2022年人教版中考英語(yǔ)總復(fù)習(xí) 第一部分教材知識(shí)梳理 八年級(jí)(下)Units 5-6

1、八年級(jí)（下）Units 5-6教材詞匯分層訓(xùn)練爭(zhēng)重點(diǎn)單詞背記1. storm幾暴風(fēng)雨2.light機(jī)光;光線;光亮.area幾地域;地區(qū).window幾窗;窗戶.match九火柴.against p/?p.倚;碰;撞.kid乜開(kāi)玩笑;欺騙.realize/realise比理解;領(lǐng)會(huì);認(rèn)識(shí)到.passage九章節(jié);段落lO.pupil幾學(xué)生.date比日期;日子.tower比塔;塔樓.stone九石頭14.bit九一點(diǎn);小塊15.silly M.愚蠢的;不明事理的16.object幾物體;物品.mil幾尾巴.stick .棍;條19.fit h適合;合身20.couple .（尤指）夫妻;兩人;

2、兩件事物21.smile v.&機(jī)笑;微笑22.silk機(jī)絲綢;絲織物.nobody 加幾沒(méi)有人 幾小人物.stupid 愚蠢的.husband 幾丈夫.whole 切.全部的;整體的.ground .地;地面.voice .聲音爭(zhēng)重點(diǎn)單詞拓展1.begin u,開(kāi)始 began （過(guò)去式） begun （過(guò)去分詞） beginning 開(kāi)始;根源uddenly。血突然:忽然 sudden，力.突然的trange adj.奇特的;奇怪的stranger n.陌生人.wind幾風(fēng)t windy 力.多風(fēng)的.wood幾木:木頭一 wooden 。力.木制的.beat m敲打;打敗九跳動(dòng):節(jié)拍bea

3、t （過(guò)去式）一 beaten （過(guò)去分詞）.rise v.& .升起;增加;提高t rose （過(guò)去式）tisen （過(guò)去分詞）8.icy。力.覆蓋著冰的:冰冷的t ice .冰:冰塊pletely徹底地:完全地 conMele /完成。力.完整的;完成的lO.silence幾沉默:緘默:無(wú)聲一 silent力.沉默的:靜止的一silently沉默地:寂靜地.recently adu不久前:最近一 recenl a力.近來(lái)的. weak 靖.虛弱的;無(wú)力的- weakness n.弱點(diǎn);虛弱.hide我.隱藏:隱蔽t hid （過(guò)去式）t hidden （過(guò)去分詞）.magic呦.有魔力的;

4、有神奇力量的.魔法:魅力t magical 4力.神奇的.excite u使激動(dòng)；使興奮t exciling adi.令人興奮的一 excited adi.（某人）感到興奮的t excitement n .激動(dòng);興奮.Western西方國(guó)家的;（尤指）歐美的;西方的（W可以小寫） west ad乜向西:朝西。靖.向西的泗部 的機(jī)西;西方.marry v.結(jié)婚 married （過(guò)去式/過(guò)去分詞） marriage .婚姻.gold .金子;金幣。力.金色的t golden a力.金（黃）色的:金質(zhì)的:美好的.wife幾妻子:太太t wives （復(fù)數(shù)形式）.shine以發(fā)光:照耀一 shone

5、 （過(guò)去式/過(guò)去分詞）21.bright白力.光亮地;明亮地力.明亮的:光線充足的t brightly ad艮明亮地:鮮明地ead以帶路:領(lǐng)路t led （過(guò)去式/過(guò)去分詞）t leader九領(lǐng)導(dǎo):領(lǐng)袖23.brave。4.勇敢的;無(wú)畏的t bravely adv.勇敢地爭(zhēng)重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)積累.go off （鬧鐘）發(fā)出響聲.pick up （the phone）接電話.at first起初;起先.fall asleep進(jìn)入夢(mèng)鄉(xiāng);睡著.die down逐漸變?nèi)?逐漸消失.have a look 看一看.make one、way前往;費(fèi)力地前進(jìn)n silence沉默;無(wú)聲9.take down拆除;往下

6、拽;記錄lO.a little bit有點(diǎn)兒;稍微11.instead of 代替;反而.o 變成.once upon a time 從前.fall in love愛(ài)上;喜歡上.get married 結(jié)婚舉核心詞匯語(yǔ)境練根據(jù)首字母及漢語(yǔ)提示補(bǔ)全單詞.He could not tell whether the floor was made of stone or wood （木頭）.Those who have a strong will will never be bnalen （打敗）.Mr.Wang was so tired that he fell asleep （睡著）at his

