C++繼承和派生實驗報告

1、實驗報告課程名稱程序設(shè)計語言C/C+實驗項目繼承和派生一、實驗?zāi)康?、掌握繼承的概念。2、理解派生類與基類的關(guān)系。3、理解不同的繼承類型。4、掌握繼承下的構(gòu)造函數(shù)和析構(gòu)函數(shù)。5、掌握單繼承和多繼承使用方法。6、理解const常數(shù)據(jù)成員和常成員函數(shù)的使用。二、實驗內(nèi)容1.上機建立、編譯、運行并分析下面程序，并理解繼承的概念。#include#includeusingnamespacestd;classPersonprivate:charm_strName20;intm_nAge;intm_nSex;public:Person。；/構(gòu)造函數(shù)Person(char*name,intage,chars

2、ex);/構(gòu)造函數(shù)Person(constPerson&p);拷貝構(gòu)造函數(shù)Person()析構(gòu)函數(shù)coutNowdestroyingtheinstanceofPersonendl;voidSetName(char*name);voidSetAge(intage);voidsetSex(charsex);char*GetName();intGetAge();charGetSex();voidShowMe();；源程序文件person.cpp的內(nèi)容：/#includeperson.hPerson:Person():m_nAge(0),m_nSex(0)/構(gòu)造函數(shù)strcpy(m_strName,X

3、XX);Person:Person(char*name,intage,charsex):m_nAge(age),m_nSex(sex=m?0:1)/構(gòu)造函數(shù)strcpy(m_strName,name);Person:Person(constPerson&p):m_nAge(p.m_nAge),m_nSex(p.m_nSex)/拷貝構(gòu)造函數(shù)strcpy(m_strName,p.m_strName);voidPerson:SetName(char*name)strcpy(m_strName,name);voidPerson:SetAge(intage)一；voidn:setSex(charsex)

4、m_nSex=sex=m?0:1;Char*Person:一returnmstrName;:。一=iAghar)return(m_nSex=0?m:f);VoidPerson:coutGetName()tGetAge()tGetSex()t;一/#include“person.h:lassEi：”雇員類定義charm_strDept20;工作部門floatm_fSalary;/月薪public:Employee。；Employee(char*name,intage,charsex,char*dept,floatsalary)Employee(Employee&e);Employee()cout

5、NowdestroyingtheinstanceofEmployeeendl;voidSetDept(char*dept);voidSetSalary(floatsalary);char*GetDept();floatGetSalary();voidShowMe();顯示雇員信息;源程序文件employee.cpp的內(nèi)容：/#includeemployee.hEmployee:Employee():m_fSalary(0.0)strcpy(m_strDept,xxxx);Employee:Employee(char*name,intage,charsex,char*dept,floatsala

6、ry):Person(name,age,sex),m_fSalary(salary)strcpy(m_strDept,dept);Employee:Employee(Employee&e):Person(e.GetName(),e.GetAge(),e.GetSex(),m_fSalary(e.m_fSalary)strcpy(m_strDept,e.m_strDept);voidEmployee:SetDept(char*dept)strcpy(m_strDept,dept);Void(floatsalary)mfSalary=salary;Char*returnmstrDept;/Empl

7、oyees3)returnmfSalary;顓一SPcoutm_strDepttm_fSalaryendl;容/#includeemployee.htmain()Employeeemp1;emp1.ShowMe();Employeeemp2(張莉，40,f,圖書館，2000);emp2.ShowMe();cout調(diào)用基類GetName()返回值為：emp2.GetName()endlreturn0;要求：(1)給出實驗結(jié)果；(2)如果改為私有派生，會出現(xiàn)什么情況？(3)若要讓程序能正常運行，該如何調(diào)試處理？(4)為了防止類中的某些數(shù)據(jù)成員在使用過程中被修改可以采取什么措施？(掌握const常數(shù)

8、據(jù)成員和常成員函數(shù)的使用)2.上機分析下面程序，理解繼承下構(gòu)造函數(shù)和析構(gòu)函數(shù)的執(zhí)行順序。#includeusingnamespacestd;classApublic:A()coutConstructor1_Axendl;A(intm):x(m)coutConstructor2_Axendl;A()coutDestructor_Axendl;private:intx;classB:publicApublic:B()coutConstructor1_Byendl;B(intm,intn,intl):A(m),a(n),y(l)coutConstructor2_Byendl;B（）coutDestr

