高級英語第一冊市公開課金獎市賽課一等獎?wù)n件

1、Hiroshima-the Liveliest City in JapanLesson Two(Excerpt) 第1頁Objectives of TeachingTo comprehend the whole textTo lean and master the vocabulary and expressionsTo learn to paraphrase the difficult sentencesTo understand the structure of the textTo appreciate the style and rhetoric of the passage.第2頁I

2、mportant and difficult points1.The separation of the anti-Japanese psychology of the Chinese students with the authors repentance for the A-bomb cataclysm. 2. What is a narration?3. The understanding and comprehension of the contradiction between the sorrowful mentality of the author and the humorou

3、s language of the text. 4. Some useful expressions such as to be preoccupied, to be oblivious, and etc.第3頁Background InformationJapan National Name: Nippon Geography: Four main islands: Honshu (本州), Hokkaido (北海道), Kyushu (九州), and Shikoku (四國) Area: 371,857 sq.km. Population: 122,700,000 (1988). Ca

4、pital: Tokyo 第4頁 第5頁Background Information Sept.1, 1939 Hitler invaded Poland. France and Britain declared war on Gr. immediately, officially beginning World War IIJun.22, 1941 Gr. invaded USSRDec. 7, 1941Pearl Harbour Sept. 1943 Italy surrenderedMay. 7, 1945 Gr. surrendered unconditionally第6頁Backgr

5、ound InformationAug. 6, 1945the first A-bomb exploded in HiroshimaAug. 8, 1945USSR declared war on Japan and occupied ManchuriaAug. 9, 1945the dropping of the second A-bomb on NagasakiAug. 14, 1945Japan announced its surrender第7頁Background InformationAtomic Bomb: The explosion produces great amounts

6、 of heat, a shock wave and intense radiation. The region of the explosion becomes radioactively contaminated and radioactive products may be deposited elsewhere as fallout. *image-1* (原子彈爆炸圖）第8頁Background Information At 8:15 a.m. on August 6, 1945, by order of President Truman, the first Atomic bomb

7、, nicknamed Little Boy was exploded over a point near the centre of Hiroshima, destroying almost everything with a radius of 830-1,450 meters. 第9頁Background InformationThe damage beyond this area was considerable, and over 71,000 people were killed instantly. Many more later died of injuries and the

8、 effects of radiation. Casualties numbered nearly 130,000.第10頁Background InformationSurvivors are still dying of leukaemia, pernicious anaemia and other diseases induced by radiation. Almost 98% of the buildings were destroyed or severely damaged. 第11頁Background InformationThe Japanese dedicated pos

9、t-war Hiroshima to peace. A destroyed area named Peace City has been set aside as a memorial. A peace Park was built. A special hospital built here treats people suffering from exposure to radiation and conducts research into its effects. *image-1*(日本廣島原子彈紀念館）第12頁Questions for the understanding of t

10、he text 1. What is the author? What does he come to Hiroshima for?2. How did he get to Hiroshima?3. What was weighing heavily on his mind?4. Why did he call his trip to Hiroshima a far great adventure?第13頁Questions for the understanding of the text5. How did the author get to the City Hall?6. What i

11、mpression do you have about the cab driver?7. How did the author describe the city, why?8. Why did the usher heave a long almost musical sigh? What effect does this have on you?9. What is the general atmosphere of this part? 第14頁Questions for the understanding of the text10. What do you imagine the

12、mayor looked like?11. Why did he again sense the emotion that had crushed him at the station?12. Why was it difficult for him to ask why they were gathered at that specific place?13. Why did the Americans and Germans seem just as inhibited as he was?第15頁Questions for the understanding of the text14.

