2022年高考英語沖刺分類匯編專題11：說明文類閱讀理解

1、PAGE72022年高考英語真題分類匯編專題11：說明文類閱讀理解一、閱讀理解（共12題；共90分）1（2022卷）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的ABC和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。CLanguageshavebeencomingandgoingforthousandsofyears,small,tightlynit聯(lián)系,000yearsago,whentheworldhadjustfivetotenmillionefarmers,trade,industrialisation,thedevelomunicationsintheestotechnologyandreading,thereestor

2、eading及最后一句Datashowsthatidsandteens,monberries,strawberriesarehighestinvitaminC,although,becauseoftheirseeds,rasbinedwithberriesorslicesofotherfruits,froenbananasmaeanecellentbaseforthic,coolingfruitshaesandlowfaticecreamForthiseoutbelow（1）WhatdoestheauthorseemtolieaboutcherriesATheycontainbinedwith

3、etoSACAToeiture,butthebasicbondinevolvedamethodorsystemtobreathisbondJenniferDeBruyn,amicrobiologistattheUniversityofTennessee,whowasnotinvolvedinthestudy,DeBruynsays,腸道微生物？Bertocchiniagreesandhoeintofocus:,coo,tstoodernartChissuccessinemberagreatwriterBTointroduceanEnglishnovelCToencouragestudieson

4、cultureDTootevaluesoftheVictorianage【答案】（1）C（2）D（3）A【考點】推理判斷題，人物故事類，說明文【解析】【分析】本文是在紀念狄更斯的誕辰200周年到來之際，對狄更斯對英國小說的蓬勃發(fā)展的深遠影響和在英國文學(xué)發(fā)展中的重要作用的肯定。推理判斷。由題干中的inthe18thcentury將信息定位在第一段的1719，但是人們當時對英國小說的看法在最后一段Novels,forthemostmoral,orjustmoral（不道德的）,orjustaeaboutasmuchsenseastheLouvresellingofftheMonaLisa可知狄更斯

5、的偉大是毫無爭議的，要把他從英國文學(xué)名人堂中拿掉就像要把蒙娜麗莎從盧浮宮賣掉一樣讓人能夠理解。所以通過兩者進行對比，旨在強調(diào)狄更斯在英國文學(xué)中的重要地位。故答案為D。寫作意圖。根據(jù)文章最后一句中的asthe200thanniversaryofhisbirthaofArt1000FifthAvenueNewYor,NY10028EntrancesFifthAvenueat82ndStreetHoursOber25,January1,andthefirstMondayinMayAdmission$,$,includestheMainBuildingandTheCloisters回廊）onthesa

6、meday;freeforchildrenunder12withanadultFreewithAdmissionAllss,lectures,guidedtours,concerts,gallerytals,andfamily/childrenssarefreewithadmissionAsabouttodaysactivitiesattheGreatHallInformationDesTheCloistersMuseumandGardens,coloredglass,andEuroaboutthe9thtothe15thcenturyHours:Ober-February10:00-16:4

7、5ClosedThansgivingDay,December25,andJanuary1（1）HowmuchmaytheyuseumA$12B$37C$50D$62（2）TheattractionoftheCloistersmuseumandgardensliesinthefactthat_AitotheMiddleAgesCithasamodernEurouch可定位在$,$,freeforchildrenunder12withanadult所以11歲的小孩免費，兩個大人應(yīng)該是50美元，故答案為C。（2）細節(jié)理解。將題干中的Cloistersmuseumandgardens定位在最后一段，根

8、據(jù)devotedtotheartandarchitectureofEuroodernrestaurantToday,:dinersservedthemselvesabout20oreatchedtheirfoodWhenadar-coloredcaewasservedonablacersrecognieditassweeterandmoretastyLightingmatters,theycouldnttellhowmuchtheydhad:thosegivenetra-largesharesatemorethaneveryoneelse,butwerenonethewisertheydidn

9、tfeelfuller,andtheywerejustasreadyfordessertTimeismoney,:eMoart莫扎特）Whenclassical,ratherthanusicwasorethanthosewhosmelledlemon,ornoscentMeanwhile,thingsthatyoumighteerstosaythatitsosterswereAnotawareofeatingmorethanusualBnotwillingtosharefoodwithothersCnotconsciousofthefoodqualityDnotfondofthefoodaem

10、oreusicBIntroducinglemonscentCMaingthelightbrighter,DUsingorecustomersBsrestaurantsarefacedwithCWaystoimmonmisunderstandingsaboutrestaurants【答案】（1）A（2）A（3）D【考點】詞義猜測題，細節(jié)理解題，段落大意題，社會文化類，說明文【解析】【分析】介紹影響顧客就餐和消費的多種因素。通過對比，現(xiàn)代餐飲業(yè)可以通過餐具與食物的顏色搭配、就餐環(huán)境的味道、燈光的明暗以及音樂的種類等方式來增加顧客的消費，從而獲取更大的收益。（1）詞義猜測。A沒有意識到比平時吃的多；

11、B。不愿意與人共享；C對食物的品質(zhì)沒有知覺；D不喜歡所提供的食物。通過表達符合的功能判斷答案。nonethewiser后的破折號是對前文的解釋，所以通過理解theydidntfeelfuller,andtheywerejustasreadyfordessert可知，在較暗的光線環(huán)境中就餐，人們就變得不那么聰明了他們沒有了飽腹感，而且還要再吃甜點。故答案為A。（2）細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第四段中Whenclassical,ratherthanusicwasore可知古典音樂比流行音樂更能吸引人消費，所以A正確；選項B定位在第四段最后一句dinerswhogotthescentoflavender薰衣草）stayedlongerandsorethanthosewhosmelledlemon,ornoscent中，所以檸檬的香味不如熏衣草的香味吸引顧客消費；C項在第三段，與文章描述的恰恰相反；D項提到的盤子涉及的是與食物顏色的搭配。故答案為A。（3）段落大意。最后一段是”總分“結(jié)構(gòu)，第一句話是主題句：