2022-2023學(xué)年上海華東師范大學(xué)附屬中學(xué)高三英語(yǔ)聯(lián)考試題含解析

1、2022-2023學(xué)年上海華東師范大學(xué)附屬中學(xué)高三英語(yǔ)聯(lián)考試題含解析一、 選擇題1. _ 6 world powers have accepted _ Iranian offer for talks on its disputed nuclear program.A. The; a B. 不填; an C. The; an D. 不填; a參考答案：C2. All the citizens here strongly insist those found _ “harmful” advertisements in the streets _ punished strictly.A. putti

2、ng up; will be B. to put up; should be C. putting up; be D. being put up; shall 參考答案：C3. The new dictionaries are very useful. They _ well and _ already .A. sell; have been sold out B. sold; had sold out C. sell; sell out D. are sold; have been sold out參考答案：A 解析：考查時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)。提示：“動(dòng)詞副詞（well，easily，quickly等

3、）”中的動(dòng)詞不必用被動(dòng)式，這類動(dòng)詞有read，wash，sell，open，shut，clean，bum，pull，draw等。4. Sorry, I forgot to post the letter for you. Never mind, I _ it myself. A. post B. am going to postC. was postingD. will post參考答案：D5. It is a pity that we have nothing to refer to when we come across new words. I quite agree with you.

4、 There isnt any dictionary around when we need _. A. it B. that C. this D. one參考答案：D6. As some famous singers will appear at the pop concert， likely to be a large audience A. its B. heres C. theres D. thats參考答案：C7. _ by the advances in technology, many farmers have set up wind farms on their land.A.

5、 Being encouraged B. EncouragingC. Encouraged D. Having encouraged參考答案：C8. Does your sister work as a teacher in Canada? No, but she once _there for five yearsAtaught Bhad taught Chas taught Dwould teach參考答案：A9. He is too fat and the doctor has warned him to food. Akeep outBkeep away Ckeep offDkeep

6、up參考答案：C 10. Without your help, I such a breakthrough in this project.A. hadnt made B. didnt makeC. wont have made D. wouldnt have made參考答案：D11. It is said that some people living in SouthAsia have a_for snakes, treating them as their friends Apreference Breferrence Cpressure Dpermission參考答案：A略12. W

7、hen you reach our company at 5p. m. , I _ there to discuss a problem with you.A. wait B. have waited C. was waiting D. will be waiting參考答案：D13. We are rather about the sympathy he claims to have for the poor because he is mean with his money. Aoptimistic Bpositive Csceptieal Dcautious參考答案：C14. There

8、 were two rooms in the house, _ served as a kitchen.A. the smaller one of which B. the smaller one C. the smaller of them D. and the smaller one of which參考答案：A15. hungry Asinger Bhang Clanguage Dlength參考答案：C 二、 填空16. Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word

9、 can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. account B. adjustable C. appliances D. capture E. decorations F. direct G. experiment H. intended I. operated J. soulless K. squeezeGolden Rules of Good DesignWhat makes good design? Over the years, designers and artists have

10、been trying to 41 the essentials of good design. They have found that some sayings can help people understand the ideas of good design. There are four as follows.Less is more. This saying is associated with the German-born architect Mies van der Rohe. In his Modernist view, beauty lies in simplicity

11、 and elegance, and the aim of the designer is to create solutions to problems through the most efficient means. Design should avoid unnecessary 42 More is not a bore. The American-born architect Robert Venturi concluded that if simplicity is done badly, the result is 43 design. Post-Modernist design

12、ers began to 44 with decoration and color1 again. Product design was heavily influenced by this view and can be seen in kitchen 45 such as ovens and kettles.Fitness for purpose. Successful product design takes into consideration a products function, purpose, shape, form, color1 , and so on. The most

13、 important result for the user is that the product does what is 46 . For example, think of a(n) 47 desk lamp. It needs to be constructed from materials that will stand the heat of the lamp and regular adjustments by the user. It also needs to be stable. Most importantly, it needs to 48 light where i

14、t is needed.From follows emotion. This phrase is associated with the German designer Hartmut Esslinger. He believes design must take into 49 the sensory side of our naturesight, smell, touch and taste. These are as important as rational(理性的) thinking. When choosing everyday products such as toothpas

