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1、外研版20 xx高中英語(yǔ)教案 外研版20 xx高中英語(yǔ)教案1 教學(xué)目標(biāo) (一)知識(shí)技能 通過(guò)本課的學(xué)習(xí)使學(xué)生能夠在理解的基礎(chǔ)上復(fù)述課文 在閱讀中體會(huì)并初步掌握生詞、詞組、句型的用法 體會(huì)在寫本文時(shí)是如何進(jìn)行內(nèi)容安排的 (二)情感態(tài)度 了解吉尼斯紀(jì)錄的相關(guān)知識(shí)、以及勇于挑戰(zhàn)并打破 紀(jì)錄的杰出人物應(yīng)具備的品質(zhì) 鼓舞學(xué)生打破“我不行”的心理暗示讓意念統(tǒng)領(lǐng)身體走出一條完美的道路 (三)能力目標(biāo) 通過(guò)詞族和詞綴的學(xué)習(xí)讓學(xué)生掌握一種記憶單詞的方法 通過(guò)三讀法讓學(xué)生掌握速讀、跳讀、精讀的要領(lǐng) 教學(xué)重點(diǎn)難點(diǎn) (1)重點(diǎn): 1.了解記敘文的文體特點(diǎn)并以此指導(dǎo)閱讀; 2.訓(xùn)練skimming, scanning,
2、 careful reading等閱讀微技能; 3.對(duì)文章深層次的理解及細(xì)節(jié)的欣賞,認(rèn)識(shí)及分析主人公的人物特征及人物性格。 (2)難點(diǎn): 1.閱讀技能的訓(xùn)練; 2.對(duì)記敘文的鑒賞能力及人物評(píng)價(jià)。 教學(xué)過(guò)程 Leading-in (discussion) To show Ss pictures about some famous athletes to let them know something in common about these people-the key of success. Some words may be used in this activity : Sports c
3、hampion athlete winning breaking records challenge exciting confidence physical ability speed strength Something in common: concentration confidence good physical abilities speed strength flexibility athletic skills strong will interest hard training 目的及依據(jù):本環(huán)節(jié)通過(guò)看圖討論激發(fā)學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)愛(ài)好激活已有的背景知識(shí),使學(xué)生能運(yùn)用已有的知識(shí)和閱歷思
4、考本單元的中心話題。能起到溫故而知新的作用。 Pre-reading Task one to show students some pictures which occur in the text, First, lets them to know the name of the activity and the way to do it, Second, let the students experience one or more of this, such as somersaulting doing jumping jacks, Third, thinking and discussi
5、ng Would you consider each activity to be serious sports? Which activity would you like to try? Would you need to be fit to do any of them? Do you think you could do any of them for any length of time? (Indication:Different activity requires different physical fitness psychological personification s
6、uch as coordination strength balance? concentration strong will devotion) Now class we will read a story about a man called Ashrita Furman who has broken Guinness records.(過(guò)度) (讀前部分設(shè)計(jì)依據(jù)及目的:本部分根據(jù)學(xué)生的認(rèn)知規(guī)律而設(shè)計(jì),首先讓學(xué)生借助圖片了解運(yùn)動(dòng)的名稱及運(yùn)動(dòng)方式,其次,讓學(xué)生體驗(yàn)其中一項(xiàng)或幾項(xiàng)活動(dòng),體驗(yàn)后讓學(xué)生思考問(wèn)題 這種方式呦淺入深、由感性認(rèn)識(shí)到理性思考了解文章當(dāng)中提到的運(yùn)動(dòng)項(xiàng)目降低閱讀難度 ,為下一步
7、閱讀理解做好充分的準(zhǔn)備) While reading Task two Listening (scanning)(close your book 此處把快速閱讀與聽(tīng)力整合在一起正大課堂容量加快課堂節(jié)奏) (提高學(xué)生的聽(tīng)力水平培育快速獲取所需信息的能力) Task two Listen to the tape, after listening tick the topics that the author does not cover physical skills needed for events number of records broken his family life kind o
