大學(xué)生考研英語模擬試題一套（帶答案）

1、大學(xué)生考研英語模擬試題一套Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)The key position and role of women in the process of development is increasingly being recognized. 1 the three great World Conf

2、erences of Women were more concerned 2 recognizing and compiling approaches to 3 , we can currently confirm a general sharpening of awareness. It has become clear that the Third World Cultures, in earlier times strongly matriarchal, have been weakened 4 this respect by the methods of colonial educat

3、ion which are almost 5 directed towards the male. Of the many criticisms of this situation let one voice be heard: Development education groups and programmes are very much 6 and lack womans perspective. So, too, the hopes placed in vocational trainingvocationalizationas an aid to equality have been

4、 disappointed since this in its turn was to large extent focused on the male.In these circumstances we should not be surprised that until now women have 7 at least in the educational processes which have been introduced. Only 20% attend primary school and the 8 of those who leave early is highest 9

5、girls. Because of the lack of basic training only around 10% take part in Adult Education programmes. Hence it is vitally important to 10 a turning-point by increasing the 11 of the need 12 education.Hence even Primary Education for girls should be 13 towards the basic needs and necessities and prov

6、ide answers which are as simple as possible. In rural districts such answers will be different from those 14 in urban areas. The education of girls and women must to a large degree be an education for the life they will lead, tailored 15 a womans position. In saying this we are in fact demanding tha

7、t the education of women, like all educational work in the Third World, should be an 16 part of the community. 17 there are many partners in this process school, family, small businesses, governmental and non-governmental organizations. The educational skill 18 keeping this interplay active in such

8、a way that there is no deficiency in material content. An important consequence of this is the 19 of the desire to question, which, on the one hand, presses for further education and on the other for its 20 application.1、A. Although B. For C. Nevertheless D. BecauseA. withB. of C. uponD. overA. salv

9、age B. revolutionC. libertyD. liberationA. in B. of C. upon D. withA. specially B. distinctively C. exclusively D. respectively A. males-dominating B. female-dominating C. male-dominating D. females-dominatingA. pooled B. joined C. taken D. participatedA. percentage B. number C. fraction D. partpopu

10、lations and look for slight but significant trends do we see the generalizations. 50) There are plenty of exceptions, but theres also a grain of truth, revealed through the brain structure, that we think underlies some of the ways people characterize the sexes.Section III WritingPart A51 Directions:

11、A student wants to join the Students Union, and asks you to write a recommendation letter, of which the content should include:The reason why the student wants to join the Students UnionThe students study and work abilityYour confidence in him or her of holding the postYou should write about 100 wor

12、ds on ANSWER SHEET 2. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use Li Ming instead. You do not need to write the address. (10 points)Part B52 Directions:Write an essay of 160 200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay, you should first describe the drawing, then point out the

13、 reasons of launching the spaceships, and give your comment.You should write neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (20 points)答案：Use of English1、A解析第二句談的是盡管，我們必須成認(rèn)一個(gè)事實(shí)。連詞應(yīng)用although, 才符合題意。nevertheless然而；because, for因?yàn)椤?、A解析concerned with關(guān)心，為固定搭配。涉及到concerned的用法還有：be concerned in： 涉及的 e. g. He was concerned in t

14、he scandal. 他涉及那件丑 聞。be concerned about： 對(duì)于關(guān)切 e. g. We are all very (much) concerned about/over her health.我們都非常關(guān)切她的健康。3、D解析liberation解放(尤指人權(quán)方面)。salvage拯救，revolution革命，liberty 自由，這里強(qiáng)調(diào)婦女解放運(yùn)動(dòng)。4、A解析in the respect在某一方面，固定介詞搭配。5、C解析exclusively 排他地。specially 特別地;distinctively 有特色地；respectively 各自地。6、C解析ma

