2022年考研考博-考博英語-湖南師范大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）試卷號30

住在富人區(qū)的她2022年考研考博-考博英語-湖南師范大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）（圖片可根據(jù)實(shí)際調(diào)整大?。╊}型12345總分得分一.綜合題(共50題)1.單選題

Dr.ElizabethHurdondistinguishedherselfasasurgeonatatimeinwhichmedicalprofessionwas（）male.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.only

B.occasionally

C.predominantly

D.regrettably

【答案】C

【解析】句意：在醫(yī)學(xué)界以男性為主導(dǎo)的時代,ElizabethHurdon博士作為一名外科醫(yī)生而聞名。predominantly主要地,占主導(dǎo)地位地,選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

2.單選題

HeisplanningtogotoTehranto______peacemovesthroughtheIslamicConferenceOrganization.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.publish

B.survey

C.initiate

D.hoist

【答案】C

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)publish“出版，發(fā)布”；B選項(xiàng)survey“審察；測量”；C選項(xiàng)initiate“使開始，發(fā)起；使初步了解”；D選項(xiàng)hoist“吊起，拉高”。句意：他計劃前往德黑蘭通過伊斯蘭會議組織______和平運(yùn)動。這里橫線處搭配peacemoves“和平運(yùn)動”，只有C選項(xiàng)initiate“使開始，發(fā)起”符合題意。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

3.翻譯題

Itismoreimportanttopavethewayforchildren’sdesiretoknowthantoputthemonadietoffactstheyarenotreadytoassimilate.Evenifyoufeelyouhavelittleknowledgeofnatureatyourdisposal,thereisstillmuchyoucandoforyourchild.Whereveryouareandwhateveryourresources,youcanstilllookupatthesky—itsdawnandeveningbeautiesitsmovingclouds,itsstartbynight.Youcanlistentothewind,whetheritblowswithmajesticvoicethroughaforestorsingsamanyvoicedchorusaroundthecornersofyourapartmentbuilding,andinthelisteningyoucangainmagicalreleaseforyourthoughts.Youcanstillfeeltherainonyourfaceandthinkofislongjourneyfromseatoairtoearthandwonderatthemysteriesofnaturalselectionembodiedintheperfumeandflavorofafruit.Evenifyouareacitydweller,youcanfindsomeplace,perhapsaparkoragolfcourse,whereyoucanobservethemysteriousmigrationsofthebirdsandthechangingseasons.Andwithyourchildyoucanponderthemysteryofagrowingseed,evenifit’sjustoneplantedinapotofearthinthekitchenwindow.

【答案】為孩子們的求知欲鋪平道路比讓他們接受他們還沒有準(zhǔn)備好吸收的事實(shí)更重要。即使你覺得你掌握的自然知識甚為寥寥，你仍可以為你的孩子做許多事情。無論你身在何處，不管你智謀高低，你仍然可以仰望天空——看它的拂曉與黃昏之美，看它的游云，看它夜晚時的星光。你可以傾聽風(fēng)的歌聲，無論是用宏偉的歌喉呼嘯著穿過森林，還是在你的公寓大樓拐角處唱著多聲部的合唱。而在傾聽中，你可以讓思想神奇地奔放。你仍然能感覺到打在你臉上的雨點(diǎn)，想著它從大海到天空再到地面的漫長旅程，對水果的芳香所體現(xiàn)的自然選擇的神奇驚嘆不已。即使你居住在城市，也能找到某個地方，也許是公園或是高爾夫球場，在那兒能觀察鳥類神奇莫測的遷徙和四季的交替。你可以和你的孩子一起思索種子生長的奧秘，即使它只是一顆種在廚房窗臺上的一盆泥土之中的種子。

4.單選題

TheannualreviewofAmericancompanyboardpracticesbyKorn/Ferry,afirmofheadhunters,isausefulindicatorofthehealthofcorporategovernance.Thisyear’sreview,publishedonNovember12th,showsthattheSarbanes-Oxleyact,passedin2002totrytopreventarepeatofcorporatecollapsessuchasEnron’sandWorldCom’s,hashadanimpactontheboardroom----albeitatanaverageimplementationcostthatKorn/Ferryestimatesat$5.1mperfirm.

Twoyearsago,only41%ofAmericanfirmssaidtheyregularlyheldmeetingsofdirectorswithouttheirchiefexecutivepresent;thisyearthefigurewas93%.Butsomethingshavebeensurprisinglyunaffectedbythebacklashagainstcorporatescandals.Forexample,despiteagrowingfeelingthatformerchiefexecutivesshouldnotsitontheircompany’sboard,thepercentageofAmericanfirmswheretheydohasactuallyedgedup,from23%in2003to25%in2004.

Also,disappointinglyfewfirmshavesplitthejobsofchairmanandchideexecutive.AnothersurveyofAmericanboardspublishedthisweek,byA.T.Kearney,afirmofconsultants,foundthatin2002,14%oftheboardsofS&P500firmshadseparatedtheroles,andafurther16%saidtheyplannedtodoso.Butby2004only23%overallhadtakentheplunge.AsurveyearlierintheyearbyconsultantsatMcKinseyfoundthat70%ofAmericandirectorsandinvestorssupportedtheideaofsplittingthejobs,whichisstandardpracticeinEurope.