7、desk.Betty isweak （弱的）in the science subjects.Lily tried the dress on but it didnt fil （合適）.Try to be brave （勇敢的）to face any difficulties in life.熟詞生義Might熟義:幾光;光線;光亮;燈生義:也點(diǎn)亮;點(diǎn)燃。的.少量的;輕的;輕松的;淺色的(1 )The custom of lighting the Olympic flame(奧運(yùn)圣火)goes back centuries. ( A )(2)Dandelion(蒲公英)seeds are so

8、light that when wind blows,it carries dandelion seeds to new places.(2021 河南)(C )(3)Never cross the street when the red light is on.(2020安徽)(B )A.點(diǎn)燃B.燈C.輕的.match熟義:,火柴生義:y.(使)相配;般配;匹配機(jī)比賽;競(jìng)賽;相配的人(或物);般配的人(或物)(l)And Ive been coaching a soccer team in a local primary school for the last two years.Weve

9、won most of our matches.(2021 浙江臺(tái)州)(A )(2)1m looking for a pair of shoes to match my white dress.(B )A.比賽B.匹配C.火柴.date熟義:.日期;日子生義:也注明日期;追溯到;和約會(huì).約會(huì);會(huì)晤時(shí)間(1 )This kind of building dates back to the Ming Dynasty.( A )(2)Fve got a date with Lucy tomorrow night.( B )(3)The next important date in the histo

10、ry of photography(攝影術(shù))was in 1837.(2021 黑龍江齊齊哈 爾)(C )A.追溯到B.約會(huì)C.日子4.object熟義:幾物體;物品生義:.目標(biāo)也不贊成;反對(duì)(1 )Her only object in life is to become a volleyball pl ay er. (A )(2)Many local people object to the building of the new airport.( B )A.目標(biāo)B.反對(duì)C.物體.bright熟義:adv.光亮地;明亮地。雄.明亮的;光線充足的;光明的生義:a6.聰明的(l)If you

11、want to be happy,look at the bright side.(2017安徽)(D )(2)Jean is a bright girl who always gets good grades.( B )A.明亮地B.聰明的C.光亮地D.光明的. lead熟義:也帶路;領(lǐng)路生義:也率領(lǐng);導(dǎo)致;通向.領(lǐng)先地位;榜樣;主角(1 )Good notes can lead to less stress(壓力)when test time comes around.(2021 重慶 A 卷)( A )(2)Then you are probably quiet,shy,and woul

12、d rather follow than lead.(2011安徽)(B )(3)The team recovered its lead in the second half.( C )A.導(dǎo)致B.領(lǐng)導(dǎo)C.領(lǐng)先地位D.通向名師考點(diǎn)精講重點(diǎn)詞匯考點(diǎn)Ipick up的用法【教材原句】I called at seven and you didnt pick up.我 7 點(diǎn)給你打電話 了,你沒(méi)有接。（P34） pick up為動(dòng)副短語(yǔ),有多種含義。常見(jiàn)含義如下：釋義例句拿起;提起;拾起;撿起He picked his hat up from the floor and put it on his h

13、ead.他從地上撿起帽子,把它戴 在了頭上。挑選Did you pick up the gifts for our teachers?你給我們的老師挑選禮物了嗎？（通常指開(kāi)車）接;載;取走We drove to the airport the next morning to pick up Susan.我們第二天早上開(kāi)車去機(jī) 場(chǎng)接蘇珊。（不費(fèi)力地）獲得;學(xué)會(huì)Where did you pick up your English?你在明B里學(xué)的英語(yǔ)？活學(xué)活用Sam some knowledge of the computer just by watching others working on i

14、t.A.put up B.looked upC.showed up D.picked up【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。句意:薩姆僅僅通過(guò)觀看別人的操作就學(xué)會(huì)了一些電腦知識(shí)。pickup”學(xué)會(huì)二符 合語(yǔ)境?！敬鸢浮緿 考點(diǎn) 2 辨析 beat,win,lose 和 fail【教材原句】Ben was helping his mom make dinner when the rain began to beat heavily against the windows.當(dāng)雨猛烈地敲擊著窗戶的時(shí)候，本正在幫他媽媽做晚飯。(P35)蚓L隹名麗意空跳砂其抵漁動(dòng)麗意為逆抵打敗或勝二基賓適通賞是從般隊(duì)笠。常用搭 配

