2022屆高考英語考前沖刺卷（全國(guó)甲卷） 附答案

1、2022屆高考英語考前沖刺卷全國(guó)甲卷本試卷總分值120分,考試時(shí)間100分鐘。第一局部閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，總分值40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每題2分，總分值30分）閱讀以下短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出最正確選項(xiàng)。ATHE SCIENCE MUSEUM IS NOW OPEN. BOOK YOUR FREE TICKETS NOW.You are here:HOME SEE AND DO CLIMATE TALKSHOW ARE OUR OCEANS RESPONDING TO CLIMATE CHANGE?Oceans cover more than 70% of the

2、 Earths surface and as the planet heats up, they are feeling the impact acutely.But how exactly does climate change affect our oceans, how do our oceans influence climate change and what can we do about it?From ocean acidification and changing currents（水流）to biodiversity loss and changing fish migra

3、tion（遷徙）patterns, global temperature rise is having a very real impact on our oceans. The relationship between oceans and climate is complex and interlinked, and in this Climate Talk, a group of experts dive into this relationship.Well be exploring in depth the impacts of climate change upon oceans,

4、 the biodiversity that they support and the communities that depend on them for food security, economic prosperity（繁榮）and survival.Speakers include:Dr. Carol Turley OBE: Senior Scientist, Head of International Affairs, Plymouth Marine LaboratoryProfessor Margaret Leinen: Director of Scripps Institut

5、ion of Oceanography at UC San Diego, Vice Chancellor for Marine Sciences and Dean of the School of Marine Sciences, UC San DiegoDr. Rashid Sumaila FRSC: Killam University Professor and Director Fisheries Economics Research Unit at the University of British ColumbiaProfessor Stephen Belcher: Chief Sc

6、ientist, the Met OfficeProfessor Chris Jackson （Chair）: Chair in Sustainable Geoscience, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of ManchesterFurther speakers will be announced later.What will be mainly discussed in the talks?A.The rising temperature of the Earth.C.The changing ha

7、bits of the fish in the ocean.2.Who will deliver speeches during the talks?A.Museum managers.C.Professors and scientists.B.The disappearance of animals in the ocean.D.The relationship between oceans and climate.B.Museum visitors.D.Government officials.考查小標(biāo)題。此處是本段的小標(biāo)題。下文講當(dāng)你專注于你的事業(yè)開展時(shí)，你就擁有了要實(shí)現(xiàn)的 目標(biāo)。此外，

8、有研究說明，朝著目標(biāo)奮斗會(huì)讓人更快樂。B項(xiàng)”工作和事業(yè)成功”統(tǒng)領(lǐng)本段，適合做 本段的小標(biāo)題。應(yīng)選B?？疾檫壿嬯P(guān)系。上文講雖然你是一個(gè)有邏輯的人，但你不要認(rèn)為每個(gè)決定和行動(dòng)都必須基于事 實(shí)和數(shù)字。D項(xiàng)”有時(shí)你需要跟隨自己的內(nèi)心”承接上文，符合語境。應(yīng)選D?？疾檫壿嬯P(guān)系。下文講他們也會(huì)給你留下能”把事情做好”的印象。C項(xiàng)”他們將充滿活力并且目 標(biāo)明確”與下文銜接緊密，符合語境。應(yīng)選C。第二局部語言知識(shí)運(yùn)用第一節(jié)答案：1-5 BCDDB 6-10 ACDAB 11-15 ADBCD 16-20 CCAAB解析：1.考查動(dòng)詞辨析。根據(jù)上文中的“1 had to get up early”及下文中的“m

9、y breakfast”可知，作者必 須早早地起床，狼吞虎咽地吃完早餐后去趕校車。wolf down意為“狼吞虎咽地吃”，符合語境。應(yīng)選Bo.考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)下文中的“across that wooden bridge when I got ofV可知，作者的家與校車站點(diǎn) 之間有一座木橋。bridge意為“橋，符合語境。應(yīng)選C。.考查詞義辨析。根據(jù)語境可知，作者總是第一個(gè)上車的人。first意為“第一個(gè)“，符合語境。應(yīng)選 Do.考查動(dòng)詞辨析。根據(jù)語境可知，雖然作者家距離學(xué)校只有四英里，但校車的路線曲折反復(fù)，作者 開始了一趟長(zhǎng)達(dá)45分鐘的路程。start意為“開始”，符合語境。應(yīng)選D。.考查動(dòng)

