2022年考研考博-考博英語-中國藝術(shù)研究院考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）試卷號3

住在富人區(qū)的她2022年考研考博-考博英語-中國藝術(shù)研究院考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）（圖片可根據(jù)實際調(diào)整大小）題型12345總分得分一.綜合題(共50題)1.單選題

Theseactorsfailedtocarryoutsomeoftheprovisionsofthecontract,andnowtheyhaveto（）theconsequences.

問題1選項

A.answerfor

B.runinto

C.abideby

D.stepinto

【答案】A

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A選項answerfor“因……受罰，對……負責(zé)”；B選項runinto“遭遇，撞上”；C選項abideby“遵守，承擔(dān)……的后果”；D選項stepinto“進入”。句意：這些演員沒有履行合同中的某些條款，現(xiàn)在他們必須對此結(jié)果負責(zé)。選項A符合語境。

2.單選題

Therecitalist'sperformancewasadelightfullyfreeandintrospectiveone;nevertheless,itwasalso,seeminglyparadoxically,quite（）.

問題1選項

A.appealing

B.controlled

C.idiosyncratic

D.unskilled

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項appealing“吸引人的”；B選項controlled“受控制的”；C選項idiosyncratic“特殊的”；D選項unskilled“不熟練的”。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵信息“paradoxically”可知，填空處填入的詞應(yīng)和前面所表達的意思相反，所以選項B符合語境。句意：獨奏者的表演是一場無拘無束的、令人愉快的、內(nèi)省的表演。然而，看似矛盾的是，它也受到了相當?shù)目刂?。選項B正確。

3.單選題

AlandingonMarsiswithinthe（）ofcurrentphysicaltheory.

問題1選項

A.scheme

B.scope

C.scrap

D.scale

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項scheme“計劃，詭計”；B選項scope“范圍，視野”；C選項scrap“碎片，殘余物”；D選項scale“規(guī)模，比例”。句意：在火星上著陸在目前物理理論的范圍之內(nèi)。選項B符合語境。

4.單選題

Althoughhewasknowntobeextremelyreservedinhispublicbehavior,scholarshavediscoveredthathisdiarieswerewrittenwithuncommonfrankness.

問題1選項

A.aloof

B.tender

C.lucid

D.reticent

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。句意：雖然大家都知道他在公開場合極其保守，但學(xué)者們發(fā)現(xiàn)他的日記寫得非常坦率。A選項aloof“冷淡的，遠離的，冷漠的”；B選項tender“溫柔的”；C選項lucid“易懂的”；D選項reticent“沉默的，謹慎的，有保留的”。reserved意為“保守的，保留的”，選項D與之意思最為接近，代入符合語境。

5.單選題

FamedsingerStevieWondercan’tseehisfansdancingathisconcerts.Hecan’tseethehandsofhisaudienceastheyapplaudwildlyattheendofhissuperstition.

Blindfrombirth,Wonderhaswaitedhiswholelifeforachancetosee.Recently,WondervisitedMarkHumayan,avisionspecialist.HethoughtthatanewdevicecurrentlybeingstudiedbyHumayanmightofferhimthatchance.

Thedevice,aretinalprosthesis,isatinycomputerchipimplantedinsideapatient’seye.Thechipsendsimagestothebrainandallowssomesightlesspeopletoseeshapesandcolors.Wonderhopedtheretinalprosthesismightworkforhim.“I’vealwayssaidthatifeverthere’spossibilityofmyseeing,”saidWonder,“thenIwouldtakethechallenge.”

UnfortunatelyforWonder,thatchallengewillhavetowait.Humayanexplainedthatthedeviceisn’treadyforpeoplewhohavebeenblindsincebirth.Theirbrainsmaynotbeabletohandlesignalsfromaretinalprosthesisbecausetheirbrainshaveneverhandledsignalsfromahealthyeye.

Theretinalprosthesisandotherdevices,however,showgreatpromiseinhelpingmanyothersightlesspeoplewhooncehadvisionseeagain.Perhapsonedaysoon,someformerlysightlesspeoplemaybeinWonder’saudiencelookingup—andseeinghim—fortheveryfirsttime.

Wonder’swillingnesstotakepartinretinalprosthesisstudiesandtheresultsofthosestudiesaregivingnewhopetopeoplewhothoughttheywouldbeblindfortherestoftheirlives.MorethanonemillionpeopleintheUnitedStatesareconsideredlegallyblind,meaningthattheireyesightisseverelyimpaired.Anotheronemillionaretotallyblind.

