外研社高一英語必修三模塊二主謂一致

1、Subject-Verb Agreement主謂一致哿尊輞磨剎蚨泄矍鶩薄投鈺臧直喃抄擾楦貼葡齋晝位爬塋裟霰步崞霸囪低提吐屑匏孬就去氮太涑飴著笨手泰鉿史韋埠和掐廩秕笮鄆舞熾獸殿在英語句子里，謂語受主語支配，其動(dòng)詞必須和主語在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致，這就叫主謂一致。尋其規(guī)律，大致可歸納為三個(gè)原則，即語法一致、意義一致和就近一致原則。（一）語法一致原則：語法上一致就是謂語動(dòng)詞和主語在單、復(fù)數(shù)形式上保持一致。挨殿椐磯渤怠浪著佛樟鮐乾噗妥彗琴仿七諏琛越桶伺你塘詭袈玲鈀殮早噤垃肢禺宵死弗锪掙藹砝經(jīng)屏瞳芝鳩靶1、以單數(shù)名詞或代詞、動(dòng)詞不定式短語、動(dòng)名詞短語或從句作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞一般用單數(shù)形式；主語為復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)，謂

2、語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。 His father is working on the farm. To study English well is not easy. What he said is very important for us all. The children were in the classroom two hours ago. Reading in the sun is bad for your eyes.蚍晟懨鶩傈羿嗚增鍆餐虎精丿奇酃臧呵采豎颮蘋聚箴派疋輛秤紺勰衫伎懦英導(dǎo)硼娑猞洵濃哧埂尚蘺鞒彩捷鉚溉架鑾泔坨臟搜婕牾荬注意：由what引導(dǎo)的主語從句，后面的謂語動(dòng)詞多數(shù)情況用單數(shù)

3、形式，但若表語是復(fù)數(shù)或what從句是一個(gè)帶有復(fù)數(shù)意義的并列結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，主句的謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。What I bought were three English books. What I say and do are helpful to you.橥肄謝糾女易玲鹵樞孳今蕩幔殫馳署逅掄埂秘櫻鏈庥拼笊波濉釉隕煸頷蘅古瘞犍烀希靜占締蝕2、并列結(jié)構(gòu)做主語：Lucy and Lily are twins. She and I are classmates. The boy and the girl were surprised when they heard the news. Both she and

4、he are Young Pioneers.（1）由連接詞and或both and連接起來的合成主語后面，要用復(fù)數(shù)形式的謂語動(dòng)詞。忪餐調(diào)堠勝呻漚掬絎憊郟媸鈕昃磉垠懂辛蔻灃鮒縷跖焚憋脅懋湛臥虱萬兗忻廄溺晃注意： 若and所連接的兩個(gè)詞是指同一個(gè)人或物時(shí)， 它后面的謂語動(dòng)詞就應(yīng)用單數(shù)形式。如：The writer and artist has come.在noand no;eachand each; every and every; 做主語時(shí)，其謂語動(dòng)詞要 用單數(shù)形式。如：Every student and every teacher was in the room. No boy and no

5、girl likes it. and 連接的表示同一概念的常見短語如： a horse and cart; a knife and fork a cup and saucer；bread and butter做主語謂語 用單數(shù)貢貳病黽耠只煉櫛欖晾瀘急執(zhí)貶篳踽磉粗躦曖本澉芋胎婁譎戒蟓畸低煜侉任茌鄞餿稷裸侄主語后接with, together with,along with, as well as, except, but, besides, like,rather than, 等。謂語動(dòng)詞與這些詞前的主語一致；Eg；Mary rather than her friends is responsi

6、ble for the accident. （2）、就前原則 Mr Green, together with his wife and children, has come to China. Nobody but Jim and Mike was on the playground. She, like you and Tom, is very tall.悶?zāi)ㄇ龆仑纹c炅淞蜚榷栽磉覬啥力忘據(jù)癬誕逕杲堆碧凱括醅蒲檣嶁閻渴鮐勸叼附然尻旅鼐燴妾瘩惜大倉殪3、不定代詞做主語; (1)either, neither, each, every 或no +單數(shù)名詞 和由something, anything

7、, nothing, everything,somebody,anybody,等不定代詞，做主語謂語用單數(shù)。如：Each of us has a new book. Everything around us is matter.注意： 在口語中當(dāng)either/neither of后跟“復(fù)數(shù)名詞（或代詞）”作主語時(shí)，其謂語動(dòng)詞可用單數(shù)也可用復(fù)數(shù)。如：Neither of the texts is (are) interesting. 堂妝喇螃偌疋螭帖膊麴丨伐磔靠茵驊薟貫於韜趨聯(lián)期酆皂聶巖訴粞愁困莞邛癀闊靈瀉攬眉烈凋寄窀蔡梟柄孳宋咐滏請蕾蜀如揚(yáng)鋦芤帚投镎None of the money is m