15、le-dominating男性主宰的。當(dāng)一名詞與分詞等構(gòu)成合成詞，充當(dāng)定 語或表語時(shí)，應(yīng)用其單數(shù)形式。根據(jù)原句結(jié)構(gòu)，可看出所缺詞應(yīng)充當(dāng)表語，故排 除A、D。要加強(qiáng)對(duì)一些合成詞的記憶，例如：man-made人造的 good-looking 漂亮的 good-neighbor睦鄰的hand-carry攜帶 heart-whole誠懇的，真心的7、D解析participate in = have a share, take part in 提供；參與，為固定搭配。8、A解析percentage。輟學(xué)比例最高的是在女孩之中，與highest相對(duì)應(yīng)的只有 percentage； number 用 lar

16、gest 或 greatest 來彳修飾；fraction 局部；part 局部。9、D解析among表示“在三者或三者以上的人中。另外要注意between的用 法：between通常用以表示兩者之間；但雖有三者以上，而涉及每兩者之相互 關(guān)系時(shí)仍用 between: a treaty between three powers（三強(qiáng)之間的條約）/The three children saved $100 between them.（那三個(gè)孩子共存了 100 美元）。10、A解析secure保持（一種數(shù)字/水平），這里的secure引申為保持。save節(jié)省, 保存；hit, strike打擊、撞擊

17、；都不妥當(dāng)。這里補(bǔ)充講一些與選項(xiàng)Bstrike及選 項(xiàng)有關(guān)的常用詞組：strike back 還擊 hit back （at.）（向）報(bào)復(fù)strike in突然開口 hit home中的；打中要害；觸及要處strike off砍掉（頭等）；刪除，除去 hit out痛打；猛烈打擊；猛烈攻擊 11、B解析awareness這里是指一種意識(shí)的提高；acknowledgement認(rèn)識(shí)； affirmation 贊許；agreement 認(rèn)同。12、A解析need for sth.對(duì)某物的需求，固定搭配。13、C解析direct towards向某方向轉(zhuǎn)移；target, aim也通,但形式為aim

18、at/for, target at； manipulate控制與原文不符。14、D1? those answers （which are） given in urban areas, 省略了 which are, 且整 個(gè)句子在一般時(shí)態(tài)下。15、B解析tailor to固定搭配，表示“適應(yīng)做（某事）、16、C解析integrated綜合的；synthetic人工合成的；combine結(jié)合的； comprehensive 全面的。17、B解析consequently 結(jié)果，因此；subsequently 隨后地；accordingly 相應(yīng)地; reversely 相反地。18、C解析consi

19、sts in 在于。consists of 由組成；accounts for 解釋；leads to 導(dǎo) 致。19、B解析awaken喚醒，覺醒；wake叫醒；rise上升；arise引起。20、A解析practical實(shí)際的；useful有用的；material物質(zhì)的;artificial人工的。Reading ComprehensionPart AText 121、D解析考生必須捕捉到 computers. simultaneously our world has become interlaced with. . . at the crossing of these two develo

20、pments. . . computer technology intersecting with communication technology 等關(guān)鍵信息詞，才能做出正 確的答案。22、B解析 第二段中第句(At the crossing of these two developments stands the Interneta direct result of computer technology intersecting with communication technology.)是判斷的關(guān)鍵。選項(xiàng)A、。并非基于文章所提供的信息做出的正 確判斷，而對(duì)事實(shí)做出了主觀臆測(cè)。選項(xiàng)D的

21、問題同樣在于過分概括、夸大事 實(shí)。故正確答案為B。23、B解析文章第三段中作者介紹了數(shù)字集成的定義及其賴以開展的技術(shù)支持 數(shù)字傳輸技術(shù)(digital technology)。24、C解析第三段對(duì)何謂集成下了定義：convergence is. the union of. into a single source , received on a single device , delivered by a single connection. integrating media. now required distinct channelso 從這些關(guān) 鍵的信息詞，可推斷convergence