10、詞短語辨析。根據(jù)下文中的it started moving on a long, winding, one-lane mountain road”可 知，當(dāng)校車出現(xiàn)后，它開始在山路上前進(jìn)。turnup意為“出現(xiàn)“，符合語境。應(yīng)選B。.考查動(dòng)詞辨析。根據(jù)下文中的to pick up more kids”可知，校車在每個(gè)孩子的家門口停下。pause 意為“暫停，符合語境。應(yīng)選A。.考查形容詞辨析。根據(jù)語境可知，隨著校車上的孩子越來越多，車上變得越來越擁擠、吵鬧。 louder意為“更吵鬧的“，符合語境。應(yīng)選C。.考查動(dòng)詞辨析。根據(jù)上文中的“to pick up more kids”可知，校車向另一

11、條崎嶇不平的土路出發(fā)去接 更多的孩子。pick up意為“接“，符合語境。應(yīng)選D。.考查動(dòng)詞辨析。根據(jù)下文中的the high school to drop off the older kids”可知,校車到達(dá)中學(xué)時(shí)，大 一點(diǎn)的孩子下車了。reach意為“到達(dá)，符合語境。應(yīng)選A。.考查形容詞辨析。根據(jù)下文中的just before the first class bell rang”可知，作者在鈴聲響起前剛剛 到校，因此此處表示作者到達(dá)學(xué)校時(shí)經(jīng)常處于緊張、疲乏的狀態(tài)。stressed意為“緊張的“，符合語 境。應(yīng)選B。.考查形容詞辨析。根據(jù)下文中的Because I was so happy

12、to be home again”可知，回家的旅程是輕 松的。easy意為“輕松的“，符合語境。應(yīng)選A。.考查動(dòng)詞辨析。根據(jù)語境可知，作者在下車后跑過木橋。run意為跑;符合語境。應(yīng)選D。.考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)下文中的“It has been full of stops, starts”及語境可知，回首過往，作者將人 生比作一場(chǎng)校車之旅。bus意為“公共汽車”，符合語境。應(yīng)選B。.考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)語境可知，同校車之旅一樣，人生之旅也滿是站點(diǎn)、出發(fā)、曲折和轉(zhuǎn)彎。 twist意為“曲折”，符合語境。應(yīng)選C。.考查形容詞辨析。根據(jù)下文中的“but most kind”可知，一起乘車的人有些是刻薄的，

13、但大多數(shù)都 是善良的。mean意為咳I薄的，符合語境。應(yīng)選D。.考查形容詞辨析。根據(jù)下文中的and sometimes rocky”可知，道路有時(shí)平坦，有時(shí)崎嶇。smooth 意為“平坦的“，符合語境。應(yīng)選C。.考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)語境可知，雖然一路辛勞，但作者知道家永遠(yuǎn)在那里等著自己，因此而感 到寬慰。take comfort in意為感到寬慰，符合語境。應(yīng)選C。.考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)上文中的“1 was so happy to be home again”可知，此處表示作者知道家一直 在那里等著自己。home意為“家，符合語境。應(yīng)選A。.考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)語境可知，盡情享受人生之旅。ride意

14、為”旅行“，符合語境。應(yīng)選A。.考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)下文中的，nd kindness”及語境可知，作者希望讀者能帶著愛和友善體驗(yàn)人 生之旅。love意為“愛“，符合語境。應(yīng)選B。第二節(jié)答案：to the was founded to travel (Dsafely players will follow which participating settlement解析：考查介詞。date back to為固定搭配，意為“追溯到%故填to?？疾楣谠~。年代前應(yīng)用定冠詞the修飾。故填the?？疾閯?dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語”in 1988”可知，此處應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)；分析句 子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，主

15、語the China National Space Administration”與動(dòng)詞found之間構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用 被動(dòng)語態(tài)；且主語the China National Space AdministratiorT為第三人稱單數(shù)，謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用單三形 式。故填 was foundedo考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。此處表示第一位進(jìn)入太空的中國(guó)宇航員，應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞不定式作he first Chinese astronaut”的定語。故填 to travel o考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處應(yīng)用副詞修飾動(dòng)詞return，故填safely?？疾槊~的單復(fù)數(shù)。根據(jù)among”可知，此處應(yīng)用可數(shù)名詞player的

16、復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填players?？疾閯?dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)in the years to come”可知，此處應(yīng)用一般將來時(shí)。故填will followo考查定語從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處應(yīng)用which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，在從句中作主語， 指代前面整句話。故填which?？疾榉侵^語動(dòng)詞。介詞in后應(yīng)用動(dòng)名詞。故填participating?？疾樵~性轉(zhuǎn)換。根據(jù)”限可知，此處應(yīng)用其名詞形式。故填settlement。第三局部寫作第一節(jié)短文改錯(cuò) 答案：a.an . . T . u a” . bookAmong many recreations, reading is activity I enjoy m