8、f records broken why he became a sportsman countries he likes best place and date of birth his occupation his education his first Guinness record (目的及依據(jù),新課程理念要求讓學(xué)生對(duì)語(yǔ)篇整體學(xué)習(xí),為此首先讓學(xué)生快速把握文章結(jié)構(gòu)要點(diǎn)讓學(xué)生從整體明白文) Task three Skim the text and answer the questions Who is Ashrita Furman? When and why he entered the
9、Guinness book of world records? When did Ashrita become a student Chinmoy? When did he first come across the Guiness book of the world records What are some of his pgysical difficulties? A walking with a bottle of milk on his head B standing on top of a Swiss ball C somersaulting D doing gymnastical
10、ly correct lunges what happens in an event that prevent Ashrita from giving up? Post reading Task five Discussion on Ashritas motivation Why did Ashrita challenge the Guinness world records instead of taking part in the Olympic games? Why does he keep on trying to challenge different Guinness record
11、s? Why didnt he take part in a conventional sports instead of un conventional and funny one? Why did Ashrita took part in active sports after learned quiet mediation? Task six discussion on Ashritas belief. work in group four or five each group may be for it or against it, choose one, and discuss wi
12、th your group, (divide the class into two parts for-part and against part, then have a class report) Task seven Summary and homework Task one Write an article about the imagination about the outlook of Ashrita Task two work in group to find more information about Ashria through internet as well as b
13、ooks about after class each group should try brief paper about ahsrita. 外研版20 xx高中英語(yǔ)教案2 教學(xué)內(nèi)容分析 本單元的中心話題是“(杰出)女性”,話題涉及談?wù)摷澳阕畛缇吹呐浴皨D女獨(dú)自南極探險(xiǎn)”,“美國(guó)電視黑人女主持人奧普拉溫茀麗的故事”等,語(yǔ)言技能和語(yǔ)言知識(shí)都圍繞中心話題而設(shè)計(jì)。本節(jié)課為此單元的第二課時(shí)閱讀課。 “讀前”(Pre-reading)設(shè)計(jì)了三個(gè)有關(guān)旅行和南北極的問(wèn)題,具體涉及極地探險(xiǎn)、動(dòng)物等內(nèi)容, 能夠誘發(fā)學(xué)生的探索精神和想象力。通過(guò)學(xué)生的討論、探究,自主地發(fā)現(xiàn)下面閱讀故事的背景,有助于學(xué)生正確理解文
14、章的深層意思,真正體會(huì)主人公Helen Thayer的偉大。 “閱讀”(Reading)材料是一篇記敘文,故事描敘的是Helen Thayer在她60歲時(shí),獨(dú)游南極洲的冒險(xiǎn)經(jīng)歷。在惡劣多變的氣候條件及險(xiǎn)惡的地理狀況中,在危急關(guān)頭,雖感孤獨(dú)恐懼,但表現(xiàn)出冷靜、頑強(qiáng)、樂(lè)觀的態(tài)度,最后克服險(xiǎn)境。對(duì)學(xué)生今后的人生道路、心理素質(zhì)、生活態(tài)度起到了陶冶和樂(lè)觀的導(dǎo)向作用。 Teaching Aims: 1 Train the studentsreading ability. 2 Learn and master the following words and phrases; 1) Words: mile A
15、ntarctic threaten optimistic somehow shelter regret extreme climate value 2) Phrases: struggle through threaten to do sth lie down be thankful for in good health struggle to ones feet make a decision Teaching Important Points: 1. Improve the students reading ability. 2. Enable the student to underst
