Unit 1 Topic Talk-Lesson1 單詞講解課件-高一英語北師大版（2019）必修第一冊

1、單詞課堂版本：新北師 單元：必修Book 1 Unit 1（TOPIC TALK LESSON 1）New Term, New Aim aim 你的新學期小目標制定了嗎？ aim 詞源解讀aim動詞的基本義是“to estimate, calculate（估算；計算）”，用眼睛來估算，即“瞄準” 。aim v vt & vi (用) 瞄準；(用) 對準：I was aiming at the tree but hit the car by mistake.The pilot was aiming for the runway but came down in a nearby field. v

2、i 力求達到 to try to do or achieve sth：She aims high (= tries to achieve a lot). Were aiming for a big improvement. aim to do sth:The theatre aims to build a bridge between deaf and hearing worlds by performing Shakespeares comedy in sign language. 2017 全國改 be aimed at (doing) sth:This activity is aimed

3、 at improving the students listening and speaking abilities. 2009 天津改 vt 常用于被動語態(tài) 針對：aim sth at sb:a programme aimed at teenagers aim n U 瞄準:Alan took aim at the target. C 目標 (goal)；目的 sth you intend to do; a purpose：achieve / realize ones aimmiss ones aimThe aim of this is to reduce air pollution. t

4、ake aim at 把目標對準；把批評的矛頭指向with the aim of 旨在；目的是 aimless adj 無目的的；沒有目標的 aimlessly adv 沒有目標地；無目的地aim的語義網(wǎng)絡(luò)圖“瞄準”某物“瞄準”某個結(jié)果 (用) 瞄準；(用) 對準力求達到 瞄準(基本義)瞄準目標；目的 vn辨析aim, goal, target這三個詞都含有“目標”之意。goal及target的目標可以是數(shù)字，如人數(shù)、銷量、考試分數(shù)等；target后可接customer, market, group等詞，表示“目標顧客 / 市場 / 群體”； achieve ones aim / goal /

5、 target with the aim / goal of I will try to achieve my aim / goal / target.（2018 天津改） Jane went to London with the aim / goal of finding a job. The university will reach its goal / target of 5,000 students next September. The Internet is seen as a good way of reaching target customers.（2014 福建改）保持安

6、全“距離”避免汽車追尾的方法除了預先判斷之外，最直接有效的方法就是保持3秒的安全行車距離。 世界衛(wèi)生組織確認新冠肺炎“大流行”以來，全球多國疫情迅速惡化。在這種嚴峻形勢下，中國的抗疫經(jīng)驗受到廣泛認可和借鑒，其中很重要的一條就是social distancing。 耶魯大學的尼古拉斯克里斯塔基斯援引相關(guān)研究結(jié)果稱，中國嚴格的social distancing措施使新冠肺炎“傳染率” 從1人傳染3.8人下降到0.32人。 這里的distance是名詞動詞化。social distancing distance 詞源解讀distance由前綴dis- “分離，分開（apart）”、詞根-st- “站

7、立（stand）”及名詞詞尾-ance組成，兩邊分開站，即有一段“距離”。distance n C & U 距離；間距：The honey guide birds seem to be able to smell wax from a long distance away. 2012 全國改Its just a distance of 50 metres from here to the restaurant. 2011 山東改The beach is within walking distance of my house. U 單數(shù) 遙遠；遠處；遠方：Watch the performanc

8、e on the street from a safe distance. C & U 冷淡；疏遠： The coldness and distance in her voice took me by surprise. 【重要搭配】at / from a distance 有相當距離：The picture looks beautiful at a distance.in / into the distance 在遠處：Farther in the distance, I could enjoy the view of snowy mountains.keep ones distance 保

9、持距離詞匯拓展distant adj 遙遠的；遠處的；久遠的：He wanted to get away from everything so he moved to a distant land. The time we spent together is now a distant memory.These rocks proved that at one time in the distant past the Antarctic was covered by plants. 疏遠的；冷淡的：Pat sounded very cold and distant on the phone.

10、只用于名詞前 遠親的 反close:He is my distant cousin / relative. distance語義網(wǎng)絡(luò)圖感情上的“距離” 空間上的“距離”遙遠的“距離” 距離；間距遙遠；遠處；遠方冷淡；疏遠距離(基本義)distance疏遠的；冷淡的遙遠的；遠處的；久遠的distant遠親的感情上的“距離” 空間上的“距離”遙遠的“距離” 距離；間距遙遠；遠處；遠方冷淡；疏遠距離(基本義)distancedistant 用括號內(nèi)單詞的適當形式填空，體會分詞形容詞。1. Its one of the most stressful jobs Ive got. I often feel

11、 very _ (stress).2. Im _(interest) in English because I think it is very _(interest).3. They say its _ (bore) to hear the same songs all the time.4. _ (bore) with life in the city, he moved to a village.5. Starting university can be exciting, and can also be _ (worry). 6. She was very _ (worry) abou

12、t her sick erestedinterestingBoredboringworriedworryingstressed分詞形容詞分詞形容詞：很多動詞的-ing分詞和-ed分詞已經(jīng)成為獨立詞條的形容詞，甚至有些分詞形容詞比其動詞形式更為常用。例如：stressed, interested / interesting, excited / exciting, bored / boring, surprised / surprising, worried / worrying, tired / tiring 將上面的分詞形容詞分類： 表示人的感受： 表示人/物給人帶來的感

13、受：stressed, interested, excited, bored, worried, tiredinteresting, exciting, boring, worrying, tiring抽象名詞比起中文來，英文不但富于抽象名詞，也喜歡用抽象名詞。 余光中將所給名詞分類：quality, campus, distance, apartment, expectation, laptop,confidence, gym, competence, range, aim, tensioncampus, apartment, laptop, gymquality, distance, ex

