閱讀七選五說明文

1、第 頁共9頁第 頁共9頁第1頁共9頁專題限時集訓(xùn)（十二）閱讀七選五說明文（I）（對應(yīng)學(xué)生用書第113頁）A（2017太原市模擬試題二）Developinggoodstudyhabitsisnteasy.1Inthisway,youllbecomemoreandmoresuccessfulasastudent.Startbyallowingnointerruptions.2Youhatetogive100percentofyourattentiontoyourwork.Dontallowyourselftobedistractedbyfriendsorfellowstudents.Keepyou

2、rgoalinmind;knowwhatyouhavetodoandwhenitneedstobedone.Dontletotherpeopleinflueneeyouintonotdoingyourwork.3Ifyoustudybestinthemorning，plantodoyourhardestsubjectsfirst.Remembernottoleavetodaysworktilltomorrow.Adelaylikethisiscalled“procrastination”.Ifyoudelayforanyreason,youllfinditmoreandmoredifficul

3、ttogetthingsdonewhenyouneedto.Youmayrushtomakeupthetimeyouwastedgettingstarted,resultingincarelessanderrorfilledwork.Anothergoodwaytostudyistotakepartinpartneredandgroup-studysessions.Theseallowstudentstoshareideasandhelpeachotherdealwithdifficultmaterial.4Forminggoodstudyhabitscanbedifficultatfirst

4、,andrequiresenergyandastrongwill.Butifyoucommityourselftoit,successwillbeyours.5Bydoingso,youwillknowthatyouhavetried.Ifyouaresatisfiedwithwhatyouvedoneandknowthatyouhavetriedyourbestyourgradeswillbetheicingonthecake.Figureoutwhenyouremostproductive.ItsimpossibletostudywhilechattingorwatchingTV.Alwa

5、ysgiveyourbestintheclassroomandinstudysessions.Puttingoffyourtaskforanyreasoncanmakeitdifficulttofinishontime.Youmaydowellenoughbutmaybeyoucanhardlyachieveyourgoaleasily.FButstartwithaplan，putinalotofhardwork，andstudyingwillbecomeeasier.GInaddition，learningamongstudentsisagoodwayofgettingafirmergras

6、pofthematerial.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了養(yǎng)成良好的學(xué)習(xí)習(xí)慣的方法和策略。F承接上文Developinggoodstudyhabitsisnteasy.”可推知，此處表示還是有比較容易的辦法的，所以選F項。B承接上文“Startbyallowingnointerruptions.”并與下文“Dontallowyourselftobedistractedbyfriendsorfellowstudent呼應(yīng)可推知,學(xué)習(xí)要專注,邊學(xué)習(xí)邊聊天或者看電視是不可能的，所以選B項。A承接下文“Ifyoustudybestinthemorning，plantodoyourharde

7、stsubjectsfirst”并根據(jù)本段的整體內(nèi)容可推知,本段主要講的是弄清楚學(xué)習(xí)的最佳時機(jī)，所以選A項。G承接上文“Theseallowstudentstoshareideasandhelpeachotherdealwithdifficultmaterial.”可知，集體學(xué)習(xí)有助于分享觀點，幫助彼此解決困難的學(xué)習(xí)材料，從而更牢固地掌握學(xué)習(xí)內(nèi)容，所以選G項。C承接下文“Bydoingso，youwillknowthatyouhavetried.Ifyouaresatisfiedwithwhatyouvedoneandknowthatyouhavetriedyourbest，yourgrade

8、swillbetheicingonthecake”.可推知，在學(xué)習(xí)過程中要竭盡全力才能夠成功，所以選C項。B（2017鄭州市第二次質(zhì)量預(yù)測）Whatdoestravelconsistof?Answerscanbeasvariedasworryingaboutyourbudget，tryingnewdishesatmeals，climbingmountainsandridingcrowdedlocalbuses，etc.ButtoMishanaKhot，aUStravelfanatic（狂熱者），travelis“morethanjustastampinyourpassportitsastamp