Anotherdisappointmentistheslowprogressinabolishing“staggered”boards—oneswhereonlyone-thirdofthedirectorsareupforre-electioneachyear,tothree-yearterms.Inventedasadefenseagainsttakeover,suchboards,accordingtoanewHarvardLawSchoolstudybyLucianBebchukandAlmaCohen,areunambiguously“associatedwithaneconomicallysignificantreductioninfirmvalue”.

Despitethis,thepercentageofS&P500firmswithstaggeredboardshasfallenonlyslightly----from63%in2001to60%in2003,accordingtotheInvestorResponsibilityResearchCentre.Andmanyofthosefirmsthathavebeenforcedbyshareholderstoabolishthesystemaredoingsoonlyslowly.Merck,apharmaceuticalcompanyintroubleoverthepossibleside-effectsofitsarthritisdrugVioxx,isallowingitsdirectorstoruntheirdulltermbeforeintroducingasysteminwhichtheyareallre-elected(orotherwise)annually.Othercompanies’staggeredboardsareentrenchedintheircorporatecharters,whichcannotbeamendedbyashareholders’vote.Anyonewhoexpectedthescandalsof2001tobringaboutrapidchangeinthebalanceofpowerbetweenmanagersandownerswas,atbest,naive.

1.TheSarbanes-Oxleyactismostprobablyabout（）.

2.Theword“backlash”(Line3,Paragraph2)mostprobablymeans（）.

3.Accordingtothetext,separatingtherolesbetweenchairmanandchiefexecutiveis（）.

4.Welearnfromthetextthata“staggered”board（）.

5.TowardtheboardpracticeofAmericancompanies,thewriter’sattitudecanbesaidtobe（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.corporatescandal

B.corporatemanagement

C.corporatecost

D.corporategovernance

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.aviolentforce

B.astrongimpetus

C.afirmmeasure

D.astrongnegativereaction

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.acommonpracticeinAmericancompanies

B.whatmanyEuropeancompaniesdo

C.amusttokeepthehealthofacompany

D.notapopularideaamongAmericanentrepreneurs

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.isadversetotheincrementoffirmvalue

B.givesitsboardmemberstoomuchpower

C.hasbeenabolishedbymostAmericancompanies

D.canbevoteddownbyshareholders

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.biased

B.pessimistic

C.objective

D.critical

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:A

第5題:D

【解析】1.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段，獵頭公司“光輝國際”(Korn/Ferry)對美國公司董事會做法的年度評估是了解公司治理狀況的一個有用指標(biāo)。薩班斯-奧克斯利法案是為了防止出現(xiàn)像安然和世通等公司垮掉那樣的情況。由此可推斷，該法案是關(guān)于治理公司的，選項(xiàng)D正確。

2.詞語辨析題。根據(jù)句意：一些事情并未受到企業(yè)丑聞強(qiáng)烈負(fù)面反應(yīng)的影響。“backlash”指強(qiáng)烈的負(fù)面反應(yīng)，選項(xiàng)D正確。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第三段的最后一句“70%ofAmericandirectorsandinvestorssupportedtheideaofsplittingthejobs,whichisstandardpracticeinEurope.”70%的美國董事和投資者支持分職的想法，這在歐洲是一種慣例。選項(xiàng)B符合原文。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第四段最后一句“...suchboards,...,areunambiguously“associatedwithaneconomicallysignificantreductioninfirmvalue.”這種（交錯）董事會是為了防范收購而發(fā)明的，但它顯然“與公司價值的顯著降低有關(guān)”。由此可知，“staggered”board不利于企業(yè)價值的增長，選項(xiàng)A符合原文。

5.作者觀點(diǎn)題。根據(jù)原文，作者在第三、四段表達(dá)了對美國公司董事會感到失望，因?yàn)樗鼈冏兓徛?。說明作者對美國公司的董事會是持批評的態(tài)度，選項(xiàng)D正確。

5.單選題

TheChinesepolarexplorerstookeveryprecautionto（）thedangersoftheirtrip.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.minimize

B.extinguish

C.shrink

D.prevent

【答案】A

【解析】句意：中國極地探險者采取了一切預(yù)防措施，把旅行的危險降到了最低。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

6.單選題

Thedetectivewatchedandsawthesuspect______ahotelatthecorneroftheStreet.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.gettingoffthetaxiandwalkinginto

B.gotoffthetaxiandwalkedinto

C.getoffthetaxiandwalkinto

D.gotoffthetaxitowalkinto

【答案】C

【解析】考查非謂語動詞。句意：偵探看著嫌疑犯下了出租車，走進(jìn)了街角的一家旅館。本句謂語動詞是watchedandsaw，橫線處是非謂語動詞，在這里指“看見他下出租車和進(jìn)旅館”的整個過程。watch/seesb.doingsth.“看見某人正在做（瞬間）”，watch/seesb.dosth.“看見某人做了某事（全過程）”，C選項(xiàng)getoffthetaxiandwalkinto符合題意。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

