AIX 做網(wǎng)卡聚合綁定

1、AIX雙網(wǎng)卡聚合綁定在AIX 5L上使用綁定網(wǎng)卡(ethercha nnel)在AIX操作系統(tǒng)中，用戶可以配置多個(gè)EtherChannel (網(wǎng)卡綁定)。在AIX 5.2之前，我們要么只能選擇active/active EtherCha nnel模式，要么，只能選擇active/sta ndbyEtherChannel模式的綁定網(wǎng)卡。所以，AIX 5.2中引入了新的網(wǎng)卡后備模式，用戶可以為整 個(gè)EtherChannel指定一塊備份網(wǎng)卡，當(dāng)整個(gè)EtherChannel失效時(shí)，這塊網(wǎng)卡會(huì)自動(dòng)頂替 EtherChannel的功能。這與AIX 5.2之前的EtherChannel網(wǎng)卡備份模式有很大區(qū)別

2、，因此， 在5.2以后可以出現(xiàn)更為復(fù)雜的復(fù)合網(wǎng)卡綁定模式。一個(gè)EtherChannel中可以有2到8塊網(wǎng)卡，一個(gè)AIX操作系統(tǒng)中可以配置多個(gè)EtherChannel。但要記住每個(gè)EtherChannel都是一個(gè)新的以太網(wǎng)接口，用戶也許需要通過 no命令調(diào)整ifsize參數(shù)的值來保證以太網(wǎng)卡和EtherChannel的總數(shù)不超過ifsize, ifsize的 默認(rèn)值是&您可以使用任何AIX系統(tǒng)支持的網(wǎng)卡來組建EtherChannel。但EtherChannel的同一個(gè)通道成員網(wǎng)卡必須連接到支持EtherChannel的交換機(jī)上，備用通道可以接入到另外一個(gè)交換 機(jī)，用于主通道的失敗接管。Ether

3、Channel的所有成員網(wǎng)卡都應(yīng)該設(shè)置成同樣的速度和工 作模式，如1000兆全雙工。要用作EtherChannel成員的網(wǎng)卡不能配置IP地址，如果已經(jīng) 配置了，必須要在開始配置EtherCha nnel前刪除這些配置。在Aix5.2以后，我們看看三種典型的配置方式1、雙通道或者多通道的共同active模式，這個(gè)模式下，所有的網(wǎng)卡都處于active狀態(tài)，也 就是每個(gè)網(wǎng)卡都處于工作狀態(tài)，他們共有一個(gè)IP地址與MAC地址，但是，所有網(wǎng)卡的目 標(biāo)必須在同一個(gè)交換機(jī)上，并且交換機(jī)的對(duì)應(yīng)端口也要綁定。這樣做最大的好處就是，當(dāng)其中一個(gè)網(wǎng)卡失效，或者一根網(wǎng)線失效的時(shí)候，不影響整個(gè)網(wǎng)絡(luò) 的工作，只有當(dāng)所有的網(wǎng)卡

4、通道失效的時(shí)候，網(wǎng)絡(luò)才失效。而且，多個(gè)網(wǎng)卡的同時(shí)工作，可 以增加網(wǎng)絡(luò)帶寬，不過，要注意，默認(rèn)的分配方式是根據(jù)目標(biāo)機(jī)器的Ip來分配使用哪個(gè)網(wǎng) 卡，如果目標(biāo)機(jī)器只有一臺(tái)，不適合使用默認(rèn)設(shè)置。這種模式下，最大的問題就是所有的網(wǎng) 卡目標(biāo)必須在同一個(gè)交換機(jī)上，并且綁定在一起，不能防止目標(biāo)交換機(jī)故障。2、active/standby模式，這樣的模式下，一個(gè)網(wǎng)卡接到主交換機(jī)，一個(gè)網(wǎng)卡接到備用交換 機(jī)，當(dāng)active通道失效的時(shí)候，自動(dòng)切換到standby通道，當(dāng)主通道恢復(fù)正常的時(shí)候，再 自動(dòng)切換到主通道（這里是否切換回去，是可以配置的）。這種方式最大的好處就是可以防 止交換機(jī)的故障。3、復(fù)合式配置，在這種配