16、and the text better. 3. Let the students have strong wills and determination by reading the passage. Teaching Difficult Points: 1. How to improve the studentsreading ability. 2. The use of some useful expressions. Teaching Methods: 1. Discussion before reading to make the students be interested in w
17、hat they learn in class. 2. Fast reading to get the general idea of the text. 3. Careful reading to answer some detailed questions. 4. Individual, pair or group work to make every student work in class. Teaching Aids: 1. a map of the world 2. a tape recorder 3. a computer Teaching Procedures: Step I
18、 Greeting and speech Greet the students as usual and the student who is on duty give a speech before class. Step II Lead-in 1 Do you like travelling ? Where do you like to travel best ? How will you travel ? 2 Imagine you are traveling alone to the South Pole, what will you take with you ? 3 Why do
19、polar bears never eat penguins ? Step III Fast reading Ask the students to read the text quickly and silently, find the answers to these three questions . 1 How did the writer celebrate her 60th birthday ? 2 When was the writer is 60th birthday ? 3 Why did she say it was an experience she would neve
20、r forget and would value for the rest of her life ? Step IV Careful-reading Ask students to read the text again carefully and finish three tasks: 1 Finish Exercise 1 of post-reading on page 32. 2 Fill in the form on the screen . Time WeatherWhat did she do?/What happened to her? began her almost 200
21、-mile journey 3rd -11th celebrated her 60th birthday 13th -21th 22th 23th 3. Do some T/F exercises on the screen. 1). She celebrated her fiftieth birthday by traveling alone to the South Pole. 2). She went to Antarctica with the dog team pulling her sled. 3). Everything went all right during the fir
22、st few days. 4). During the next week the wind grew so strong that it blew away her tent. 5). She had an accident after her birthday. 6). It was all her training that helped her out of danger Step V Listening and Consolidation Play the tape for the students and ask them to read the text after the ta
23、pe in a low voice, paying attention to the pronunciation and intonation. Step VI Discussion 1. What kind of woman is Helen Thayer ? Describe her in a few sentences. 2. Do you admire her? Why ? Step VII Reading together. If you have a goal without a plan, its only a dream. Once you set a goal, you ha
24、ve to keep going. There have been a lot of times where I was determined to just take the next step. Those who can take that next step are the successful people in the world. Helen Thayer StepVIII Homework 1. Reading the text again and again after class. 2. Finish the exercises of Grammar. Step IX Re