22、意為“集中”，與integration(綜合)同義。25、D解析此題要求考生能夠理解作者陳述的重點(diǎn)。第三段開頭，作者用大段 筆墨描述全面數(shù)字集成技術(shù)為人類帶來的便利和舒適。但作者真正想要表達(dá)的意 圖是任何先進(jìn)科技成果的應(yīng)用都必須得到消費(fèi)者的認(rèn)可。為了突出強(qiáng)調(diào)這一觀點(diǎn), 作者通過使用轉(zhuǎn)折連詞but來獲得這種表達(dá)效果。因此在閱讀中，考生必須細(xì)心 捕捉這種信息詞。而選項(xiàng)中關(guān)于虛擬現(xiàn)實(shí)技術(shù)命運(yùn)、網(wǎng)絡(luò)技術(shù)推廣困難的一段， 是支持作者觀點(diǎn)的具體論據(jù)。Text 226、A解析文章第一段第二句 uwhich arose spontaneously in deaf children. n 就說明了尼加拉瓜手語是

23、失聰?shù)暮⒆觽冏园l(fā)創(chuàng)造的語言。27、B解析 第三段第句“Early users, too, did not develop a way of distinguishing left from right.語意為“早期的手語者也不能區(qū)分左右。證明某些左右的概念 是早期手語者不能表達(dá)的。28、C解析第四段最后一句說明關(guān)于到底語言在多大程度上反響大腦思維方式以及語言又在多大程度上影響思維這一問題是令人困惑的，證明人們并不明白語 言和思維之間到底是什么關(guān)系。29、D解析文章最后一句寫明“有一個(gè)主要的共同特征就是自發(fā)創(chuàng)造的手勢(shì)語 言和完全成型的語言很相像:這在語意上與D項(xiàng)的表述是一致的。30、C解析文章探

24、討了很多關(guān)于手勢(shì)語的發(fā)現(xiàn)，有些得到了證明，有些沒有得 到證明。A、D太寬泛了，而D又太窄了。Text 331、A解析文中第一段中指出，在英國沒人想管旅游保健這件事(travel medicine in Britain is a responsibility nobody wants)這同選項(xiàng)A的意義接近。B說的是政 府的職責(zé)，文中沒有提及；C(由私人醫(yī)生管理)不符合事實(shí)；D贊揚(yáng)旅游部門管 理得好，這同文章的內(nèi)容相悖。32、C解析此題問及推廣旅游保健推行過程中存在的巨大障礙。在解題時(shí)，考 生不僅需要區(qū)分與文章內(nèi)容無關(guān)或相悖的選項(xiàng)(如選項(xiàng)D),還要區(qū)別與文章內(nèi)容 相關(guān)但似是而非的選項(xiàng)。如，選項(xiàng)A、

25、B雖然也是造成目前旅游保健受人冷落 的原因之一，但是考生必須細(xì)心比擬、分析作者的語氣和內(nèi)容的主次。在文章第 一段中作者用至U partly. . . But travel medicine. . . more serious obstacle to overcome等副詞、轉(zhuǎn)折連詞、形容詞來突出重點(diǎn)，強(qiáng)調(diào)主次。33、B解析此題問旅游公司從事旅游保健的主要目的是什么。根據(jù)第三段第二 句(while travel concerns are happy to sell profitable injections.)可矢口他們主要是 為了賺錢。34、D解析第二段末尾Behren的幾句話告訴我們，對(duì)由誰

26、來負(fù)責(zé)旅游保健業(yè)務(wù), 目前還存在分歧。(The NHS consultant finds it difficult to define travelers health, n says Ron Behrens. “Should it come within the NHS or should it be paid for? Its a grey are- a, and opinion is split. No one seems to have any responsibility for defining its role, he says.)因此A、B、C都不確切，只有D是正確的。35、B

27、解析根據(jù)第三、四段，可知之所以人們對(duì)旅游保健存在看法，是因?yàn)槿?乏確鑿的事實(shí)和數(shù)據(jù)，以便提供準(zhǔn)確周到的服務(wù)。結(jié)果，旅游部門所給的建議不 準(zhǔn)確，游客本應(yīng)打針預(yù)防痢疾，卻吃了防治霍亂的藥。因此，要改變?nèi)藗冃哪恐?的旅游保健形象，首先要保證所給建議的準(zhǔn)確性。故此，B是正確答案。Text 436、B解析第二段第一句提到，今天占統(tǒng)治地位的看法是，與引力定律在太空 中不起作用不一樣，經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)定律在電腦空間中畢竟還沒有被廢除。這句話在本段 下文進(jìn)行了具體說明。37、D解析實(shí)際上，無論第三段中電視的例子，還是第四、五段中雜志的例子， 都用以說明第二段最后兩句話提到的觀點(diǎn)。這兩句話指出，同時(shí): 讓我們來看看 這種

