高中英語(yǔ)選擇性必修一 Unit 3 Fascinating Parks單元綜合練(j解析版)

選擇性必修一Unit3FascinatingParks單元綜合練總分：120分時(shí)間：100分鐘單元拾零（每小題1分，共10分）1．Don’tputthatglasssonearthe__edge__(邊緣)ofthetable.2．Oneofhis__lungs__(肺)gaveoutentirely.3．Moststarsarenot__visible__(看得見(jiàn)的)tothenakedeye.4．Scientistscontinuetopushbackthe__boundary__(界限)ofhumanknowledge.5．Theriverrunsanarrowcoursethroughthe__valley__(峽谷).6．Youmayhavefreepassageacrossour__territory__(領(lǐng)土)wheneveryourequireit.7．He’slethis__cottage__(小別墅)tosomepeoplefromLondon.8．I’vebeen__sneezing__(打噴嚏)allmorning.9．Wecarefully__labelled__(貼標(biāo)簽)eachitemwiththecontentsandthedate.10．Chemicalweaponsare__banned__(明令禁止)internationally.第二部分單元提升：閱讀理解（共20小題，每小題2分，滿分40分)第一節(jié)（共15小題，每小題2分，滿分30分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)A、B、C、D中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ATheBestArtCompetitionstoEnterin2021Checkoutourguidetosomeofthebestartconteststoenterthisyear.AcrylicWorks9Prize:$2,000firstprize,$1,000secondprizeEntryFee:$45Requirements:OpentoartistsintheUnitedStatesandCanadaClosingDate:October18,2021FortheAcrylicWorks9competition,theorganizersarelookingforthebestinacrylic(丙烯酸)paintingofavarietyofstylesandsubjects.Theentrieswillbejudgedintworoundsaccordingtoartistictechnique,designandcreativeelements,aswellasoverallimpressionandimpact.Winners’workswillbeshowninArtistsmagazine.Splash23Prize:$2,000firstprize,$1,000secondprizeEntryFee:$45Requirements:OpentoartistsintheUnitedStatesandCanadaClosingDate:June14,2021FortheSplash23contest,theorganizersarelookingfororiginalwatercolorpaintings.Eachentrymustbepaintedwithwatercolor.However,someminoruseofothermediumsmaybeacceptable.ToppaintingsofwinnerswillappearinaspecialeditionofWatercolorArtistmagazine.TheLumenPrizeforDigitalArtPrize:$4,000firstprizeEntryFee:$48fortwoworksRequirements:OpentoartistsworldwideClosingDate:June8,2021ThisdigitalartcompetitionisorganizedbyLumenArtProjectsLtd,anon-profitorganizationthat’saimedatprovidingnewopportunitiesfordigitalartistsaroundtheworld.CategoriesincludeStill,MovingImage,3D/InteractiveandArtificialIntelligence.CaliforniaAwardPrize:$3,000firstprizeEntryFee:FreeRequirements:OpentoartistsinCaliforniaClosingDate:July31,2021HostedbytheBreaGallery,thecompetitionintendstoprovideagreatopportunityforallartistsbasedinthestateofCalifornia.Allartworkswillbeconsidered.Andthereisalsoasolo(單獨(dú)的)showopportunityforartistswhosubmitabodyofworkcontaining5-10pieces.1.WhatdoesAcrylicWorks9andSplash23haveincommon?A.Theyareopentoallartists.B.Theyfocusondifferentstyles.C.Thewinners’paintingswillappearinamagazine.D.ThedeadlinesofthecompetitionsarebothinOctober.2.Whichcompetitionwillbeopentothewidestrangeofartists?A.Splash23. B.AcrylicWorks9.C.CaliforniaAward. D.TheLumenPrizeforDigitalArt.3.WhydoestheBreaGalleryholdthecompetition?A.ToofferopportunitiesforartistsintheUS.B.Toinspirecreativeideasinpaintings.C.Toprovideasoloshowforallartists.D.Toencouragelocalartiststotakepart.【答案】1.C2.D3.D【解析】【分析】本文為應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了2021年的四項(xiàng)藝術(shù)競(jìng)賽?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)AcrylicWorks9中“Winners’workswillbeshowninArtistsMagazine.(獲獎(jiǎng)?wù)叩淖髌穼⒃谒囆g(shù)家雜志上展示)”和Splash23中“ToppaintingsofwinnerswillappearinaspecialeditionofWatercolorArtistMagazine.(獲獎(jiǎng)?wù)叩捻敿?jí)畫(huà)作將出現(xiàn)在水彩藝術(shù)家雜志的特刊上)”可知，這兩個(gè)比賽的共同點(diǎn)是獲獎(jiǎng)作品會(huì)在雜志上刊出。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)TheLumenPrizeforDigitalArt中“Opentotheartistsworldwide.