13、 What do you imagine the faces looked like each time the name of Hiroshima was repeated?15. Why do you think the author repeatedly reminds us of the serious appearances and the psychology of the westerners? 16. What do you think the author expected the mayor to say? 第16頁Writing Style Narration:The t

14、elling of a story. A good narration has a beginning, a middle and an end. 第17頁Writing StyleIn a narrative writing, the actions or the incidents, events are generally presented in order of their occurrence, following the natural time sequence of the happenings, It is called to be in Chronological ord

15、er.But it can also start in the middle or at some other point in the action and move backward to the earlier happenings. This is called flashback.第18頁Writing StyleThere are three basic components of a narration:a. Plot: the frame of the writing, which consists of a series of events. There are usu. o

16、ne or several climaxes, the highest point of the story, with suspensions, conflicts, to arouse the interest of the audience. After the climax is reached, the story quickly moves to a conclusion.第19頁Writing Styleb. Characters: the leading character is called the hero or protagonist.c. Background: the

17、 time and place of the storyThe plot usually dominates narration, however, some narratives focus on character or theme or atmosphere.第20頁Detailed Study of the Text1. slip: to move glidingly, smoothly, secretly or unnoticed 2. lump: a mass of sth. solid without a special size or shapea lump of lead,

18、sugarBlack coffee, 2 lumps, please!a hard swelling on the bodyShe was afraid when she felt a lump in her left breast.第21頁to have a lump in ones throat:to have a tight feeling in the throat because strong emotion, such as sorrow, pity, gratitude, or excitement, etc.All during her husbands funeral, sh

19、e had a lump in her throat.Johns mother had a lump in her throat at his college graduation.Detailed Study of the Text第22頁3.on my mind: troubling ones thoughts, causing anxiety, unhappiness. When you have sth. on your mind, you are completely preoccupied and obsessed. His failure weighs heavily on hi

20、s mind. He has got too much on his mind to worry about your problem. Detailed Study of the Text第23頁cf:in ones mind: think about, think ofI think I know whats in your mind.Her mother was always in her mind.Detailed Study of the Text第24頁4. the very act of stepping on this soil:act and action: Action r

21、efers primarily to the process of acting; act to the result, the things done. The rescue of a shipwrecked crew is a heroic action while the launching of the lifeboat, a brave act.Detailed Study of the Text第25頁on this soil: on this land, on this earth, ground (soil: an emotive word) A person in exile

22、 comes back to his motherland, he kneels down to kiss the soil.Here it suggests the emotion of the author. He thinks his country is responsible for the A-bomb destruction. He is preoccupied. He has the feeling of atoning for the crime.Detailed Study of the Text第26頁5. adventure: a journey that is str

23、ange and exciting and often dangerous, sth. you do or a situation you become involved in that is rather unusual, exciting and dangerous. The Adventures of Tom Sawyer The Adventures of Huckleberry FinnDetailed Study of the Text第27頁Detailed Study of the Text6. reportorial: of / about a reporter the ad

24、j. form of reporter7. crime: an offence which is punishable by law, an immoral act第28頁8. appear Appear, Look, and Seem can mean to be as stated in ones view or judgement, but not necessarily in fact.Seem suggests an opinion based on subjective impression rather than objective signs.He seems tired. M

25、y other visits to Beijing were twenty years ago. How would it seem after such a long time?Detailed Study of the Text第29頁Detailed Study of the TextLook implies that the opinion is based on a general visual impression.His lips looked unnatural.He looks nervous.Appear suggests a distorted impressionHis

26、 tongue could make the worse appear the better reason.He appeared not to have heard what had been said about him.第30頁9. preoccupy: to fill ones mind completely so that not enough attention is given to other present matters When he is preoccupied with his hobby, he has no idea of what is going on aro

27、und him. I was too preoccupied to hear the bell. He had a preoccupied look on his face, as if sth. was troubling him.Detailed Study of the Text第31頁preoccupation: extreme concern for sth.Reading is his main preoccupationIt seemed to me that the Japanese did not have the same extreme concern which is

28、bothering me.I was totally absorbed in the consideration of the crime, but the Japanese did not appear to be so. Detailed Study of the Text第32頁10. rub shoulders with: to meet and mix with (people)This is not the sort of club where the great rub shoulders with the humble. A person in my position rubs

29、 shoulders with all kinds of people. In our class, people of all trades (porter, carpenter, coppersmith, etc.) rubber shoulders with each other. Detailed Study of the Text第33頁11. oblivious: be unaware of, not noticing, unconscious of, lacking mindful attentionTheir government is oblivious of the rig

30、hts of the poor.I am oblivious of my former failure.I was so preoccupied with the book that I was oblivious of the surroundings.Detailed Study of the Text第34頁I was so preoccupied with the beautiful woman I met on the bus that I was oblivious of the pickpocket beside me / of what the conductress was