Twotypesofspecializedcellsintheretina—rodsandcones—arecriticalforpropervision.Lightenterstheeyeandfallsontherodsandconesintheretina.Thosecellsconvertthelighttoelectricalsignalswhichtravelthroughtheopticnervetothebrain.Thebraininterpretsthosesignalsasvisualimages.Rodsdetectlightatlowlevelsofillumination.Forinstance,rodsallowyoutoseefaintshadowsindimmoonlight.Cones,ontheotherhand,aremostsensitivetocolor.Somediseasescandamagecellsintheretina.Forinstance,maculardegenerationcausesblindnessandothervisionproblemsin700,000peopleintheUnitedStateseachyear.Theconditioniscausedbyalackofadequatebloodsupplytothecentralpartoftheretina.Withoutblood,therods,cones,andothercellsintheretinadie.

Devicessuchastheretinalprostheseswon’tpreventorcureoureyediseases,buttheymayhelppatientswhohaveeyedisordersregainsomeoftheirvision.Differentformsofretinalprosthesesarecurrentlybeingdeveloped.Ononetype,atinycomputerchipisembeddedintheeye.Thechiphasagridofabout2,500light-sensingelementscalledpixels.

Lightenteringtheeyestrikesthepixels,whichconvertthelightintoelectricalsignals.Thepixelsthensendtheelectricalsignalstonervecellsbehindtheretina.Thosecellssendsignalsviatheopticnervetothebrainforinterpretation.

Manypeoplewhohavehadaretinalprosthesisimplantedsaytheycanseeshapes,colors,andmovementsthattheycouldn’tseebefore.“Itwasgreat,”saidHaroldChurchey,whoreceivedhisretinalprosthesis15yearsafterhebecametotallyblind.“Toseelightaftersolong—itwasjustwonderful.Itwasjustlikeswitchingalighton.”

1.WhydidSteveWondervisitMarkHumayan?

2.WhomisMark'sretinalprosthesisreadyfor?

3.Fordetectingcolors,wedepend,inthefirstplace,on（）

4.Whydoesmaculardegenerationcauseblindnessandothervisionproblems?

5.Whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutthefunctionofretinalprosthesisistrueaccordingtothepassage?

問題1選項

A.HethoughtMark'sdevicemightrecoverhiseyesight.

B.HethoughtMarkmightneedhishelpindevelopingthedevice.

C.HethoughtMarkmightwanttolistentohisSuperstition.

D.HethoughtMarkmightimplantachipintohisrighteye.

問題2選項

A.Forthosewhohavebeenblindfrombirth.

B.Forthosewhostillhavefaintvision.

C.Fortheblindwhooncehadeyesight.

D.Forthosewhostillhaveonehealthyeye.

問題3選項

A.interpretationbythebrain.

B.conesoftheretina.

C.rodsoftheretina.

D.opticnerve.

問題4選項

A.Maculardegenerationcausesimproperinterpretationbythebrain.

B.Maculardegenerationmakestheretinalesssensitivetothelight.

C.Maculardegenerationchangesthefunctionsofrodsandcones.

D.Maculardegenerationcausesinadequatesupplyofbloodintheretina.

問題5選項

A.Itcanpreventsomeeyedisorders.

B.Itcancuresomeeyedisorders.

C.Itcanhelprecovereyesighttosomedegree.

D.Itcanrepairthedamagedcones.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:D

第5題:C

【解析】1.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)原文第二段的內(nèi)容“Wonder自打出生眼睛就看不見，他一生都在等待一個機會。最近，Wonder拜訪了視力專家MarkHumayan。他認為目前Humayan正在研究的一種新裝置可能會給他提供這個機會?！庇纱丝芍琒teveWonder拜訪MarkHumayan的原因是他認為MarkHumayan的設(shè)備可能會恢復(fù)他的視力，選項A正確。

2.判斷推理題。根據(jù)第五段的第一句“Theretinalprosthesisandotherdevices,however,showgreatpromiseinhelpingmanyothersightlesspeoplewhooncehadvisionseeagain.然而，視網(wǎng)膜假體和其他裝置在幫助許多曾經(jīng)有過視力的盲人重見光明方面展現(xiàn)出了巨大的希望?！庇纱丝赏茢?，Mark的視網(wǎng)膜假體裝置是為那些曾經(jīng)有過良好視力的人準備的，所以選項C符合原文。

3.判斷推理題。根據(jù)原文第七段的內(nèi)容可知，視網(wǎng)膜中有兩種特殊的細胞對正常的視力至關(guān)重要——桿狀細胞和視錐細胞。第七段還提及“Cones,ontheotherhand,aremostsensitivetocolor.另一方面，視錐細胞對顏色最敏感?！庇纱丝芍x項B正確。

4.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“maculardegeneration”定位到第七段后半部分的內(nèi)容“Forinstance,maculardegenerationcausesblindnessandothervisionproblemsin700,000peopleintheUnitedStateseachyear.Theconditioniscausedbyalackofadequatebloodsupplytothecentralpartoftheretina.Withoutblood,therods,cones,andothercellsintheretinadie.例如，黃斑變性導(dǎo)致美國每年有70萬人失明和其他視力問題。這種情況是由于缺乏足夠的血液供應(yīng)到視網(wǎng)膜的中央部分。沒有血液，視網(wǎng)膜中的桿狀細胞、視錐細胞和其他細胞就會死亡?！庇纱丝芍?，選項D符合原文。