9、inyoursoul”.OnthetravelwebsiteVagabondish，Khotlistedsomewaysthatyouwillchangeaftertakingatrip.Now，pleasetakealook.Travelshowsthebigpicture.Khotbelieveswemayloseourselvesinourownlivesfromtimetotime.“Sometimeswecantseparateourdailyexisteneefromthebroaderperspective（角度）,”sheargues“6Itforcesyoutoseeyour

10、lifefromtheoutside.7Whenyouareonthewaychancesarethatyouwilldealwithflightdelays,slowbusesbadfood,horribleaccommodationandmuchmore.AsKhotpointedout,ifthereisoneconstantinatravelerslife,itisthattravelwillthrowupsituationsthatchallengeyou.Youmayhavemadethemostdetailedplan,butthenextminutesomethingjustg

11、oeswrong.8Travelmakesyoumoregrateful.Whetheryoutravelfromabigcitytothequietcountryside,orviceversa（反之亦然）,therewillcomeamomentwhenyouaregratefulforallyouhave.“Whenyoumeetsomeonewithonelegwhoishikingupahill,youwillcloseyoureyesforasecondandsaythankyou”shesaid.9Duringtravel,youllbeforcedtocommunicatewi

12、thmanymorepeoplethanyouusedto.10So,justthrowawayyourshyness.Thatwontguideyoutoyourdestination.Goandcommunicatewithpeople.Theyreanimportantpartoftheexperienee.Travelmakesyoumoreadaptable.Travelmakesyoumoresingleminded.Travelhelpsyouovercomeyourshyness.Youmaymeetsomethingpleasantwhenyoutravel.Travelpr

13、ovidesachaneetogetawayfromyourroutine.AndsometimesyouwontevenbeabletouseyourfirstIanguage.Youllgothroughangeranddisappointmenjtbuthopefully,youlllearntolaughatitandmoveon.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。愛好旅行的MishanaKhot為我們介紹了旅行的一些重要作用。E根據(jù)空后的ftforcesyoutoseeyourlifefromtheoutside可知，旅行使第3頁共9頁第 頁共9頁第 頁共9頁你從外部來看自己的人生；據(jù)此

14、可以判斷，空處表示旅行讓你擺脫常規(guī)，故E項符合語境。A根據(jù)該空位置可知，該句為第三段的主題句，概括第三段大意；通讀該段可知，該段主要說明旅行過程中出現(xiàn)的各種情況會讓你更加適應(yīng)生活，故A項符合文意。G上文介紹了旅行過程中可能遇到的各種挑戰(zhàn)，包括航班延誤、公交車慢、食物差、住宿條件不好等，據(jù)此可以判斷，空處順承上文，說明遇到這些挑戰(zhàn)時的心情以及應(yīng)如何應(yīng)對，故G項與此處匹配。C根據(jù)該空位置可知，該句為本段的主題句，概括本段大意；通讀該段并結(jié)合該段第三句“So，justthrowawayyourshyness.”可知，該段主要說明旅行可以讓人克服羞怯，故C項正確。F根據(jù)空前一句“Duringtrave

15、l，youllbeforcedtocommunicatewithmanymorepeoplethanyouusedto.可知，在旅行過程中，你將被迫和許多人交流；結(jié)合常識可以判斷，在交流過程中你有時甚至不能使用母語，據(jù)此可知F項符合文意。C（2017重慶市西北狼教育聯(lián)盟聯(lián)考）Theartofconversationstakespracticebutisnotashardasyoumightthink.11Bearoundconfidentpeople.Beingaroundconfidentpeoplemakesyoufeelgood.Theotherpersonsenthusiasmmake

16、salltheconversationparticipantsfeelconfidentandcomfortable.12Ifitssomeonewhoyouworkwith，orgotoschoolwith，lookattheirdepartmentwebsite,orseeifthepersonisonanysocialnetworksbeforetalkingtohimforthefirsttime.Theinformationyougetcanbeagoodstartingpointforconversations.Askquestions.Whatdotheyliketodo?Wha