15、:beat sb.at/in sth.“在某事上戰(zhàn)勝某人例如：He beat me at chess.他下棋贏了我。He beat me in the race.他在賽跑中贏了我。.泌遹為爆皿其后接的賓適二股懸裝最嶼例如：We are looking forward to winning the match tonight.我們期待今晚能贏得比賽。.lose意為“未贏;被打敗;輸?shù)?比賽、訴訟案件、辯論等)”。常用搭配:lose sth.“輸?shù)裟澄铩?lose to sb.“輸 給某人例如：We lost the basketball match yesterday.我們昨天輸了籃球比賽。We

16、 lost to Class 2 in the basketball match yesterday.我們?cè)谧蛱斓幕@球比賽中輸給了二班。4.fail意為“不及格;失敗;未能做到常用搭配:fail to do sth.“未能做成某事”;fail in sth.“在某事上失敗”。 例如：She failed to get into an art college.她未能進(jìn)入藝術(shù)學(xué)校。活學(xué)活用.You should believe in yourself.Nobody else can you.A.winB.beat C.lose D.fail【解析】考查動(dòng)詞。句意:你應(yīng)該相信你自己。沒(méi)有人能打敗你。

17、根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，此處表示“打敗”,且后接 人作賓語(yǔ)，應(yīng)用beato【答案】B.I my driving test again.-Cheer up!I believe you can make it next time.A.failed B.lostC.beat D.won【解析】考查動(dòng)詞。句意:我這次駕照考試又沒(méi)過(guò)。一振作起來(lái)!我相信你下次會(huì)通過(guò)考試的。此 處表示“（考試）不及格”,應(yīng)用faiL【答案】A考點(diǎn)3against的用法【教材原句】Ben was helping his mom make dinner when the rain began to beat heavily agains

18、t the windows.當(dāng)雨猛 烈地敲擊著窗戶的時(shí)候，本正在幫他媽媽做晚飯。（P35）against作介詞，常見(jiàn)用法如下:釋義舉例逆（與某個(gè)方向或過(guò)程相反）;反對(duì);違反swim against the river 逆流游泳 be against war反對(duì)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)碰;撞hit against a tree 撞到了一棵樹(shù)倚;緊靠（與接觸）stand against the wall 靠墻站著（在比賽或戰(zhàn)斗中） 與競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，對(duì)抗win the match/game against Class 5在與五班對(duì)抗的比賽中取得勝利拓展延伸（1）若表示“強(qiáng)烈反對(duì)”，一般與副詞strongly,heavily等詞

19、搭配。例如:They are strongly against the idea.他們強(qiáng)烈反對(duì)這個(gè)主意。（2）disagree也有“反對(duì);不同意”之意，但disagree是動(dòng)詞。例如：I disagree with you.=Im against you.我反對(duì)你的觀點(diǎn)?；顚W(xué)活用.Lets put the piano over there,the wall.A.above B.againstC.through D.aroundI:【解析】考查介詞。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，此處指將鋼琴靠墻放著，應(yīng)用介詞againsto above”在面”;through 穿過(guò);通過(guò)”;around “圍繞I:【答案】B.

20、Driving after drinking is the law.We should never do it.A.for B.on C.againstD.from【解析】考杳介詞。句意:酒后駕駛是違法的。我們絕不應(yīng)該這樣做。against the law“違法”，符合語(yǔ)境?！敬鸢浮緾考點(diǎn)4marry的用法【教材原句】The new couple were so happy that they couldnt stop smiling when they got married.這對(duì)新婚夫婦是 那么高興，以至于在結(jié)婚時(shí)止不住地笑。(P44).marry是動(dòng)詞，意為“結(jié)婚”，表示動(dòng)作，不能與表示

21、一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用。常見(jiàn)搭配:marry sb.”嫁給某人;與某人結(jié)婚”;marry sb.tosb.“把某人嫁給某人;讓某人娶某人。marry一般不與介詞with連用。例如:She married her husband two years ago.兩年前她嫁給了她丈夫。The mother married her daughter to a businessman.這個(gè)媽媽把她的女兒嫁給 位商人。.married作形容詞，意為“已婚的;結(jié)婚的。get married意為:繳配表示動(dòng)隹漫韭延續(xù)性動(dòng)遲短遹相當(dāng)于marry,不能和表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用，若要與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用，應(yīng)用延續(xù)性動(dòng)

