高考英語(yǔ)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的運(yùn)用與比較_第1頁(yè)
高考英語(yǔ)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的運(yùn)用與比較_第2頁(yè)
高考英語(yǔ)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的運(yùn)用與比較_第3頁(yè)
高考英語(yǔ)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的運(yùn)用與比較_第4頁(yè)
高考英語(yǔ)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的運(yùn)用與比較_第5頁(yè)
已閱讀5頁(yè),還剩39頁(yè)未讀, 繼續(xù)免費(fèi)閱讀

下載本文檔

版權(quán)說(shuō)明:本文檔由用戶(hù)提供并上傳,收益歸屬內(nèi)容提供方,若內(nèi)容存在侵權(quán),請(qǐng)進(jìn)行舉報(bào)或認(rèn)領(lǐng)

文檔簡(jiǎn)介

1、高考英語(yǔ)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的運(yùn)用與比較第1頁(yè),共44頁(yè),2022年,5月20日,0點(diǎn)14分,星期五b. 其它詞性:詞性在句中成分名形副主賓表賓補(bǔ)定狀不定式分詞動(dòng)名詞XXXX第2頁(yè),共44頁(yè),2022年,5月20日,0點(diǎn)14分,星期五2. 句法功能的區(qū)別:1 主語(yǔ)動(dòng)名詞不定式In many countries, shaking ones head means “no” and nodding means “yes”.To write a science fiction is his wish.Its dangerous to play/playing with fire.1.兩者作主語(yǔ)一般可以通用,意義

2、沒(méi)有多大差別。2. 不定式一般表示特定的,具體的行為,特別是表將來(lái)的一次行為;動(dòng)名詞常表示抽象的,一般的行為。第3頁(yè),共44頁(yè),2022年,5月20日,0點(diǎn)14分,星期五It is no use _(argue) with him about that.arguing3. 在含有no, -less,常用動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)。Eg.It is no use doing.; It is useless doingIt is no good doing; It is no help doing第4頁(yè),共44頁(yè),2022年,5月20日,0點(diǎn)14分,星期五2. 表語(yǔ)不定式動(dòng)名詞分詞The story is

3、moving.A way of saying “I am hungry” is patting the stomach before a meal.My task this class is to teach you how to grasp the grammar.現(xiàn)在分詞作表語(yǔ)表示主語(yǔ)的特征,相當(dāng)于形容詞,因此 它前面可用very, quite 或表示比較意義的more, most 來(lái) 修飾;動(dòng)名詞作表語(yǔ)說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的內(nèi)容,可以與句中的主語(yǔ)交換位置。由于動(dòng)名詞具有明顯的名詞特征,故不能用以上表示程度或比較意義的詞修飾。不定式則表示某一次具體的行為,類(lèi)似于作主語(yǔ)。第5頁(yè),共44頁(yè),2022年,5

4、月20日,0點(diǎn)14分,星期五His hobby is playing football. Or: Playing football is his hobby.The volleyball match we watched was very exciting.2. 動(dòng)名詞作表語(yǔ)時(shí),該句的主語(yǔ)有很大的局限性,主要是job, work, task, duty, wish, happiness, 等;現(xiàn)在分詞作表語(yǔ)時(shí)的主語(yǔ)范圍廣泛得多。He The The scientific novelTo read a novel at the momentWhat he saidis interesting.第

5、6頁(yè),共44頁(yè),2022年,5月20日,0點(diǎn)14分,星期五3. 賓語(yǔ)動(dòng)名詞不定式根據(jù)習(xí)慣搭配和語(yǔ)義區(qū)分習(xí)慣接動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)的有:mind, finish, enjoy,avoid, risk, consider, practise, suggest, advise, miss, appreciate, imagine, put off, keep(on),give up, insist, be used to, look forward to, stickto, devote ones life to, be busy, be worth, canthelp, excuse, escape, a