17、ost in my free time. My favorite arethebooksthose 泊，rduce the lives of great people. Great people never give up when they face i也 difficulties, introducing、isOne impressive example is Orville and Wilbur Wright, who invented the airplane. It not good luckwasbut hard work that led the Wright brothers

18、to invent this convenient machine. Today we still rememberhim when we see planes flying in the sky. Whenever I read stories about great people, I always learn them- -brave . because This is bravelybrave . because This is bravelywhyI enjoy reading booksfrom them and they encourage me to march on much

19、about great people.解析：Lan改為the,考查冠詞。句意：在許多娛樂活動(dòng)中，閱讀是我業(yè)余時(shí)間最喜歡的一項(xiàng)活 動(dòng)。根據(jù)語境及后文I enjoy most in my free time可知，此處特指“我業(yè)余時(shí)間最喜歡的一項(xiàng)活動(dòng)， 應(yīng)用定冠詞the。故an改為the。2.book改為books,考查可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)。句意：我最喜歡的書是那些介紹偉人生活的書。根據(jù)后文 are those可知，此處應(yīng)用名詞復(fù)數(shù)。故book改為roduce改為introducing,考查現(xiàn)在分詞。句意：我最喜歡的書是那些介紹偉人生活的書。分析可 知，此處應(yīng)用非謂語形式作定語，句中動(dòng)

20、詞introduce與其邏輯主語those（這里指代書）之間是主謂 關(guān)系，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞作定語。故introduce改為introducing。4.去掉with,考查介詞。句意：偉大的人在遇到困難時(shí)從不放棄。face”面對(duì)”，及物動(dòng)詞，介詞 with多余。故去掉with。5.is改為was,考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：萊特兄弟創(chuàng)造這種方便的機(jī)器不是靠運(yùn)氣，而是靠努力工作。分析可知，此處表達(dá)的是過去的情況，應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)。故is改為was。nvent前加to,考查動(dòng)詞不定式。句意：萊特兄弟創(chuàng)造這種方便的機(jī)器不是靠運(yùn)氣，而是靠努力 工作。lead sb to do sth”使（導(dǎo)致）某人做某事”，故此處應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞

21、不定式作賓補(bǔ)。故invent前加to。.him改為them,考查代詞。句意：今天，當(dāng)我們看到飛機(jī)在空中飛行時(shí)，我們?nèi)匀挥浀盟麄?。?據(jù)語境可知，此處表示“萊特兄弟”，應(yīng)用代詞them。故him改為them。.many改為much,考查名詞。句意：每當(dāng)我讀到關(guān)于偉人的故事時(shí)，我總是從他們身上學(xué)到很多 東西，他們鼓勵(lì)我勇往直前。根據(jù)句意，這里指學(xué)到很多東西，為抽象意義，應(yīng)用much。故many 改為mucho.brave改為bravely,考查副詞。句意：每當(dāng)我讀到關(guān)于偉人的故事時(shí)，我總是從他們身上學(xué)到很 多東西，他們鼓勵(lì)我勇往直前。修飾動(dòng)詞短語march on應(yīng)用副詞。故brave改為brave

22、ly。10上ecause改為why,考查引導(dǎo)詞。句意:就是為什么我喜歡讀關(guān)于偉人的書。thats because后接 某事發(fā)生的原因，thatk why后接某事產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果，分析可知，此處表示結(jié)果，應(yīng)用why引導(dǎo)。故 because 改為 why。第二節(jié)書面表達(dá)答案：To be a volunteerHello, everyone! Nowadays, an increasing number of people join in the activities of volunteering. It is well-known that volunteering job is making con

23、tributions to the society with no money in return. However, we can gain a lot from the activities. First of all, we can put into practice what we have learned. Moreover, we could make a lot of new friends while we are volunteering. In addition, helping others is a good way to make you happy and give

24、 you a sense of fulfillment.On the whole, we can benefit a lot by engaging ourselves in the voluntary work. Therefore, I suggest those that have abundant spare time take part in volunteering for the welfare of the public. I am sure you will have a more meaningful life by doing voluntary work.Thank y

25、ou!3.What is the purpose of the text?A.To introduce the science museum.C.To tell the effects of climate change.B.To show some scientific discoveries.D.To advertise talks in the science museum.The most eye-catching performance from the final weekend of the U.S. Olympic Track and Field Trials didnt br