31、yelling when the bus came to a stop.Detailed Study of the Text第35頁Detailed Study of the Text12. bob: to move up and down quickly and repeatedly The cork on the fishing line bobbed up and down on the water.第36頁13. rite: a ceremonial act with a fixed pattern, usu. for a religious purpose, form of beha

32、viour with a fixed pattern I dont know much about the rites of that church.Secret society has their special rites.ceremonial / burial / marriage rites On Sunday we make our ritual visit to the the pub at lunchtime. (humorous usage)Detailed Study of the Text第37頁14. formula: an expression which is oft

33、en used in a particular situation, esp. one that has come to sound stupid and meaningless They exchanged the set of conventionally fixed pattern of daily greetings.Detailed Study of the Text第38頁Detailed Study of the Text15. facade: front or face of a building towards a street or open place16. grin:

34、broad smile that shows the teeth. It intends to imply naive cheerfulness.17. rear-view mirror: a mirror (as in an automobile) that gives a view of the area behind the vehicle第39頁Detailed Study of the Text18. martyr: person who is put to death or caused to suffer for his beliefs a martyr to a cause /

35、 love / duty Eternal life to the revolutionary martyrs! v.: to put to death, cause to suffer, to torture out of cruelty第40頁Detailed Study of the Text19. lurch: to move with irregular sudden movements, to move unsteadily, clumsily, with heavy rolling and swaying back and forth20. in response to: as a

36、n answer toShe opened the door in response to the knock.第41頁Detailed Study of the TextIn response to your inquiries, we regret to inform you that we cannot help you in this matter.Twice I put the request to him but he said nothing in response.第42頁Detailed Study of the Text21. twist: to wind a number

37、 of threads, etc. togetherto make a rope by twisting threadsto twist the hair to make it curlto turn, to change direction abruptlyto twist the cap of a tube of tooth pasteHe twisted my arm.Give the handle a twist, that will open the box.第43頁Detailed Study of the Text22. screech: to make a sharp, hig

38、h-pitched noise 23. halt: to stop or pause, mainly used in the phrase come to a halt24. ignorance: lack of knowledgePlease forgive our ignorance.Poverty, disease and ignorance remain major world problems.We are in complete ignorance of his plan.第44頁Detailed Study of the Textignorant: To be ignorant

39、of sth. is not to know it. He is quite ignorant of Latin.She was ignorant of his presence.第45頁Detailed Study of the Textcf: disregard, neglect & ignore:disregard: to treat as not worthy of noticeHe disregarded Tom, and spoke straight to me.We disregarded the gossip and rumours.第46頁Detailed Study of

40、the Textneglect: to give no or too little attention or care toYou are neglecting your work / duty.There is a factor which we must certainly not neglect.第47頁Detailed Study of the Textneglect: fail to do sth. because of carelessnessHe neglected to return the book to the library.Dont neglect to lock (l

41、ocking) the door when you leave.第48頁Detailed Study of the TextTo ignore sth. is to pretend not to know or see it.She saw him coming but ignored him.It is not a question that can be ignored.Of these three words, ignore is the strongest and neglect is the weakest. 第49頁25. intermezzo: short musical com

42、position to be played between the acts of a drama or an opera, or one that connects the main divisions of a large musical work such as a symphony. This word is used very lighted-heartedly here.Detailed Study of the Text第50頁26. I found myself in front of the gigantic City Hall. cf: I got to the front

43、 of. The first sentence indicates suddenness, unconsciousness. I suddenly discovered that I was in front of the City Hall.Detailed Study of the Text第51頁Detailed Study of the Textgigantic: titanic, massive, huge, a close synonym of giantgiant: in fairy tales, a very big, strong creature in the form o

44、f a man, but often unfriendly to human beings and very cruel and stupid.27. usher: official door keeper, a man who shows people to their seats on an important occasion, (or in a theatre or cinema) 第52頁Detailed Study of the Text28. heave: to give out (a sad sound), esp. in the phrase to heave a sigh

45、/ groan“ We all heaved a sigh of relief when the work was done.sigh: an act of letting out a deep breath slowly and with a soundShe nodded, sighed and went on cooking.He gave another deep sigh.第53頁Detailed Study of the Text29. sketch: to draw roughly and quickly with outlines but little detail 30. e