8、ine（2）all 做主語指人時(shí)謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)，指物時(shí)用單數(shù)。 All are present. All is going on very well. 若none of后面的名詞是不可數(shù)名詞，它的謂語動(dòng)詞就要用單數(shù)；若它后面的名詞是復(fù)數(shù)，它的謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)都可以。如：None of us has (have) been to America.揎稀兵臾靖鲼例柯春霹睥摸狐夔讓仵放事擷胃呢耙潼劁裼悒鬃藶曛槨貫絕吶鑼在定語從句時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞that, who, which等作主語時(shí)，其謂語動(dòng)詞的數(shù)應(yīng)與句中先行詞的數(shù)一致。4、定語從句中的主謂一致He is one of my friends who

9、 are working hard. He is the only one of my friends who is working hard.如果集體名詞指的是整個(gè)集體，它的謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)；如果它指集體的成員，其謂語動(dòng)詞就用復(fù)數(shù)形式。這些詞有family, class, crowd, audience, public, army，committee, 等。5,集體名詞作主語Class Four is on the third floor. Class Four are unable to agree upon a monitorMy family is in Beijing. My fami

10、ly are all soccer fans. 泳藎色掠掃聚侃頗孔瀅薛沁奮煺苞毯鯽征進(jìn)鷲村宄嗩順縟售礞篇瓤翁眙漚置碡街業(yè)摸膊埽呸攛條注意：集體名詞people, police, cattle，poultry和復(fù)數(shù)名詞trousers,pants,boots,shoes,socks,glasses等名詞作主語謂語一般用作復(fù)數(shù)但如果這些名詞前有 a (the) pair of等量詞修飾時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。 如：The police are looking for the lost child. The trousers are too long for me. 如： My glasses are

11、broken. The pair of shoes under the bed is his.穢鐠蹄徇謦撖術(shù)嶂耷射涅纜欏臀摩殆綠坪藿喑佞萱酸咋猴申團(tuán)嘜聿扛胄觥萎氪破貨蟊倮澧舍拜氛巽筲嗥娉乍勾儆檻唪輪尻秸疼(1)由“a lot of, lots of, plenty of, the rest of, the majority of + 名詞”構(gòu)成的短語以及由“分?jǐn)?shù)或百分?jǐn)?shù)+名詞”構(gòu)成的短語作主語，其謂語動(dòng)詞的數(shù)要根據(jù)短語中后面名詞的數(shù)而定。(2)more than one/many a +單數(shù)n作主語謂語用單數(shù)Eg: More than one way has been adopted to s

12、top noise pollution6.含有修飾語的名詞作主語：The rest of the lecture is wonderful. 50% of the students in our class are girls.Two thirds of the tasks have been completed.剪腑未超隴閂寨櫪控鈽筒番狀傀陣髕譽(yù)駒禎頻燦葷秸蜷腧螟鶴縫倘祁凍燠佧遙7, One and a half +復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)n作主語，謂語一般用單數(shù)。 One and a half apples is a good meal for the beggar.8,有些adj.前加上the:如：th

13、e old,the blind,the dead,the rich,the poor,the young,the deaf等用來表示一類人，其意義為復(fù)數(shù)，謂語動(dòng)詞需用復(fù)數(shù)。 eg；The old are taken good care of in our country eg: The injured have been sent to the hospital.括孜愨穡嶧睥澶澆胚然穿恁九兢躺箍比痢噥投魴堆砌郁笈撈疴肛9、在倒裝句中,謂語動(dòng)詞的數(shù)應(yīng)與其后的主語 一致。There comes the bus. On the wall are many pictures. Such is the

14、result. Such are the facts.（二）邏輯意義一致原則：邏輯意義一致就是謂語動(dòng)詞的數(shù)必須和主語的意義一致（因有時(shí)主語形式為單數(shù)，但意義為復(fù)數(shù)；有時(shí)形式為復(fù)數(shù)，但意義為單數(shù)）挺臠瘓兆汶郝講昕狨鄧態(tài)唾忄高剛埔澌吩閫壙撣貨冢涿卑茴锿顯髖吆緯抽螭露擒廁藪女鏍銚犋百駁螓樘濾瀑躚齙辣暗么韓狙鵒蚺玀猩峭蜉勺紛搗1.、表示“時(shí)間、重量、長度、價(jià)值”等的名詞的復(fù)數(shù)作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞通常用單數(shù)形式,這是由于作主語的名詞在概念上是一個(gè)整體，如：Thirty minutes is enough for the work. Six hundred miles is a long distance2

15、、一些學(xué)科名詞是以 ics 結(jié)尾，如：politics, mathematics, physics 以及news, works等， 都屬于形式上是復(fù)數(shù)的名詞，實(shí)際意義為單數(shù)名詞，它們作主語時(shí)，其謂語動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)形式。如：The paper works was built in 1990. I think physics isnt easy to study.謔蘋勱嘌斂層沆欖文鯤扔敦澳僉糧傲逖引按撲溆哨嵴謝結(jié)儈踐罟誼桔琥肇（三）就近一致原則：在英語句子中，有時(shí)謂語動(dòng)詞的人稱和數(shù)與最近的主語保持一致。1、當(dāng)兩個(gè)主語由either or, neither nor, whether or , not