9、uctor_Byendl;private:Aa;inty；intmain（）Bb1,b2（5,6,7）;return0;要求：（1）給出實驗結(jié)果；（2）掌握構(gòu)造函數(shù)和析構(gòu)函數(shù)的執(zhí)行順序的方法。3、從Person類中派生一個教師類。要求新增的屬性有專業(yè)、職稱和主講課程，并為這些屬性提供相應(yīng)的方法。4、聲明一個Shape（形狀）基類，它有兩個派生類：Circle（圓）和Square（正方形）。要求：（1）根據(jù)給出的圓心坐標(biāo)和半徑計算圓的面積；（2）根據(jù)給出的正方形中點坐標(biāo)和一個頂點坐標(biāo)計算正方形的面積。提示：Shape類的數(shù)據(jù)成員包括中心點的坐標(biāo)，Circle類中新增一個數(shù)據(jù)成員，即圓的半徑，Sq

10、uare類新增一個頂點的坐標(biāo)。三、實驗步驟及結(jié)果分析.程序的類結(jié)構(gòu)圖為：Person-m_strName20:char-m_nAge:int-m_nSex：int+Person()+Person(char*name,intage,charsex)+Person(constPerson&p)+Person()+SetName(char*name)：void+SetAge(intage)：void+setSex(charsex):void+*GetName():char+GetAge():int+GetSex():char+ShowMe():voidtEmployeem_strDept20:cha

11、rm_fSalary:float+Employee()+Employee(char*name,intage,charsex,char*dept,floatsalary)+Employee(Employee&e)+Employee。+SetDept(char*dept):void+SetSalary(floatsalary):void+*GetDept():char+GetSalary():float+ShowMe():void運行結(jié)果:XXX0RXKXX0張莉40f圖書館2000調(diào)用基類GetNam巳0返回值為：張莉NowdestroyingtheinstanceofEmployeeNowde

12、stroyingtheinstanceofPersonNowdestroyingtheinstanceofEmployeeNowdestroyingtheinstanceofPersonPressanykeytocoiitiLiue修改過后的程序代碼如下：#include#includeusingnamespacestd;lassPersonprivate:charm_strName20;intm_nAge;intm_nSex;public:Person。；/構(gòu)造函數(shù)Person(char*name,intage,charsex);/構(gòu)造函數(shù)Person(constPerson&p);/拷貝構(gòu)

13、造函數(shù)Person()析構(gòu)函數(shù)coutNowdestroyingtheinstanceofPersonendl;VoidSetName,char*name);voidSetAge(intage);voidsetSex(charsex);char*GetName();intGetAge();charGetSex();一);源程序文件person.cpp的內(nèi)容：/#include“person.hi：i)：(00函數(shù)strcpy(m_strName,XXX);P小n(char*name,intage,charsex):m_nAge,age),m_nSex,sex=m?0:1)/,構(gòu)造函數(shù)strcp

14、y(m_strName,name);ieSi-(S)拷貝構(gòu)造函數(shù)strcpy(m_strName,p.m_strName);一一ar*name)strcpy(m_strName,name);VoidPerson:SetAge(intage)；age;:”,m_nSex=sex=m?0:1;Char*Person:一returnmstrName;ntP一1-Charireturn(m_nSex=0?m:f);VoidPerson:ShowMe()coutGetName()tGetAge()tGetSex()t;內(nèi)容：/#includeperson.hlassEmployee:0員類定義charm

15、_strDept20;工作部門floatm_fSalary;/月薪public:Person:SetName;Person:SetAge;Person:setSex;Person:GetName;Employee。；Employee(char*name,intage,charsex,char*dept,floatsalary)Employee(Employee&e);Employee()coutNowdestroyingtheinstanceofEmployeeendl;voidSetDept(char*dept);voidSetSalary(floatsalary);char*GetDept

16、();floatGetSalary();voidShowMe();顯示雇員信息；源程序文件employee.cpp的內(nèi)容：/#includeemployee.hEmployee:Employee():m_fSalary(0.0)strcpy(m_strDept,xxxx);Employee:Employee(char*name,intage,charsex,char*dept,floatsalary):Person(name,age,sex),m_fSalary(salary)strcpy(m_strDept,dept);Employee:Employee(Employee&e):Person

17、(e.GetName(),e.GetAge(),e.GetSex(),m_fSalary(e.m_fSalary)strcpy(m_strDept,e.m_strDept);voidEmployee:SetDept(char*dept)strcpy(m_strDept,dept);一_)m_fSalary=salary;2returnmstrDept;/Employee.etSa.yOreturnmfSalary;Void-S，；coutm_strDepttm_fSalaryendl;in.cp/#includeemployee.hntmain()Employeeemp1;emp1.ShowM

18、e();Employeeemp2(張莉，40,f,圖書館，2000);emp2.ShowMe();cout調(diào)用基類GetName()返回值為：emp2.GetName()endlreturn0;運行結(jié)果:調(diào)用基類GetNameO返回值為：張莉NowdestroyingtheinstanceofEmployeeNowdestroyingtheinstanceofPersonNowdestroyingtheinstanceofEmployeeNowdestroyingthinstanceofPersonPressanykeytocontinueinfXXX0張莉40 xxxx0圖書評2000.程序

