2014年普通高等學校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試英語試題及解析(解析版)

1、 PAGE PAGE 252014年普通高等學校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試英語試題(江蘇卷)第一部分 聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分20分)做題時，先將答案標在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共 5 解析；每解析 1 分，滿分5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個解析，從題中所給的 A、B、C 三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)解析和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1. What does the woman want to do?A. Find a place. B. Buy a map. C. Get an

2、 address.2. What will the man do for the woman?A. Repair her car. B. Give her a ride. C. Pick up her aunt.3. Who might Mr. Peterson be?A. A new professor. B. A department head. C. A company director.4. What does the man think of the book?A. Quite difficult. B. Very interesting. C. Too simple.5. What

3、 are the speakers talking about?A. Weather. B. Clothes. C. News.第二節(jié)(共15解析；每解析1分，滿分15分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘，聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第 6 段材料，回答第 6、7 題。6. Why is Harry unwilling to join the woman?A. He has a pain in his knee. B.

4、He wants to watch TV. C. He is too lazy.7. What will the woman probably do next?A. Stay at home. B. Take Harry to hospital. C. Do some exercise.聽第7段材料，回答第 8、9 題。8. When will the man be home from work?A. At 5:45. B. At 6:15. C. At 6:50.9. Where will the speakers go?A. The Green House Cinema. B. The N

5、ew State Cinema. C. The UME Cinema.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.How will the speakers go to New York?A. By air. B. By taxi. C. By bus.11.Why are the speakers making the trip?A. For business. B. For shopping. C. For holiday.12.What is the probable relationship between the speakers?A. Driver and passenger. B.

6、Husband and wife. C. Fellow workers.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Where does this conversation probably take place?A. In a restaurant. B. In an office. C. In a classroom.14.What does John do now?A. Hes a trainer. B. Hes a tour guide. C. Hes a college student.15.How much can a new person earn for the first yea

7、r?A.10,500. B.12,000. C.15,000.16.How many people will the woman hire?A. Four. B. Three. C. Two.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.How long has the speaker lived in a big city?A. One year. B. Ten years. C. Eighteen years.18.What is the speakers opinion on public transport?A. Its comfortable. B. Its time-saving. C

8、. Its cheap.19.What is good about living in a small town?A. Its safer. B. Its healthier. C. Its more convenient.20.What kind of life does the speaker seem to like most?A. Busy. B. Colourful. C. Quiet.Text 1 W: Excuse me. This is the address. How do I find it?M: Right. Youll need a street map. Heres

9、one, and Ill show you where it is. Text 2 W: Oh my! My car broke down, and I have to meet my aunt at the railway station before noon. M: Youre lucky. I can drop you off on my way. Text 3 W: Did you hear that Mr. Peterson is coming next week, Gordon? M: Yes, so I called all the department heads to my

10、 office this morning. We need to give him reports on our program. Text 4 W: I hope you like the book I lent you. I wasnt sure if youd be interested. M: I had the same doubt at first. But once I started, I simply couldnt put it down. Text 5 W: What is going on? Its May, and we still have to wear warm

11、 clothes. M: Well, theres some good news on the radio. You probably can wear shorts tomorrow. Text 6 W: Harry, lets play some ping-pong today. M: Id love to play a set or two, but my right arm hurts. Ive decided to stop playing ping-pong until it feels better. W: Well, how about going skating? M: Id

12、 like to, but my knee hurts, too. W: Harry, stop making excuses! Youre just lazy. M: No, Im not! You know, theres a basketball match on TV today. Lets just stay home and watch it. W: OK. You stay, and Ill play with Helen. Text 7 W: What do you want to do tonight? M: How about going to the cinema? I

13、should be home from work at 5:45. Then we can go out and eat before we see a film. W: What do you want to see? M: Theres a good art film at the Green House Cinema. W: Lets seeit starts at 6:15. I dont think we can get there in time to see the beginning. How about the action film at the New State Cin

14、ema? It starts at 6:50. Perhaps the 7:00 one at the UME Cinema is even better. It stars Jackie Chan. M: OK, thats fine. I like him, too. Text 8 M: Hey, Lucy. Do you have some time to talk about next weeks trip with me? W: Sure, Dave. M: OK. So, were leaving on Monday from Hartsfield W: No, we dont h

15、ave to. The company car will pick us up and take us there. M: Oh, thats good. When? W: Our flight leaves at 11:00 a.m., so they should pick us up between 8:00 and 9:00 a.m. Besides, the company pays for our trip, including hotel and food. M: How much will that be? W: Well, New York is a pretty expen