15、te, we appreciate a cool-looking device that allows us to easily 50 the toothpaste onto our brush.參考答案：41.D 42.E 43.J 44.G 45.C 46.H 47.B 48.F 49.A 50.K試題分析：本文屬于說(shuō)明文，告訴我們好的設(shè)計(jì)應(yīng)包括四個(gè)黃金定律：簡(jiǎn)約、功能以及情感等等。41.D動(dòng)詞capture獲得；捕獲；本句中該詞構(gòu)成的不定式短語(yǔ)“to capture.”作為動(dòng)詞try的賓語(yǔ)。句意：多年以來(lái)，設(shè)計(jì)師和藝術(shù)家一直都在努力搞清楚好的設(shè)計(jì)的本質(zhì)。42.E名詞decorations

16、 裝飾，該詞在句中作為動(dòng)詞avoid的賓語(yǔ)。本段的主題是“Less is more”倡導(dǎo)裝修設(shè)計(jì)的簡(jiǎn)單化。句意：設(shè)計(jì)應(yīng)該避免不必要的裝飾物。43.J形容詞soulless 沒(méi)有靈魂的；該詞在本句中做定語(yǔ)修飾名詞design。根據(jù)前半句“The American-born architect Robert Venturi concluded that if simplicity is done badly.”可知美國(guó)建筑家Robert Venturi總結(jié)過(guò)，如果簡(jiǎn)約沒(méi)有做好，那么這樣的設(shè)計(jì)就是沒(méi)有靈魂的；44.G動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)experiment with試用，用.做實(shí)驗(yàn)；句意：后現(xiàn)代主義設(shè)計(jì)師們?cè)僖?/p>

17、次開(kāi)始試驗(yàn)裝飾和顏色。45.C名詞appliance電器，電器工具；該詞可由后面列舉的例子“ovens and kettles烤箱和水壺”推理，指廚房電器等物品。46.H形容詞intended預(yù)期的；本句中該詞和系動(dòng)詞is構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)。句意：對(duì)用戶來(lái)說(shuō)最重要的是產(chǎn)品達(dá)到了預(yù)期的效果。47.B adjustable可調(diào)節(jié)的；本句中該詞作定語(yǔ)修飾名詞desk lamp，意為可調(diào)節(jié)的臺(tái)燈，與后句中的regular adjustments by the user相呼應(yīng)。48.F 動(dòng)詞 direct對(duì)準(zhǔn)，指揮；本句中該詞與名詞light構(gòu)成動(dòng)賓短語(yǔ)。句意：最重要的是，它需要對(duì)需要光線的地方。49.A 動(dòng)

18、詞短語(yǔ) takeinto accout考慮；把考慮在內(nèi)；句意；他認(rèn)為設(shè)計(jì)必須要把自然的知覺(jué)考慮在內(nèi)，如：視覺(jué)、嗅覺(jué)、觸覺(jué)和味覺(jué)。50.K 動(dòng)詞 squeeze 擠壓；本句中該詞和名詞the toothpaste 構(gòu)成動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。句意：我們很喜歡一個(gè)看起來(lái)很酷的裝置，能讓我們很容易地把牙膏擠到我們的牙刷上?！久麕燑c(diǎn)睛】在選詞填空中，很重要的一點(diǎn)就是要確認(rèn)空格詞的詞性。下面給大家一些確認(rèn)空格詞詞性的小規(guī)律：1. 如何確定空格處為名詞(1)如果空格處前面為冠詞a /an/the、形容詞或者及物動(dòng)詞，空格處應(yīng)填入名詞。(2)如果空格處前面是介詞，空格充當(dāng)該介詞的賓語(yǔ)，需填入一個(gè)名詞。 (3)如果空格處后

