土木工程專業(yè)英語(yǔ)lectu課件

Scope(范圍)ofcivilengineerVocabularyexplanationOutlineofthepassageExplanationofthepassageScope(范圍)ofcivilengineerVocVocabulary1Consultation咨詢consultant咨詢工程師compriseto（包含）engineeringdesign工程設(shè)計(jì)client（業(yè)主）merits好處render(提供）determine決定decideRehabilitation恢復(fù)，改進(jìn)technicalinvestigation技術(shù)調(diào)查analysis分析hydrographicstudies水文地質(zhì)研究feasibility可行性planning規(guī)劃Vocabulary1Consultation咨詢Vocabulary2Budgetarycontrol預(yù)算性控制budgetaryplanning預(yù)算編制Budgetarystructure預(yù)算結(jié)構(gòu)Proceedwith繼續(xù)進(jìn)行constructionproject工程項(xiàng)目Preliminary初步的sketches草圖amasterplan總圖propose提議Schedule安排Available可利用的funds資金.Vocabulary2BudgetarycontrolVocabulary3design設(shè)計(jì)subdivide再分為Schematic綱要）.becontinuous繼續(xù)enablesb.tovisualize使…直觀化implementation實(shí)施additions添加Change變更c(diǎn)onsistof由…組成specifications規(guī)范contracts合同Vocabulary3design設(shè)計(jì)Vocabulary4Tenderconstructionbids（投標(biāo)）

awardcontract(授標(biāo)）,administer（管理）fieldconsultation(現(xiàn)場(chǎng)咨詢）on-siteinspection（工地視察）obligation（義務(wù)）designcontract（設(shè)計(jì)合同）periodic（定期）insurance（確保）clarifyingdrawings（解釋圖紙）equipmentcatalogue(設(shè)備項(xiàng)目）contractor（承包商）shopdrawings（施工圖

forcompliancewith（符合）complywithVocabulary4TenderconstruVocabulary5residentengineer（駐場(chǎng)工程師）engineeringrepresentative（工程代表）qualitycontrol(質(zhì)量保證）contractors（承包商)

subcontractors（分包商）

interpretation（解釋）Constructionmanagement（CM）（施工管理）inflationary（通貨膨脹）retained（保留）projectdesigner(項(xiàng)目設(shè)計(jì)師）

Vocabulary5residentengineervocabulary6property（資產(chǎn)）technicalreports（技術(shù)報(bào)告）appraisalofpropertyandbuildingvalues(房屋,資產(chǎn)評(píng)估);vocabulary6property（資產(chǎn)）Outlineofthepassage1

passage:scope(范圍)ofcivilengineer1Adviceandconsultation[k?ns?lte???n]（建議與咨詢）2.technicalinvestigation[?nvest?ge???n]（技術(shù)調(diào)查）andanalysis（分析）3.planning（規(guī)劃）4.design(設(shè)計(jì)）5.Constructionconsultationandinspection(工程咨詢和檢驗(yàn)）6.Constructionmanagement（CM）（施工管理）7.Otherservice（其他服務(wù)項(xiàng)目）Outlineofthepassage1

passa1Adviceandconsultation

（建議與咨詢）Adviceandconsultation

Thisphrasemaycompriseto（包含）morethananexpressionoftheconsultant’s(咨詢工程師的）opinionbasedonexperienceandtechnicalknowledge（專業(yè)知識(shí)）.Normally,detailed（詳盡的）engineeringdesign（工程設(shè)計(jì)）isnotanelementinthisphase;buttheengineermayadviceaclient（業(yè)主）onthemerits（好處）ofundertakinganewprojectandonitsrelatedtechnicalconsideration.Orthisphrasemayjustbetherendering(提供）ofundertakingfurtherstudiestodetermine(決定）theneedforrepairorrehabilitation（恢復(fù)，改進(jìn)）ofanexistingstructure.1Adviceandconsultation（建議與2.technicalinvestigation（技術(shù)調(diào)查）andanalysis（分析）technicalinvestigationandanalysisafterconsultation,theengineermayundertakedetailedstudy,suchashydrographicstudies(水文地質(zhì)研究）.Possiblemethodsofconstructionmaybeconsidered.preparationofafeasibility(可行性）reportmayfollow.Thisreportusuallyconsiderseconomic(經(jīng)濟(jì)的）aswellasengineeringaspect.Bothaspectshavetobeexploredtoenableanowner(業(yè)主）todecidewhetherornottoundertakeaproject.