25、cord after Teaching 外研版20 xx高中英語(yǔ)教案3 教學(xué)準(zhǔn)備 教學(xué)目標(biāo) (1)知識(shí)目標(biāo):讓學(xué)生通過(guò)閱讀課文更多地了解我國(guó)的農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)家袁隆平的科研成果及其影響。 (2)能力目標(biāo):讓學(xué)生進(jìn)一步使用恰當(dāng)?shù)亻喿x方式與技能,如略讀(skimming),快速閱讀(fast reading),細(xì)讀(close reading)等 (3)情感目標(biāo):讓學(xué)生不但學(xué)習(xí)袁隆平的科研精神,更要學(xué)習(xí)他不計(jì)較名利,踏踏實(shí)實(shí)的生活態(tài)度。 教學(xué)重難點(diǎn) 1.閱讀課文更多地了解我國(guó)的農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)家袁隆平的科研成果及其影響。 教學(xué)過(guò)程 1. 話題的引導(dǎo)。(Pre-reading) 1).開(kāi)頭通過(guò)設(shè)計(jì)了一首熟悉的詩(shī)歌,
26、讓學(xué)生知道話題farming. 2).涉及到提高產(chǎn)量從而解決世界饑荒問(wèn)題,從而引出本節(jié)課的中心話題-偉大人物袁隆平。 2. 跟讀與閱讀 完成導(dǎo)學(xué)案練習(xí) 貫徹目的與困難策略,指導(dǎo)學(xué)生根據(jù)不同的閱讀目的,在閱讀的不同階段,靈活使用各種閱讀策略,捕捉文章主要信息,理解的寫作意圖,突破本文的教學(xué)重點(diǎn)與難點(diǎn)。采納整體語(yǔ)言教學(xué)法和任務(wù)型語(yǔ)言教學(xué)法。 1)、通過(guò)閱讀訓(xùn)練,引導(dǎo)學(xué)生如何利用略讀(skimming)的方法把握文章的大意,側(cè)重培育快速閱讀理解能力和文章中心把握能力。 2)、精讀各個(gè)段落語(yǔ)段,側(cè)重培育快速捕捉文章重要細(xì)節(jié)的能力和猜想生詞的能力,學(xué)會(huì)欣賞文章中的優(yōu)美句子。 3: 閱讀過(guò)程-淺層次閱讀。
27、(Reading I) 1). 其中關(guān)于人物的基本信息中,通過(guò)設(shè)計(jì)了一個(gè)信息表格的淺層次閱讀練習(xí),對(duì)文中人物有了初步了解。 2). 關(guān)于他的夢(mèng)想,書(shū)本上描寫得非常生動(dòng),我讓班里有藝術(shù)特長(zhǎng)的學(xué)生畫(huà)了一幅漫畫(huà),利用畫(huà)面反映課文第四段所描述的內(nèi)容,同時(shí)用第一人稱配了聲音效果。 4. 閱讀過(guò)程-深層次閱讀。(Reading II) 在處理了一些簡(jiǎn)單信息之后,閱讀人物最重要的是要讀出人物不同于其他人的成就以及值得學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)的一些可貴品質(zhì)。就這兩方面的內(nèi)容,設(shè)計(jì)了一棵樹(shù)的形象,引導(dǎo)學(xué)生去尋找袁隆平作出的成就以及他身上擁有的可貴品質(zhì)。 5.知識(shí)點(diǎn)的處理:由句子的分析帶出語(yǔ)言點(diǎn),記住句子,記住了單詞用法 課后習(xí)
28、題 一、單詞拼寫 1. _ vt. vi. 斗爭(zhēng); n.努力 2. _ adj. 感到滿意的 3. _ n.自由; 自主 4. _ vt. vi. 配備; 裝備 5. _ n. 產(chǎn)量, 輸出量 6. _vt. 輸出 n.出口 7. _vt. 搞亂, 使糊涂 8. _ n. 補(bǔ)給; vt.提供 9. _ adj. 適當(dāng)?shù)? 相配的 10. _vt. 使膨脹 vi. 進(jìn)展 二、單詞運(yùn)用 1.We had a _(努力) to stop the criminal. 2. The document will be _ (傳閱) to all members. 3. Ill type your repo
29、rt if youll baby-sit in e_. 4. Our farm _ the market with fruits and vegetables. 5. We should s_ the results of the exam briefly and report to the headmaster. 6. Sydneys population _ rapidly in the 1960s. 7. He has a _ (曬黑的) face and bright eyes. 8. The plane _ speed as it was approaching the airpor
30、t. 9. The workers there worked _ crazy, with only thirty minutes break at noon. 10. He _ (耕作) the farm with great success. Comprehending:Paraphrase these sentences. 1. At that time, hunger was a disturbing problem in many parts of the countryside 2.Using his hybrid rice, farmers are producing harves
