高中英語 Grammar and function課件 外研必修5

1、2021/8/11 星期三1英語課件外研版 高二年級 (必修5) Module 2 2021/8/11 星期三2Grammar and function2021/8/11 星期三3Match the sentences with the names of the tenses.past simple past perfect past continuousHe survived. He was driving a lorry.He had had lots of jobs.2021/8/11 星期三4Read the sentences and discuss the questions.a.

2、 Which tense refers to actions in the past?b. Which tense refers to an action in progress when another thing happened?c. Which tense refers to something which happened before something else?2021/8/11 星期三51. Before he volunteered to direct traffic, Timoteo had had lots of jobs.2. He was driving a lor

3、ry when he came off the road.3. Somehow he survived.4. No one asked him to do the job.5. He had been a miner and a solider.cbaac2021/8/11 星期三61. 表示在過去時間里發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)，常與表示一般過去的時間狀語連用。 He lived here three years ago. 他三年前住在這里。一般過去時用法2021/8/11 星期三72. 表示在過去一段時間內(nèi), 經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動作。 When I was a child, I often pl

4、ayed football in the street. 我小的時候, 常在街上踢足球。2021/8/11 星期三83. 用在Its time/I wish/Id rather + that-clause句型中,以及某些條件。句中表示虛擬, 這些句型描述的情況往往與現(xiàn)在事實相反。 How I wish every family had a large house with a beautiful garden! 2021/8/11 星期三94. 可以根據(jù)上下文的語境要求,使用 一般過去時。 - Long time to see! Havent you graduated from colleg

5、e? - Yes. I studied English for four years in Nanjing.2021/8/11 星期三10過去進行時主要用來表示在過去延續(xù)了一段時間的動作。 They were expecting you yesterday.他們昨天一直在等你。過去進行時用法2021/8/11 星期三112. 有時不與時間狀語連用時,可以表示逐漸的發(fā)展。 It was getting darker. The wind was rising. 3. 有時可以用一個句子來表示時間狀語。 When I arrived, Tom was talking on the phone. 20

6、21/8/11 星期三121. 表示某動作或狀態(tài)在過去某時間或某動作之前已經(jīng)完成。 句中常用by引導(dǎo)的時間狀語或以before, until, when, than 等引導(dǎo)的含有一般過去時的時間狀語從句。過去完成時的用法2021/8/11 星期三13By 5:00 yesterday morning we had finished that work. 到昨天早上5點鐘時, 我們已經(jīng)做完了工作。2021/8/11 星期三142. 表示某動作或狀態(tài)在過去某時刻前已 經(jīng)開始, 持續(xù)到這一過去時間, 并可能 持續(xù)下去。 John and Jane had known each other for a

7、 long time before their marriage. 約翰和簡在結(jié)婚前就認識很長時間了。2021/8/11 星期三153. 用在if引導(dǎo)的與過去事實相反的條件句以及wish, as if引導(dǎo)的從句中。If she had worked hard, she would have succeeded. 要是她努力的話, 她就會成功了。 (事實上她沒努力,也沒成功。)2021/8/11 星期三164. 常用hardly/scarcely/barely. when.,；no sooner .than.等結(jié)構(gòu)中, 表示“剛剛就”。 Hardly had he begun to speak,

8、 the audience interrupted him. 他剛開始演講, 聽眾就打斷了他。2021/8/11 星期三175. intend, think,hope,want,mean等動詞用過去完成時, 表示過去未曾實現(xiàn)的打算或意圖。 I had meant to take a good holiday this year, but I wasnt able to get away. 我本來打算今年好好休個假, 但是我不能離開了。2021/8/11 星期三18一般過去時與過去進行時的區(qū)別 一般過去時表示過去已經(jīng)發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)，強調(diào)一種事實或結(jié)果；而過去進行時表示過去某時正在持續(xù)進行

9、的動作或尚未完成的動作，強調(diào)過程。 Mary wrote a letter to her friend last night.Mary was writing a letter to her friend last night.2021/8/11 星期三19一般過去時與過去完成時的區(qū)別 一般過去時表示動作發(fā)生在過去某時(其時間參照點是現(xiàn)在)，而過去完成時則表示動作發(fā)生在過去某時之前(其時間參照點是過去)。 They had done the work at five oclock.They did the work at five oclock.2021/8/11 星期三20 You look