7.單選題

（）theredcellsoftheblood,hemoglobin（血紅蛋白）transportoxygenformthelungtothetissues.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Comparedto

B.Attackedby

C.Confinedto

D.Attributedto

【答案】D

【解析】comparedto與...相比；attachedby附屬于；confinedto局限于,限制于；attributedto由于,歸功于。句意：由于血液中的紅細(xì)胞,血紅蛋白將氧氣從肺輸送到組織。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。

8.單選題

Aviolentthunderstormwas（）asdarkcloudswerecollectingoverhead.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.eminent

B.imminent

C.instantaneous

D.simultaneous

【答案】B

【解析】eminent杰出的；imminent即將來臨的；instantaneous即時的；simultaneous同時的。句意：當(dāng)烏云在頭頂聚集時,一場暴風(fēng)雨即將到來。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

9.單選題

Thechildis______alltheevidenceforhisopinion.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.notencourageeithertobecriticalforhisopinion

B.encouragedeithertobecriticalnortoexamine

C.eitherencouragedtobecriticalortoexamine

D.neitherencouragedtobecriticalnortoexamine

【答案】D

【解析】【試題解析】考查定語從句。句意：孩子______被鼓勵批判，______被鼓勵檢驗(yàn)支持他的觀點(diǎn)的所有證據(jù)。A、B選項(xiàng)用法錯誤；C選項(xiàng)either…or“要么……要么”；D選項(xiàng)neither…nor“既不……也不……”。批判和檢驗(yàn)都有判斷是非對錯的含義，屬于同樣的意思，D選項(xiàng)neither…nor比較符合題意。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

10.單選題

Warmaybeanaturalexpressionofbiologicalinstinctanddrivestowardaggressioninthehumanspecies.Naturalimpulsesofanger,hostility,andterritorialityareexpressedthroughactsofviolence.Theseareallqualitiesthathumanssharewithanimals.Aggressionisakindofinnatesurvivalmechanism,aninstinctforself-preservation,thatallowsanimalstodefendthemselvesfromthreatstotheirexistence.But,notheotherhand,humanviolenceshowsevidenceofbeingalearnedbehavior.Inthecaseofhumanaggression,violencecannotbesimplyreducedtoaninstinct.Themanyexpressionsofhumanviolencearealwaysconditionedbysocialconventionsthatgiveshapetoaggressivebehavior.Inhumansocietiesviolencehasasocialfunction.Itisastrategyforcreatingordestroyingformsofsocialorder.Religioustraditionshavetakenaleadingroleindirectingthepowersofviolence.Wewilllookattheritualandethical(道德上的)patternswithinwhichhumanviolencehasbeendirected.

Theviolencewithinasocietyiscontrolledthroughinstitutionsoflaw.Themoredevelopedalegalsystembecomes,themoreresponsibilitysocietytakesforthediscovery,control,andpunishmentofviolentacts.Inmosttribalsocietiestheonlymeanstodealwithanactofviolenceisrevenge.Eachfamilygroupmayhavetheresponsibilityforpersonallycarryingoutjudgmentandpunishmentuponthepersonwhocommittedtheoffense.Butinlegalsystems,theresponsibilityforrevengebecomesdepersonalizedanddiffuses.Thesocietyassumestheresponsibilityforprotectingindividualsfromviolence.Incaseswheretheycannotbeprotected,thesocietyisresponsibleforimposingpunishment.Inastatecontrolledlegalsystem,individualsareremovedfromthecycleofrevengemotivatedbyactsofviolence,andthestateassumesresponsibilityfortheirprotection.

Theothersideofastatelegalapparatusisastatemilitaryapparatus.Whiletheoneprotectstheindividualfromviolence,theothersacrificestheindividualtoviolenceintheinterestsofthestate.Inwarthestateaffirmssupremepowerovertheindividualswithinitsownborders.Warisnotsimplyatrialbycombattosettledisputesbetweenstates;itisthemomentwhenthestatemakesitsmostpowerfuldemandsuponitspeoplefortheircommitment,allegiance,andsupremesacrifice.Timesofwartestacommunity’sdeepestreligiousandethicalcommitments.

1.Humanviolenceshowsevidenceofbeingalearnedbehaviorinthat（）.

2.Thefunctionoflegalsystems,accordingtothepassageis（）.

3.Whatdoestheauthormeanbysaying“...inlegalsystems,theresponsibilityforrevengebecomesdepersonalizedanddiffused”(Lines5-6,Para2)?

4.Theworld“allegiance”(Line5,Para.3)isclosestinmeaningto（）.

5.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.itthreatenstheexistingsocialsystems

B.itisinfluencedbysociety

C.ithasrootsinreligiousconflicts

D.itisdirectedagainstinstitutionsoflaw

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.tocontrolviolencewithinasociety

B.toprotecttheworldfromchaos

C.tofreesocietyfromtheideaofrevenge

D.togivethegovernmentabsolutepower.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Legalsystemsgreatlyreducethepossibilitiesofphysicalviolence.