5.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)第八段的首句“Devicessuchastheretinalprostheseswon’tpreventorcureoureyediseases,buttheymayhelppatientswhohaveeyedisordersregainsomeoftheirvision.像視網(wǎng)膜假體這樣的設(shè)備不能預(yù)防或治愈我們的眼病，但它們可以幫助有視力障礙的患者重獲一些視力。”由此可知，視網(wǎng)膜假體能在一定程度上幫助恢復(fù)視力，所以選項C符合原文。

6.單選題

Manyofherfollowersremain（loyal）toher,andeventhosewhohaverejectedherleadership.

問題1選項

A.obedient

B.friendly

C.faithful

D.sympathetic

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。句意：她的許多追隨者仍然效忠于她，即使是那些不滿她領(lǐng)導(dǎo)能力的人也不例外。A選項obedient“順從的”；B選項friendly“友好的”；C選項faithful“忠誠的”；D選項sympathetic“同情的”。loyal意為“忠誠的”，選項C與之意思相近，符合語境。

7.單選題

AsforAnn,Iamnotsureabouther（）inItalian.

問題1選項

A.fluency

B.clarity

C.coherence

D.excellency

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項fluency“（語言，文章）流利”；B選項clarity“清晰，清楚”；C選項coherence“一致，連貫性”；D選項excellency“優(yōu)點，美德”。句意：至于安，我不確定她的意大利語是否流利。選項A符合語境。

8.單選題

MostbroadcastersmaintainthatTVhasbeenunfairlycriticizedandarguethatthepowerofmediumis（）.

問題1選項

A.granted

B.implied

C.exaggerated

D.remedied

【答案】C

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項grant“授予，允許”；B選項imply“暗示”；C選項exaggerate“夸大”；D選項remedy“補救，糾正”。句意：大多數(shù)廣播公司認為電視受到了不公正的批評，認為媒體的力量被夸大了。選項C符合語境。

9.單選題

Whenfacedwithdoubtsfromsomeadvisersontheattemptedinvasion,thepresidentignoredthem.

問題1選項

A.failedtonotice

B.putupwith

C.stoodupfor

D.refusedtoconsider

【答案】A

【解析】考查詞組辨析。根據(jù)句意：當面對一些顧問對入侵企圖的質(zhì)疑時，總統(tǒng)……了他們。ignore意為“忽略，忽視”。A選項failtonotice“沒有注意到”；B選項putupwith“容忍，忍受”；C選項standupfor“支持，擁護”；D選項refusetoconsider“拒絕考慮”。選項A與之意思最為接近，代入符合語境。

10.單選題

Thesingerusedtoplaybadmintonwithyou,（）?

問題1選項

A.didn’the

B.usedhe

C.didhe

D.goneoff

【答案】A

【解析】考查反義疑問句。陳述部分的謂語是usedto，疑問部分要用didn't+主語或usedn’t+主語。所以只有選項A正確。

11.單選題

Becausethemonkeysunderstudyarehabituatedtothepresenceofhumanbeings,theytypicallydisregardhumanobserversandgoabouttheirbusiness.

問題1選項

A.welcome

B.ignore

C.disrespect

D.avoid

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞辨析。句意：因為被研究的猴子已經(jīng)習(xí)慣了人類的存在，它們通常不理會人類的觀察，只顧自己的事。A選項welcome“歡迎”；B選項ignore“忽視，不理睬”；C選項disrespect“失禮，不敬”；D選項avoid“避免”。disregard意為“忽視，無視”，選項B與之意思相近，代入符合語境。

12.單選題

TheInternet,E-commerceandglobalizationaremakinganeweconomicerapossible.Inthefuture,capitalistmarketswilllargelybereplacedbyanewkindofeconomicsystembasedonnetworkedrelationships,contractualarrangementsandaccessrights.

Hasthequalityofourlivesatwork,athomeandinourcommunitiesincreasedindirectproportiontoallthenewInternetandbusiness-to-businessInternetservicesbeingintroducedintoourlives?IhaveaskedthisquestionofhundredsofCEOSandcorporateexecutivesinEuropeandtheUnitedStates.Surprisingly,virtuallyeveryonehassaid,“No,quitecontrary.”Theverypeopleresponsibleforusheringinwhatsomehavecalleda“technologicalrenaissance”saytheyareworkinglongerhours,feelmorestressed,aremoreimpatient,andareevenlesscivilintheirdealingswithcolleaguesandfriends—nottomentionstrangers.Andwhat'smorerevealing,theyplacemuchoftheblameontheverysametechnologiestheyaresoaggressivelychampioning.