26、eak a world record or send a teenager to Tokyo. But Lindsay Flach still became the shining star. Lindsay Flach competed in the heptathlon（七項(xiàng)全能）18 weeks pregnant and showed off a growing belly. Though she finished a distant last among the 15 women who made it through all seven events of the heptathlo

27、n, her participation this past weekend was a victory in itself.The 2020 season was supposed to be Flachs last chance to compete in the heptathlon, the sport that developed into her enthusiasm over the past decade. She intended to grasp a chance on the U.S. Olympic team one final time before marrying

28、 her longtime boyfriend and starting a family together.In early 2020, Flach quit her job, temporarily left her soon-to-be-husband behind and moved nearly 250 miles south to train with her new coach at the University of Texas Rio Grande Valley. She intended to remain there through the 2020 U.S. Olymp

29、ic Trials. Then the pandemic（疫情）struck three months into her training.When the spread of COVID-19 forced the postponement（延遲）of the Tokyo Games and cast doubt on whether they would ever happen, Flach, 31, decided she could no longer put her life on hold. In March, Flach began struggling to hit marks

30、 that had previously been routine to her. She took a pregnancy test that came back positive, a result that made her doubt whether her Olympic hopeful.The pregnancy weakened Flachs strength and energy but not her desire to say goodbye to track and field on her own terms. While Flachs final score was

31、less than half her personal best, shes trying not to focus on that aspect, nor on the fact that she never qualified for an Olympics in her career. Shes excited for what*s to come in her life, excited she was able to participate in a third Olympic Trials and excited that she showed how strong would-b

32、e mothers can be.When did Flach begin to love the heptathlon?A.At the age of 18.B.At the age of 21.C.At the age of 30.D.At the age of 31.Which word can best describe Flach according to Paragraph 3?A.Determined.B. Ambitious.C.Unfortunate. D.Organized.What made Flach excited?A.She was expecting a new

33、life.B.She won the third Olympic Trials.C.She could marry her loved boyfriend finally.D.She was chosen to take part in the Olymipic Games.4.In which section of a magazine can this text be read?A.Teens.B. Sports.C.Economy.D.Advertisement.CIs there a single food that you can survive on forever?First,

34、its not a good idea to only eat one kind of food. To survive, we need 20 amino（氨基）acids as well as enough minerals and vitamins（維生素）.Throughout history weve often combined foods to assimilate the properly balanced nutrients that we usually cant attain from eating a single food item. But in special t

35、imes, there are a couple of foods a human could survive on.at least for a while.The potato is one good example. For all of 2016, Andrew Taylor ate only potatoes. But he ate both white potatoes and sweet ones, and sometimes mixed in tomato sauce, salt and herbs. He also took B12 tablets. But, overall

36、, he ate potatoes for breakfast, lunch, and dinner. The results of four blood tests that he took over the year were all normal. He even lost weight and felt more energized.Technically, the traditional white potato contains all the necessary amino acids you need to build proteins, repair cells, and f

37、ight diseases. However, if you depended on white potatoes alone, you would eventually be short of vitamins and minerals. Thats where sweet potatoes come in, which provide you with Vitamin A, C and E.Andrew Taylor isnt the only person in history who has relied almost merely on potatoes. In the beginn

38、ing of the 1800s, about a third of the Irish population got most of their calories（熱量）from potatoes. The average American ate about 113 pounds of potatoes in 2015.Of course, there are a lot of health disadvantages to potatoes, especially when you eat them only. People who eat a lot of these are more

39、 likely to get diabetes-a lifelong disease and become overweight, according to multiple studies.Andrew Taylor actually lost weight-probably from eating less overall and giving up sugar-which wasn*t his original goal. No nutritionist would get on board with an all-potato diet. Nor other food either.

40、Variety is in some way vital. So dont just eat a baked potato, load it with other healthy stuff, too.1 .What does the underlined word in the second paragraph probably mean?A.Distinguish.B.Create.C.Absorb.D.Accumulate.2,Why is Andrew Taylor mentioned in this text?A.To show that he is a potato lover.B

41、.To tell the difference between white and sweet potatoes.C.To advise people to eat more potatoes.D.To prove that people can live on one kind of food for a while.3.What will happen if you only eat potatoes?A.You will run into health problems.B.You will lose weight and feel energetic.C.You will get th

42、e needed acids and minerals. D.You will be eating like an average American. 4.Which is the best title for the text?A.Love potatoes, Love lifeB.Are you eating too much potatoes?C.Eat like Andrew TaylorD.Can we survive on a single food?DTheres nothing better than a walk in the countryside for lifting