2.technicalinvestigation（技術(shù)調(diào)3.planning（規(guī)劃）planning（規(guī)劃）if,onthebasisofafeasibility(可行性)reportorotherinformation,theownerdecidestoproceed(繼續(xù)進(jìn)行)withtheconstructionproject(工程項(xiàng)目）,theplanningphase(規(guī)劃階段）isstarted.Planningmustbeconsideredseparately（分開(kāi)）fromdesign.If,forinstance,aplantorcomplexofstructuresisbeingdevelop,planningincludesroughpreliminary(初步的）sketches（草圖）andamasterplan（總圖）oftheproposed（提議的）project.Withamasterplan,theownercandevelopaprojectinstagesandschedule（安排）constructionaccordingtohisavailable（可利用的）funds（資金）.3.planning（規(guī)劃）planning（規(guī)劃）4.1design(設(shè)計(jì)）design(設(shè)計(jì)）

thisphrasescanbesubdivided（再分為）intoschematic（綱要的）,preliminary（初步的）,andfinaldesigns.Therecanbeareviewwiththeownerattheendofeachstage,orthereviewcanbecontinuous(繼續(xù)）toenabletheownertovisualize（使…直觀化）theimplementation（實(shí)施）ofrequirementsandallowadditions（添加）andchanges（變更）tobemadeastheneedarises.Thecompleteddesigndocumentconsistof(由…組成）detailedplansandspecifications(規(guī)范）andcontracts（合同）forconstruction.4.1design(設(shè)計(jì)）design(設(shè)計(jì)）4.2design(設(shè)計(jì))Thedesigner’srole,however,doesnotendatcompletionoffinaldesign.Normally,thedesigner’sactastheowner’srepresentativeintakingconstructionbids（投標(biāo)）,awardingcontract(授標(biāo)）,andadministering（管理）constructioncontracts.4.2design(設(shè)計(jì))Thedesigner5.1Constructionconsultationandinspection

(工程咨詢和檢驗(yàn)）

ConstructionconsultationandinspectionDuringtheconstructionphrase,theengineer’srolecoversfieldconsultation(現(xiàn)場(chǎng)咨詢）andon-siteinspection（工地視察）.Fieldconsultation,normallypartofthedesigner’sobligation（義務(wù)）underthedesigncontract（設(shè)計(jì)合同）,includesperiodic（定期）visittothesite,insurance（確保）ofclarifyingdrawings（解釋圖紙）(ifrequired),andcheckofequipmentcatalogue(設(shè)備項(xiàng)目）andcontractor’s（承包商的）shopdrawings（施工圖）forcompliancewith（符合）thecontractdocuments.5.1Constructionconsultationa5.2Constructionconsultationandinspection

(工程咨詢和檢驗(yàn)）

On-siterepresentation（工地視察）consistofaresidentengineer（駐場(chǎng)工程師）andastaff（人員）,thesize(ornotexistence)ofwhichdependsonthenature,magnitude（大小，重要性）,andcomplexity（復(fù)雜性）oftheproject.Theresidentengineer’sprimefunctionistomakesurethatthecontractorcomplieswith（符合）thedesign.5.2Constructionconsultation5.3Constructionconsultationandinspection

(工程咨詢和檢驗(yàn)）

Byaccomplishingthis,theresidentengineer（駐場(chǎng)工程師）isabletomaintainqualitycontrol(質(zhì)量保證）.Also,astheengineeringrepresentative（工程代表）onthesite,theresidentengineer（駐場(chǎng)工程師）isabletoassistthecontractors（承包商)andsubcontractors（分包商）whenquestionsariserequiringinterpretation（解釋）oftheplans.Residentengineersarethelinksbetweenthefieldanddesignoffices.5.3Constructionconsultation6.1Constructionmanagement（CM）（施工管理）Constructionmanagement（CM）（施工管理）Duetothegrowth,complexity,andinflationary（通貨膨脹）cost’sspiral（螺旋）ofconstruction,constructionmanagementserviceshaveevolved（逐步形成）bothastraditionalconsultingorcontractingservicesandasmanagementofconstructionprojects.Aconstructionmanager,oftenretained（保留）ataboutthesametimeastheprojectdesigner(項(xiàng)目設(shè)計(jì)師）,maycommence（開(kāi)始）tasksatthebeginningofthedesign.6.1Constructionmanagement（6.2Constructionmanagement（CM）（施工管理）Theservicesofaconstructionmanagermayincludebasicprogramreviewandanalysis,contractor（承包商）selection,detailedconstructioninspection（檢查）,coordination（合作）oftradesandseparateconstructioncontra