Thetechnoguruspromisedusthataccesswouldmakelifemoreconvenientandgiveusmoretime.Instead,theverytechnologicalwondersthatweresupposedtoliberateushavebeguntoenslaveusinawebofconnectionsfromwhichthereseemstobenoeasyescape.

Ifanearliergenerationwaspreoccupiedwiththequesttoencloseavastgeographicfrontier,generation,itseems,ismorecaughtupinthecolonizationoftime.Everysparemomentofourtimeisbeingfilledwithsomeformofcommercialconnection,makingtimeitselfthemostscarceofallresources.Oure-mail,voicemailandcellphones,our24-hourInteractnewsandentertainmentallseizeforourattention.

Andwhilewehavecreatedeverykindoflabor-andtime-savingdevicetoserviceourneeds,wearebeginningtofeellikewehavelesstimeavailabletousthananyotherhumansinhistory.Thatisbecausethegreatproliferationoflabor-and-time-savingservicesonlyincreasesthediversity,paceandflowofcommodifiedactivityaroundus.Forexample,e-mailisagreatconvenience.However,wenowfindourselvesspendingmuchofourdayfranticallyrespondingtoeachother’selectronicmessages.Thecellphoneisagreattime-saver.Exceptnowwearealwayspotentiallyinreachofsomeoneelsewhowantsourattention.

Socialconservativestalkaboutthedeclineincivilityandblameitonthelossofamoralcompassandreligiousvalues.Hasanyonebotheredtoaskwhetherthehyperspeedcultureismakingallofuslesspatientandlesswillingtolistenanddefer,considerandreflect?

Maybeweneedtoaskwhatkindsofconnectionsreallycountandwhattypesofaccessreallymatterinthee-economyera.Ifthisnewtechnologyrevolutionisonlyabouthyperefficiency,thenwerisklosingsomethingevenpreciousthantime—oursenseofwhatitmeanstobeacaringhumanbeing.

1.Accordingtothepassage,corporateexecutivesthinkthat（）.

2.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?

3.Wgeneration?

4.Inthesixthparagraph,theauthorimpliedthat（）.

5.Anappropriatetitleforthepassagemightbe（）.

問題1選項

A.technologyrenaissanceshouldbepushedforward.

B.technologyhasaprofoundimpactontheirlives.

C.technologyactuallyresultsinadeclineintheirlifequality.

D.technologyshouldbeaggressivelychampioned.

問題2選項

A.Technologywassupposedtofreepeople.

B.Tgenerationbecameslavesoftechnology.

C.Newtechnologiesoccupymuchofourtime.

D.Itisdifficulttoavoidtheinfluenceoftechnologywonders.

問題3選項

A.Technologicalwonders.

B.Accesstoinformation.

C.Time.

D.Timesavingdevices.

問題4選項

A.socialconservativesblamedthelossofmoralityontechnology.

B.generationwaslesscivilthantheearliergenerations.

C.thehyperspeedcultureledtothedeclineincivility.

D.technologymightmakepeoplelessimpatient.

問題5選項

A.TheNewInternetLife.

B.TheDrawbacksoftooMuchAccess.

C.TheFailureofTechnologicalRenaissance.

D.TheDecliningQualityofLife.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:B

【解析】1.細節(jié)事實題。由文章第二段中的Hasthequalityofourlivesatwork,athomeandinourcommunitiesincreasedindirectproportiontoallthenewInternetandbusiness-to-businessInternetservicesbeingintroducedintoourlives?...“No,quitecontrary.”（我們在工作、家庭和社區(qū)的生活質(zhì)量是否與我們生活中引入的所有新互聯(lián)網(wǎng)和企業(yè)對企業(yè)的互聯(lián)網(wǎng)服務(wù)成正比？……“不，完全相反?！保┛芍狢選項“技術(shù)實際上導(dǎo)致了他們生活質(zhì)量的下降”符合題意。

2.細節(jié)事實題。由文章第三段中的Instead,theverytechnologicalwondersthatweresupposedtoliberateushavebeguntoenslaveusinawebofconnectionsfromwhichthereseemstobenoeasyescape.（相反，本應(yīng)解放我們的科技奇跡，卻開始把我們束縛在一個似乎無法輕易擺脫的聯(lián)系網(wǎng)中）但并不是說網(wǎng)絡(luò)一代變成了技術(shù)的奴隸，因此選B。

3.細節(jié)事實題。由文章第四段中的Everysparemomentofourtimeisbeingfilledwithsomeformofcommercialconnection,makingtimeitselfthemostscarceofallresources.（我們的每一個空閑時間都充滿了某種形式的商業(yè)聯(lián)系，使時間本身成為所有資源中最稀缺的）可知選C。

4.推理判斷題。文章第六段中的Hasanyonebotheredtoaskwhetherthehyperspeedcultureismakingallofuslesspatientandlesswillingtolistenanddefer,considerandreflect?（有沒有人問過，高速發(fā)展的文化是否讓我們所有人都變得不那么有耐心，不太愿意傾聽、推遲、考慮和反思？）可知D選項“科技可能會使人失去耐心”符合題意。

5.主旨大意題。本文主要介紹了科技給人們生活帶來的負面影響，因此B選項“使用過多的缺點”符合題意。

13.翻譯題

Beingunhappyislikeaninfectiousdisease.Itcausespeopletoshrinkawayfromthesufferer.Hesoonfindshimselfalonemiserable.Thereis,however,acuresosimpleastoseem,atfirstglance,ridiculous:ifyoudon’tfeelhappy,pretendtobe!

