篇100詞左右的短文。人們以為淡水是取之不盡的實(shí)際上淡水是非常緊張的人類應(yīng)該怎樣辦Global Shortage of Fresh WaterMany people believe that the worlds supply of fresh water will never be used up. They think that fresh water comes from such a v

10、ariety of sources that it is always sufficient for use. Such an opinion leads to a shocking waste of water.As a matter of fact, the earth is short of fresh water. Furthermore, with the rapid growth of the world population, the rising demand for water by industry, and the serious pollution of our sur

11、roundings, the world is facing the ganger of running out of fresh water. Actually, in some big cities, fresh water can not meet the daily needs.Therefore, to find new ways to save water is an urgent task. First, we should pass strict laws to control any waste of water. Second, scientists must work e

12、ven harder to purify sea water, and try to find substitute to reduce the use of fresh water.2這幾年，“考生該不該復(fù)讀”這個(gè)話題一直為社會(huì)各界所關(guān)注。下表是你班同學(xué)討論的結(jié)果，請(qǐng)你給英文報(bào)社寫一封信，客觀介紹講座情況，并簡要闡述自己的觀點(diǎn)。 多數(shù)同學(xué)認(rèn)為 少數(shù)同學(xué)認(rèn)為1.不該復(fù)讀 1.應(yīng)該復(fù)讀2.對(duì)應(yīng)屆生不公平 2.可以考上好大學(xué)3.增加家庭經(jīng)濟(jì)負(fù)擔(dān) 3.有利于未來就業(yè)4.精神壓力大 4.上何種大學(xué)是人生重要轉(zhuǎn)折點(diǎn)要求： 1.信的開頭已為你寫好，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。 2.詞數(shù)： 120左右.Dear Edit

13、or: Im writing to tell you about the discussion weve had about whether students retake classes after failing the college entrance examination. Yours truly, Li HuaDear Editor, Im writing to tell you about the discussion weve had about whether students retake classes after failing the college entrance

14、 examination. Opinions are various on the question. Many students are against the idea of retaking classes. They think it unfair for the students who take the exam for the first time. Besides, it also adds the family burden. So many of them suffer mental pressure as well as economic problems. Others

15、 think that it can be done because through one more year of hard study, they can make better preparations and may get a chance to enter their ideal universities. After all, the kind of university they enter, an important turning point in life, will directly affect their future employment. However, I

16、 think, this depends on different situations. If one student has no chance to be admitted to one university, maybe he can choose to retake classes. Yours truly, Li Hua 3最近幾年越來越多的大學(xué)生加入打工的隊(duì)伍，請(qǐng)你結(jié)合下表，就這一現(xiàn)象寫一篇短文。 現(xiàn)象1根據(jù)最近調(diào)查，約25的大學(xué)生打零工2在暑假，這一數(shù)字將增至723大學(xué)生常做的零活有：家教、服務(wù)員、售貨員等 原因4想賺錢支付一部分日益增長的學(xué)費(fèi)5想經(jīng)濟(jì)上獨(dú)立，買一些自己想買的東

17、西意義(內(nèi)容由考生自己擬定) 6 78 注意： 1詞數(shù)：120左右。文章的開頭已為你寫好。2參考詞匯： 調(diào)查survey; 家庭教師tutor; 學(xué)費(fèi)tuition; 經(jīng)濟(jì)地economically; 視野outlookAccording to a recent survey,_According to a recent survey, about 25 percent of college students have a part-time jobDuring summer vacation, this figure will increase to 72 percent. College

18、students are working as tutors, waiters or salesmen. Why do they want part-time jobs？First，they want to earn money to help cover the increasingly higher college tuition. Second, they hope to be economically independent and buy whatever they want. Third, In my opinion, by doing part-time jobs, colleg

