21世紀(jì)大學(xué)英語讀寫教學(xué)教程第四冊Unit6

1、. Unit 6Text APre-reading ActivitiesFirst ListeningBefore listening to the tape, have aquick look at the following words.sock短襪EQ情商empathy同情Second ListeningListen to the tape again. They choose the best answer to each of thefollowing questions.1. The listening passage says that Einstein was ageniusi

2、n terms of_.A) Emotional Intelligence or EQB)Intellectual Intelligence or IQC) both EQ and IQD) neither EQ nor IQ2. Which of the following is NOT an example of Emotional.Intelligence?A) Understanding your own feelings.B)Understanding the feelingsof others.C) Being able to handle emotionseffectively.

3、D) Being smarter than others in your class.3. Which of the following statements best describes the relationshipbetween EQ and IQ?A) People tend to have more of one than the other.B)People tend to have the same amount of each.C) They work together to make you successful.D) They depend on such factors

4、 as social class and how lucky you are.4. What isthe main purpose of this passage?A) Tointroduce anew concept, EQ, and explain itssignificance.B)Toexplain why EQ ismore important in life than IQ.C) Todiscuss different definitionsof success.D) Tocriticize traditional notions of intelligence.The EQ Fa

5、ctorNancy GibbsIt turns out that a scientist can see the future by watchingfour-year-olds interact with a marshmallow. The researcher invites thechildren, one by one, into aplain room and begins the gentle torment.You can have this marshmallow right now, he says. But ifyou wait while I.run an errand

6、, you can have two marshmallows when Iget back. And thenhe leaves.Some children grab for the treat the minute hes out the door. Somelast afew minutesbefore they give in.But others are determined to wait.They cover their eyes; they put their heads down; they sing to themselves;they try to play games

7、or even fall asleep. When the researcher returns, hegives these children their hard-earned marshmallows. And then, sciencewaits for them to grow up.By the time the children reach high school, something remarkable hashappened. A survey of the childrens parents and teachers found thatthose who as four

8、-year-olds had enough self-control to hold out for thesecond marshmallow generally grew up to be better adjusted, morepopular, adventurous, confident and dependable teenagers. The childrenwho gave in to temptation early on were more likely to be lonely, easilyfrustrated and stubborn. They could not

9、endure stress and shied awayfrom challenges. And when some of the students in the two groups tookthe Scholastic Aptitude Test, the kidswho had held out longer scored anaverage of 210 points higher.When we think of brilliance we see Einstein, deep-eyed, woolly haired,athinking machine with skin and m

10、ismatched socks. High achievers, weimagine, were wired for greatness from birth. But then you have towonder why, over time, natural talent seems to ignite in some people and.dim in others. Thisiswhere the marshmallows come in.It seems that theability to delay gratification isamaster skill, atriumph

11、of the reasoningbrain over the impulsive one. It is a sign, in short, of emotionalintelligence. And it doesnt show up on an IQ test.For most of this century, scientists have worshipped the hardware ofthe brain and the software of the mind; the messy powers of the heartwere left to the poets. But cog

12、nitive theory could simply not explain thequestions we wonder about most: why some people just seem to have agift for living well; why the smartest kid in the class will probably not endup the richest; why we like some people virtually on sight and distrustothers; why some people remain upbeat in th

13、e face of troubles that wouldsink a less resilient soul. What qualities of the mind or spirit, in short,determine who succeeds?The phrase emotional intelligence was coined by Yale psychologistPeter Salovey and the University of New Hampshires John Mayer fiveyears ago to describe qualities like under

14、standing ones own feelings,empathy for the feelingsof others and the regulation of emotion in away that enhances living. Their notion is about to bound into thenational conversation, handily shortened to EQ, thanks to a new book,Emotional Intelligence by Daniel Goleman. Goleman, a Harvardpsychology

15、Ph.D. and a New York Times science writer with a gift formaking even the most difficult scientific theories digestible to lay readers,.has brought together adecades worth of behavioral research into howthe mindprocesses feelings. Hisgoal, he announceson the cover, istoredefine what it means to be sm