5、置中，結(jié)合以上2種方式的優(yōu)點(diǎn)。如一個(gè)3塊網(wǎng)卡的環(huán)境中，我 們可以把其中2片網(wǎng)卡配置成雙active模式，以增加網(wǎng)絡(luò)帶寬以及網(wǎng)絡(luò)的可靠性，另外一 塊網(wǎng)卡作為后備模式，接在另外一個(gè)交換機(jī)上，當(dāng)前面2個(gè)網(wǎng)卡都失效，或者前面2個(gè)網(wǎng) 卡接的交換機(jī)失效的時(shí)候，切換到后備網(wǎng)卡上。如圖：下面，我們介紹一下詳細(xì)的步驟：如果想綁定或者取消綁定，可以用smit etherchannel完成，如要綁定entl與ent2則：。#chdev -l en1 -a netaddr= -a netmask=#chdev -l en2 -a netaddr= -a netmask=#chdev -l en1 -a state=d

6、etach#chdev -l en2 -a state=detach注意：以上命令是必要的，子網(wǎng)卡先取消現(xiàn)有的IP地址，以及一定要處于detach狀態(tài)，注 意，如果通過en1或者en2連接到主機(jī)，操作以上的命令，你的網(wǎng)絡(luò)可能馬上就被中斷了, 所以，以上的操作建議通過其它網(wǎng)卡完成，或者在HMC上完成。然后，我們開始綁定#smit ethercha nnel選擇Add An EtherCha nnel / Link Aggregati on在這里選擇網(wǎng)卡EtherCha nnel / Link Aggregati on Adapters en t1,e nt2回車執(zhí)行:Comma nd: OK s

7、tdout: yes stderr: noBefore comma nd completi on, additi onal in structi ons may appear below.ent4 Available最后會(huì)提示新的網(wǎng)卡的生成，這個(gè)網(wǎng)卡就是可用的綁定過之后的網(wǎng)卡?？捎胠 sattr查看其屬 性或者是lsdev -Cc adapter看所有網(wǎng)卡屬性。#lsattr -El ent4adapter_ names en t1,e nt2EtherCha nnel Adaptersalt_addr 0 x000000000000 Alter nate EtherCha nnel Addr

8、essTrueTrueauto_recovery yes backup_adapter NONEEnable automatic recovery after failover TrueTrueTrueauto_recovery yes backup_adapter NONEhash_modedefaultmodesta ndardn etaddrnu m_retriesretry_time use_alt_addrnoDeterm ines how outgo ing adapter is chose n True EtherCha nnel mode of operati onAddres

9、s to pingTrueTimes to retry pi ng before faili ngWait time (in sec on ds) betwee n pingsTrueTruehash_modedefaultmodesta ndardn etaddrnu m_retriesretry_time use_alt_addrnoDeterm ines how outgo ing adapter is chose n True EtherCha nnel mode of operati onAddress to pingTrueTimes to retry pi ng before f

10、aili ngWait time (in sec on ds) betwee n pingsTrueTrueTrueEn able Alter nate EtherCha nnel Address Trueuse_jumbo_frame noEn able Gigabit Ether net Jumbo Frames Trueuse_jumbo_frame no這樣綁定的網(wǎng)卡是雙通路的，就是說兩個(gè)網(wǎng)卡都是處于活動(dòng)狀態(tài)，注意，這里還需要交換機(jī)這樣綁定的網(wǎng)配合才可以最終接通2塊網(wǎng)卡，網(wǎng)絡(luò)交換機(jī)的設(shè)置，可以聯(lián)系你們的系統(tǒng)管理員。我們也可以設(shè)置備用網(wǎng)卡，平常并不活動(dòng)，處于備用接管狀態(tài)，如果主通道發(fā)生問