31、ts twice as large as before. 3. Thanks to his research, the UN has more tools in the battle to rid the world of hunger. 4.He would much rahter keep time for his hobbies. Consolidation Exercise; 1._ your generous help, or I will not overcome the difficulty. A.Thanks to B. Because C. Thanks for D. Tha
32、nk to 2. It is so_ that he is always making noises. A. disturbed B. disturbing C. disturb D. disturbs 3. He missed the bus, for _ he came late for work. A. whom B. that C.where D. which 4.你必須戒除掉自己吸煙的壞毛病。 5. 滿意于學(xué)生的成績(jī),他如釋重負(fù)的笑了。 6. 他寧愿在家里看電視也不愿意打籃球。 外研版20 xx高中英語(yǔ)教案4 教學(xué)準(zhǔn)備 教學(xué)目標(biāo) 1. 通過(guò)學(xué)生分享自己的旅游經(jīng)歷,用英語(yǔ)進(jìn)行溝通與表達(dá)
33、。 2. 通過(guò)略讀與找讀,使學(xué)生獲取文章主要信息,練習(xí)閱讀技巧。 3. 通過(guò)小組討論為旅游準(zhǔn)備的物品,使學(xué)生用英語(yǔ)簡(jiǎn)單的語(yǔ)言實(shí)踐活動(dòng)。 教學(xué)重難點(diǎn) 教學(xué)重點(diǎn):利用閱讀技巧,獲取文章大意及細(xì)節(jié) 教學(xué)難點(diǎn):用英語(yǔ)溝通并進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)單實(shí)踐活動(dòng)旅游需要準(zhǔn)備的物品 教學(xué)過(guò)程 I、Warming Up: 1. Id like to share my travelling experience with you, and would you like to share your travelling experience? 2. The world has many great rivers. Have you
34、been to these rivers? 設(shè)計(jì)意圖:大部分學(xué)生都喜歡旅游,老師談?wù)勛约郝糜蔚慕?jīng)歷,詢問(wèn)學(xué)生的旅游經(jīng)歷。列舉世界上的河流圖片,讓學(xué)生來(lái)欣賞認(rèn)識(shí)美妙的河流。能有效地調(diào)動(dòng)學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)樂(lè)觀性。河流圖片的展示,學(xué)生猜想河流的名字,喚起學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)愛(ài)好以及對(duì)大自然的熱愛(ài)。 II. Pre-reading Have you been to the Mekong River? What countries does the Mekong River flow through? 設(shè)計(jì)意圖:展示沿湄公河的地圖,引起學(xué)生的愛(ài)好,讓學(xué)生觀察地圖,說(shuō)出湄公河流經(jīng)的國(guó)家,為隨后的閱讀做好了內(nèi)容和詞匯上的鋪墊
35、。 III. Reading 1. Skimming Skim the passage and find the main idea for each paragraph Para 1: Dream Para 2: A stubborn sister Para 3: Preparation 設(shè)計(jì)意圖: 略讀:學(xué)生快速瀏覽課文,尋找相關(guān)信息并搭配段落大意。點(diǎn)撥閱讀技巧:注意每段開(kāi)頭及結(jié)尾。 2. Scanning 1). Read Para 1 and find the key word for the information: Who and What Where and How Why an
36、d When 設(shè)計(jì)意圖:1.尋找who,what,where,how,why and when等關(guān)鍵信息,讓學(xué)生把握這類記敘文的閱讀要點(diǎn)。2. 根據(jù)圖表復(fù)述,練習(xí)學(xué)生語(yǔ)言整合與連貫的能力。 2). Please use at least three adjectives to describe Wang Wei according to Para2, and give your reasons. 設(shè)計(jì)意圖:研讀課文第二段,思考至少3個(gè)形容詞來(lái)描寫王薇,并利用文章說(shuō)出依據(jù),目的是讓學(xué)生研讀,并挖掘支持自己觀點(diǎn)的信息。 3). Read 3 and answer: what can they se
37、e along the Mekong River? Suppose you are a tourist guide, please introduce the Mekong River briefly to your audience. 設(shè)計(jì)意圖:先讓學(xué)生從文中找到表示地貌的地理術(shù)語(yǔ),利用形象生動(dòng)的幻燈片,為學(xué)生掃清生詞及讀音障礙,然后讓學(xué)生扮演導(dǎo)游的角色,結(jié)合示意圖向游客介紹湄公河,從而達(dá)到復(fù)述的目的。 IV. Group work Imagine that you are preparing for your own trip down the Mekong. In your groups