6、dmit(承認(rèn)),delay, keep,risk, object to(反對(duì)), pay attention to, etc.第7頁(yè),共44頁(yè),2022年,5月20日,0點(diǎn)14分,星期五習(xí)慣于后接動(dòng)詞不定式而不接動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有:want, wish, hope, expect, promise,pretend, decide, manage, refuse, learn, agree,plan, offer, long, demand, help, manage,prepare, learn, determine, prefer, intend, etc. 第8頁(yè),共44頁(yè),2022年

7、,5月20日,0點(diǎn)14分,星期五動(dòng)名詞與不定式的不同含義:be afraid to do 不敢、害怕、膽怯去做某事be afraid of doing 擔(dān)心、恐怕出現(xiàn)We are never afraid to lay down our lives for the right cause.為了正義的事業(yè)我們絕不怕?tīng)奚约旱纳he was afraid of waking her husband up.第9頁(yè),共44頁(yè),2022年,5月20日,0點(diǎn)14分,星期五 2) forget to do sth.忘記去做某事(未做)forget doing sth.忘記做過(guò)了某事(已做) The l

8、ight in the office is off. It was she who turned it off, but she herself forgot _( turn ) it off. The light in the office is still on. She forgot _(turn )it off.第10頁(yè),共44頁(yè),2022年,5月20日,0點(diǎn)14分,星期五3)remember to do sth.記著去做某事(未做)remember doing sth.記著做了某事(已做)Do you remember _(meet) me at a partylast year?Y

9、ou must remember _( leave) tomorrow.第11頁(yè),共44頁(yè),2022年,5月20日,0點(diǎn)14分,星期五4) regret to do sth. 遺憾地說(shuō)/告訴 regret doing sth. 后悔做了I regret _( go ) to his home town.I regret _( tell ) you the truth.第12頁(yè),共44頁(yè),2022年,5月20日,0點(diǎn)14分,星期五5) stop to do sth.stop doing sth.6)try to do sth. try doing sth. You must try _( do

10、) it again. Lets try _( do ) the work in some other way.第13頁(yè),共44頁(yè),2022年,5月20日,0點(diǎn)14分,星期五7) mean to do sth. mean doing sth. If it means _( delay ) more than a week, Ill not wait.I mean _( go ), and nothing can stop me.8) go on to do sth.go on doing sth.9)cant help doing sth. 情不自禁,不禁 cant help (to) do

11、sth. 不能幫忙做第14頁(yè),共44頁(yè),2022年,5月20日,0點(diǎn)14分,星期五10. permit / allow / advise + doing sth. + sb. to do sth. 11. start / begin / continue / like / love / hate + to do sth. + doing sth.但有些動(dòng)名詞在句中是主動(dòng)形式,卻有被動(dòng)含義The house requires / needs / wants repairing.The book is worth reading. 第15頁(yè),共44頁(yè),2022年,5月20日,0點(diǎn)14分,星期五4.

12、 定語(yǔ)動(dòng)名詞分詞不定式Do you know the man talking with a black there?The carrying pole reminds me of our bitter days in the past.There will be many people to help you. =who is talking The pole for carrying things第16頁(yè),共44頁(yè),2022年,5月20日,0點(diǎn)14分,星期五1 所含時(shí)態(tài)意義the laughing audienceHave you read the book 20,000 Leagues U

13、nder the Sea written by Jules Verne?The next boy to play went to the piano.He is always the first one to get up.分詞正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生了的動(dòng)作不定式尚未實(shí)現(xiàn)的將來(lái)的行為或表示一般性 敘述而無(wú)一定的時(shí)間性。動(dòng)名詞表示被修飾詞的目的或用途第17頁(yè),共44頁(yè),2022年,5月20日,0點(diǎn)14分,星期五2 邏輯關(guān)系: 分詞 主謂關(guān)系(可改成定語(yǔ)從句) 動(dòng)名詞表示被修飾詞的目的或用途 不定式多種邏輯關(guān)系The labto be builtbeing builtbuilt last year第18頁(yè)