B.Offensesagainstindividualsarenolongerjudgedonapersonalbasis.

C.Victimsofviolencefonditmoredifficulttotakerevenge.

D.Punishmentisnotdriedoutdirectlybytheindividualsinvolved.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.loyalty

B.objective

C.survival

D.motive

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Governmentstendtoabusetheirsupremepowerintimesofwar.

B.Intimesofwar,governmentsmayextendtheirpoweracrossnationalborders.

C.Intimesofwar,governmentsimposehighreligiousandethicalstandardsontheirpeople.

D.Governmentsmaysacrificeindividualsintheinterestsofthestateintimesofwar

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:D

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第一段“Themanyexpressionsofhumanviolencearealwaysconditionedbysocialconventionsthatgiveshapetoaggressivebehavior.”人類暴力的許多表現(xiàn)總是由影響進(jìn)攻行為的社會習(xí)俗所決定的。由此可得知，人類的暴力會受社會影響，選項(xiàng)B正確。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第二段第一句“Theviolencewithinasocietyiscontrolledthroughinstitutionsoflaw.”社會中的暴力是通過法律制度來控制的。選項(xiàng)A符合原文。

3.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句“Inastatecontrolledlegalsystem,individualsareremovedfromthecycleofrevengemotivatedbyactsofviolence,andthestateassumesresponsibilityfortheirprotection.”在國家控制的法律制度中，個人被排除在暴力行為引起的報復(fù)循環(huán)之外，國家承擔(dān)保護(hù)他們的責(zé)任。也就是說懲罰不再是由相關(guān)個人直接處理的。選項(xiàng)D符合原文。選項(xiàng)A在文中沒有提及。

4.詞匯題。根據(jù)可知“allegiance”應(yīng)與“commitment”“supremesacrifice”意思相近，再根據(jù)句意可知，選項(xiàng)A更符合原文語境。句意：這是國家向人民提出最強(qiáng)有力的要求，要求他們作出承諾、忠誠和最大的犧牲的時刻。

5.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段第二句“Whiletheoneprotectstheindividualfromviolence,theothersacrificestheindividualtoviolenceintheinterestsofthestate.”一方面（國家）保護(hù)個人不受暴力侵害，另一方面又為了國家的利益使個人犧牲在暴力之下。選項(xiàng)D符合原文。

11.單選題

Acycleridewalkorswimatleastthreetimesaweekwill______yourcirculationandhelpmaintainahealthybloom.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.boost

B.heighten

C.compel

D.renew

【答案】A

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)boost“促進(jìn)”；B選項(xiàng)heighten“提高”；C選項(xiàng)compel“強(qiáng)迫”；D選項(xiàng)renew“更換；重新開始”。句意：每周至少騎三次自行車，散步或游泳，可以______你的血液循環(huán)，幫助保持健康的血液循環(huán)。橫線處和yourcirculation“你的血液循環(huán)”形成動賓關(guān)系，只有A選項(xiàng)boost“促進(jìn)”符合題意。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

12.單選題

Ifyoustandontopofacliffbookingdownadeepvalley,you’llfeel（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.uncomfortable

B.dizzy

C.sick

D.feeble

【答案】B

【解析】uncomfortable不舒服的；dizzy頭暈?zāi)垦５?；sick惡心的；feeble虛弱的。句意：如果你站在懸崖頂端往下看深谷，你會感到頭暈?zāi)垦！＿x項(xiàng)B更符合語境。

13.單選題

Thefirestartedonthefirstfloorofthehospital______wereelderlyandweak.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.manyofitspatients

B.manyofwhichpatients

C.manypatientsofwhom

D.manyofwhosepatients

【答案】D

【解析】考查定語從句。句意：大火從醫(yī)院的一樓開始蔓延，在一樓有許多年老體弱的病人。橫線到句尾部分是修飾firstfloor的定語從句，patients和firstfloor是所屬關(guān)系，用引導(dǎo)詞whose，D選項(xiàng)manyofwhosepatients符合題意。A選項(xiàng)中its不是引導(dǎo)詞，不引導(dǎo)從句；B選項(xiàng)中which不表示所屬關(guān)系；C選項(xiàng)中whom用在先行詞是人的情況。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

14.單選題

Thediscussionhasbeenunexpectedlygoingforthreehours,andI’mafraidtheywill（）itstilllonger.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.extend

B.lengthen

C.stretch

D.protract

【答案】D

【解析】extend延伸,擴(kuò)大；lengthen延長,加長；stretch伸展,延伸；protract（時間）延長。句意：討論出乎意料地進(jìn)行了三個小時,恐怕他們會把時間拖得更長。只有選項(xiàng)D表示時間延長,符合語境。

15.單選題

Evensensiblemendo（）thingssometimes.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.abrupt