38、 of four: choose 5 things that you think are the most useful, and give your reasons why you choose them. 設(shè)計(jì)思路:讀后討論,學(xué)生想象去湄公河前必備的5件物品,并說(shuō)明選擇的理由。為學(xué)生準(zhǔn)備地圖,收音機(jī),毯子,水杯,救生圈,雨傘,火柴,手機(jī),照相機(jī),藥物,防曬霜等,學(xué)生小組討論,并用英語(yǔ)表達(dá)個(gè)人看法與觀點(diǎn)。 V. Summary What have we learned in this class? 設(shè)計(jì)思路:引導(dǎo)學(xué)生反思本節(jié)課主要內(nèi)容及重難點(diǎn)。 課后習(xí)題 Homework 1. Read t
39、he passage as fluently as possible after class. 2. Preview Learning about Language. 板書(shū) 板書(shū)設(shè)計(jì): Unit 3 Travel Journal Part 1 The dream and the plan careless waterfall determined entire excited view crazy stubborn risk-taking 外研版20 xx高中英語(yǔ)教案5 教學(xué)目標(biāo):學(xué)生進(jìn)一步熟悉基礎(chǔ)寫作的特征和基本要求,培育正確的寫作思路及方法,掌握常用的寫作模式和句型。消除對(duì)寫作的恐懼心理,
40、培育寫作愛(ài)好。 教學(xué)重點(diǎn):如何審題;如何進(jìn)行信息整合;上下文的承接。 教學(xué)難點(diǎn):寫作思路及方法的培育 教學(xué)方法:講練結(jié)合,精講多練,引導(dǎo)學(xué)生體會(huì)與仿照。 一、 基礎(chǔ)寫作題的特點(diǎn) 高考設(shè)置基礎(chǔ)寫作題的目的是要檢測(cè)考生最基礎(chǔ)的書(shū)面語(yǔ)言表達(dá)能力,如用詞的合理性、句子結(jié)構(gòu)的復(fù)雜度、語(yǔ)法運(yùn)用的正確性、信息內(nèi)容的完整性、句子之間的連貫性等。因此,基礎(chǔ)寫作題與往年的書(shū)面表達(dá)依然會(huì)有很多相似點(diǎn),但也會(huì)出現(xiàn)一些新的特點(diǎn)。 1.寫作題材貼近考生的學(xué)習(xí)和生活。歷年來(lái)高考作文題的題材都非常貼近考生的學(xué)習(xí)和生活,如校園活動(dòng)、校外見(jiàn)聞、交友、旅游、以及與考生有關(guān)的話題討論等??梢灶A(yù)料明年高考寫作題的題材還會(huì)在這些范圍內(nèi),
41、并為所有考生所熟悉。 2.寫作的題材主要是故事性描述和應(yīng)用文。歷年的基礎(chǔ)寫作題的題材也會(huì)與往年書(shū)面表達(dá)相似,主要有故事性描寫和應(yīng)用文寫作兩大類。命題形式可能是看圖寫故事、看圖表說(shuō)明、根據(jù)表格信息完成一封短信或一份通知這類的應(yīng)用文等。 3.內(nèi)容呈現(xiàn)的方式具有半封閉性。作文試題逐步走向開(kāi)放將是大勢(shì)所趨。但是,基礎(chǔ)寫作題還只能是半封閉的,其特點(diǎn)是寫作的內(nèi)容是被規(guī)定了的,考生必須將文章所規(guī)定的信息點(diǎn)完整、全面地表達(dá)出來(lái),但對(duì)于語(yǔ)言表達(dá)的方式、信息組織的先后秩序、需要補(bǔ)充哪些必要的信息等,考試又有一定的自主構(gòu)思空間。 4.用5句話表達(dá)。這是基礎(chǔ)寫作題與往年書(shū)面表達(dá)題最顯著的不同點(diǎn)。往年是規(guī)定字?jǐn)?shù)(100
42、詞左右),句子的數(shù)量不作規(guī)定,所以很多考生為了不犯句法錯(cuò)誤總是使用一些簡(jiǎn)單句。而歷年的基礎(chǔ)寫作只能用5句話來(lái)表達(dá)題目所給的全部信息點(diǎn),但所給的信息點(diǎn)與往年的書(shū)面表達(dá)相比并不會(huì)減少,所以,用5個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句很難完成任務(wù),必須使用復(fù)合句或并列句來(lái)綜合多個(gè)信息點(diǎn),而且還要照顧句子之間的銜接和語(yǔ)意上的連貫。從只一點(diǎn)來(lái)說(shuō),基礎(chǔ)寫作題對(duì)考試運(yùn)用語(yǔ)言能力的要求大大提高了。 二、基礎(chǔ)寫作題提出的新要求 1.信息組織能力。信息組織能力包括信息歸類、信息排列和信息表達(dá)三個(gè)環(huán)節(jié)。對(duì)于題目所提供的各種信息點(diǎn),考生首先需要依照一定的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)將信息進(jìn)行歸類,并初步計(jì)劃將哪些信息放到同一個(gè)句子中;其次是將信息進(jìn)行合理的排列,排列必須
43、依照一定的標(biāo)準(zhǔn),如時(shí)間順序、空間順序、因果關(guān)系、遞進(jìn)關(guān)系等;第三是選擇表達(dá)的秩序,確定句子之間的先后順序,這既要考慮語(yǔ)句上能否銜接,還要考慮語(yǔ)意上的連貫。在組織信息的過(guò)程中,還要對(duì)某些信息進(jìn)行必要的增刪,使文章意思連貫、語(yǔ)言暢談、邏輯嚴(yán)密。 2.運(yùn)用復(fù)雜句子的能力。在整理和歸類信息點(diǎn)之后,就需要正確地使用比較復(fù)雜的句子,綜合的表達(dá)信息。復(fù)雜句子主要有三類: 第一類是復(fù)合句或含有非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞、介詞短語(yǔ)的復(fù)雜句。復(fù)合句主要有三類:含有名詞性從句的復(fù)合句,含有狀語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句,含有定語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句。 第二類是并列句或帶有并列成分的復(fù)雜句。連接并列句或并列成分的并列連詞主要有四類:表示意義引申的并列連詞