14、,共44頁(yè),2022年,5月20日,0點(diǎn)14分,星期五The rising sun-the sun that is risingA broken glass- a glass that is brokenThe light is off. Please give me some candles to give light. ( some candles that give light)主謂關(guān)系 A hard job to do-a hard job that one must do動(dòng)賓關(guān)系A(chǔ) place to rest-a place where one can rest動(dòng)狀關(guān)系The pla

15、n to open up rice fields同謂關(guān)系第19頁(yè),共44頁(yè),2022年,5月20日,0點(diǎn)14分,星期五3. 現(xiàn)在分詞和過(guò)去分詞falling leavesfallen leavesexiting newsexited students-ing 令人; -ed 表示所修飾詞本身的特征a disappointing voice; a disappointed voice第20頁(yè),共44頁(yè),2022年,5月20日,0點(diǎn)14分,星期五注意:1?,F(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí),表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行或與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的表示的動(dòng)作幾乎同時(shí)發(fā)生。如兩個(gè)動(dòng)作有先有后,一般不能用現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ),而要用定語(yǔ)從句。1. Th

16、e teacher criticized the student who had broken the window.2. Yesterday, mother told me an event which happened five years ago. 第21頁(yè),共44頁(yè),2022年,5月20日,0點(diǎn)14分,星期五2. 不定式作定語(yǔ) Change the following into infinitives.He was the first person that came to the classroom this morning.Do you have anything that you

17、 want to say?Here are some books that you can read.He thought out a plan _ (punish) Tom.He is always the last _ (come) to officePlease give me a knife _ (cut) with.作定語(yǔ)的不定式如是不及物動(dòng)詞,不定式后面須有相應(yīng)的介詞。第22頁(yè),共44頁(yè),2022年,5月20日,0點(diǎn)14分,星期五5。賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)不定式分詞使役動(dòng)詞:make, have, let, hear, listen to, see, watch, notice, observ

18、e, look at, etc.感覺(jué)動(dòng)詞:find, see, watch, notice, hear, feel, etc.Its cold out side, we had the fire burning all night.Mum had him wash the plates.I saw him go upstairs.I saw him going upstairs(已經(jīng)上去了,全過(guò)程)(此刻的行為)第23頁(yè),共44頁(yè),2022年,5月20日,0點(diǎn)14分,星期五6。 狀語(yǔ)不定式分詞1.Every day he climbed to a high rock near his cave

19、 to keep watch.2. Two years later, her father disappeared , never to return.3. Im very glad to have this stamp again.4. It is too dark for us to see anything in the room.5. He is old enough to look after himself.目的結(jié)果原因程度程度不定式主要作目的,結(jié)果和程度狀語(yǔ)第24頁(yè),共44頁(yè),2022年,5月20日,0點(diǎn)14分,星期五1. Once fleeing Germany, Einste

20、in went first to France, then to Belgium2. Being a shy man, Einstein didnt attend the great celebration.3. The trainer appeared, followed by six little dog.4. Given more time, I can do it better.5. Weighing almost 100 jin, the stone was moved by him alone.6. The boy stood up, obliging me to rise, to

21、o.時(shí)間原因方式,伴隨條件讓步結(jié)果1。分詞在句中主要作時(shí)間,原因,方式或伴隨,條件,讓步,結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)。第25頁(yè),共44頁(yè),2022年,5月20日,0點(diǎn)14分,星期五分詞和不定式作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)My grandfather lived to see the liberation of China.Tonys father died, leaving him a lot of money.He went home, only to find his money stolen.(動(dòng)作行為)(狀態(tài))2。不定式強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作發(fā)生的過(guò)程或未曾料到的不愉快的結(jié)果;分詞主要表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生后所引起的結(jié)果狀態(tài)或必然產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果。第

22、26頁(yè),共44頁(yè),2022年,5月20日,0點(diǎn)14分,星期五現(xiàn)在分詞和過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)Many people come to theme parks, looking for thrills and entertainment. Once published, his work became famous for the absence of rhyme at the end of each line.主語(yǔ)是分詞所表示動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者分詞用doing / having done,如果是分詞所表示動(dòng)作的承受者,分詞用done / having been done。第27頁(yè),共44頁(yè),2022年,5月2