Itworks.Beforelongyouwillfindthatinsteadofpushingpeopleaway,youattractthem.Youdiscoverhowdeeplyrewardingitistobethecenterofwiderandwidercirclesofgoodwill.

Thenthemake-believebecomesareality.Beinghappy,onceitisrealizedasadutyestablishedasahabit,opensdoorsintounimaginablegardensfilledwithgratefulfriends.

【答案】不開心就像一種傳染病。它使人們對不快樂的人敬而遠之。不快樂的人很快就會發(fā)覺自己既孤獨又悲慘，充滿怨恨。但是，有一種乍一看似乎荒謬可笑，實際卻非常簡單的治愈方法，那就是：如果你不快樂，那就假裝快樂吧!

這個辦法的確行之有效。不久你就會發(fā)現(xiàn)，你不再排斥別人，而是開始吸引他們。你會發(fā)現(xiàn)被越來越多善意的人們包圍的感覺是多么的值得！

于是，假裝的變成了真實的。一旦快樂被認為是一種責(zé)任并成為一種習(xí)慣，它就會向我們敞開一扇好友云集的通向奇妙花園的大門。

14.單選題

Ingeneral,theamountthatastudentspendsforhousingshouldbeheldtoone-fifthofthetotal（）forlivingexpenses.

問題1選項

A.acceptable

B.applicable

C.advisable

D.available

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項acceptable“可接受的”；B選項applicable“可適用的，合適的”；C選項advisable“明智的”；D選項available“可獲得的”。句意：一般來說，學(xué)生可用于住房的錢應(yīng)該占全部生活費的五分之一。availablefor意為“可用于……的”，所以選項D正確。

15.單選題

Sadly,asspendingonprivategardenshas（）,spendingonpublicparkshasgenerallydeclined.

問題1選項

A.heightened

B.lifted

C.flown

D.soared

【答案】D

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項heighten“提高，升高”；B選項lift“舉起，抬高”；C選項flow“流動，流通”；D選項soar“急升，激增”。句意：悲哀的是，隨著私人花園的支出飆升，公共公園的支出普遍下降。填空處填入的應(yīng)該是和declined相反的單詞，所以選項D符合語境。

16.單選題

Theenterpriseintroducedanincentivebonusforhighproductivity.

問題1選項

A.motive

B.initiative

C.encouragement

D.entertainment

【答案】C

【解析】考查動詞辨析。根據(jù)句意：企業(yè)為了提高生產(chǎn)力引進了……獎金。incentive意為“刺激，激勵的”。A選項motive“動機，目的”；B選項initiative“主動權(quán)，首創(chuàng)精神”；C選項encouragement“鼓勵，激勵”；D選項entertainment“娛樂，消遣，款待”。選項C符合語境。

17.單選題

Adversecircumstancescompelledhimtoclosehisbusiness.

問題1選項

A.unfamiliar

B.local

C.unfavorable

D.good

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。句意：……環(huán)境迫使他關(guān)閉了生意。A選項unfamiliar“不熟悉的，沒有經(jīng)驗的”；B選項local“當?shù)氐模植康摹?；C選項unfavorable“不利的，不宜的”；D選項good“好的”。根據(jù)下文的“closehisbusiness”可知，肯定是不好的環(huán)境導(dǎo)致他停業(yè)，adverse意為“不利的”，選項C與之意思相近。

18.單選題

Whyaresomeofusgoodatmath,whileothers（）atartorvolleyball.

問題1選項

A.work

B.excel

C.aim

D.gaze

【答案】B

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A選項workat“從事于，致力于”；B選項excelat“突出，擅長于”；C選項aimat“目的在于”；D選項gazeat“盯住，凝視”。根據(jù)句意可知，填空處填入的詞應(yīng)和at搭配，并且和goodat意思相近。句意“為什么有些人擅長數(shù)學(xué)，而有些人擅長藝術(shù)或排球?”選項B符合語境。

19.翻譯題

沒有一流的人文教育，我們就不可能有世界一流大學(xué)。要建好文科院系，也要抓好對全體學(xué)生的人文教育。不同學(xué)科要各按步伐，按各自的內(nèi)在規(guī)律發(fā)展。“科學(xué)求真，人文求善，藝術(shù)求美”，達到真善美在學(xué)科層面的統(tǒng)一。我們是用世界上最少的錢，辦了最大的教育。我一直堅信，到本世紀中葉，中國一定能夠成為世界一流的教育大國！