B.absurd

C.acute

D.apt

【答案】B

【解析】abrupt生硬的，唐突的；absurd荒謬的，可笑的；acute嚴(yán)重的，激烈的；apt恰當(dāng)?shù)模`敏的。句意：即使明智的人有時也會做荒唐的事。選項(xiàng)B符合語境。

16.單選題

Nylonisa(n)（）material;itcanbeusedtomakeagreatmanythings.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.compound

B.imitation

C.versatile

D.crystal

【答案】C

【解析】compound復(fù)合的；imitation人造的，仿制的；versatile多用的，萬能的；crystal水晶的，透明的。根據(jù)下句：尼龍可以用來做很多東西，說明尼龍用途廣泛，選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

17.單選題

TherapidgrowthofFlorida’scitieshascausedthestate’sroadsandhighwaystobecome（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.wornout

B.impassable

C.congested

D.muffled

【答案】C

【解析】wornout疲憊不堪的,耗盡的；impassable不能通行的；congested堵塞的,擁擠的；muffled聽不清的,蒙住的。句意：佛羅里達(dá)州城市的快速發(fā)展導(dǎo)致該州的道路和高速公路變得擁擠不堪。選項(xiàng)C符合語境。

18.單選題

Allthingsintheuniverseareinterrelatedand（）witheachother.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.intervene

B.interfere

C.interrupt

D.interact

【答案】D

【解析】intervene干涉，插入；interfere妨礙，打擾；interrupt闖入，打斷；interact相互影響，相互作用。根據(jù)句意可知，這里指世界上所有的事物都是相互聯(lián)系，相互影響的。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。

19.單選題

Inhisfifties,Dr.Brownbecamedirectorofthechemicalcompany,apositionhe（）fortherestofhislife.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.attained

B.cherished

C.expanded

D.retained

【答案】D

【解析】attain達(dá)到,實(shí)現(xiàn)；cherish珍愛；expand擴(kuò)大；retain保持。句意：50歲時,Brown博士成為這家化學(xué)公司的董事,他在這個職位上呆了一輩子。只有選項(xiàng)D符合語境。

20.單選題

Whenwedrovealong,wesawheavywispsofsmokefromfactorychimneys（）upintotheair.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.ascending

B.fluctuating

C.spiraling

D.charging

【答案】A

【解析】ascendupinto...為固定搭配，表示“上升，升向”。這里指煙囪里的煙升向天空，選項(xiàng)A正確。

21.單選題

Ishalltellhimthetruth,______.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.nomatterwhetherhelikesitornot

B.whetherhelikesitornot

C.nomatterhelikesitornot

D.whetherhewouldlikeitornot

【答案】A

【解析】考查狀語從句。句意：不管他喜不喜歡，我都會告訴他真相。nomatter與疑問詞who，what，where，when，how，if，whether等連用，意為“無論，不管”，可引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，A選項(xiàng)nomatterwhetherhelikesitornot符合題意。B選項(xiàng)中whether意思為“（表示遲疑或兩個可能性之間的選擇）是否”，不符合語境；C選項(xiàng)中nomatter意思為“不要緊”，用法錯誤；D選項(xiàng)中whether用法錯誤。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

22.單選題

Ticketsforthefirstthreerowsarenotavailabletothoseofordinarysocialstanding;theyare（

）

forcelebrities.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.retained

B.occupied

C.preserved

D.reserved

【答案】D

【解析】retained保留,保存；occupied占用；preserved保藏；reserved預(yù)訂,保留。句意：社會地位一般的人買不到前三排的票;它們是為名人保留的。選項(xiàng)D符合語境。

23.單選題

Heistheonlypersonwhocan（）inthiscasebecausetheotherwitnesseswerekilledmysteriously.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.testify

B.charge

C.accuse

D.rectify

【答案】A

【解析】testify作證；charge負(fù)責(zé)；accuse指控；rectify改正。句意：句意：他是唯一能為這個案件作證的人，因?yàn)槠渌C人都被神秘殺害了。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

24.單選題

Atlastsheleftherhouseandhurriedtotheairportonly______theplaneflyingaway.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.saw

B.seen

C.seeing

D.tosee

【答案】D

【解析】考查非謂語動詞。句意：最后她離開了家，匆忙趕往機(jī)場，卻只看見飛機(jī)飛走了。only+現(xiàn)在分詞（短語）和only+不定式（短語）都可作結(jié)果狀語，跟現(xiàn)在分詞往往表示一種自然的合乎邏輯的結(jié)果，而跟不定式往往表示一種出乎意料的或令人失望的結(jié)果，僅限于少數(shù)終止性動詞，如find，hear，learn，make，see等。only到句尾部分是結(jié)果狀語，匆忙趕往機(jī)場卻未能如愿登機(jī)，是令人失望的結(jié)果，D選項(xiàng)tosee符合題意。A選項(xiàng)saw是一般過去時，作謂語動詞，不作非謂語動詞；B選項(xiàng)seen是過去分詞，不單獨(dú)使用；C選項(xiàng)onlyseeing表示合乎邏輯的結(jié)果，含有意料之中的意思，不存在失望的情況，不符合語境。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