22、詞短語(yǔ)bemarried。常見(jiàn)搭配:be/get married to sb.“與某人結(jié)婚”。例如：Are you married or single?你結(jié)婚 了還是單身？She has been married for five years.她已經(jīng)結(jié)婚 5 年了。Jane got married to a doctor last month.上個(gè)月簡(jiǎn)和一位醫(yī)生結(jié)婚了?；顚W(xué)活用同義句轉(zhuǎn)換，每空一詞(2021 黑龍江綏化)The Blacks got married thirty years ago.The Blacks have been mairied for thirty years.【解

23、析】句意:布萊克夫婦是30年前結(jié)婚的。結(jié)合轉(zhuǎn)換句中的“have”和“for thirty years”可知，此處應(yīng)用現(xiàn) 在完成時(shí)，且動(dòng)詞要用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞,marry是短暫性動(dòng)詞，其延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)是be married,故填been married?？键c(diǎn)51ead的用法【教材原句】Its leading us to that wonderful house made of bread,cake and candy.它正把我們引向那座由面包、蛋糕和糖果做成的美妙房屋。(P47)意為”領(lǐng)導(dǎo);帶領(lǐng);引向；導(dǎo)致;過(guò)生活 -lead sb. (in) doing sth領(lǐng)導(dǎo)或帶領(lǐng)某人做某事p(作動(dòng)詞卜一 l

24、ead sb. to (do)處.“使或?qū)е履橙俗瞿呈隆發(fā)ead toYI起.導(dǎo)致(某種結(jié)果)；通向(某地)”lead廠意為.帶頭;領(lǐng)先;主角“-lead alead廠意為.帶頭;領(lǐng)先;主角“（作名詞卜-take the lead“帶頭”-play the lead in the film”在影片中擔(dān)任主角“妙辨異同辨析 lead,guide 和 direct(l)lead表示“帶路;領(lǐng)路”，指走在前頭，引到目的地。例如：You lead,and well follow.你帶頭，我們跟著你。guide表示“給某人領(lǐng)路(或?qū)в螐V，強(qiáng)調(diào)一直陪在一旁，邊走邊講。例如：She guided the t

25、ourists around the city.她帶領(lǐng)游客參觀 了 這座城市。(3)direct表示“給(某人)指路”，只指出方向，不一同去。例如：Could you direct me to the railway station?你能給我指一下去火車站的路嗎？活學(xué)活用單詞拼寫I dont know the way,so youd betterlead (帶路).【解析】根據(jù)首字母及漢語(yǔ)提示可知此處填單詞lead,而had better后跟動(dòng)詞原形，故填lead。重點(diǎn)句型考點(diǎn)6So,when the rainstorm suddenly came,what were you doing?那么

26、，當(dāng)暴風(fēng)雨突然來(lái)臨的時(shí)候，你在做什么?(P34)Wh段意為“當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)候”，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀回叢旬。例如：When you called,! was taking a showe匚當(dāng)你打來(lái)電話的時(shí)候,我正在洗澡。妙辨異同辨析when和while(l)when和while都有“當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)候”的意思。但when引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞可以是延續(xù)性 的，也可以是短暫性的，可與主句動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，也可先于主句動(dòng)作發(fā)生。while在引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí), 其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞只能是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，而且常與主句的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生。例如：I was just cooking when she came into my house.當(dāng)她走

27、進(jìn)我家時(shí),我正在做飯。She came into my house while I was just cooking.當(dāng)我正在做時(shí),她走進(jìn) 了 我家。妙辨異同（2）while還有“而，卻之意，表示對(duì)比;when則沒(méi)有此意。例如：Mr.Green likes coffee while his wife likes tea.格林先生喜歡喝咖啡，而他的妻子喜歡喝茶?；顚W(xué)活用.（2021山西改編）Please dont hurt the little animals you see them on the street.They are ourfriends.A.soB.when C.unless D.though【解析】考查連詞。句意:當(dāng)你在街上看到小動(dòng)物時(shí)，請(qǐng)不要傷害它們。它們是我們的朋友。when當(dāng) 的時(shí)候”,符合語(yǔ)境?！敬鸢浮緽.（2021 河北）I love to listen to rock music I am running.A.while B.afterC.since D.until【解析】考查連詞。句意:我喜歡在跑步的時(shí)候聽(tīng)搖滾樂(lè)。while當(dāng)時(shí)”，符合語(yǔ)境。【答案】A安徽中考真題精選I .單項(xiàng)填空.（2020安徽第 26 題）一This time,we must depend on ourselves to solve