44、,如and,both and,not onlybut also,and as well,not nor,neither nor等;表示選擇的并列連詞,如or,whether or,either or等;表示轉(zhuǎn)折或?qū)Ρ鹊牟⒘羞B詞,如but,while,whereas,only等;表示因果關(guān)系的for。此外,therefore,besides,however,nevertheless,moreover,furthermore,whats more,in addition,on the contrary,after all等連接性狀語(yǔ)也可以在句子之間起連接作用,表示分句之間的并列關(guān)系。 第三類是一些
45、特殊句型,如使用強(qiáng)調(diào)句、倒裝句、含有with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)的句子、there be開(kāi)頭的句子、以形式主語(yǔ)it 開(kāi)頭的句子等。 正確使用各種句型,不僅能夠完成題目所要求的任務(wù),還能使文章的句式變得豐富、行文更加流暢、中心和主旨更加突出。 三、基礎(chǔ)寫作題的備考策略 在基礎(chǔ)寫作的備考過(guò)程中,一方面要重視養(yǎng)成一些良好的寫作習(xí)慣,如仔細(xì)審題、巧妙構(gòu)思、常寫草稿、工整書(shū)寫、仔細(xì)核對(duì)等好習(xí)慣,另一方面在組織信息和訓(xùn)練復(fù)雜句子結(jié)構(gòu)方面要多下工夫。下面以“廣東省一般高等學(xué)校招生全國(guó)統(tǒng)一考試廣東省英語(yǔ)科考試說(shuō)明”中的樣題為例,探討如何備考基礎(chǔ)寫作題。 第一節(jié):基礎(chǔ)寫作(共1小題,滿分15分) 假設(shè)你最近參加了由某電視臺(tái)
46、舉辦的中考生英語(yǔ)演講比賽并獲獎(jiǎng),該臺(tái)準(zhǔn)備組織獲獎(jiǎng)?wù)呷ケ本﹨⒓右淮斡⒄Z(yǔ)夏令營(yíng)活動(dòng),下表是這次活動(dòng)的時(shí)間安排和活動(dòng)內(nèi)容。 【寫作內(nèi)容】 電視臺(tái)就活動(dòng)時(shí)間和活動(dòng)內(nèi)容征求你的意見(jiàn)。請(qǐng)根據(jù)以下要求用英語(yǔ)以書(shū)信形式給予答復(fù)。 1.選擇適合你的時(shí)間并說(shuō)明理由; 2.解釋你只能參加其中的兩項(xiàng)活動(dòng)(聽(tīng)英語(yǔ)講座和教外賓學(xué)中文),雖然你認(rèn)為所以的活動(dòng)都很有意義; 3.說(shuō)明你選擇的理由:聽(tīng)英語(yǔ)講座了解英美文化的信息;教外賓學(xué)中文因?yàn)?0 xx北京奧運(yùn)會(huì)讓越來(lái)越多的外賓想了解中國(guó)。 【寫作要求】 1.必須使用5個(gè)句子表達(dá)全部?jī)?nèi)容 2.信的開(kāi)頭和結(jié)尾已給出。 3.夯實(shí)基礎(chǔ),掌握基本的句子結(jié)構(gòu)及其用法。對(duì)于大多數(shù)考生來(lái)說(shuō),
47、用詞不準(zhǔn)和句子結(jié)構(gòu)錯(cuò)誤是寫作失分的“罪魁禍?zhǔn)住?。夯?shí)基礎(chǔ)、掌握基本的句子結(jié)構(gòu)及其用法是基礎(chǔ)寫作備考的主要任務(wù),完成這項(xiàng)任務(wù)可以分步驟進(jìn)行: 教學(xué)內(nèi)容與過(guò)程: Step one: Greetings and dictation Step two: 講練結(jié)合,并就學(xué)生作文較常出現(xiàn)的錯(cuò)誤進(jìn)行點(diǎn)評(píng),講評(píng)過(guò)程注意把握好學(xué)生作文中的常見(jiàn)的非智力因素方面的失分。 Step three: 就學(xué)生作文中出現(xiàn)的常見(jiàn)錯(cuò)誤進(jìn)行適當(dāng)?shù)狞c(diǎn)評(píng)。 Dear Sir or Madam, Im glad to be invited to the English summer camp. Thank you very much f
48、or arranging so many activities, such as English corner, English lectures, English films, English songs, English plays and helping foreigners learn Chinese. I am sure all the activities will do a lot of good to us students. But it is a pity that I can only take part in two of them, because I will ha
49、ve to spend some time in doing my research project. I would like to listen to the lectures, by which I will learn some about western culture, and help foreigners learn Chinese, as more and more foreigners want to know about China and the 20 xx Beijing Olympic Games. I want to see my grandparents in