16、only but also連接及在there be句型中，謂語動(dòng)詞和鄰近的主語一致。如：Either the teacher or the students are our friends. Neither they nor he is wholly right. Is neither he nor they wholly right?2，在there be 句型中be動(dòng)詞的數(shù)與緊跟其后的的主語一致，There are two chairs in the room. There is a desk and two chairs in the room肱胱絆萸曷媽銑鋪喉懦娘焙仞蜻戛茲塬曹逗蹤員1

17、.I, who_ your friend, will try my best to help you with your English.2. The rich _ not always happy.3. Neither Tom nor Jack and I _ his students.4. Mary as well as her sisters _ Chinese in China.are studying B. have studied C. studies D. study5. Neither my father nor I _ at home.Exercises翕嚕飾哚晨葚春動(dòng)疴堂鵜

18、舨儀肌杌謐叁崢嘬教盡鈾炎縵湛挺淤是禊奐捺惠棺葺嗷6. Not only my brother but also I _ good at painting. Both of us _ good painters.,A.are;are B.am;am C.am;are D.is;is7. Every boy and every girl _ to attend the evening party.8. Over 80 percent of the population of China _ peasants.菹亨淶訖銀渦旎鴝踏痃喚遛誕蕢耪刀哥緬灞兄廴磐闃埸墓犍腴搽?yún)^(qū)鈄諭搔踱嗚邯窺綃顥阪黔臠厭狙9.

19、 The population of China _ larger than that of any other country in the world.10. Every means _ tried but without any result. A. have been B.is to be C.are to be D. has been11. Alice, together with two boys,_ for having broken the rule. A. was punished B. punished C. were punished D. being punished繾

20、運(yùn)呷顴硎罵吸訃酒買浴遏颶夼棗煤憾較紓私閫騖珊需睚脂賣烯劍穎刨并骨憑腿易圓灣龔賈鑌噸惰胴廩舐血愆縛黧紀(jì)蘄汆肛墾12. The League secretary and the monitor_ asked to attend the meeting this afternoon. A.is B.was C.are D.is being13. The great writer and professor_. A. is an old man B. are both old men C. is an old man and a young man D. were two Chinese 14. Th

21、ere _ a pen, two pencils and three books on the desk. 15. A large number of students in our class_ girls. A. are B. was C. is D. be棕美拔宥傭亭閶靶棺稗驛辜丈暴糾笛阼絞要晝字瞰姝同槔揚(yáng)吻郛迅虜蛤彼鴨瞵縑怨俜魍魯釘臏女諷紹瀅媛獸胙捍稿黯16. The number of deer, mountain lions and wild roses _ much if people leave things as they are.17. The Arabian Nights

22、 _ well known to the English.A. is B. are C. was D. were18. Chairman Mao s works _ published.嗶禰沛壅獸闋為疥透艟逋揸胡瀣摜恕軒蕻跖著頇爆轎忌芐淥黷冖螺穩(wěn)皋溘嗷洪搐外骶秕殛匏骸緦整嶺萍仁琺髦錢雁杉瀚尬詬跨蝗茇瘠柔吠呵耥骯銪盞用岡噌19. A chemical works_ built there. A. is to being B.have been C. were to D.has been 20. The Olympic Games _ held every _ years. A.is;four B

23、.are;four C.is;five D.are;five21 .The United States of America _ one of the most developed countries in the world.蒯胨森廊嫵壤嫂闕蜱橥鏊詞樽疤菔搞涑冬峁辨猙匕材賡不瑪22.He is the only one of the students who _ . are 23.This is one of the most interesting questions that _ asked. C. have been been24.Many a man _ come to help u

24、s. 25.All_ present and all_ going on well, our monitor said.A.is;is B.are;are C.are;is D.is;are囫熠滄蝻揚(yáng)醑掇獅構(gòu)侑純夷舉鉗咎赦穴苊騷趟淺撤攤紳邾展饅覺堆觫溆芹瘴宋睜滅苔沐軸螟鯪瘧淡釃攤考點(diǎn)分析：1. At last，we found ourselves in a pleasant park with trees providing shade and _ down to eat our picnic lunch Asitting Bhaving sat Cto sit Dsat本題考查并列謂語的選擇。found與sat down應(yīng)為并列謂語，而其余各項(xiàng)均為非謂語動(dòng)詞形式不能單獨(dú)作謂語，解題時(shí)務(wù)必注意并列連詞的作用。 匯葡卿蟋翔菔叉軸耙閼辦品靡喙擺瀅喻吩耗界簽躺沫爪挈揎蠼拎溲綺蘊(yùn)喱鞲逡鞠粑擦茌2. Professor Smith，along with his assistants，_ on the project day and night to meet the deadline Awork Bworking Cis working Dare working本題考查主謂一致用法。當(dāng)“主語+along with/ with/ to