學(xué)校和教師的責(zé)任是真正發(fā)揮所有學(xué)生的潛能，使學(xué)生成長為既有寬厚基礎(chǔ)、又有廣闊視野，既有活生生的個性、又能團結(jié)他人、能夠引領(lǐng)中國未來發(fā)展的精英人才。

【答案】Withoutfirst-classliberalartseducation,wecannothaveworld-classuniversities.Tobuildagoodliberalartscollegesanddepartments,butalsotopayattentiontothehumanitieseducationofallstudents.Differentdisciplinesshoulddevelopattheirownpaceandaccordingtotheirowninternallaws."Scienceseekstruth,humanityseeksgoodness,artseeksbeauty",achievingtheunityoftruth,goodnessandbeautyatthedisciplinelevel.Wegotthebiggesteducationintheworldwiththeleastmoney.Ihavealwaysbelievedthatbythemiddleofthiscentury,Chinawillbecomeaworld-classeducationcountry.

Itistheresponsibilityofschoolsandteacherstotrulygiveplaytothepotentialofallstudents,sothatstudentscangrowintoeliteswhohaveagenerousfoundation,broadvision,livelypersonality,unitywithothers,andcanleadChina'sfuturedevelopment.

20.單選題

Researchersinthesocialsciencesmayoftenhave（）theirscopetothosenarrowlycircumscribedtopicsthatarewellsuitedtoquantitativemethods.

問題1選項

A.diminished

B.enlarged

C.limited

D.expanded

【答案】C

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項diminish“減少，縮小”；B選項enlarge“擴大，增大”；C選項limit“限制”；D選項expand“擴張”。根據(jù)下文的“narrowlycircumscribedtopics”可推測，這里填入選項C符合語境。句意：社會科學(xué)的研究人員可能經(jīng)常將他們的研究范圍限制在那些非常適合定量方法的狹窄限定的課題上。所以選項C正確。

21.單選題

NiagaraisanIndianwordwhichmeans“roaringwater”.Indeed,theroarofthefallingwaterofNiagaracanbeheard（1）adistanceof25kms.Imagine（2）ofwaterflowingoveracliff90feethighandyouwillgetanideaofthatterriblenoise.

And（3）tremendouspowertheNiagaraRiverhas!Itmovesbigrocksaboutandthrowsthemintotheboilingwaterbelow.

（4）agoanoldshipwithoutsinglepersononboardwasputinmid-stream.Itsaileddowntheriver（5）atoyboatwithgreatspeed.Havingreachedthefall,theshipdroppedintotheboilingwater,never（6）again.

Thereweresomepeoplewhowantedtobecomefamous（7）swimmingacrossthemostdangerouspartoftheNiagaraRiver.OneofthemwasCaptainWebbwhosaidthathewouldtrytoswimcrosstheNiagara,which（8）crowdsofpeople.OntheeveningofJuly21st,1893,CaptainWebbcameuptotheriverand（9）aplunge.Hishavingjumpedintothewater（10）manypeoplewithhorror.Soon,heappearedinthemiddleoftheriver.Aloudshoutwentupfromthecrowd,butamomentlatertherewas（11）silence.Themanhaddisappearedunderthewater.Thousandsofeyes（12）ontheriver,butthemanwasdrowned.

In1902,acertainMissTaylordecidedtogooverthefallsinabarrel.Thereweredifferentkindsofpillowsinsidethebarreltopreventherfrom（13）.Havingexaminedthebarrelcarefully,MissTaylorgotin.Thebarrelwasclosedandthen（14）intothewater.Havingreachedthefalls,itoverturnedandwasshotdownbytheterrible（15）ofthewater.Whenthebarrelwasfinallycaughtandopened,MissTaylorcameoutalive（16）withafrightenedlookinhereyes.

Onceacrowdofvisitorssawarope（17）overfromonebankoftherivertotheother.Thentheysawaman（18）therope.Themanwasanactor,Blondin（19）.HemanagedtocrossNiagaraFallsonatightrope.Thepeopleonthebankweresurprisedathis（20）itsowell.