50、the country right after our school finishes in mid-July, so I am going to attend the camp from August 15th to 22nd. Thank you very much. Yours truly,Li Ping 第一步:練習(xí)寫簡(jiǎn)單句,練就寫簡(jiǎn)單句基本不犯語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤的“真功”??忌仨毷炀氄莆沼⒄Z(yǔ)的五種基本句型,尤其是:“主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+(其它成分)”;“主語(yǔ)+系動(dòng)詞+表語(yǔ)”。 附五種基本句型: 1.主語(yǔ) + 連系動(dòng)詞 + 表語(yǔ),可用于這種句型的連系動(dòng)詞分成兩類:表示變化的:turn,become,g
51、et,go,stay,remain等;表示狀態(tài)的:be,seem,look,feel,taste,smell等。 2.主語(yǔ) + 不及物動(dòng)詞,注意:不及物的短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞也可用于這個(gè)句型,如 Great changes have taken place in my hometown. 另這種句型中常有狀語(yǔ),且不用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。 3.主語(yǔ) + 及物動(dòng)詞 + 賓語(yǔ),及物的短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞也可用于這種句型。但如果短語(yǔ)由“動(dòng)詞 + 副詞”構(gòu)成,作賓語(yǔ)的代詞只能置于其中,作賓語(yǔ)的名詞則既可置于其中也可置于其后;如果短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞由“動(dòng)詞 + 介詞”構(gòu)成,無(wú)論是代詞還是名詞作賓語(yǔ),一律置于其后,如:他考慮了(它)這個(gè)計(jì)劃一夜。
52、He thought it / the plan over all the night. He thought over the plan all the night. He thought about it / the plan all the night. 4. 主語(yǔ) + 及物動(dòng)詞 + 間接賓語(yǔ) + 直接賓語(yǔ),一些間接賓語(yǔ)可改成一個(gè)由to引起的短語(yǔ),表示動(dòng)作是“向誰(shuí)”做的;一些間接賓語(yǔ)可改成一個(gè)由for引起的短語(yǔ)表動(dòng)作是“為誰(shuí)”做的。 如:我給他一些錢。/ 他給我買了一本書(shū)。 I gave him some money. / I gave some money to him. He bou
53、ght me a book. / He bought a+ book for me. 5.主語(yǔ) + 及物動(dòng)詞 + 賓語(yǔ) + 賓補(bǔ),必須注意有多種形式都可以作為賓補(bǔ)的成分,如:n,adj,to do,省略to的不定式,介詞短語(yǔ)等。 如表示獨(dú)一的頭銜、職位或身份的名詞作賓補(bǔ)時(shí),不用冠詞:我們選他當(dāng)班長(zhǎng)。 We made him monitor. 第二步:練習(xí)運(yùn)用復(fù)雜句。要提高運(yùn)用復(fù)雜句的能力,考生必須要攻克三個(gè)易錯(cuò)點(diǎn):一是主句與從句之間主謂結(jié)構(gòu)混亂,造成主句缺謂語(yǔ);二是沒(méi)有掌握關(guān)聯(lián)詞的用法,錯(cuò)用、多用、漏用關(guān)聯(lián)詞;三是該使用簡(jiǎn)單句的地方人為地復(fù)雜化,如可以用分詞或介詞短語(yǔ)來(lái)表達(dá)的,卻偏要用從句。
54、此外,簡(jiǎn)單句用得太多,會(huì)造成文章讀起來(lái)乏味。在評(píng)卷員看來(lái),同樣意思的內(nèi)容,能夠運(yùn)用比較復(fù)雜的句式結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)表達(dá),當(dāng)然會(huì)認(rèn)為其運(yùn)用語(yǔ)言的能力要比只會(huì)用簡(jiǎn)單句來(lái)表達(dá)要強(qiáng),評(píng)分自然就高。 1.巧用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。運(yùn)用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,可以使文句看起來(lái)更簡(jiǎn)潔,使語(yǔ)言更加豐富多彩,重點(diǎn)更加突出,增加文采。如:I covered my ears, trying to keep the noises out, but failed. (20_年廣東卷) 2.巧用with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)?!皐ith+名詞/ 代詞+現(xiàn)在分詞/ 過(guò)去分詞/ 形容詞/ 副詞/ 介詞”結(jié)構(gòu),常作伴隨狀語(yǔ)以增加被描繪內(nèi)容的生動(dòng)性和情感性,使文章讀起來(lái)更簡(jiǎn)潔明了。試以下兩個(gè)句子: I couldnt go on studying because there was so much noise troubling me. (一般) I couldnt g
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