25.單選題

Ifonebrandofcomputeris（）withanotherbrand,theycanbeusedtogetherandcanusethesamesoftware.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.competent

B.compulsory

C.comparable

D.compatible

【答案】D

【解析】competent勝任的,有能力的；compulsory義務(wù)的,必修的；comparable同等的,可比較的；compatible兼容的,能共處的。句意：如果一個品牌的電腦與另一個品牌的電腦兼容,它們就可以一起使用,并且可以使用相同的軟件。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。

26.單選題

ThetryptophanintheThanksgivingturkeyhad______effect,inducingsleepinthosewhoconsumedit.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.aninvigorating

B.depreciatory

C.hypnotic

D.lethal

【答案】C

【解析】考查定語從句。A選項(xiàng)aninvigorating“使精力充沛的”；B選項(xiàng)depreciatory“貶值的”；C選項(xiàng)hypnotic“有催眠作用的；安眠的”；D選項(xiàng)lethal“致命的”。句意：感恩節(jié)火雞中的色氨酸有______的作用，能讓吃火雞的人入睡。色氨酸可以讓人們?nèi)胨?，可見有讓人產(chǎn)生困意的作用，C選項(xiàng)hypnotic“有催眠作用的；安眠的”符合題意。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

27.單選題

Companiesspendmillionsofdollarsonadsandcommercials,tryingto（）theAmericanpublicintopurchasingtheirproducts.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.misplace

B.mock

C.maneuver

D.manifest

【答案】C

【解析】misplace放錯地方；mock嘲笑；maneuver調(diào)動,調(diào)遣；manifest證明,顯示。句意：公司花費(fèi)數(shù)百萬美元在廣告和商業(yè)上,試圖調(diào)動美國民眾購買他們的產(chǎn)品。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

28.單選題

Everyoneintheauditoriumwasweepingbythetimehefinishedhis（）tale.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.sympathetic

B.pathetic

C.synthetic

D.interesting

【答案】B

【解析】sympathetic同情的；pathetic悲慘的；synthetic綜合的，人造的；interesting有趣的。根據(jù)句意可知，觀眾們都哭了，說明這是一個悲慘的故事。選項(xiàng)B更符合語境。

29.單選題

Wemustensurearationalproportionbetween（）andconsumption.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.conformation

B.acceleration

C.coordination

D.accumulation

【答案】D

【解析】conformation構(gòu)造,一致；acceleration加速,促進(jìn)；coordination協(xié)調(diào),對等；accumulation積聚,累積。根據(jù)句意可知,這里應(yīng)填入consumption的反義詞,只有選項(xiàng)D符合語境。

30.翻譯題

長城是人類創(chuàng)造的世界奇跡之一。如果你到了中國卻沒去過長城，就像到了巴黎沒去看菲爾鐵塔(EiffelTower)，或者就像到了埃及沒去看金字塔一樣。人們常說：“不到長城非好漢?！睂?shí)際上，長城最初只是一些斷斷續(xù)續(xù)的城墻，直到秦朝統(tǒng)一中國后才將其連接成長城。然而，今天我們看到的長城——東起山海關(guān)，西至嘉峪關(guān)——大部分都是在明代修建的。

【答案】TheGreatWallisoneofthewondersoftheworldthatcreatedbyhumanbeings!IfyoucometoChinawithoutclimbingtheGreatWall,it’sjustlikegoingPariswithoutvisitingtheEiffelTower;orgoingtoEgyptwithoutvisitingthePyramids!Menoftensay,“HewhohasneverbeentotheGreatWallisnotatrueman.”Infact,itbeganasindependentwallsfordifferentstateswhenitwasfirstbuilt,anddidnotbecomethe“GreatWall”untiltheQinDynasty.However,thewallweseetoday,startingfromShanhaiguanPassintheeasttoJiayuguanPassinthewest,wasmostlybuiltduringtheMingDynasty.

31.單選題

Opponentsofaffirmativeactionsaythebattleovertheuseofraceincollegeadmissionsishardlyover,despitetheSupremeCourt’srulingMondayupholdingthegoalofadiversestudentbody.Highereducationleadersoverwhelminglyhailedthedecision,sayingitreaffirmedpoliciesusedbymustselectivecollegesanduniversities.Butsomecriticsraisedthepossibilityofmorelawsuits,andpromisedtocontinuepressuringtheDepartmentofEducation’sOfficeofCivilRightstoinvestigatequestionablepolicies.“We’retalkingaboutadmissionsprograms,scholarships,anyprogram...onlyforminoritiesorinwhichthestandardsusedtojudgeadmissionsaresubstantiallydifferent.”saysLindaChavez,founderandpresidentoftheCenterforEqualOpportunity,aconservativenon-profitgroup.

Otherssaythey’lltaketheircasetovoters.“Wehavetoseriouslycontestallthisattheballotbox.”saysUniversityofCaliforniaregentWardConnerly,whohelpedwinvoterapprovalofCalifornia’sProposition209,whichprohibitsconsideringraceorgenderinpubliceducation,hiringandcontracting.Becauseofthatlaw,Monday’srulinghadnopracticalimpactinthestate.“Itmaybetimeforusto...letthe(Michigan)votersdecideiftheywanttouseraceasafactorinadmissions.”Connerlysaid.