16、art. His thesis: when it comes topredicting peoples success, brainpower as measured by IQ andstandardized achievement tests may actually matter less than thequalitiesof mindonce thought of as character before the word beganto sound old-fashioned.At first glance, there would seem to be little thats n

17、ew here to anyclose reader of fortune cookies. There may be noless original idea thanthe notion that our hearts hold dominion over our heads.I was so angry,we say,I couldnt think straight. Neither is it surprising that peopleskills are useful, which amounts to saying, itsgood to be nice.Its so truei

18、tstrivial, says Dr. Paul McHugh, director of psychiatry at Johns HopkinsUniversity School of Medicine. But ifit were that simple, the book wouldnot be quite so interesting or itsimplicationsso controversial.Thisisnoabstract investigation. Goleman islooking for antidotes torestore civility to our str

19、eets and caring to our communal life. He seespractical applications everywhere for how companies should decidewhom to hire, how couples can increase the odds that their marriages willlast, how parents should raise their children and how schools shouldteach them. When street gangs substitute for fami

20、lies and schoolyardinsultsend in stabbings, when more than half of marriages end in divorce,.when the majority of the children murdered in this country are killed byparents and stepparents, many of whom say they were trying to disciplinethe child for behavior like blocking the TV or crying too much,

21、 it suggestsademand for remedial emotional education.And it is here the arguments will break out. Golemans highlypopularized conclusions, says McHugh,will chill any veteran scholar ofpsychotherapy and any neuroscientist who worries about how hisresearch may come to be applied. While many researchers

22、 in thisrelatively new field are glad to see emotional issues finally taken seriously,they fear that anotion as handy as EQ invitesmisuse. Goleman admits thedanger of suggesting that you can assign anumerical value to apersonscharacter as well as his intellect; Goleman never even uses the phrase EQi

23、n his book. But he did somewhat reluctantly approve an unscientific EQtest in USA Today with choices like I am aware of even subtle feelingsas Ihave them, and I can sense the pulse of a group or relationship andstate unspoken feelings.You dont want to take an average of your emotional skill, arguesH

24、arvard psychology professor Jerome Kagan, a pioneer inchild-development research.Thats whats wrong with the concept ofintelligence for mental skillstoo. Some people handle anger well but canthandle fear. Some people cant take joy. So each emotion has to beviewed differently. EQ isnot the opposite of

25、 IQ. Some people are blessed.with alot of both, some with little of either. What researchers have beentrying to understand is how they complement each other; how onesability to handle stress, for instance, affects the ability to concentrate andput intelligence to use. Among the ingredients for succe

26、ss, researchersnow generally agree that IQ counts for about 20%; the rest depends oneverything from class to luck to the neural pathways that have developedin the brain over millionsof years of human evolution.(1 047 words)New WordsEQ(abbr.)emotional quotient 情商interactvi.(with) act or have an effec

27、t on each other 相互作用；相互影響marshmallown.soft sweet made from sugar and gelatine 果汁軟糖tormentn.severe physical or mental suffering （肉體或精神上的）折磨，痛苦vt. cause severe suffering to 折磨；使痛苦errandn.small job that requires ashort journey, usu. for sb. else （短程的）差事，差使hard-earned.a. gained with great difficulty or

28、effort 辛苦掙來的surveyn.investigation 調(diào)查adventurousa. eager for or fond of adventure 渴望冒險的，喜歡冒險的dependablea. that may be depended on 可信賴的，可靠的scholastica. of schools and education 學(xué)校的；的；學(xué)業(yè)的aptituden.natural ability or skill 天生的才能或技巧；天資brilliancen.the quality of being brilliantwoollya.羊毛（制）的；產(chǎn)羊毛的；像羊毛的mism