28、看法：除英特網(wǎng)以外，所有其他媒體都是消費(fèi)者付費(fèi)買內(nèi)容。而實(shí)際情況不 是這樣。38、B解析第五段提到，如果多數(shù)大雜志社知道（或向廣告商證明）你讀雜志的話, 將會(huì)很高興將雜志贈(zèng)送給你。做廣告的人認(rèn)為一一這樣看也有道理，花錢買雜志 的人比不花錢的人更可能讀雜志，因此更可能讀他們的廣告。所以雜志社才賣雜 志，雖然你付的錢不夠雜志本錢。39、B解析參閱第38題題解。40、A解析最后一段提出，這種瘋狂的邏輯（指上一段提到的內(nèi)容）不適用于英特 網(wǎng)，在網(wǎng)上，廣告人付錢做的廣告肯定會(huì)出現(xiàn)在人們面前，他們甚至還可以確切 地知道有多少人點(diǎn)擊過他們的廣告。對(duì)這種優(yōu)勢(shì)，廣告人目前還沒有充分的認(rèn)識(shí)， 但是,無論他們能否認(rèn)

29、識(shí)到，在網(wǎng)上根本沒必要為證明你愿意不愿意而讓你付費(fèi)。 所以，對(duì)因特網(wǎng)來說，第一個(gè)偉大的慣行原那么也許應(yīng)該倒過來說：信息一直是免 費(fèi)的（比擬文章第一句），想奴役信息的正是英特網(wǎng)。這里enslave當(dāng)然是針對(duì)free 來講，是作者使用的一個(gè)比喻。free有“自由的”和“免費(fèi)的”兩個(gè)意思，相應(yīng) 地，enslave也應(yīng)理解為具有“奴役”和“使付款”兩個(gè)意思。Part B解析從空白后的文字“he doesnt mince words”（用不著說話婉轉(zhuǎn)）可以看 出,選項(xiàng)舊“Be Direct”（直接了當(dāng)）恰合題意，其他選項(xiàng)都不對(duì)。解析本段的關(guān)鍵詞是“defensive”（托辭回避），選項(xiàng)A和它是同一個(gè)意思

30、， 因此只要考生掌握了 “defensive”的詞義，就很容易了。解析本段中的 u celebration breeds complacencyv 及 u celebrate for a nanosecond, then move on.”已經(jīng)暗示了 43題的答案。而在6個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，D 項(xiàng)中的No victory Laps（勝缺乏喜）剛好與之對(duì)應(yīng)，應(yīng)選D。解析此題相對(duì)來說有一定的難度，考生可以先跳過此題先做45題，然后 再做此題。通過排除法可知選項(xiàng)舊顯然不對(duì)，應(yīng)選C。解析本段花了大量的篇幅論述了兩個(gè)目標(biāo)（利潤目標(biāo)和增長目標(biāo)）的達(dá)標(biāo) 情況，可見只有選項(xiàng)舊是正確答案，應(yīng)選舊。Part C46、約翰霍

31、普金斯大學(xué)的科學(xué)家已發(fā)現(xiàn)在大腦中與估算時(shí)間、判斷速度、 想像三維的事物以及解答數(shù)學(xué)題等能力有關(guān)的部位，男女之間存在著“驚人的” 差異。解析這是一個(gè)簡單句，句子框架是主謂賓結(jié)構(gòu)，即：Scientists. . . have discovered. differences between. 句中 Johns Hopkins 是美國的著名高校約 翰霍普金斯大學(xué),striking是“驚人的、顯著的”意思,Visualize是指“想像、 形象化，three-dimensionally 是“三維地”。47、研究人員指出，這種差異可能會(huì)形成眾所周知的男女有別的現(xiàn)象，例如， 事實(shí)上建筑師、數(shù)學(xué)家和賽車手中男性