19、面是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的，且空格前沒(méi)有句子主語(yǔ)，空格處應(yīng)填入該動(dòng)詞的主語(yǔ)(名詞)。2. 如何確定空格處為動(dòng)詞(1)如果空格處前面已經(jīng)有名詞或代詞作主語(yǔ)，后面又有名詞或代詞作動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)，且中間無(wú)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，空格處應(yīng)為及物動(dòng)詞；如48. Direct把對(duì)準(zhǔn)，指導(dǎo)。(2)如果空格處前面是be動(dòng)詞，后面無(wú)賓語(yǔ)且句意表被動(dòng)，空格處應(yīng)填及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞。(3)如果空格處前面是名詞或代詞作主語(yǔ)，后面沒(méi)有賓語(yǔ)或有一個(gè)介詞加賓語(yǔ)。(4)如果空格處前面是名詞或代詞作主語(yǔ)，后面是形容詞，空格應(yīng)填入系動(dòng)詞或be動(dòng)詞。(5)如果空格處前有不定式標(biāo)志to，空格處應(yīng)填入動(dòng)詞原形；如果to是介詞，后面應(yīng)填入動(dòng)名詞。3. 如何確定空格處

20、為形容詞(1)如果空格處后面為名詞的，空格處可能填入形容詞；如47.形容詞adjustable可調(diào)節(jié)的(2)如果空格處前面是副詞的，空格處可能填入形容詞；(3)如果空格處前面是系動(dòng)詞或be動(dòng)詞，空格處可能填入形容詞作表語(yǔ)。如46.形容詞intended預(yù)期的；4. 如何確定空格處為副詞(1) 如果空格處前面或者后面為動(dòng)詞的，空格處可能填入副詞。(2) 如果空格處后面是形容詞的，空格處可能填入副詞。三、 閱讀理解17. Stanford University has begun an investigation following claims that some of its staff kn

21、ew long ago of Chinese scientist He Jiankuis plans to create the worlds first gene-edited babies.A university official said a review was under way of interactions some faculty members had with He. who was educated at Stanford. Several professors including Hes former research adviser have said that t

22、hey knew or strongly suspected that He wanted to try gene editing on embryos (胚胎).The Chinese genetic scientist posted a video on You Tube in November 2018. He claimed in the video that he had used a gene-editing tool Crispr-Cas9 to modify (修改) a particular gene in two embryos before they were place

23、d in their mothers womb (子宮). He, who works in a lab in the southern Chinese city of Shenzhen, said the twin girls, known as Lulu and Nana, were born using an egg that was modified. He focused on HIV infection prevention because the father is HIV positive. “Now the father has a reason to live, a rea

24、son to work, he has a purpose,” He said.Editing the genes of embryos, which can change other genes, is banned in many countries because DNA changes are passed to future generations and could have unforeseen effects on the entire gene pool.Chinas national health commission ordered officials to “serio

25、usly investigate” Hes claims. Shenzhens health and family planning commission said it was investigating the review process around He s work.Research institutions connected to He have distanced themselves from him. “This research work was carried out by Professor He Jiankui outside of the school,” sa

26、id the Southern University of Science and Technology in Shenzhen. It called his research a “serious violation of academic ethics (道德)”.12. What did He Jiankui claim in the video posted on You Tube?A. He was wrong in trying gene editing on embryos.B. He prevented the twins from developing cancer.C. H

27、e modified a gene in Lulu and Nanas embryos.D. He was influenced by his research adviser in Stanford.13. Why is gene editing of embryos banned in many countries?A. The effect of DNA changes on the gene pool is unforeseeable.B. It causes disabilities to the gene-edited babies.C. The future generation

28、s will rely on gene editing.D. It will affect all the healthy genes of the embryos.14. How did the university in Shenzhen react to Hes video claim?A. It ordered investigations to be conducted.B. It called the incident a big shame for the nation.C. It declared not related to Hes research.D. It kept a

29、 distance from the media.15. Which can be a suitable title for the text?A. The USA Bans Gene-editingB. What are the Ethics of Medical Treatment?C. Scientists Find the Idea of Gene-edited Babies CrazyD. Stanford Investigates Links to Scientist in Gene Editing參考答案：12. C 13. A 14. C 15. D【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。此前有報(bào)道稱，中國(guó)科學(xué)家賀建奎(He Jiankui)計(jì)劃創(chuàng)造世界上第一個(gè)基因編輯嬰兒。斯坦福大學(xué)已開(kāi)始進(jìn)行調(diào)查?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第二句“He claimed in the video that he had used a gene-editing tool Crispr-Cas9 to modify (修改) a particular gene in two embryos bef