17、tsortofthingshavetheydoneintheirlives?Whatishappeningtothemnow?Whatdidtheydotodayorlastweekend?13_However，trytospaceoutyourquestionsortheyllfeellikeyouareinterrogating（審問）them，whichisverybadandclosesofffriendships.Listen.Payattentiontowhatisbeingsaid.Makemovementstoindicatethatyouarestilllistening.l

18、fyoulistenwell,theotherpersonsstatementswillsuggestquestionsforyoutoask.14Theywilloftennotrealizethatitwastheywhodidmostofthetalking,andyougetthecreditforbeingagoodconversationalist.Knowwhentheconversationisover.Eventhebestconversationswilleventuallyrunoutofsteamorbeendedbyaninterruption.Smileifyour

19、eleaving,tellthemitwasnicetotalktothem,andsaygoodbye.15Askasmanyquestionsasyoucanthinkqfincludingtheirage,incomeandmarriage.Endingonapositivenotewillleaveagoodimpression.Findoutaboutthepersonyouwillbetalkingtobeforeyouactuallytalktohim,ifyoucan.D.Takeaspecialcourseonmakingconversationssothatyoucanco

20、mmunicatewithothersbetter.Allowtheotherpersontodomostofthetalking.Identifythingsaboutthemthatyoumightbeinterestedinhearingaboutandpolitelyaskquestions.Withsomepatieneeandthesestepsyoucanleanntorelaxandenjoyagreatconversation.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了提高溝通交流能力的技巧，包括和自信的人交往、詢問問題、耐心傾聽等。G空處為第一段尾句，起承上啟下的過渡作用，下

21、文是對如何提高溝通能力的介紹，據(jù)此可知，G項符合文意。C空處的位置說明空處為該段的主題句。根據(jù)空處下句“Ifitssomeonewhoyouworkwith，orgotoschoolwith，lookattheirdepartmentwebsiteorseeifthepersonisonanysocialnetworksbeforetalkingtohimforthefirsttime.”可知，該空主要闡述找到關(guān)于你將要交流的人的信息，故C項符合文意。F根據(jù)該段首句Askquestions”可知，該段主要闡述“詢問問題”這一方法；由空后一句可知，應(yīng)選F項“確認(rèn)一下你感興趣聽到的事情，有禮貌地問

22、問題”。E根據(jù)空處下句“Theywilloftennotrealizethatitwastheywhodidmostofthetalking,andyougetthecreditforbeingagoodconversationalisf.并結(jié)合該段首句Listen”可知，這里作者建議“聆聽別人講話，讓別人多說”，故E項與此匹配。B根據(jù)空處上句“Smileifyoureleaving，tellthemitwasnicetotalktothem,andsaygoodbye”并結(jié)合該段首句Knowwhentheconversationisover.”可知，以積極的氣氛結(jié)束交流會給別人留下好的印象，

23、故選B項。D（2017汕頭市教學(xué)質(zhì)量監(jiān)測）Heresasurprisingtruthoneofthemostpowerfulweaponstoenhanceyourlifeisyourowntongue!16Concentrateonthequalitiesofotherpeoplethatyoucanaffirminsteadofontheirfaults.Thisaloneshoulddowondersinrelievingstressinyourrelationships.Doctorsknowthatprolongedanxietyharmsyoubutencouragingwords

24、canremovestressandapeacefulmindleadstoimprovedphysicalhealthtoo.17Avoidfuelingverbalfire.Whensomeonestartstoblowupallatyou，becarefulaboutyourresponse.Whyburnyourrelationshiphousedownwithyourownmouth?Trysprayingwateronanargumentwithcalmwordsinsteadofusingaflamethrower.Howmanymarriageshavebeendestroye

25、dwheninafitofangerpeoplespewouthurtfulaccusationstooneanotherthatareneverforgotten18“Asoftanswerturnsawaywrath狂怒），butaharshwordstirsupanger.Stopcomplaining.Weallknowpeoplewhocomplainallthetime，especiallyaboutthefaultofothers.19Nothingisevergoingwellforthem，andprobablynothingeverwillaslongastheykeepc