32、就多于女性。解析這是一個(gè)簡單復(fù)合句，句子框架是The differences . . . , may underlie. trends. o句中賓語trends后that引導(dǎo)了一個(gè)定語從句，而在定 語從句中又包含一個(gè)由that引導(dǎo)的同位語從句解釋the facto句中underlie的本 義是“在之下，成為的基礎(chǔ)”，在這里可以靈活處理譯成“形成、開展 成“。trend是“傾向、趨勢(shì)”的意思?？梢宰g為“現(xiàn)象48、領(lǐng)導(dǎo)這項(xiàng)研究的精神病學(xué)家、醫(yī)學(xué)博士戈弗雷皮爾遜說，研究說明， 女性的右下頂葉略微大一些，盡管女性大腦兩側(cè)的這種差異沒有男性的那么明顯。解析這是一個(gè)含有強(qiáng)調(diào)句式的主從復(fù)合句。句子框架是it

33、s the right IPL thats somewhat larger. o 句中 though 弓【導(dǎo)了個(gè)狀語從句,ffn says psychiatrist Godfrey Pearlson, M. D.是插入語局部，其后的who引導(dǎo)了一個(gè)非限定性定語 從句修飾 Godfrey Pearlsono49、下頂葉使大腦能夠處理從諸如視覺和觸覺等感官傳來的信息，并使涉及 有選擇性集中注意和知覺之類的思維活動(dòng)得以進(jìn)行。解析這是一個(gè)并列句，句架是 hallows. to process., and enables. o 在第二個(gè)分句中involved是過去分詞做后置定語,修飾其前面的動(dòng)名詞thi

34、nking。It指代上文中提到的下頂葉，在我們翻譯時(shí)應(yīng)該譯出來。50、當(dāng)然有很多例外，但從大腦結(jié)構(gòu)中揭露出不少的事實(shí)，這事實(shí)我們認(rèn)為 構(gòu)成了人們?cè)谛詣e方面的某些特征。解析這是一個(gè)并列的there be句型，句架是There are., but theres also. o在這個(gè)句型中又包含了被插入成分revealed through the brain structure 分割開了的一個(gè)由that引導(dǎo)的定語從句，用以修飾前面的truth。Section III WritingPart ADear Sir,I am Li Ming, a student entrusted by the Stud

35、ents Union to be responsible for selecting candidates for members to work in the Union.After several weeks investigations and surveys I find that a student of mine, whose name is Gao Jin, is a suitable candidate for the post. The reason for me to recommend her is that she is eager to join the Studen

36、ts Union since she believes that it is an organization that works for the welfare of all the students,.Gao Jin is a student who is very good at study and she has always been the best student in her class. She has been the monitor of her class since she came to the school. All her classmates like her

37、 very much.I believe that she will be a good worker in the Students Union be- cause she is a capable and nice student.Yours FaithfullyLi MingPart BFlying into SpaceChinas second manned spacecraft Shenzhou VI, as indicated in the picture, blasted off into sky October 12,2005. The craft, carrying two

38、astronauts, orbited the earth for five days. This ambitious initiative may assert that China opens new chapter in space history, for which the whole nation is deeply emerged into happiness and excitement. And quite a few people may thus ask this question. Why does China launch the spaceships to deve

39、lop her space programs rapidly from now on ?A variety of reasons are not difficult to find. At the macro level, China develops space technology purely for international peace; from the view of peaceful use of space, China is willing to cooperate with other nations in the development of space science

40、 and technology. At the micro level, the countrys manned space exploration serves as a symbol of its increasing overall national strength as a result of fast economic growth over the past decades. Namely, this space flight, as the most complicated project, not only represents a nations scientific re

41、search and economic strength, but also accomplishes the fruitful requirement of extensive integration and management skills.While rejoicing in the outstanding achievements, I think, the Chinese people must keep their feet on the ground. Although our country is fast catching up, it still lags far beh

42、ind the USA and Russia in aerospace and technology. The technological gap, however may well turn into an impetus to encourage the Chinese people, especially the promising youth, to strive for more scientific and economic achievements. It is hoped that the can-do spirit will inspire the entire nation