11、題，則切 換到備用通道，這樣的話，則可以接到兩個(gè)不同的交換機(jī)上用于交換機(jī)冗余。備用網(wǎng)卡就是上面的backup_adapter,可以通過#smit chgethch或者是#smit ethercha nnel選擇Change / Show Characteristics of an EtherChannel / Link Aggregation再選擇Add Backup Adapter來完成。增加過后備網(wǎng)卡的綁定網(wǎng)卡，對(duì)比以上，將有如下的差別:#lsattr -El ent4adapter_ names en t1,e nt2EtherCha nnel AdaptersTrueTrueauto_

12、recovery yes backup_adapter ent3 hash_modedefaultmodesta ndardn etaddrnu m_retriesretry_time use_alt_addrnoEnable automatic recovery after failover TrueAdapter used whe n whole cha nnel fails TrueDeterm ines how outgo ing adapter is chose n TrueEtherCha nnel mode of operati onAddress to pingTrueTime

13、s to retry pi ng before faili ngTrueTrueauto_recovery yes backup_adapter ent3 hash_modedefaultmodesta ndardn etaddrnu m_retriesretry_time use_alt_addrnoEnable automatic recovery after failover TrueAdapter used whe n whole cha nnel fails TrueDeterm ines how outgo ing adapter is chose n TrueEtherCha n

14、nel mode of operati onAddress to pingTrueTimes to retry pi ng before faili ngWait time (in sec on ds) betwee n pingsTrueTrueTrueEn able Alter nate EtherCha nnel Address Trueuseuseumbo_frame noEn able Gigabit Ether net Jumbo Frames True至于網(wǎng)卡的工作狀態(tài)，還可以通過netstat -v來查看，如: #n etstat -v ent4ETHERNET STATIST

15、ICS (en t4):Device Type: EtherCha nnelHardware Address: 00:14:5e:b7:26:88Number of adapters: 3Active cha nn el: primary cha nnel Operati ng mode: Stan dard modeHash mode: Desti nati on IP addressETHERNET STATISTICS (en t1):Link Status : UpMedia Speed Selected: Auto n egotiati onMedia Speed Running:

16、1000 Mbps Full DuplexETHERNET STATISTICS (en t2):Link Status : UpMedia Speed Selected: Auto n egotiati onMedia Speed Running: 1000 Mbps Full DuplexBackup adapter - ent3:Link Status : UpMedia Speed Selected: Auto n egotiati onMedia Speed Running: 1000 Mbps Full Duplex如果想取消綁定，則同樣執(zhí)行#smit ethercha nnel選

17、擇Remove An EtherCha nnel / Link Aggregati on選擇你需要取消的網(wǎng)卡，如上面的en t4，回車執(zhí)行Comma nd: OK stdout: yes stderr: noBefore comma nd completi on, additi onal in structi ons may appear below.ent4 deleted如果得到以上的結(jié)果，表示綁定取消成功。成功的結(jié)果，可以通過lsdev -Cc adapter前后 對(duì)比獲得。IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII實(shí)際操作后驗(yàn)證# errpt -dHIDENTIFIER TIME

18、STAMP T C RESOURCE_NAME DESCRIPTIONF3931284 1229151609 I H en t4 ETHERNET NETWORK RECOVERY MODE8650BE3F 1229151609 I H ent68650BE3F 1229151609 I H ent6F3931284 1229151609 I H ent0AA8D7232 1229151009 I H en t6EC0BCCD4 1229151009 T H ent4F3846E13 1229150909 P H ent6EC0BCCD4 1229150909 T H ent08650BE3F

19、 1229150009 I H ent6F3931284 1229145909 I H ent0F3846E13 1229145909 P H ent6EC0BCCD4 1229145909 T H ent0AA8D7232 1229143009 I H en t6EC0BCCD4 1229143009 T H ent4F3846E13 1229143009 P H ent6EC0BCCD4 1229143009 T H ent0ETHERNET NETWORK RECOVERY MODETOTAL ETHERCHANNEL FAILUREETHERNET DOWNETHERCHANNEL F

20、AILOVERETHERNET DOWNETHERCHANNEL RECOVERYETHERNET NETWORK RECOVERY MODEETHERCHANNEL FAILOVERETHERNET DOWNTOTAL ETHERCHANNEL FAILUREETHERNET DOWNETHERCHANNEL FAILOVERETHERNET DOWN ent6是聚合端口，ent0和ent4是什么呢，查下他們的屬性# ifcon fig -aen1: flags=5e080863,c0vUP,BROADCAST,NOTRAILERS,RUNNING,SIMPLEX,MULTICAST,GRO

