英語四級閱讀理解答題技巧及例題解析

1、四級閱讀對能力和速度的要求：（要求每分鐘70個單詞，一分鐘120個單詞最佳）提高速度的方法： 改掉閱讀的不良習慣（邊看邊翻譯，邊看邊念）增加視野的寬度。養(yǎng)成閱讀的習慣。有技巧性方式提高閱讀速度看文章時要有所不為(主次分明的看文章 )找答案要有方向感能力方面的要求：把握文章主題說明重要細節(jié)進行分行推理領會作者的態(tài)度 七種題型：態(tài)度題。是非判斷題細節(jié)題。觀點題?？嘉恼轮黝}的主題型。main ideapurposetitle推理題concludeinfer詞匯題熟詞偏意考較難單詞或詞組的意思考句子的含義如何提高閱讀能力：擴大閱讀量課本 報紙 文章名著 哲理性小說經(jīng)濟問題環(huán)境問題交通問題科技問題美國的

2、歷史，文化和教育 2.、仿長句，難句，復雜句 寫日記（feelings ,experiences） 3、攻克單詞關 1)分單元記憶 兩點誤區(qū)：等量記憶一詞多義怎么背 2）聯(lián)想記憶法四級閱讀的做題方法： 在題干中找關鍵詞分析原文，同時定位關鍵詞做題時，要回到文章分析相關內(nèi)容結(jié)合排除法選擇答案如何找關鍵詞：只看題干，選項不看首選時間和數(shù)字；專有名詞；中心話題例題：Apply v. 1、申請+for、適用+to、應用+toFew and far between 少而又少的Let alone 更不用說Intercontinental travelers 跨海旅游的人Earn a living 謀生Tu

3、rn to sb. 向某人求救US Navy 美國海軍否定的狀語引導主干，主句的主、謂要倒裝Under way 開始=start四級細節(jié)題一般定位在哪一段，就在哪一段找答案。例題2：Psychologists take opposing views of how external rewards ,from warm praise to cold cash, affect motivation and creativity .behaviorists ,who study the relation between actions and their consequences ,argue th

4、at rewards can improve performance at word and school. Cognitive researchers ,who study various aspects of mental life, maintain(認為，維持，保養(yǎng)) that rewards often destroy creativity by encouraging dependence on approval and gifts form others . The latter view has gained many supporters ,especially among

5、educators .but the careful use of small monetary (金錢的) rewards sparks creativity in grade-school children ,suggesting that properly presented inducements( 刺激) indeed aid inventiveness ,according to a study in the June Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. “If kids know theyre wording for a r

6、eward and can focus on a relatively challenging task, they show the most creativity,” says Robert Eisenberger of the University of Delaware in Newark. “But its easy to kill creativity by giving rewards for poor performance of creating too much anticipation for rewards.” A teacher who continually dra

7、ws attention to rewards or who hands out high grades for ordinary achievement ends up with uninspired students, Eisenberger holds. As an example of the latter point, he notes growing efforts at major universities to tighten grading standards and restore failing grades.例題3：(數(shù)字，轉(zhuǎn)折，舉例)四級細節(jié)題目的順序問題：細節(jié)題目按

8、照先后順序來設計，答案也按先后順序設計。數(shù)額中現(xiàn)象：考題，考一個題目.一系列例子并列出現(xiàn)，或考例子本身，或考結(jié)論句Of+名詞=形容詞 of benefit=beneficial 例題4：是非判斷題：四種問法：true 2、not true 3、mentioned 4、not mentioned做題方法：在四個選項中，分別找關鍵詞，然后在原文空位和判斷。Explanation to the trouble 總結(jié)：1、數(shù)字數(shù)字串考且僅考一個題計算題至少涉及到兩個數(shù)字轉(zhuǎn)折第一段的轉(zhuǎn)折經(jīng)常和文章產(chǎn)題有關聯(lián)轉(zhuǎn)折前后對應的單詞是反義詞，對應的句子是反如果句子里面含有however，被考的可能性生90%以上

9、舉例如果題干在問一個例子說明什么，則文章中例子本身可以不看Take into account 考慮在內(nèi)=take into considerationAt different rates 以不同的速度Contribute to :A contribute to B A 對B有利態(tài)度題總結(jié)：態(tài)度題答案一般根據(jù)文章主題來判斷四級閱讀態(tài)度題經(jīng)常涉及單詞：1、正評價：positive（肯定的，絕對的，積極的）/optimistic（樂觀的）/reasonable（合理的，適當?shù)模骼淼模?approving（贊成，同意，批準） 2、否定: negative/pessimistic（悲觀的，悲觀主義的）

10、 /critical（批評的，危險的，決定性的）/ doubted （懷疑）3、中立：neutral（中立者，中立的）/ compromise（妥協(xié)） /objective（客觀的，外在的因果關系和比較關系，并對甲級題中的細節(jié)題作出總結(jié)：注意有”of”結(jié)構(gòu)的中心話題結(jié)論：如果文章中有比較的句子，那么這個句子很有可能被考到，如果該比較擴大到段與段之間，那么也很可能被考到。Be accustomed to 習慣于 be conditioned to 習慣于，關于Give rise to ：引起總結(jié)：如果段落之間形成比較，有重要和次要之分的話，我們選擇那些更為重要的段落。 對因果關系的總結(jié)：因果原則

11、：重點單詞：reason ,because ,for, since ,.如果一個句子里存在因果關系，轉(zhuǎn)折關系，該句很有可能涉及考題。比較原則：重點單詞：most ,more ,especially (尤其),differ當幾種情況并列出現(xiàn)，必考最典型的內(nèi)容。 四級典型句子：Britain almost more than any other country in the world must seriously face the problem of building upwards ,that is to say ,of accommodating a considerable propor

12、tion of its population in high blocks of flats(公寓). 本句是四級里較為典型的主、謂分離結(jié)構(gòu)的句式。主語是”Britain” ，謂語是“must seriously face”，賓語是“problem”。第二個“of”是對第一個“of”的補充說明。Accommodate : 提供住宿，V. 供應，適應在當今世界，很多國家相比，英國更加嚴峻面臨著建筑物向高空發(fā)展的問題,也就是說要把相當多的人口安置在高層公寓的問題。It is said that the Englishman objects to this type of existence, bu

13、t if the case is such, he does in fact differ the inhabitants of most countries of the world today.(本句中包含的考點：1、轉(zhuǎn)折；2、differ;3、most。這里第一，二兩句話形成矛盾)In the past our own blocks of flats have been associated with the lower-income groups and they have lacked the obvious provisions(供應，防備，預備), (such as centra

14、l heating, constant hot water supply, electrically operated lifts from top to bottom, and so on ), as well as such details(這里指輔助輔助設備)important notwithstanding(然而),(as easy facilities for disposal of dust and rubbish and storage places for baby carriages on the ground floor, playgrounds for children

15、on the top of the building ,and drying grounds for washing.)理解長單句的關鍵在于把握句子的主干。Be associated with : 與聯(lián)系在一起B(yǎng)ase A on B 根據(jù)B得出A。四級中重要的句型：主謂分離：如果第一個名詞后面沒有謂語動詞，則第一個名詞為本句話的主語.并列雙結(jié)構(gòu)。指一個句子中會有兩個成分并列.(通過并列連詞（and）從后向前找出并列的核心單詞。)多重復合句。理解方法：括起從句，抓住主干。環(huán)環(huán)相扣句型。從句里有從句。把長句分割為短句，分層次各個擊破。At Beth Israel each patient is assigned to a primary nurse who visits at length with the patient and constructs a fu