16、sive city. So, each of us will get $200 a day. M: Oh, OK. Thanks for telling me that. W: Youre welcome. Text 9 W: Please sit down. Lets seeyoure Mr. Smith. Is that correct? M: Yes. John Smith. W: And youre interested in this job? M: Yes, I am. Ill graduate from college the coming June. My major is C

17、hinese. W: I see. Have you ever done any work in this field? M: Yes, I used to be a tour guide for Chinese travellers. W: Good. Now, how much money do you expect to have for a year? M: From what Ive read, it seems that a starting pay would be around $12,000 a year. W: Here, you would start at $10,50

18、0 for the first yeara kind of training period. Then you would go to $15,000. M: That sounds fair enough. What do you think are the chances for me to get a job here? W: Well, Im talking to three people today and four tomorrow. Well be hiring two people. Youll hear from us sometime next month. Good lu

19、ck! And thanks for coming in today. Text 10 M: Well, Id love to share with you my personal opinions on city life and life in small towns. I grew up in a small town until I was 18 and then moved to a big city, so I have experienced the good and bad sides of both. I never thought that I would like liv

20、ing in a big city, but I was wrong. After ten years of living in one, I cant imagine ever living in a small town again. Surely small towns and big cities both have some problems in terms of transport. In a small town, you have to own a car to make life comfortable. You cant get around without one be

21、cause there isnt any kind of public transport. Big cities generally have heavy traffic and expensive parking, but there you have a choice of taking public transport, which is cheaper than driving. So, if you dont have a car, youd better live in the city. I also love the exciting life in big cities.

22、I can always enjoy a lot of films, concerts, and other wonderful shows. However, these things are not common in small towns. The final thing I like about large cities is that you can meet different kinds of people. However, you seldom find such a variety of people in a smaller town. I think that liv

23、ing in an area where everyone was just like me would quickly become dull. Of course, safety should be considered, and thats one area where small towns are better than big cities. Still, I would rather be a bit more careful and live in a large city than to feel safe but dull. 1-5ABCB A 6-10BCAC A11-1

24、5ACBCA16-20CBCAB第二部分 英語知識運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分35分)第一節(jié) 單項填空(共15解析；每解析1分，滿分15分)請認真閱讀下面各題，從題中所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。21.Lessons can be learned to face the future, _ history cannot be changed.A. though B. as C. since D. unless 【答案】A【解析】考查狀語從句。對句子意思分析后，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)上下文不可能構(gòu)成因果關(guān)系，因為“as, since”都可以表示“原因”，故排除。上下文也不構(gòu)成條件

25、關(guān)系，而是構(gòu)成讓步關(guān)系。句意：歷史不容改寫，但卻能讓人通過這些歷史來學會如何面對未來。22.The book has helped me greatly in my daily communication , especially at work _ a good impression is a must. A. which B. when C. as D. where 【答案】D【解析】考查定語從句。先行詞為“at work”意為“工作中”表示抽象的“地點”，而不是指“正在工作(表示時間)”故不用when，而用where引導定語從句。句意：這本書對我的日常交流幫助很大，特別是必須給別人留下一

26、個好印象的工作中對我的幫助。23.How much do you know about the Youth Olympic Games to be held in Nanjing.Well, the media _ it in a variety of forms A. cover B. will cover C. have covered D. covered 【答案】C【解析】考查動詞的時態(tài)。根據(jù)下文的回答我們知道對方已經(jīng)知道這回事，所以用現(xiàn)在完成時。句意：“有關(guān)青奧會即將在南京舉行的事你了解了多少??？”“嗯，媒體已經(jīng)以各種各樣的方式報道了這件事?！?4.Tom always goes j

27、ogging in the morning and he usually does push-ups too to stay _.A. in place B. in order C. in shape D. in fashion 【答案】C【解析】考查介詞短語的辨析。in place在對的位置，適當?shù)模瑴蕚渚途w；in order為了在工作; in shape健康/健美的身材；in fashion流行的，時髦的。句意：湯姆總是在早晨慢跑，他通常還做俯臥撐來保持身材的健美。25.Top graduates from universities are _ by major companies. A.