29、atchvt. match (people or things) wrongly or unsuitably 使錯配，配合不當(dāng)sockn.short stocking covering the ankle and lower part of the leg 短襪ignitev.(cause to) catch fire, burn （使）著火，燃燒；發(fā)光dim.v.(cause to) become dim impulsivea.(of people and their behavior) marked by sudden action that isundertaken without ca

30、reful thought （指人或人的行為）憑沖動的；易沖動的messya. in astate of disorder; dirty: causing dirt or disorder 凌亂的；臟的；搞亂的；搞臟的upbeata. optimistic or cheerful 樂觀的；快樂的resilienta. 1.有彈性的，有回彈力的；能復(fù)原的2.有復(fù)原力的；富有活力的；適應(yīng)性強的empathyn.ability to imagine and share another persons feelings, experience,etc.同情；同感；共鳴handilyad.靈巧地，熟練地

31、；輕易地；近便地digestiblea. that can be digested; relatively easy to understand 可消化的；可吸收的；較易理解的.behaviorala. of behavior 行為的thesisn.1. statement or theory put forward and supported by argument 論題，命題；論點2. long written essay submitted by acandidate for auniversity degree;dissertation 畢業(yè)論文；學(xué)位standardizevt. ma

32、ke(sth.)conform to afixed standard, shape, quality, type, etc. 使（某事物）標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化；使合乎標(biāo)準(zhǔn)（或規(guī)格）fortunen.1. large amount of money; wealth 大筆的錢；財2. chance; luck 機會；運氣3. persons destiny or future; fate 命運；前途cookien.biscuit 餅干fortune cookie(U.S.)thin biscuit, folded to hold a printed message (e.g.a proverb,prophecy

33、 or joke)served in Chinese restaurants（美）簽語餅（中國餐館的折疊形小餅，內(nèi)有紙條，上寫預(yù)測運氣的格言或幽默套語）dominionn.(over) rule; powerful authority; effective control 統(tǒng)治；管轄；支配；.控制straightad. clearly, logically 清晰地；有條理地controversiala. causing or likely to cause argument or disagreement 引起爭論的；有爭議的abstracta. existing in thought or

34、as an idea but not having a physical orpractical existence 抽象的antidotecivilityn.fact or act of showing politeness; act of being civilized 禮貌，客氣，謙恭communala. 1. of or referring to acommune or acommunity 公共的；社區(qū)的，集體的2. for the use of all; shared 公用的；共有的oddsn.(pl.) probability or chance 可能性；機會schoolyard

35、n.校園；操場.stabvt. pierce(sth.) or wound (sb.) with apointed tool or weapon; push (aknife, etc.) into sb./sth.人（或某物）stabbingn.instance of stabbing or being stabbed 用利器傷人stepparentn.繼父，后父；繼母，后母remedyvt.醫(yī)治；治療；補救；糾正remediala.補救的；糾正的；補習(xí)的popularizevt. 1. make (sth.) generally liked 使（某事物）被大家喜歡，使受大家歡迎2. make

36、 (sth.) known or available to the general public, esp. bypresenting it in an easily understandable form 使（某事物）眾所周知；使普及chillvt. 1. make cold 使變冷；使冷卻；使感到冷2. discourage 使沮喪；使掃興.n.寒冷；風(fēng)寒；冷淡；沮喪；掃興scholarn.person who studies an academic subject deeply 學(xué)者psychotherapyn.treatment of mental disorders by psych

37、ological methods精神療法；心理療法neuroscientistn.神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)家handya.(of an object, tool, machine, etc.) easy to use; useful for somepurpose 便于使用的；有用的numericala. of, expressed in or representing numbers數(shù)字的；用數(shù)字表示的；代表數(shù)字的approvevt. 1. have apositive opinion of 贊成；稱許2. accept, permit or officially agree to 批準(zhǔn)；允許；對表示認(rèn)可neurala. the nerves 神經(jīng)的pathwayn.way or track made for or by people walking 小路，小徑（=Phrases and Expressions.one by oneseparately; individually in order 一個一個地；依次地right nowimmediately; at this moment