(向全世界的藝術(shù)家開(kāi)放)”可知，“TheLumenPrizeforDigitalArt.”這個(gè)競(jìng)賽將向最廣泛的藝術(shù)家開(kāi)放。故選D?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段中“HoldbytheBreaGallery,thecompetitionintendstoprovidesagreatopportunityforallartistsbasedinthestate.(該競(jìng)賽由布雷亞畫(huà)廊舉辦，旨在為本州所有藝術(shù)家提供一個(gè)巨大的機(jī)會(huì))”可知，舉辦這個(gè)比賽的目的是鼓勵(lì)當(dāng)?shù)氐乃囆g(shù)家。故選D。BGrowingupinTaiwanasthedaughterofacalligrapher（書(shū)法家），oneofmymosttreasuredmemorieswasmymothershowingmethebeauty,theshapeandtheformofChinesecharacters.Eversincethen,Iwasattractedbythisamazinglanguage.Buttoanoutsider,itseemstobeasimpenetrableastheGreatWallofChina.Overthepastfewyears,I'vebeenwonderingwhetherIcanbreakdownthiswall,sothatanyonewhowantstounderstandandappreciatethebeautyofthiscomplexlanguagecoulddoso.Istartedthinkingabouthowanew,fastmethodoflearningChinesemightbeuseful.Attheageoffive,1startedtolearnhowtodraweverysinglestroke（筆劃）foreachcharacterinthecorrectorder.Ilearnednewcharacterseverydayduringthenextfifteenyears.Youonlyneed1,000tounderstandthebasiccommunication.Thetop200willallowyoutoread40percentofbasicliterature-enoughtoreadroadsigns,restaurantmenus,tounderstandthebasicideaofthewebpagesorthenewspapers.TodayI'mgoingtostartwith8characterstoshowyouhowthemethodworks.Openyourmouthaswideaspossibleuntilit'ssquare.Yougetamouth口.Thisisapersongoingforawalkwithtwolegs.Person人.Theshapeofthefireisapersonwithtwoarmsonbothsides,asifshewasyellingcrazily,uHelp!I'monfire!"火.Thisisatree木.Thisisamountain--山.Thesun日.Themoon月.Thesymbolofthedoorlookslikeapairofcardoors門.Theseeightcharactersarethebuildingblocksforyoutocreatelotsmorecharacters.4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"impenetrable"inParagraph2probablymean?A.Availabletolearnabout. B.Worthwhiletoaccess.C.Difficulttogetacross. D.Importanttounderstand.5.WhydidtheauthortrytothinkoffastwaystolearnChinese?A.Toproveherabilitytolearn. B.Tohelphermotherwithhercareer.C.Togetbettergradesinexams. D.ToenablemorepeopletoenjoyChinese.6.Withthemostfrequentlyused200characterspeoplecan.A.readrestaurantmenus B.understandnewspaperswellC.communicatewithnatives D.enjoybasicliterature7.Whatwilltheauthorprobablytalkaboutnext?A.Howtheeightcharactersbuildothercharacters.B.Whatothermeaningstheeightcharactershave.C.Wheretheeightcharacterscanbeusedindailylife.D.WhytheeightChinesecharactersareformedinthisway.【答案】4.C5.D6.A7.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章作者主要介紹了如何輕松地學(xué)習(xí)和閱讀漢字?！?題詳解】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)文章第二段劃線詞前半句“Buttoanoutsider,(但對(duì)于門外漢來(lái)說(shuō)，)”和后半句“astheGreatWallofChina.(像中國(guó)的長(zhǎng)城)”可知，對(duì)于門外漢來(lái)說(shuō)，漢字就跟中國(guó)的長(zhǎng)城一樣高不可攀。所以impenetrable為“不能穿過(guò)的”之意。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Overthepastfewyears,I'vebeenwonderingwhetherIcanbreakdownthiswall,sothatanyonewhowantstounderstandandappreciatethebeautyofthiscomplexlanguagecoulddoso.(過(guò)去幾年，我一直思考如何能夠攻克這堵墻，讓那些要理解和欣賞這復(fù)雜語(yǔ)言優(yōu)雅地方的人可以這樣做。)”可知，作者試圖想出快速學(xué)習(xí)中文的方法是為了讓更多的人喜歡漢語(yǔ)。故選D。【6題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Thetop200willallowyoutoread40percentofbasicliterature-enoughtoreadroadsigns,restaurantmenus,tounderstandthebasicideaofthewebpagesorthenewspapers.(認(rèn)識(shí)頂部二百個(gè)漢字，讓你看明白百分之四十的基本文獻(xiàn)——足以讀懂路標(biāo)、餐廳菜單，以了解中文網(wǎng)頁(yè)的基本想法或報(bào)紙內(nèi)容。)”可知，人們可以用最常用的200個(gè)漢字閱讀餐廳菜單。故選A?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Theseeightcharactersarethebuildingblocksforyoutocreatelotsmorecharacters.(這八個(gè)漢字是你創(chuàng)造更多漢字的基礎(chǔ)。)”