21、UPRT,64BIT,CHECKSUM_OFFLOAD(ACTIVE),PSEG ,L ARGESEND,CHAINinet 10.1.1.2 netmask 0 xffffff00 broadcast 10.1.1.255tcp_se ndspace 131072 tcp_recvspace 65536 rfc1323 0en6: flags=5e080863,c0vUP,BROADCAST,NOTRAILERS,RUNNING,SIMPLEX,MULTICAST,GROUPRT,64BIT,CHECKSUM_OFFLOAD(ACTIVE),PSEG ,L ARGESEND,CHAINine

22、t 192.168.168.102 netmask 0 xffffff00 broadcast 192.168.168.255inet 192.168.200.2 netmask 0 xffffff00 broadcast 192.168.200.255tcp_se ndspace 131072 tcp_recvspace 65536 rfc1323 0lo0:flags=e08084bvUP,BROADCAST ,L OOPBACK,RUNNING,SIMPLEX,MULTICAST,GROUPRT,64BITinet 127.0.0.1 netmask 0 xff000000 broadc

23、ast 127.255.255.255in et6 :1/0# Isattr -El ent6adapter_names entOEtherCha nnel AdaptersTruealt_addr 0 x000000000000 Alter nate EtherCha nnel AddressTrueauto_recovery yes backup_adapter ent4En able automatic recovery after failover TrueAdapter used whe n whole cha nnel failsTruehash_mode defaultDeter

24、mines how outgoing adapter is chosen Truemodesta ndardEtherCha nnel mode of operati onTruen etaddr0Address to pingTrueno loss_failover yesnu m_retries 3 retry_time 1 use_alt_addr no use_jumbo_frame noEn able lossless failover after ping failure TrueTimes to retry pi ng before faili ngTrueWait time (

25、in sec on ds) betwee n pingsTrueEn able Alter nate EtherCha nnel AddressTrueEn able Gigabit Ether net Jumbo FramesTrue可見entO ent6聚合端口的主口，ent4是輔口，如果entO掛了，網(wǎng)絡(luò)ip會(huì)接管到ent4上 去。用如下命令可以查看詳細(xì)信息(關(guān)鍵信息為紅字)# n etstat -v en t6ETHERNET STATISTICS (en t6):Device Type: EtherCha nnelHardware Address: 00:14:5e:c8:20:d4

26、Elapsed Time: 0 days 19 hours 17 minu tes 21 sec ondsTran smit Statistics:Receive Statistics:Packets: 573353Packets: 763977Bytes: 82887809In terrupts: 0Tra nsmit Errors: 0Bytes: 152026709In terrupts: 726784Receive Errors: 0Packets Dropped: 0Packets Dropped: 0Bad Packets: 0Max Packets on S/W Tra nsmi

27、t Queue: 16S/W Tra nsmit Queue Overflow: 0Curre nt S/W+H/W Tra nsmit Queue Len gth: 1Elapsed Time: 0 days 0 hours 0 minu tes 0 sec ondsBroadcast Packets: 470Broadcast Packets: 181229Multicast Packets: 1Multicast Packets: 0No Carrier Sense: 0CRC Errors: 0DMA Un derru n: 0DMA Overru n: 0Lost CTS Error

28、s: 0Alig nment Errors: 0Max Collisi on Errors: 0No Resource Errors: 0Late Collisi on Errors: 0Receive Collisi on Errors: 0Deferred: 0Deferred: 0Packet Too Short Errors: 0SQE Test: 0Packet TooErrors: 0Timeout Errors: 0Timeout Errors: 0Packets Discarded by Adapter: 0Sin gle Collisi on Cou nt: 0Receive