19、e students can gain some society experience and broaden their outlook. Whats more, part-time jobs can provide them with a valuable chance/opportunity to know the outside world. So its of great significance for college students to do part-time jobs.4最近，網(wǎng)上展開一場(chǎng)關(guān)于“教科書是否要循環(huán)使用”的辯論。假如你是Li Hua，請(qǐng)你向報(bào)社寫信談?wù)勀阕约旱?/p>

20、一些想法。要點(diǎn)如下：（1.）據(jù)說我國的教科書壽命一般是半年，而美國則是五年。這說明浪費(fèi)嚴(yán)重；（2.）我國有兩億兩千萬學(xué)生，每年要用三十億本教科書，這就需要消耗一千一百萬棵樹木。如果將教科書的壽命在延長一年的話，那么將節(jié)省好多樹木；（3.）許多貧困家庭的學(xué)生買不起教科書，如果將不用的教科書贈(zèng)給他們豈不是更好？（4.）你的看法（至少兩點(diǎn)）。要求：（1）.語句通順，結(jié)構(gòu)合理；（2）.開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不記入總詞數(shù)（字?jǐn)?shù)：150左右）（3）.參考詞匯：lifespan 壽命Dear Editor,Recently there has been an argument about the reuse o

21、f textbooks on the internet. _Best wishes,Yours truly,Li HuaOne possible version:Dear Editor,Recently there has been an argument about the reuse of textbooks on the internet. I am writing to talk about it.As we all know, the average lifespan of a copy of a textbook is only half a year in our country

22、 while in America it is five years or so, which shows we waste too much. There are 220 million students consuming 3 billion textbooks each year, so about 11 million trees are needed to produce them! If the lifespan of textbooks could be extended for one more year, a large number of trees could be sa

23、ved each year. In addition, many children from poor families cant afford textbooks. Will it be good if we can afford them to reuse the books?So I suggest that all of us should encourage students to take care of their textbooks, and not only does it do good to us but also to nature. At the same time,

24、 this can also help us develop awareness of thriftiness.52008上海高考英語卷寫作題：你班將組隊(duì)參加學(xué)校組織的集體舞比賽（group dancing competition）,班長希望大家積極參與。對(duì)此談?wù)勀愕目捶?。你的文章必須包括以下?nèi)容：l. 你是否會(huì)參加比賽；2. 你做出該決定的具體理由。Version 1:A group dancing competition will be held in our school and the monitor calls on everybody to take an active part

25、in it. While most of my classmates are still hesitating whether to participate, I have said yes to our monitor with great pleasure.Generally speaking, there are two reasons for my decision. First, it is a good opportunity for me to relax myself, which will enable me to study more efficiently. All wo

26、rk and no play makes Jack a dull boy, so goes the saying, which clearly shows us the importance of relaxation. Besides, I think I am a good dancer after learning dance for more than five years. Participating in the contest will be a golden chance for me to show my dancing skills and make some contri

27、butions to the class.For the two reasons mentioned above, it is no surprise that I have such a strong enthusiasm on the group dancing competition.Version 2:Today the monitor calls on everybody to take an active part in the group dancing competition which will be held in a couple of days in our schoo

28、l. But after some careful consideration, I have decided not to participate.There are a number of reasons for my decision. First and foremost, as the College Entrance Exam is just around the corner, study is the top priority for me. Participating in the group dancing competition has to give way becau

29、se it might take me too much time. Whats more, without any experience of dancing, I dont think I can be a good dancing partner. I am afraid my poor dancing skills will probably spoil the performance of the whole class. In this case, its better for me to be a spectator cheering for my classmates. For these reasons, it seems more appropriate for me to watch the competition than to dance myself. 從寫作方法來說，考生可以根據(jù)高考議論文寫作的一般思路將整個(gè)文章分為三段來寫。 第一段是引言段，引出兩點(diǎn)：topic和thesis。Topic就是文章的話題，在這篇文章中就是集體舞比賽這個(gè)事情。而thesis就是指全文的中心內(nèi)容，在本文中就是自己是否參加比