28、 chased B. registered C. offered D. compensated 【答案】A【解析】考查動詞的辨析。chase追求，追尋；register登記，注冊；offer主動提供；compensate補償，賠償，報酬。句意：頂尖的高校畢業(yè)生受到了許多大公司的追捧(青睞)。26.What a mess ! You are always so lazy!I am not to blame, mum. I am _ you have made me. A. how B. what C. that D. who 【答案】B【解析】考查名詞性從句?！皐hat”既要引導一個表語從句，又

29、要在從句中做“made”的賓語補足語，四個選項中只有“what”具有這種雙重功能。句意：“怎么這么亂啊! 你總是那么懶惰！”“這不怪我??！都是你使我變成這個樣子的?！?7.She was put under house arrest two years ago but remained a powerful _ in last years election. A. symbol B. portrait C. identity D. statue【答案】A【解析】考查名詞的辨析。symbol象征，標志，符號，記號；portrait肖像，肖像畫；模型，標本，半身雕塑像；identity身份；sta

30、tue雕像，塑像。句意：雖然兩年前就已遭軟禁，她在去年的選舉中仍然是勢力強大的代表人物。28.The idea “happiness” _, will not sit still for easy definition. A. to be rigid B. to be sure C. to be perfect D. to be fair【答案】B【解析】考查動詞短語的辨析。to be rigid是剛性的、刻板的；to be sure當然，肯定；to be perfect完美的；公平的。句意：“幸福”的概念，當然，不是一個靜態(tài)簡單的定義。29.The lecture _, a lively q

31、uestion andanswer session followed. A. being given B. having given C. to be given D. having been given 【答案】D【解析】考查非謂語動詞。根據(jù)下文的“followed”說明“講座”已經(jīng)結(jié)束，再者“講座”是“被講的”，故用現(xiàn)在分詞完成式的被動式。句意：講座結(jié)束后，現(xiàn)場提問環(huán)節(jié)緊隨其后。30.Dad , I dont think Oliver the right sort of person for the job. I see. I will go right away and _.A. pay

32、 him back B. pay him offC. put him away D. put him off 【答案】B【解析】考查動詞短語的辨析。pay back 償還，回報；pay off付清，(付清工資后)解雇；put away收拾，儲存；put off推遲。句意：“爸爸，我認為奧利弗是不適合這份工作的那種人。”“我知道，我馬上付清工資后解雇他?！?1.It was sad to me that they, so poor themselves, _ bring me food. A. might B. would C. should D. could 【答案】C【解析】考查情態(tài)動詞。m

33、ight也許；would將；should竟然，居然(用來表示意外、驚喜或者在說話人看來是不可思議的)；could能夠。句意：他們，自己如此的貧困，竟然帶食物給我，讓我很悲傷。32.I cant meet you on Sunday. I will be _ occupied. A. also B. just C. nevertheless D. otherwise 【答案】D【解析】考查副詞的辨析。also也；just剛剛；nevertheless盡管如此；otherwise 否則，在不同方面。本句中“otherwise”意為“在不同方面”。They should have been work

34、ing, but they were otherwise engaged.他們本應(yīng)該在工作，但他們正忙別的事。句意：在星期天我不能與你見面，我要忙別的事。33.Legend has it that the origin of the Dragon Boat Festival is to _ the soul of QuYuan. A. remember B. remindC. recoverD. recall 【答案】D【解析】考查動詞的辨析。remember記得，指事物不知不覺地在腦海中的閃現(xiàn)；remind使想起，操醒；recover使恢復；recall回憶，多指有意識地回憶起已經(jīng)被忘記的事

35、情。句意：相傳端午節(jié)的起源是為了回憶屈原精神。34.Good families are much to all their members, but _ to none A .something B. anything C. everything D. nothing 【答案】C【解析】考查不定代詞的辨析。something某事物；anything任何事物；everything 切；nothing沒有什么。句意：優(yōu)秀的家庭對她的成員們來說意味著許多，但并不是每個人的全部。35._! Somebody has left the lab door open Dont look at me A. D

36、ear me B. Hi, there C. Thank goodness D. Come on 【答案】A【解析】考查情景交際。dear me哎呀(表示驚訝)；Hi, there意為“你好”的意思?？捎糜谀吧酥g，也可用于熟人間但因人太多，不宜一一叫出時就可用“hi there”；Thank goodness謝天謝地；come on加油。句意：“哎呀！有人讓實驗室的門還開著(或者有人離開實驗室沒有把門關(guān)上)?！薄安灰粗?即不是我所為)?！惫蔄正確。第二節(jié) 完形填空(共20分；每題1 分，滿分20 分) 請認真閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D 四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在

37、答題卡上將該項涂黑。Dale Carnegie rose from the unknown of a Missouri farm to international fame because he found a way to fill a universal human need.It was a need that he first 36 back in 1906 when young Dale was a junior at State Teachers College in Warrensburg. To get an 37 , he was struggling against man

38、y difficulties. His family was poor. His Dad couldnt afford the 38 at college, so Dale had to ride horseback 12 miles to attend classes. Study had to be done 39 his farm-work routines. He withdrew from many school activities 40 he didnt have the time or the 41 . He had only one good suit. He tried 4