10、 very tired. _at all last night? No, not really. Im tired out now. (陜西2006) A. Do you sleep B. Were you sleeping C. Did you sleep D. Had you sleptPractice2021/8/11 星期三212. John, a friend of mine, who got married only last week, spent3,000 more than he _ for the wedding. (全國2006II) A. will plan B. ha

11、s planned C. would plan D. had planned2021/8/11 星期三223. The young girl sitting next to me on the plane was very nervous. She _ before. (廣東2006) A. hasnt flown B. didnt fly C. hadnt flown D. wasnt flying2021/8/11 星期三234. My cousin went to Canada two years ago. He _ there for a few months and then wen

12、t to America. (江西2006) A. worked B. would work C. would be working D. has been working2021/8/11 星期三245. I _ along the street looking for a place to park when the accident _. (山東2006) A. went; was occurring B. went; occurred C. was going; occurred D. was going; had occurred2021/8/11 星期三256. I _ in Lo

13、ndon for many years, but Ive never regretted my final decision to move back to China. (重慶 2006) A. lived B. was living C. have lived D. had lived2021/8/11 星期三26Function英語中, 表示對過去某種情況進行推測或?qū)σ寻l(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)進行推測時, 常用情態(tài)動詞must, may (might), can(could), should (ought to), would等have過去分詞表示。依據(jù)說話人的語氣或推測的把握程度不同,

14、使用的情態(tài)動詞也不同?！扒閼B(tài)動詞have過去分詞”的用法2021/8/11 星期三271. musthave過去分詞 表示對過去發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)的肯定判斷。用于肯定的陳述句中(在否定句及疑問句中用can代替must), 意思是“一定已經(jīng)”。 e.g. If he had really been there, I must have seen him. 2021/8/11 星期三282. can (could)have過去分詞 表示對過去發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)的否定或疑問判斷。 Where can he have gone? 他可能去哪里了呢? Jim cant have been at

15、home yesterday. 吉姆昨天不可能在家。 2021/8/11 星期三293. may/mighthave過去分詞 表示對過去發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)進行的不肯定的推測, 語氣比使用can (could)弱。might的語氣比may更弱。 She may have read the book. He might not have got your letter.2021/8/11 星期三304. needhave過去分詞 常用于否定句, 表示過去做了不必做或不需要做的事情, 表示“本來不必”。You neednt have told him the news. 你沒有必要告訴他那消息。

16、2021/8/11 星期三315. should/ought tohave過去分詞 肯定式表示“過去本應(yīng)做某事(但沒做)”;否定式表示“過去不該做某事(但做了)”,含有不滿或責(zé)備之意。 Youre right. I should have thought of that. She ought to have come earlier.2021/8/11 星期三326. wouldhave過去分詞 表示過去本來要做某事卻因某種原因未做, 用來說明某種情況, 不含有責(zé)備之意。 I would have written to you earlier but I have been ill. 我本來要

17、早點給你寫信, 但我生病了。2021/8/11 星期三33If I had seen the advertisement, I would have applied for the job. 我要是看見那個廣告了, 我就申請那份工作了。2021/8/11 星期三34A: I visited China last yearB: That _ very interesting.A: Not really. I still had to look after a group of French children who were visiting China.B: That _ easy!Pract

18、iceComplete the dialogue with the correct words and phrases.must have beencant have been2021/8/11 星期三35A: No, it was a nightmare.B: They _ have got lost, or had an accident.A: Yes, but luckily there were no disasters. I managed somehow.might2021/8/11 星期三361. John _ a better job, but he was too carel

19、ess. A. should do B. must have done C. could do D. could have done2. - I dont know why he is late.- Nor do I. He _ have had an accident. A. can B. should C. might D. must 2021/8/11 星期三373. He must have seen the inspector last night, _ he? A. mustnt B. hasnt C. didnt D. doesnt4. -Mary looks sad. Did you tell her about the accident? -Yes, but I _ have told her. A. should B. shouldnt C. must D. ought to not2021/8/11 星期三385. The playground is all wet. It _ rained last night. A. had B. can have C. should have D. must have6. We _ have hurried. We had to wait twenty minutes before the mee