14、pectation, confidence, competence, range, aim, tension具體名詞抽象名詞具體名詞 (concrete noun) 是指現(xiàn)實物質(zhì)世界中存在的，可觸摸到或看到的人、事物、地方和實體等。抽象名詞 (abstract noun) 指的是抽象的東西，如意念、情感、概念、性質(zhì)、關(guān)系、狀態(tài)等。翻譯下列句子中的畫線部分。1. She said that the watch was of good quality.2. Each garden city would offer a wide range of jobs and services.（2011 江西

15、）3. She visited the school with the aim of seeing the library.4. They closed the windows in expectation of rain.5. You will make better choices if you have confidence in yourself.（2015 全國改）抽象名詞是英語學習中的難點和盲點。英語喜歡用名詞，而漢語喜歡用動詞和形容詞，這是英語和漢語之間一個很重要的差異。因此，建立抽象名詞的概念，學會使用抽象名詞，能大大提升表達的地道性。質(zhì)量好各式各樣的目的是期待對有自信 Wan

16、gs works show a deep understanding of modern architecture and a good knowledge of traditions. Through such a balance, he had created a new type of Chinese architecture, said Tadao Ando, the winner of the 1995 Pritzker Prize. Wang believes traditions should not be sealed in glass boxes at museums. “T

17、hat is only evidence that traditions once existed,” he said. “Many Chinese people have a misunderstanding of traditions. They think tradition means old things from the past. In fact, tradition also refers to the things that have been developing and that are still being created,” he said. “Today, man

18、y Chinese people are learning Western styles and theories rather than focusing on Chinese traditions. Many people tend to talk about traditions without knowing what they really are,” said Wang.2018年全國III卷閱讀理解C篇節(jié)選學習抽象名詞很重要隨堂檢測confident & confidence1. Every day, youll learn some new English vocabulary

19、, idioms and phrasal verbs. And youll feel more confident _ working and making friends in English. (2010 湖北)2. Its important that children learn to read _ confidence. 3. Once you are confident _ your power over bad situations, problems are just stepping stones to success. (2010 廣東) 4. The little gir

20、l walked _ (confident) onto the stage, ready for her first speech. (2012 陜西)aboutin / of / about confidentlywith一、在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。1._ （自信) will help you make better choices because you can see what the best outcome would be for your well-being. （2015 全國）2. _ (我們相信) the environment will be i

21、mproved by our further efforts to reduce pollution. （2013 遼寧）self-confident / Being confident in yourself 二、根據(jù)漢語提示完成下列句子。We are confident / We have confidence that Having confidence in yourself / Having self-confidence / Being 一、寫出下列句子中recover的漢語釋義。1. Once the damage is done, it will take many years

22、 for the farmland to recover. (2015 北京) _2. When a Swedish ship that sank in 1628 was recovered from the port of Stockholm, historians and scientists were overjoyed. (2006 重慶) _3. Once she nearly slipped(滑到), but somehow she recovered her balance and carried on running. _恢復常態(tài)重新獲得 恢復recover二、將下列句子譯成英

23、語。1.要有充足的睡眠，這會幫助我們的眼睛從疲勞中恢復過來。(2007 天津書面表達)_2. 在我的精心照料下，我媽媽迅速恢復了健康。(2013 北京書面表達)_With my special care, my mother recovered quickly.Have enough sleep, which will help our eyes recover from tiredness.一、根據(jù)句意選出challenge的最佳釋義。 對質(zhì)疑 向挑戰(zhàn)；邀請比賽 考驗的能力 _ 1. The job is too easy to really challenge her._ 2. Such

24、one-sided views should have immediately been challenged. (2011 重慶閱讀理解)_ 3. No one has seriously challenged the champion.二、用所給詞的正確形式填空。In the coming three years, our school life will be _ (challenge). (2014 江西書面表達)challengingchallenge 一、根據(jù)句意寫出range的漢語釋義。_ 1. Our funds were limited, and none of the ho

25、uses in our price range seemed satisfactory（令人滿意的）. （2015 天津）_ 2. In recent years, stress has been regarded as a cause of a whole range of medical problems. （2016 上海）_ 3. These missiles （導彈）have a range of 300 miles. range范圍一系列射程 二、完成句子。1. In addition to these traditional activities, we have _ （更多不同

26、的選擇）such as travelling and visiting our relatives or friends. （2013 遼寧書面表達）2. He likes doing different kinds of activities after work, _ （從游泳到打籃球）. 三、選出畫線部分的同義詞。_ 1. The hens range freely about the farm._ 2. Our discussion ranged over many current issues（議題）.deal with, movea wider range of choicesra

27、nging from swimming to playing basketballmovedeal withquality一、根據(jù)漢語，寫出單詞的正確形式。1. My _（質(zhì)量）of life has improved since I moved to the country.2. He has a lot of good _（品質(zhì)）such as honesty and independence.二、根據(jù)所給漢語，用適當?shù)脑~塊完成下列句子。1. This laptop _（質(zhì)量好）, but its too expensive.（2011 湖北改）2. The government enco

28、urages farmers to grow corn instead of rice to_（改善水質(zhì)）.（2018 全國）quality qualities is of good / high quality improve water quality aim一、在空白處填入 1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。1. The aim _ education is to teach young people to think for themselves and not follow others blindly. （2014 浙江）2. Hes aiming _ a win in thi

29、s race.3. These educational courses are aimed _ older people.4. I want to see a strong and united country in which people work together with common _ (aim).5. The measures are aimed at _ (prevent) violence.6. We aim _ (be) there around six.of at for aims preventing to be二、根據(jù)漢語完成下列句子。1. _ (他瞄得不準) and he missed the target. (aim n)2.