39、2 the football team, but the coach turned him down for being too 43 . During this period Dale was slowly 44 an inferiority complex(自卑感), which his mother knew could 45 him from achieving his real potential. She 46 that Dale join the debating team, believing that 47 in speaking could give him the con

40、fidence and recognition that he needed.Dale took his mothers advice, tried desperately and after several attempts 48 made it. This proved to be a 49 point in his life. Speaking before groups did help him gain the 50 he needed. By the time Dale was a senior, he had won every top honor in 51 . Now oth

41、er students were coming to him for coaching and they, 52 , were winning contests.Out of this early struggle to 53 his feelings of inferiority, Dale came to understand that the ability to 54 an idea to an audience builds a persons confidence. And, 55 it, Dale knew he could do anything he wanted to do

42、and so could others.【語篇解讀】本篇為記敘文。人生中最重要的是要擁有自己。有了自信，我們就可以做到我們想做的任何事情。本文以大師戴爾卡耐基的成功故事告訴我們信心的重要性。36. A. admitted B. filled C. supplied D. recognized【答案】D 【解析】admitted承認；filled填充，裝滿；supplied提供；recognized認識到，認出。戴爾卡耐基從密蘇里的一個默默無聞的農(nóng)場里走出來成為一名國際大師，是因為他找到一個方法來滿足人們共同的需要。這個需要是1906年他在State Teachers College學習的時候意

43、識到的。本句是一個強調(diào)句型，強調(diào)的是recognize的賓語need。37. A. assignment B. education C. advantage D. instruction【答案】B 【解析】assignment任務(wù)，工作；education教育；advantage優(yōu)勢；instruction指導。為了得到教育，戴爾卡耐基與很多困難在做斗爭。根據(jù)下文敘述可知他為了求得教育，他克服了很多困難。38. A. training B. board C. teaching D. equipment【答案】B 【解析】training培訓；board寄宿膳食；teaching教育，教學；eq

44、uipment設(shè)備。他的父親沒有錢付他的大學寄宿膳食的錢，他不得不騎馬12英里去上學。39. A. between B. during C. over D. through【答案】A 【解析】between在(兩者/兩兩)之間；during在期間；over超過，越過；through通過；他的很多學習都是在農(nóng)場到學校途中進行的，因為他在上學的路上要花很多時間。40. A. while B. when C. because D. though【答案】C 【解析】while當時，然而，盡管；when當時；because因為；though盡管；因為他沒有時間也沒有衣服，所以他沒有參加各種學校的活動。上

45、下文之間存在著因果關(guān)系，所以使用because。41. A. permits B. interestC. talent D. clothes【答案】D 【解析】permits允許，許可證；interest興趣；talent才干；clothes服裝。因為他沒有時間也沒有衣服，所以他沒有參加各種學校的活動。ABC三項與句意不相符。42. A. on B. for C. in D. with【答案】B 【解析】try on試穿；try for申請；他申請參加足球隊，但是教練拒絕了他，說他太體重太輕了。43. A. light B. flexibleC. optimistic D. outgoing【

46、答案】A 【解析】light輕的，淡的；flexible靈活的；optimistic樂觀的；outgoing外向的。BCD三項和教練拒絕隊員沒有聯(lián)系，如果隊員過于瘦弱，不適合足球這項劇烈運動，教練的拒絕是有理由的。44. A. gaining B. achieving C. developing D. obtaining【答案】C 【解析】gaining得到；achieving實現(xiàn)；developing形成，發(fā)展；obtaining獲得。在這段時間里，卡耐基慢慢地形成了一種自卑感。通常都使用develop表示養(yǎng)成，形成一種性格。故C正確。45. A. prevent B. protect C.

47、 save D. free【答案】A 【解析】prevent阻止；protect保護；save救，挽救；free使免受；他媽媽知道這種自卑感會阻止他發(fā)展自身的潛力。本句中的prevent sb. from doing sth.阻止某人做某事，這個結(jié)構(gòu)符合上下文含義。46. A. suggested B. demandedC. required D. insisted【答案】A 【解析】suggested建議；demanded要求；required請求；insisted堅持要求，堅持認為。他的媽媽建議他參加辯論隊，認為辯論隊里的演講的練習會給與他所需要的認可和信心。根據(jù)句意說明A項正確，而且在j

48、oin前面省略了should，這是一個虛擬語氣。47. A. presence B. practice C. patience D. potential【答案】B 【解析】presence出席；practice練習；patience耐心；potential潛力。他的媽媽建議他參加辯論隊，認為辯論隊里的演講的練習會給與他所需要的認可和信心。故B正確。48. A. hopefully B. certainly C. finally D. naturally【答案】C 【解析】hopefully有希望地；certainly當然；finally最后；naturally自然地?？突杉{了媽媽的建議，多