29、r Start Count: 0Multiple Collisi on Count: 0Current HW Transmit Queue Length: 1Gen eral Statistics:No mbuf Errors: 0Adapter Reset Cou nt: 2Adapter Data Rate: 2000Driver Flags: Up Broadcast RunningSimplex 64BitSupport ChecksumOffloadPrivateSegme nt LargeSe nd DataRateSetStatistics for every adapter i

30、n the EtherCha nn el:Number of adapters: 2Active cha nn el: primary cha nnelOperati ng mode: Network in terface backup modeETHERNET STATISTICS (en tO):Device Type: 2-Port 10/100/1000 Base-TX PCI-X Adapter (14108902)Hardware Address: 00:14:5e:c8:20:d4Tran smit Statistics:Receive Statistics:Packets: 5

31、72652Packets: 672530Bytes: 82820781Bytes: 135221262In terrupts: 0In terrupts: 642577Tra nsmit Errors: 0Receive Errors: 0Packets Dropped: 0Packets Dropped: 0Bad Packets: 0Max Packets on S/W Tra nsmit Queue: 13S/W Tra nsmit Queue Overflow: 0Curre nt S/W+H/W Tra nsmit Queue Len gth: 2Broadcast Packets:

32、 450Broadcast Packets: 90472Multicast Packets: 1Multicast Packets: 0No Carrier Sense: 0CRC Errors: 0DMA Un derru n: 0DMA Overru n: 0Lost CTS Errors: 0Alig nment Errors: 0Max Collisi on Errors: 0No Resource Errors: 0Late Collisi on Errors: 0Receive Collisi on Errors: 0Deferred: 0Packet Too Short Erro

33、rs: 0SQE Test: 0Packet Too Long Errors: 0Timeout Errors: 0Packets Discarded by Adapter: 0Sin gle Collisi on Cou nt: 0Multiple Collisi on Count: 0Receiver Start Cou nt: 0Current HW Transmit Queue Length: 2Gen eral Statistics:No mbuf Errors: 0Adapter Reset Cou nt: 1Adapter Data Rate: 2000Driver Flags:

34、 Up Broadcast RunningSimplex 64BitSupport ChecksumOffloadPrivateSegme nt LargeSe nd DataRateSet2-Port 10/100/1000 Base-TX PCI-X Adapter (14108902) Specific Statistics:Link Status : UpMedia Speed Selected: Auto n egotiati onMedia Speed Running: 1000 Mbps Full DuplexPCI Mode: PCI-X (100-133)PCI Bus Wi

35、dth: 64-bitLate ncy Timer: 144Cache Line Size: 128Jumbo Frames: DisabledTCP Segme ntatio n Offload: En abledTCP Segme ntatio n Offload Packets Tra nsmitted: 2434TCP Segme ntatio n Offload Packet Errors: 0Tran smit and Receive Flow Con trol Status: En abledXON Flow Con trol Packets Tra nsmitted: 0XON

36、 Flow Con trol Packets Received: 0XOFF Flow Con trol Packets Tra nsmitted: 0XOFF Flow Con trol Packets Received: 0Transmit and Receive Flow Control Threshold (High): 45056Tran smit and Receive Flow Con trol Threshold (Low): 24576Tra nsmit and Receive Storage Allocation (TX/RX): 16/48Backup adapter -

37、 ent4:ETHERNET STATISTICS (en t4):Device Type: 2-Port 10/100/1000 Base-TX PCI-X Adapter (14108902)Hardware Address: 00:14:5e:c8:20:d4Tran smit Statistics:Receive Statistics:Bytes: 67088Bytes: 16805447In terrupts: 0In terrupts: 84207Tra nsmit Errors: 0Receive Errors: 0Packets Dropped: 0Packets Droppe

38、d: 0Bad Packets: 0Max Packets on S/W Tra nsmit Queue: 3S/W Tra nsmit Queue Overflow: 0Curre nt S/W+H/W Tra nsmit Queue Len gth: 0Broadcast Packets: 20Broadcast Packets: 90757Multicast Packets: 0Multicast Packets: 0No Carrier Sense: 0CRC Errors: 0DMA Un derru n: 0DMA Overru n: 0Lost CTS Errors: 0Alig nment Errors: 0Max Collisi on Errors: 0No Resource E