43、 to aim higher and build a more prosperous and harmonious society.A. in B. between C. of D. among10 A. secure B. strike C. save D. hit11 A. acknowledgements, awareness C. affirmation D. agreement12 A. for B. of C. in D. withA. aimed B. targeted C. directed D. manipulatedA. offered B. provided C. tol

44、d D. givenA. for B. to C. with D. atA. synthetic B. combined C. integrated D. comprehensiveA. Subsequently B. Consequently C. Accordingly D. ReverselyA. consists of B. accounts for C. consists in D. leads toA. waking B. awakening C. rising D. arisingA. practical B. useful C. material D. artificialSe

45、ction II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)Text 1The past 40 years have witnessed an extraordinary evolution. From slow expensive machines controlled by p

46、unched cards, computers have become low-cost, powerful units taking up no more space than a briefcase. Simultaneously, our world has become interlaced with telephone wires, optic fibers, undersea cables, microwave links, television channels and satellite communications.At the crossing of these two d

47、evelopments stands the Internet一a direct result of computer technology intersecting with communication technology. But for many in the world of todays media, this is merely a first landmark in what promises to be a giant upheaval in the way people communicate, relax and work. This is the era of digi

48、tal convergence.According to a recent article in Scientific American, convergence is in principle the union of audio, video and data communications into a single source, received on a single device, delivered by a single connection. Digital technology has already provided a medium for integrating me

49、dia that until now required distinct channels of communication: we can now send emails using our televisions or text messages over mobile phones. Real-time video can be transmitted over radio channels, while television and radio can be received on Personal Computers.Full digital convergence promises

50、 real-time access to information anywhere in the world, and global communication through text, graphics, video and audio. In fact, there seems to be no technological limit to what might be possible. The reality of anywhere, anytime access to broadband digital networks is going to make our lives free

51、r and fuller, Gerald Levin, chief executive officer of AOL Time Warner; has promised. But technology alone cannot bring about such a world, as long as consumers and companies do not embrace it, convergence is likely to go the way of several hyped-up predecessors.Over a decade ago, for example, virtu

52、al reality was the technology of the future, and many people anticipated a day where we would be wearing head-mounted displays and interacting with all manner of virtual environments. At the time there was real concern about changes in industrial practices and social behavior brought about by this t

53、echnology. So what happened to this vision? Well, we got it wrong. Currently, the home computer is the main interface to the Internet. But relatively few people in the world have access to PCs, and few would argue that they are ideal for the purpose-they can crash and freeze because they were not de

54、signed for widespread Internet use.21 In this text the extraordinary evolution refers to.the appearance of the smaller, low-cost and powerful computers.the interrelated telephone wires, optic fibers, undersea cables, microwave links.the popularity of TV channels and satellite communication.the fast

55、development of computer and communication technology.22、According to this text the Internet.develops with the advance of computer bines computer technology and communication technology.brings great changes to todays media.will give way to digital convergence.23、The medium for integrating media is.A.

56、 the Internet. B. the digital technology.C. the mobile phone. D. Personal Computer.24 The word convergence (in Para. 3) means.A. revolution. B. communication.C. integration. D. transmission.25 Full digital convergence depends on.whether more people have access to PCs.the provision of more interfaces

57、 to the Internet.the improvement of the technology of virtual reality.whether the users will accept the new technology or not.Text 2Linguists have been able to follow the formation of a new language in Nicaragua. The catch is that it is not a spoken language but, rather, a sign language which arose

58、spontaneously in deaf children.The Nicaraguan Sign Language (NSL) emerged in the late 1970s, at a new school for deaf children. Initially the children were instructed by teachers who could hear. No one taught them how to sign; they simply worked it out for themselves. By conducting experiments on pe

59、ople who attended the school at various points in its history, Dr. Senghas has shown how NSL has become more sophisticated over time. For example, concepts that an older signer uses a single sign for, such as rolling and falling, have been unpacked into separate signs by youngsters.Early users, too,

60、 did not develop a way of distinguishing left from right. Dr. Senghas showed this by asking signers of different ages to converse about a set of photographs that each could see. One signer had to pick a photograph and describe it. The other had to guess which photograph was being described.When all