23、0日,0點(diǎn)14分,星期五注意:1。狀態(tài)動(dòng)詞或相當(dāng)于狀態(tài)動(dòng)詞的一些詞。She sat there, lost in thought.After a days work, he went home, tired out.2. 一些使役性動(dòng)詞,如:disappoint / excite / surprise / move / interest / puzzle 。第28頁(yè),共44頁(yè),2022年,5月20日,0點(diǎn)14分,星期五The game _ (interest) the boys. The boys are _ the game.The game is _. I wonder why footb

24、all _ boys. A. has interestedB. is interested inC. interesting D. interested_ (excite) at the news, the boys rushed to watch the game._ (Fill) with joy, I started off. interestsinterested ininterestingAExcitedFilled 第29頁(yè),共44頁(yè),2022年,5月20日,0點(diǎn)14分,星期五3 不定式在作表語(yǔ)/ 補(bǔ)語(yǔ)的形容詞后面作狀語(yǔ),用主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)意思。This question is di

25、fficult _ (answer).Do you think him easy_ (work) with?We find this rule hard _ (remember).4 有些分詞已經(jīng)轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)楠?dú)立成分, 含有“泛指”意義,在句中常作插入語(yǔ)。如:generally speaking, judging from, talking of, supposing, consideringJudging from his accent, he is a southerner.to answerto /to /第30頁(yè),共44頁(yè),2022年,5月20日,0點(diǎn)14分,星期五注1:分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí),其邏輯

26、主語(yǔ)須與句子的主語(yǔ)一致,構(gòu)成主動(dòng)或被動(dòng)的關(guān)系。注2: 表示時(shí)間關(guān)系的分詞短語(yǔ)有時(shí)可由連接詞while或when引導(dǎo)。注3:有時(shí),”with + 名詞(或代詞賓格)+ 分詞”的結(jié)構(gòu)表示伴隨狀況。注4: 當(dāng)分詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)與主句的主語(yǔ)不同時(shí),分詞須有自己的主語(yǔ),構(gòu)成獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。(見(jiàn)后)While watching TV, he heard someone shoutingshout for help.With the work done, he went home.Weather permitting, well go outing tomorrow.Moved by his words, tea

27、rs came to my eyes.第31頁(yè),共44頁(yè),2022年,5月20日,0點(diǎn)14分,星期五3 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的各種形式:(以動(dòng)詞do為例)主動(dòng)被動(dòng)一般完成進(jìn)行完成進(jìn)行一般完成不定式分詞To doTo be doneTo have doneTo have been doneTo be doingTo have beendoingdoingBeing doneHaving doneHaving been done第32頁(yè),共44頁(yè),2022年,5月20日,0點(diǎn)14分,星期五1。不定式的時(shí)態(tài)與語(yǔ)態(tài):1)一般式:不定式表示的動(dòng)作常與謂語(yǔ)的動(dòng)作同時(shí)(或幾乎同時(shí))發(fā)生,或在它之后發(fā)生。 I saw

28、him go out.I plan to attend the meeting to be held tomorrow.2)進(jìn)行式:不定式表示的動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行。Im very glad to be working with you. 3)完成式:不定式的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之Im sorry to have kept you waiting.The article is said to have been read by many people. 第33頁(yè),共44頁(yè),2022年,5月20日,0點(diǎn)14分,星期五 2。動(dòng)名詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)1)動(dòng)名詞的時(shí)態(tài):一般式和完成式如G.的動(dòng)作沒(méi)明確表示出時(shí)間是與謂

29、語(yǔ)同時(shí)發(fā)生或在謂語(yǔ)之前發(fā)生,用一般式。We are interested in _ (play) chess.如G.的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作之前,通常用完成式。 Im sorry for not _ (keep) my promise. 但在某些詞后,常用一般式,盡管其動(dòng)作是在謂語(yǔ)所表示的動(dòng)作之前發(fā)生。 On hearing the bad news, she cried. Ill never forget seeing that film for the first time. 第34頁(yè),共44頁(yè),2022年,5月20日,0點(diǎn)14分,星期五2)動(dòng)名詞的語(yǔ)態(tài) doing being d