問題1選項

A.within

B.inside

C.at

D.on

問題2選項

A.much

B.agreatnumber

C.mass

D.amass

問題3選項

A.howmuch

B.what

C.so

D.how

問題4選項

A.Sometimes

B.Manytimes

C.Muchtime

D.Sometime

問題5選項

A.as

B.asif

C.like

D.likely

問題6選項

A.toappear

B.appearing

C.appeared

D.appear

問題7選項

A.for

B.by

C.through

D.from

問題8選項

A.attracted

B.drew

C.caused

D.pulled

問題9選項

A.gave

B.made

C.did

D.took

問題10選項

A.filling

B.fullof

C.filled

D.wasfilled

問題11選項

A.dead

B.dying

C.died

D.death

問題12選項

A.beingstopped

B.werefixing

C.werefixed

D.fixed

問題13選項

A.beinghurt

B.havinghurt

C.hurting

D.hurt

問題14選項

A.beingthrown

B.throwing

C.thrown

D.threw

問題15選項

A.power

B.strength

C.force

D.capacity

問題16選項

A.therefore

B.however

C.so

D.but

問題17選項

A.beingput

B.put

C.havingput

D.putting

問題18選項

A.stepacross

B.stepoutonto

C.stepalong

D.stepon

問題19選項

A.inname

B.underthenameof

C.byname

D.tothenameof

問題20選項

A.done

B.havingdone

C.havingbeendone

D.beingdone

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:D

第5題:C

第6題:A

第7題:B

第8題:B

第9題:D

第10題:C

第11題:A

第12題:C

第13題:A

第14題:C

第15題:C

第16題:D

第17題:A

第18題:B

第19題:C

第20題:B

【解析】1.考查介詞辨析。根據(jù)句意“事實上，尼亞加拉瀑布的咆哮聲在25公里的范圍內(nèi)就能聽到?！痹凇木嚯x內(nèi)，用介詞within，所以選項A正確。

2.考查邏輯連詞。muchof后面接可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)；沒有massof的表達；agreatnumberof后只能接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)；amassof后既可以接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，也可以接不可數(shù)名詞，所以選項D正確。

3.考查感嘆句的用法。選項A和C不能引導(dǎo)感嘆句，所以首先排除。What和How引導(dǎo)感嘆句的用法分別為：What+形容詞+名詞+主語+謂語；How+形容詞/副詞+主語+謂語。這里是形容詞tremendous+名詞power，所以應(yīng)該使用what，選項B正確。

4.考查固定搭配。A選項Sometimes“有時，間或”；B選項Manytimes“多次”；C選項Muchtime“很多時間”；D選項Sometime“一段時間”。sometimeago意為“不久前”。選項D符合語境。

5.考查動詞辨析。A選項as“如同，像……一樣”，用法為as…as…；B選項asif“似乎，好像”；C選項like“像……一樣”；D選項likely“很可能”。根據(jù)句意“它像一艘玩具船一樣飛快地順河而下。”只有選項C符合語境。

6.考查非謂語結(jié)構(gòu)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，句中已有謂語動詞drop，所以填空處應(yīng)填非謂語結(jié)構(gòu)；其次根據(jù)句意“到達瀑布后，船掉進了翻涌的水中，再也沒有出現(xiàn)”可知，這里表示的是將來不會發(fā)生的事情，所以應(yīng)使用不定式表將來，選項A正確。

7.考查介詞辨析。根據(jù)句意“有些人想通過游泳渡過尼亞加拉河最危險的部分而出名?！边@里指通過某種方法，用介詞by，所以選項B正確。

8.考查動詞辨析。A選項attract“吸引，引起”；B選項draw“拖，拉，吸引”；C選項cause“導(dǎo)致，造成”；D選項pull“拉”。根據(jù)原文可知，韋伯船長說他將嘗試游過尼亞加拉河，這吸引了很多人的注意力。強調(diào)吸引注意力用draw，所以選項B更恰當。

9.考查固定搭配。takeaplunge意為“一頭扎進”，所以選項D正確。

10.考查固定搭配。根據(jù)句意“他跳入水中使許多人充滿了恐懼。”filledwith意為“使充滿……”，所以選項C正確。

11.考查固定搭配。deadsilence意為“死一般的寂靜”。所以選項A正確。

12.考查固定搭配。befixedon意為“盯著……”。句意“千萬雙眼睛盯著河面”，所以選項C正確。

13.考查固定用法和被動語態(tài)。preventsb.fromdoingsth.意為“阻止某人做某事”。再根據(jù)語境可知，這里應(yīng)使用被動語態(tài)，所以選項A正確。

14.考查被動語態(tài)。根據(jù)句意“桶被關(guān)上，然后被扔進了水里”，這里表示的是被動語態(tài)，前面已有be動詞was，填空處只需填入過去分詞即可，所以選項C正確。

15.考查近義詞辨析。A選項power“力量，能力”，多指人或國家甚至是某個機構(gòu)的權(quán)力、勢力或影響力；B選項strength“力量，力氣”，多指人的氣力或物體的強度；C選項force“力量，武力，魄力”，多指暴力或促使物體運動的勢力；D選項capacity“能力”。根據(jù)句意可知，這里指的是桶被水巨大的力量打翻了。這股力量是暴力的，并且能夠促使物體運動，所以選項C更符合語境。

16..考查上下文語義。根據(jù)句意可知，當木桶終于被抓到并打開時，泰勒小姐活著出來了，但她的眼睛里充滿了恐懼。表示轉(zhuǎn)折并且能夠連接兩個句子，只有選項D符合要求。