Meanwhile,U.S.EducationSecretaryRodPaige,consistentwithPresidentBush’sstanceopposingaffirmativeaction,saidtheDepartmentofEducationwill“continueexaminingandhighlightingeffectiverace-neutralapproachestoensurebroadaccesstoanddiversitywithinourpublicinstitutions”.EvenSupremeCourtJusticeSandraDayO’Connor,inoneoftheopinions,recommendedthatstateslookforlessonsinrace-neutralprogramsbeingtriedinCaliforniaandelsewhere.Whiletherulingsaidadmissionsofficialsmayconsiderraceintheselectionprocess,collegesanduniversitiesarenotobligatedtodoso.“Ultimatelyinthedebate,diversityisachoice,notalegalmandate.”saysArthurColeman,aformerDepartmentofEducationofficialwhonowhelpscollegesanduniversitiesensureconstitutionalpolicies.

Thepublic,too,remainsconflicted,largelyalongraciallines.AccordingtoaJanuarypollbythenonprofitresearchorganizationPublicAgenda,79%ofAmericanssaiditisimportantforcollegestohavearaciallydiversestudentbody,whilejust54%saidaffirmativeactionprogramsshouldcontinue.InaGalluppollconducteddaysbeforetheruling,49%ofadultssaidtheyfavoraffirmativeactionand43%didnot,withblacksandHispanicsfarmorelikelytofavorthepracticethanwhites.AndsomeeducatorsdoubtthatwithMonday’sruling,thoseopposingaffirmativeactionwillchangetheirminds.

Fornow,admissionsofficialsanduniversitylawyersareporingovertherulingtodeterminehoworwhethertoadjustpolicies.Whilemosttendtobeclosed-mouthedaboutadmissionspolicies,manysaytheydon’texpectsignificantchanges.

1.Whatthecriticssaidinthefirstparagraphamountstotheideathat________.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.noadmissionpoliciesbasedonraceshouldbeimplemented

B.minorityapplicantsshouldbegivenfavorableconsiderations

C.differentstandardsforadmittingminoritystudentsshouldbesetup

D.selectivecollegesanduniversitiesshouldbepunishedfortheirdiscriminatorypolicies

【答案】C

【解析】推理判斷題。

找句內(nèi)線索

根據(jù)題干定位到第一段最后一句We’retalkingaboutadmissionsprograms,scholarships,anyprogram…onlyforminoritiesorinwhichthestandardsusedtojudgeadmissionsaresubstantiallydifferent.（我們談?wù)摗贿m用于少數(shù)族裔的招生、獎學(xué)金等項(xiàng)目，或在這些方面錄取標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的不同。），可知批評人士認(rèn)為針對少數(shù)族裔，錄取標(biāo)準(zhǔn)應(yīng)當(dāng)不同，C選項(xiàng)“錄取少數(shù)種族學(xué)生的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)應(yīng)該不同”正確。

排除干擾項(xiàng)

A選項(xiàng)“不應(yīng)執(zhí)行基于種族考慮的錄取政策”：他們認(rèn)為少數(shù)族裔的錄取標(biāo)準(zhǔn)應(yīng)該不同，參考了種族因素，屬于反向干擾。

B選項(xiàng)“少數(shù)民族申請人應(yīng)當(dāng)優(yōu)先考慮”：錄取標(biāo)準(zhǔn)不同不等于優(yōu)先考慮，屬于過度推斷。

D選項(xiàng)“名牌大學(xué)應(yīng)該因?yàn)樗麄兊钠缫曅哉叨艿綉土P”：根據(jù)第一段第一、二句theSupremeCourt’srulingMondayupholdingthegoalofadiversestudentbody.Highereducationleadersoverwhelminglyhailedthedecision,sayingitreaffirmedpoliciesusedbymustselectivecollegesanduniversities.（最高法院周一的裁決支持多元化學(xué)生群體的目標(biāo)。高等教育領(lǐng)袖們對這一決定表示了極大的歡迎，稱這再次肯定了名牌大學(xué)所采用的政策。），可知名牌大學(xué)沒有歧視行為，屬于反向干擾。

32.單選題

Ifyouhaveanyclothes______today,givethemtome.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.towash

B.tobewashed

C.forwashing

D.beingwashed

【答案】A

【解析】考查非謂語動詞。句意：如果你今天有衣服要洗，就給我。在固定句型have(give,show)sth.todo中，不定式與前邊的名詞有動賓關(guān)系，又和句中另一名詞或代詞構(gòu)成主謂關(guān)系，動詞不定式作定語，用主動形式表被動意義，A選項(xiàng)towash符合題意。其余選項(xiàng)用法錯誤。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