46、mbankment: a wide wall of stones or earth, which is built to keep a river from overflowing its banks, or to carry a road or railway over low ground第54頁Detailed Study of the Textcf: bank, shore, beach & coastWhen meaning land bordering a body or stream of water, the four words are comparable. Shore i

47、s the general word for the land immediately bordering on the sea, a lake, or a large stream. Coast denotes the land along the sea regarded especially as a boundary.第55頁Detailed Study of the Text Beach applies to the pebbly or sandy shore washed by the sea or a lakea rocky shore with here and there a

48、 cove with a beach Bank denotes the steep or sloping margin of a stream第56頁Both shore and beach may denote a resort frequented for pleasure or vacation. In this use shore may specifically indicates proximity to the sea, and beach a place adapted to the use of swimmers or sunbathers.spend the summer

49、at the shorespend a part of each day at the beach Detailed Study of the Text第57頁31. barge: a large low boat with a flat bottom, used mainly for carrying heavy goods on a canal or river32. moor: to fasten (a ship, boat) to land, to the bed of the sea, etc. by means of ropes, chains and an anchor, etc

50、.Detailed Study of the Text第58頁Detailed Study of the Text33. arresting: striking, attracting and holding attention. This word adds to striking the suggestion of capturing attentionan arresting beauty / storyarrest: to catch and fix (esp. sb.s attention)The bright lights arrest the boys attention.第59

51、頁Detailed Study of the Text34. spectacle: sth. seen, sth. taking place before the eyes, esp. sth. Fine and remarkableThe big army parade on national day is a grand spectacle.The erupting volcano is a wonderful spectacle.The opening ceremony of the exhibition was a fine spectacle.第60頁Detailed Study o

52、f the Text35. adrift: afloat without control, driven about by the sea or wind a- has the meaning of away, from, of, in, on, etc.aboard: on the board, on the boatafire: to set sth. on fireThe house was afire.afloat: on waterafoot: on foot I came afoot.第61頁Detailed Study of the Text36. beige: pale yel

53、lowish brown37. amid: (fml. and lit.) among, in the middle of38. incessant: never stopping. The word implies ceaseless or uninterrupted activity第62頁Detailed Study of the Text39. stun: to make unconscious by hitting the headThe robbers stunned the guard by banging him on the head.He was stunned by th

54、e news of his fathers death. stunning: very attractive, delightful, beautiful, making you become intoxicated第63頁Detailed Study of the Text40. costume: the clothes worn by people at a particular time in history or in a particular country a museum of costumeportraits of people dressed in 17th-century

55、costumebathing / swimming / riding costumeHe was in academic costume in this photo.第64頁Detailed Study of the Text41. tread: to walk or step, to put the foot down on (Notice: the mind is fixed on the feet.)42. cautious: having or showing great care, as if there might be some danger The thief cautious

56、ly opened the door.The troops advanced with great caution.第65頁Detailed Study of the Text43. twinge: a sudden sharp painto feel a twinge in the region of hearta twinge of toothache / conscience 44. embarrass: to feel ashamed or socially uncomfortable第66頁Detailed Study of the Text45. prospect: reasona

57、ble hope, sth. which is expected or considered probableShe was quite excited by the prospect of seeing her net friend soon.The scandal ruined his prospects.I see no prospect of his recovery.第67頁Detailed Study of the Textcf: expectation: thing that is expected The boy has great prospects / expectatio

58、n.We came here with the expectation of meeting the mayor, but I see no prospects of seeing him now since he is oblivious of us humbles.第68頁Detailed Study of the Text46. emotion: any of the strong feelings of the human spiritLove, hatred, and grief are emotions.His speech has an effect on our emotion

59、s rather than our reason.I was again overcome by the same sense of guilty as I had experienced when I first arrived at the station.第69頁Detailed Study of the Text47. bombardment: attack, onslaughtbombard: to attack with artillery, shells, or bombers48. slay (slew, slain): (lit.) to kill or murder, to

60、 kill, esp. violently, to put to death第70頁Detailed Study of the Textcf: kill: It is so general that it merely states the fact, and doesnt have many connotationsto take medicine to kill the painWhat you have said killed my hope.vegetable killed by the frostto kill timeThe president killed the project