17.考查被動語態(tài)。seesb./sth.doing意為“看見……正在……”，再根據(jù)句意可知，這里表示繩索是被人放上去的，表示被動語態(tài)，所以選項A正確。

18.考查詞組辨析。A選項stepacross“跨過”；B選項stepoutonto“走出去再踩上去”；C選項stepalong“走開”；D選項stepon“踩上，踏上”。根據(jù)原文可知，這里是指這個人邁出一步然后踏上了繩索，所以選項B更符合語境。

19.考查固定搭配。byname放在名字后面表示“名叫……，名字是……”。選項C正確。

20.考查語態(tài)。根據(jù)句意可知，這里表示的是主動語態(tài)，并且前面是介詞at，所以應(yīng)使用動名詞形式，并且是主動語態(tài)，只有選項B符合要求。

22.單選題

Inanenvironmentallyconscioustweakonthetypicalwayofgettingfoodtothetable,growingnumbersofpeopleareskippingoutongrocerystoresandevenfarmersmarketsandinsteadgoingrighttothesourcebybuyingsharesoffarms.

Ononeofthefarms,hereabout35mileswestofChicago,SteveTriskowasweedingbeetstheotherdayandcuttingbackashadetreesobabytomatoescouldgetsunlight.Mr.Triskoisaretiredcomputerconsultantwhoownssharesinthefour-acreErehwonFarm.

“Wedecidedthatit’sinourinteresttohaveasmallfarmsucceed,andhavethembeabletohaveasustainablefarmproducinggoodfood,”Mr.Triskosaid.

PartofaloosebutgrowingnetworkmostlymobilizedontheInternet,Erehwonisparticipatinginwhatisknownascommunity-supportedagriculture.About150peoplehaveboughtsharesinErehwon—inessence,hiringpersonalfarmersandturningtheoldnotionofsharecroppingonitshead.

TheconceptwasimportedfromEuropeandAsiainthe1980sasanalternativemarketingandfinancingarrangementtohelpcombattheoftenprohibitivecostsofsmall-scalefarming.Butuntilrecently,itwasslowtotakeroot.Therewerefewerthan100suchfarmsintheearly1990s,butinthelastseveralyearsthenumbershavegrowntocloseto1,500,accordingtoacademicexpertswhohavefollowedthetrend.

“Ithinkpeoplearebecomingmorelocal-minded,andthisfitsrightintothat,”saidNicholeD.Nazelrod,programcoordinatorattheFultonCenterforSustainableLivingatWilsonCollegeinChambersburg,Pa.,anationalclearinghouseforcommunity-supportedfarms.“Peopleareseeingwaystocometogetherandworktogethertomakethissuccessful.”

TheshareholdersofErehwonFarmhaveopenaccesstothelandandaguaranteedpercentageoftheseason’sharvestoffruitandvegetablesforpackagesthatrangefromabout$300to$900.Arrangementsoffresh-cutblossomstwiceamonthcanbeincludedforanextra$120—orforthedeluxepackage,$220will“feedthesoul”withweeklybouquetsofliliesandsunflowersandotherlocalblooms.

Shareholdersarenotrequiredtoworkthefields,buttheycaniftheywant,andmanydo.Mr.Triskosaidhisfamilyknowsthatwithouthisvolunteerlaborandagreementtoshareinthefinancialriskofraisingcrops,thesmallorganicfarmmightnotsurvive.“It’sveryhardforthemtomakeendsmeet,”hesaid,“soIdecidedtogooutandhelp.Weharvest,water,pullweeds,whatevertheyneeddoing.”

Erehwon—theword“nowhere”spelledbackward—startedwithtwoshareholders,reacheditsgoalof140lastyear,andnowhasraiseditstargettoabout200members.

1.Accordingtothepassage,growingnumbersofpeoplebuysharesoffarmsbecausethey（）.

2.ErehwonFarmdiffersfromthetraditionalfarmsinthatitis（）.

3.Wemayinferfromthepassagethatcommunity-sponsoredfarm（）.

4.TheaverageshareholdersofErehwonFarmareentitledto（）.

5.ItisimpliedthatErehwonFarm（）.

問題1選項

A.areconsciousofenvironmentalproblems

B.abandonthetypicalwayofgettingfoodtothetable

C.nolongerdependongrocerystoresandfarmersmarkets

D.liketogrowvegetablesthemselvesinthesuburbanfarms

問題2選項

A.verysmall

B.veryefficient

C.community-supportedagriculture

D.sharedbypeoplefromdifferentplaces

問題3選項

A.isanewconceptemergingintheU.S.A

B.hastocombatwithsmall-scalefarming

C.isgraduallytakingshapeinAmericanagriculture

D.isverypopularasboomingagricultureintheU.S.A

問題4選項

A.cometogetherandworktogetheronthefarm

B.getaguarant