19、的類結(jié)構(gòu)圖為:運行結(jié)果：Constructor!A-858993460Construetorl_A-85899346CConstruetorIB-858993460Construetor2_A5Construetor2_A6Construetor2_B7Destruetor_B7Destruetor_A6Destruetor_A5Destruetor_B-858993460Destruetor_A-858993460Destruetor_A-858993460Pressanykeytocontinue3.程序的類結(jié)構(gòu)圖為：Person#m_name20:char#m_age:int#m_sex

20、:char+Person()+information(char*void+Person()name,intage,charsex):Teacher#major20:char#position20:char#course20:char+m_major(char*m):void+m_position(char*p):void+m_course(char*c):void程序代碼如下：#include#includeusingnamespacestd;classPersonpublic:Person。；/構(gòu)造函數(shù)voidinformation(char*name,intage,charsex)/定義P

21、erson類的信息函數(shù)m_age=age;m_sex=sex;strcpy(m_name,name);cout姓名：m_nameendl;cout年齡：m_ageendl;cout性別：m_sexendl;Person()/析構(gòu)函數(shù)coutNowdestroyingtheinstanceendl;protected:charm_name20;intm_age;charm_sex;Person:Person()classTeacher:publicPersonpublic:voidm_major(char*m);/定義專業(yè)voidm_position(char*p);/定義職稱voidm_cou

22、rse(char*c);/定義主講課程protected:charmajor20;charposition20;charcourse20;mmajor,charm)I_cout專業(yè)：majorendl;VoidTeache一。),),cout職稱：positionendl;voidTeacher:m_course(char*c)strcpy(course,c);cout”主講課程：courseendl;intmain()TeacherA;創(chuàng)建派生類的對象cout教師的個人資料：endl;A.information(*,*,*);A.m_major(*);A.m_position(*);A.mc

23、ourse(*);retUrn0;_LOU-L-L-Lvz;)4.程序的類結(jié)構(gòu)圖為：Shape1#x_size,y_size:double+Shape1(doublex,doubley)+area():virtualdouble+perimeter():virtualdouble+print():virtualvoidzzkCircle1Square1#radius:double#i_size,j_size:double+Circle1(doublex=0.0,doubley=0.0,doubler=0.0)+set_radius(doubler=0.0):void+get_radius():

24、double+area():virtualdouble+perimeter():virtualdouble+print():virtualvoid+Square1(doublex=0.0,doubley=0.0,doublei=0.0,doublej=0.0)+set_i(doublei):void+set_j(double_j):void+get_i():void+get_j():void+area():virtualdouble+perimeter():virtualdouble+print():virtualvoid程序代碼如下：#includeusingnamespacestd;cla

25、ssShape1protected:doublex_size,y_size;public:Shape1(doublex,doubley);/構(gòu)造函數(shù)virtualdoublearea()/純虛函數(shù)，在派生類中重載return0.0;virtualdoubleperimeter。return0.0;virtualvoidprint()=0;；Shape1:Shape1(doublea,doubleb)x_size=a;y_size=b;classCircle1:publicShapelprotected:doubleradius;public:Circle1(doublex=0.0,double

26、y=0.0,doubler=0.0);/構(gòu)造函數(shù)voidset_radius(doubler=0.0);設(shè)置半徑doubleget_radius();輸出半徑virtualdoublearea();virtualdoubleperimeter。；virtualvoidprint();輸出圓心坐標(biāo)和半徑;Circle1:Circle1(doublex,doubley,doubler):Shape1(x,y),radius(r)/構(gòu)造函數(shù)voidCircle1:set_radius(doubler)radius二r;doubleCircle1:get_radius()returnradius;do

27、ubleCircle1:area()return3.14159*radius*radius;doubleCircle1:perimeter()return3.14159*radius*2;voidCircle1:print()輸出圓心坐標(biāo)coutxsize,ysize,radius;classSquare1:publicShape1protected:doublei_size,j_size;public:Square1(doublex=0.0,doubley=0.0,doublei=0.0,doublej=0.0);/構(gòu)造函數(shù)voidset_i(doublei);voidset_j(doublej);doubleget_i();voidset_i(doublei);voidset_j(doublej);doubleget_i();doubleget_j();virtualdoublearea();virtualdoubleperimeter。；virtualvoidprint();設(shè)置頂點橫坐標(biāo)設(shè)置頂點縱坐標(biāo)輸出頂點橫坐標(biāo)輸出頂點縱坐標(biāo)輸出中