43、our spirits. Connecting with nature has been proven to help our mental health. For some, the refreshing thing is to walk through a forest, but as we admire the trees that surround us, its worth knowing these trees are doing more than just being nice things to look at.Were already aware of the benefi

44、ts of trees-they produce oxygen and clean the air we breathe by absorbing about a quarter of all human-caused carbon dioxide emissions（排放）.But theres more to these impressive forms of vegetation than we might think. Researchers have discovered evidence that proves they are actually intelligent.Its t

45、hought that trees talk and share resources right under our feet, using a fungal（真菌的）network. Under the ground are tree roots, and mixed among them, are thousands of superfine threads of fungi. And research has shown that they are all interconnected. They can help each other by sharing nutrients, and

46、 they can even warn of approaching threats. Scientists say its like the trees are talking to one another.Ecologist Suzanne Simard has called this network the Wood Wide Web. She discovered that parent trees use this network to help their offspring（后代）.She said, nWe found that the parent trees would f

47、avour those offspring by sending them more nutrients/ She also found that trees are smart enough to change their behaviour and have managed to adapt and survive in a changing environment.So it seems trees really are the stars of our natural world, and with around a huge number of them on our planet,

48、 its time to show them some respect if we want them to grow healthily.Whats the benefit of being surrounded by trees?A.Increasing our intelligence.B.Improving our mental health.C.Lowering the risk of diseases.D.Developing our taste for beauty.How do trees talk to each other?A.By changing their behav

49、ior.B.By changing their environment.C.By waving to each other with their leaves. D.By using threads of fungi under the ground.Whats the possible way for parent trees to help their offspring survive?A.They interconnect all thetrees.B.They choose the smartestoffspring.C.They send their offspringmore n

50、utrients.D.They warn their offspringof approaching threats.What*s the best title of the text?A.Clever TreesB.The Functions of TreesC.Natural SelectionD.Environmental Protection第二節(jié)（共5小題；每題2分，總分值10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最正確選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Most people fear a life with regrets-because lost time is los

51、t forever. Here are some tips exactly on how to live a full life as a result.Physical healthJust imagine how much more you could achieve in life if you had tons of drive and energy. Simple things like improving your diet, exercising more, or learning meditation could lead to big gains in your physic

52、al and mental health.Family and relationship fulfillmentOur relationships are vital for our success and well-being. Where possible, you should limit the time you spend with negative people and increase the time you spend with creative, enthusiastic, and supportive people.When you focus on progressin

53、g your career, youll have goals to aim for. Furthermore, research has shown that working towards goals makes people happier.Spiritual wellnessWhile youre a logical（有邏輯性的）person, you dont believe that every decision and action has to be based on facts and figures. Whether you believe there is a power

54、 greater than you or not, spiritual practices such as breathing exercises, and singing can help you to tap into a world beyond logic.Mental strengthIts easy to spot someone with a weak mind. They have no focus, no discipline, and they lack drive and faith. On the other hand, someone with a strong mi

55、nd is easy to spot, too. Theyll also impress you as someone who can nget things done.Once youve successfully balanced the five Life Aspects一youll have put working smarter0 into action. A.Set a goal in advanceB.Work and career prosperityC.They will be dynamic and purposefulD.Sometimes you need to fol

56、low your heartE.They will easily give up their goals set in advanceF.However, learning how to live a full life is no easy taskG.And this would unavoidably lead to gains in all areas of your life 第二局部 語言知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，總分值45分） 第一節(jié)（共20小題；每題L5分，總分值30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選出可以填入空白處的最正確選項(xiàng)。When I was a

57、boy, I had the craziest bus ride to school every day. I had to get up early, 1 down my breakfast, and walk across the wooden swinging 2 to wait for the bus. I was always the 3 one on the bus. It was only 4 miles from school, but I 4 the ride 45 minutes before or even more.When the bus 5 , it started

58、 moving on a long, winding, one-lane mountain road 6 at every house to pick up more kids. The road circled around the mountain and back down the other side with the bus getting fuller, and 7 with each stop. And then it headed down another rocky, rough dirt road to 8 up more children. Finally, it 9 t

59、he high school to drop off the older kids before heading on to my primary school. I usually got to the school 10 , tired, and just before the first class bell rang.The ride home was always 11 . Because I was so happy to be home again that I would 12 across that wooden bridge when I got off.Looking b

60、ack now I can see my whole life has been a long, crazy 13 ride. It has been full of stops, starts, 14 , turns and lots of passengers, some 15 but most kind. Sometimes the scenery has beenbeautiful and sometimes not so much. Sometimes the road has been 16 and sometimes rocky. Through it all, though,