26、omplainingandputtingtheirenergyonwhattheyreallydontwant.Dothinkbeforeyouspeak.20Itisuselessregretting.ltdoesntmatterhowunintentionaltheymaybe，wordscansometimescutalotdeeperthanasword.Veryoftenyoullhearpeoplesay“Ididntmeantohurtyourfeelings.”Well，ifyoudidntwanttohurtfeelingswhycouldntyoubethoughtfulb

27、eforeyoulettheunpleasantwordsescapeyourlooselips?Youshouldpracticewaitingawhilebeforeansweringsomeonewhenyou第 頁共9頁第 頁共9頁areangry.BPracticespeakingpositivewordsinsteadofnegativeones.CWestoreinourmindsinakindofmentalartgallerywhatothershavesaidtous.DOncethewordsleaveyourmouth，itisimpossibletotakethemb

28、ack.EThelongeryouthink，thebetteryoullspeak.FThemoretheydoso，themoretheyaredisliked.GThinktwicebeforespeaking.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。告訴我們應(yīng)如何注意自己的說話方式以幫助我們減壓并改善人際關(guān)系。B根據(jù)空后一句Concentrateonthequalitiesof.ontheirfaults”和下文的encouragingwordscanremovestresW知,應(yīng)選B“練習(xí)說一些積極的話語而不是消極的話語”。C由空前一句中的“prolongedanxietyharmsyou，b

29、utencouragingwordscanremovestress”可知，我們會把別人對我們說的話儲存在腦海里，如果這些話是消極的，則會傷害我們；若是鼓勵性的話語，就會幫我們消除壓力，故選C。A根據(jù)空前一句中的“wheninafitofangerpeoplespewouthurtfulaccusationstooneanotherthatareneverforgotte可知,人們一氣之下就會說出讓自己后悔的話，所以要練習(xí)在氣頭上控制自己的情緒，故選A“當(dāng)你生氣時，你應(yīng)該練習(xí)在回答問題之前先等一會兒”。F由空前一句“Weallknowpeoplewhocomplainallthetime.ofo

30、thers.”和空后的Nothingisevergoingwellforthem”可知，那些喜歡抱怨的人抱怨得越多，他們就越不招人喜歡，F(xiàn)選項中的they指的就是那些愛抱怨的人。D最后一段的主題是“在說話之前要三思”。根據(jù)空前的“Dothinkbeforeyouspeak”和空后一句“Itisuselessregretting.（后悔是沒有用的。）”可知，選D項。E（2017山東省六校聯(lián)考）Agoodtrainingpartnercanbeagreatasset有用的人）toyourtrainingbutifyougetstuckwithabadone,itcouldleadyoudownth

31、eroadtofrustration.21Hereareafewthingstolookoutfor:Dependable.Choosesomeonewhoyouaresurewillshowupforeveryscheduledworkoutorwhowillcallyouiftheycantmakeit.Itisadrain（了肖耗）onyourvaluableenergyespeciallybeforetrainingtohavetoconstantlyremindyourpartner.Attitude.Getapartnerwithapositiveattitude.Thisisve

32、ryimportant.Iftheyconstantlysaythatsomethingisimpossibleorthattheycantoryoucantdosomething,youmayendupbelievingthem.22Openmind.Getapartnerwithanopenmind.Someonewhohastodothingsinhisorherwayallthetime,willnotlistentoyouandwillnotchangehisorhermindisntagoodpartner.23Theleadershouldtakeintoaccountthene

33、edsandfeelingsoftheotherpartnernottotallyignoringthem.Spotting.Getsomeoneyoufeelcomfortablewithspottingyou.Oneofthemainrolesofatrainingpartnerisspottingandifyoudonttrustthem,theresnotmuchpointinhavingthemaroundtohelp.24Ifyouareabeginner,trytofindsomeonewhoknowswhattheyaredoing.Youwillgetmoreoutofyourtrainingthanifyoutrainwithanotherbeginner.Whilethereareanumberofadvantagesofhavingatrainingpartner