33.單選題

Hegaveusan（）consenttotaketheapples,forhesmiledwhenhesawusdoit

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.exaggerated

B.implicit

C.impartial

D.extravagant

【答案】B

【解析】exaggerated夸張的；implicit含蓄的,暗示的；impartial公正的；extravagant奢侈的,浪費(fèi)的。句意：他默許我們拿走蘋果,因?yàn)楫?dāng)他看到我們這樣做時,他笑了。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

34.單選題

Cropsdiesduringthe（）,resultinginfaminethroughoutthecountry.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.adversity

B.disaster

C.drought

D.calamity

【答案】C

【解析】adversity災(zāi)難，逆境，不幸；disaster災(zāi)禍；drought干旱；calamity災(zāi)難，不幸事件。根據(jù)句意可知，莊稼應(yīng)該是在旱季才會死亡，所以選項(xiàng)C符合語境。

35.單選題

John（）onhismistakelongafterthetestwasover.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.considered

B.dwelt

C.contemplate

D.figured

【答案】B

【解析】dwellon為固定搭配，指“細(xì)想，凝思”。句意：測試結(jié)束后很久，約翰還在想著他的錯誤。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

36.單選題

Allthepeopleinthestadiumcheeredupwhentheysawhundredsofcolorfulballoons（）slowlyintothesky.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.ascending

B.elevating

C.lifting

D.lingering

【答案】A

【解析】ascend上升；elevate提升，舉起；lift提升，舉起；linger徘徊。根據(jù)句意可知這里指氣球慢慢上升到空中，選項(xiàng)A符合語境。

37.翻譯題

現(xiàn)在越來越盛行送十幾歲的小孩子到國外留學(xué)，人數(shù)在急劇增加。他們的家長對國外的教育抱有不切實(shí)際的幻想。外國院校舉辦的教育展覽把國外的學(xué)校說的天花亂墜，使他們聽了介紹之后便心動變?yōu)樾袆印?/p>

可是，把小孩子送到國外學(xué)習(xí)并不一定帶來好的結(jié)果。許多學(xué)生缺乏適應(yīng)性和靈活性，他們很難融入到國外新的環(huán)境，由于在文化上難以適應(yīng)，即缺乏在國外陌生環(huán)境下生存的能力，他們往往會受到所謂“文化震蕩”的沖擊。缺乏必要的觀察能力，使他們難以理解東道主國家人民的行為表現(xiàn)，他們也就無法與當(dāng)?shù)厝舜虺梢黄狈m應(yīng)性以及交流和交往能力必然會使自己感到孤立。

感到孤獨(dú)和生活上不能自理，他們會經(jīng)常想家和情緒低落。更重要的是，由于他們在學(xué)習(xí)上沒有打好堅實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)，不能適應(yīng)外語環(huán)境下的學(xué)習(xí)，由于他們?nèi)狈Κ?dú)立學(xué)習(xí)的能力，所以就不可能取得所期望的進(jìn)步。

于是，許多人便不得不半途而廢，放棄來之不易的學(xué)習(xí)機(jī)會。因此，過早地送小孩子到國外學(xué)習(xí)不一定是件好事情。

如果想要孩子到國外去見見世面，可以讓他們集體參加短期的國外游學(xué)項(xiàng)目，住在外國人的家里，參加暑期班的學(xué)習(xí)，在所在地開展一些旅游活動，但這些團(tuán)組必須有專門的老師陪同，提供全程性的指導(dǎo)和幫助。

【答案】Thereisagrowingtrendofsendingteenagestudentsabroadtostudy—thenumberhasbeenincreasingdramatically.Theirparentshaveunrealisticillusionsaboutforeigneducation.Attractedbytheeducationalexhibitionspresentedbyforeignuniversitiesandcollegeswhichpaintmanyrosypicturesandtellmanyglowtales,theyarepromptedintoaction.

However,sendingchildrentostudyabroaddoesn’tnecessarilyproducegoodoutcomes.Manyyoungstudentslackadaptabilityandflexibility.Theyfindithardtoadaptthemselvestonewenvironmentinforeigncountries.Becauseofthelackofculturaltoughness——theabilitytoliveinanalienculture,theyusuallysufferfromtheso-called“culturalshock”.Withoutadequateperceptualability—theabilitytounderstandwhythehost-countrypeoplebehaveastheydo,theyfinditdifficulttoempathizewiththem.Andduetothelackofself-orientation,theabilitytocommunicateandinteracteffectivelywithhost-countrynationals,theytendtofindthemselvesisolated.

Feelinglonelyandbeingunabletotakecareofthemselvesmakethemhomesickanddowninspirits.Andmoreimportantly,becausetheseyoungstudentsdon'thaveasoundacademicfoundationandtheabilitytopursuestudyinaforeignlanguage,theydon'tknowhowtoworkindependentlyandoftenfailtomaketheprogresstheydesire.

Therefore,manystudentshavetogiveuptheirhard-earnedlearningopportunityhalfway.Hence,sendingchildrentostudyabroadwhentheyarestillyoungisnotnecessarilyagoodthing.

Ifparentswanttobroadenthevisionoftheirchildren,itisadvisabletos