30、one having done having been done He was afraid of _ (leave) at home. The house showed no sign of _ (damage). Xu Benyu insisted on being sent to the mountain area to serve the children there.第35頁(yè),共44頁(yè),2022年,5月20日,0點(diǎn)14分,星期五3 現(xiàn)在分詞的時(shí)態(tài)及語(yǔ)態(tài):分詞的動(dòng)作如發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之后doing,用一般式,如發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之前,用完成式having done。 Having enjoy

31、ed the rides at the Headland, visitors can take a shuttle to the Lowland.But theme parks also try to make sure that visitors leave knowing more about their theme.第36頁(yè),共44頁(yè),2022年,5月20日,0點(diǎn)14分,星期五4 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)邏輯主語(yǔ)能發(fā)出該動(dòng)作 (發(fā)) 邏輯主語(yǔ)不能發(fā)出該動(dòng)作 (收)不發(fā)不收用結(jié)構(gòu): 動(dòng)詞不定式:用獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)。 動(dòng)名詞:用復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。 分詞:用獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)第37頁(yè),共44頁(yè),2022年,5月20日,

32、0點(diǎn)14分,星期五如果要說(shuō)明不定式表示的動(dòng)作是誰(shuí)做的,可以在不定式前加一個(gè)由for/of 引起的短語(yǔ)。 It is easy for the students to read. It will be a mistake for us to help you.1 不定式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu): for/of sb. to do sth.Its wrong of him to speak bad behind others.第38頁(yè),共44頁(yè),2022年,5月20日,0點(diǎn)14分,星期五2 動(dòng)名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu): 名詞所有格(Marys)/形容性物主代詞(my)+動(dòng)名邏輯主語(yǔ)是有生命的名詞:作主語(yǔ)時(shí),須用名詞所有格或形容詞性物主代詞;作賓語(yǔ)時(shí),也可用普通格或人稱(chēng)代詞賓格。 Toms (His) coming is what we have expected. She didnt mind Jack/ Jacks (him/ his) coming here.第39頁(yè),共44頁(yè),2022年,5月20日,0點(diǎn)14分,星期五2. 邏輯主語(yǔ)是無(wú)生命的名詞:只

溫馨提示

  • 1. 本站所有資源如無(wú)特殊說(shuō)明,都需要本地電腦安裝OFFICE2007和PDF閱讀器。圖紙軟件為CAD,CAXA,PROE,UG,SolidWorks等.壓縮文件請(qǐng)下載最新的WinRAR軟件解壓。
  • 2. 本站的文檔不包含任何第三方提供的附件圖紙等,如果需要附件,請(qǐng)聯(lián)系上傳者。文件的所有權(quán)益歸上傳用戶(hù)所有。
  • 3. 本站RAR壓縮包中若帶圖紙,網(wǎng)頁(yè)內(nèi)容里面會(huì)有圖紙預(yù)覽,若沒(méi)有圖紙預(yù)覽就沒(méi)有圖紙。
  • 4. 未經(jīng)權(quán)益所有人同意不得將文件中的內(nèi)容挪作商業(yè)或盈利用途。
  • 5. 人人文庫(kù)網(wǎng)僅提供信息存儲(chǔ)空間,僅對(duì)用戶(hù)上傳內(nèi)容的表現(xiàn)方式做保護(hù)處理,對(duì)用戶(hù)上傳分享的文檔內(nèi)容本身不做任何修改或編輯,并不能對(duì)任何下載內(nèi)容負(fù)責(zé)。
  • 6. 下載文件中如有侵權(quán)或不適當(dāng)內(nèi)容,請(qǐng)與我們聯(lián)系,我們立即糾正。
  • 7. 本站不保證下載資源的準(zhǔn)確性、安全性和完整性, 同時(shí)也不承擔(dān)用戶(hù)因使用這些下載資源對(duì)自己和他人造成任何形式的傷害或損失。

評(píng)論

0/150

提交評(píng)論