49、次努力以后，最后終于成功了。根據(jù)after several attempts可知C項正確。49. A. key B. breaking C. basic D. turning【答案】D 【解析】key關(guān)鍵的；breaking破壞的；basic基本的；turning轉(zhuǎn)灣的，turning point轉(zhuǎn)折點。這件事情證明是他人生的轉(zhuǎn)折點。從此他走了上成功之路。50. A. progress B. experience C. competence D. confidence【答案】D 【解析】progress進步；experience經(jīng)歷，經(jīng)驗；competence能力，技能；confidence自

50、信。在很多人面前發(fā)表演講幫助他得到了他所需要的信心。之前他曾經(jīng)一度很自卑，現(xiàn)在演講讓他重新獲得自信。51. A. horse-riding B. football C. speech D. farming【答案】C 【解析】horse-riding騎馬(術(shù))；football足球；speech演講；farming農(nóng)藝。到他大四的時候，他贏得了演講方面所有的最高榮譽。有很多學生都來向他尋求指導，接著在他的指導之下，他們也相繼贏得了比賽。52. A. in return B. in brief C. in turn D. in fact【答案】C 【解析】in return作為回報；in brie

51、f簡潔地；in turn依次，輪流；in fact實際上。有很多學生都來向他尋求指導，接著在他的指導之下，他們也相繼贏得了比賽。in turn表示那些學生也相繼成功了。53. A. convey B. overcomeC. understand D. build【答案】B 【解析】convey傳達；overcome克服；understand理解；build建設(shè)，建立，建筑。在之前克服自卑的斗爭中，卡耐基逐漸理解向聽眾表達觀點能夠增強一個人的信心。54. A. express B. stress C. contribute D. repeat【答案】A 【解析】express表達；stress使

52、承受；contribute貢獻，導致；repeat重復?？突饾u理解向聽眾表達觀點能夠增強一個人的信心。故A正確。55. A. besides B. beyond C. like D. with【答案】D 【解析】with it中的it是指耐心，有了耐心，他可以做他想做的一切。第三部分：閱讀理解(共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分)請認真閱讀下列短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。ANever before had a kitchen so much of a HistoryIt tells of Freedom, Success, and

53、 of the Architecture of big American cities. Because that is where it started: in the second half of the 19th century!Welcome to a new Era of Kitchen Interior Design Back then, a Generation of successful American Entrepreneurs dreamt of a new style of Architecture to express their personal wealth. T

54、his dream was realized by young architects such as Daniel Burnham and Stanford White.They all had studied at the cole des Beaux-Arts in Paris. And they created a new style for Architecture and Interior Design, named after the famous French Art Institute: Beaux Arts.SieMatic BcauxArts Breaks and Crea

55、tesIn fact it was not a new style at all, but a composition of styles from different periods and cultures. Many world-famous structures such as the Chicago Art Institute and the Statue of Liberty account for it. But what does that have to do with your kitchen? Just as much as you want it to. Because

56、 in the same way that the anti-conventional architects back then took the freedom to combine elements from different historical eras, today, you too can break the conventional rules of style and create something new: your own personal composition of your kitchen. For that, SieMatic BeauxArts offers

57、unique opportunities: A broad range of seemingly conflicting features that you combine to a harmonious design of your own. You can choose from menu of various forms, appealing colors, and precious materials, to create an environment that is much more than just a kitchen: a reflection of your persona

58、lity.【語篇解讀】本文為說明文：廣告。文章主要介紹了廚房設(shè)計的風格、設(shè)計的由來以及顧客可以加入自己 的創(chuàng)新。56. Why did the BeauxArts style attract American entrepreneurs?A. It helped display their money status. B. It was created by famous architects.C. It was named after a famous institute. D. It represented the 19th century urban culture. 【答案】A 【解析

59、】推理判斷題。根據(jù)Back then, a Generation of successful American Entrepreneurs dreamt of a new style of Architecture to express their personal wealth可以判斷一代成功的美國企業(yè)家夢想新的風格的建造能夠表達他們個人財富，即展示他們的金錢地位。故A正確。57. What is unique of SieMatic BeauxArts?A. Its designs are anti-conventional.B. Its designs come from famous

60、structures.C. Its customers can enjoy their own composition.D. Its customers can choose from various new styles.【答案】C【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)you too can break the conventional rules of style and create something new: your own personal composition of your kitchen. For that, SieMatic BeauxArts offers unique oppor