可推斷，作者在文章下一段會(huì)介紹這八個(gè)漢字是如何塑造其他漢字的。故選A。CTherewasatimewhenthemajorconcernwithAIsafetyhadbeentheoneevilsuperintelligence,reflectedinthemovie“TheTerminator”.However,thegame“Tacoma”takesadifferentapproach.ItassumesthattherewillbenumerousAGI(artificialgeneralintelligence)intheworldandthatanyAGI,evenasafelydesignedone,inthewronghandsatthewrongtimecouldcauselive?tobelost.That'sthefuturethatagrowingnumberofAIsafetyexpertsareworriedabout.Thisisnotanewidea.Inthebook“EngineeringaSaferWorld,”MITprofessorNancyG.Levesonaddressescommonmisunderstandingsaboutsafety-criticalsystemsengineering:engineeringsystemswhosefailurecouldleadtohumanloss.Suchsafety-criticaltechnologiesincludeaviation,nuclearpower,automobiles,heavychemicals,biotechnology,and,ofcourse,AGI.Sowhatcanbedone?Technologyisn’talwaysthesolution.Afamousexampleistheinventionofsonicradars(聲波雷達(dá))thatweresupposedtohelpshipsdetectnearbyobstacles,butwhichonlyincreasedtherateofaccidents.Why?Captainssailedfaster,thinkingtheycouldgetawaywithitthankstothenewsafetytechnology.Insteadoftechnologies,Leveson'sbooksuggests,weshouldbemakingorganizationalchanges.Additionally,Levesonsuggests,amongmanycomplicatedguidelines,organizationsshouldbeawarethatsafetyguidelineswillinevitablybecomelaxovertime.Asaconsequence,measuresshouldbecarriedouttopreventpotentialdisasters.WhatlessonscanwedrawfromconcernwithAIsafety?Theanswermaylieinrecentdisasternarratives(敘述),whichremindusthat,especiallyinlimeslikethis,weshouldn'tforgetthepotentialforotherdisasters.Publicconsciencereallydoesmatter.Andifwe'reallbetteratthinkingaboutsafetywecitizens,maybewereallycanpreventdisasters.8.Whydoestheauthormentioned“TheTerminator”inthefirstparagraph?A.Toarousereaders'interestinTheTerminator.BTointroducethetopicofconcernwithAIsafely.C.Tomentionthesimilaritybetween“TheTerminator”and“Tacoma”.D.Tomakereadersrecalltheevilsuperintelligencereflectedinthemovie.9.Whydidtherateofshipaccidentsstillincreaseaftertheinventionofsonicradars?A.Becausecaptainsseldomusedthem.B.Becausetheradarsfailedtoworkproperly.C.Becausecaptainsdependedonthemtoomuch.D.Becausetheshipscouldn'tdetectnearbyobstacles.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“l(fā)ax”inparagraph5referto?A.Safe. B.Important.C.Unreliable. D.Unnecessary.11.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.DisasterpreventionLessonsfromAI.B.Safetyproblemsinmodernsociety.C.Engineeringdevelopmentinmoderndays.D.Futureapplicationsofartificialintelligence.【答案】8.B9.C10.C11.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要講述了人們對(duì)人工智能安全的擔(dān)憂，作者提出如果公民都能更好地考慮安全問(wèn)題，也許我們真的可以預(yù)防災(zāi)難的想法。【8題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“TherewasatimewhenthemajorconcernwithAIsafetyhadbeentheoneevilsuperintelligence,reflectedinthemovie“TheTerminator”.”（曾經(jīng)有一段時(shí)間，人們對(duì)人工智能安全的主要擔(dān)憂是電影《終結(jié)者》中那個(gè)邪惡的超級(jí)智能。）可推斷，作者提及《終結(jié)者》是為了介紹本文對(duì)人工智能安全的擔(dān)憂的主題。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Captainssailedfaster,thinkingtheycouldgetawaywithitthankstothenewsafetytechnology.”（船長(zhǎng)們航行得更快了，他們認(rèn)為多虧了新的安全技術(shù)，他們可以僥幸逃脫。）可見(jiàn)，是因?yàn)樗麄冞^(guò)于依賴新技術(shù)使得事故發(fā)生更多。故選C項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第五段“Asaconsequence,measuresshouldbecarriedouttopreventpotentialdisasters.”（因此，應(yīng)該采取措施來(lái)預(yù)防潛在的災(zāi)害。）可猜測(cè)，隨著時(shí)間的推移，安全指南也不再安全，所以lax意為“不可靠的”。故選C項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段“WhatlessonscanwedrawfromconcernwithAIsafety?”（我們可以從對(duì)人工智能安全的關(guān)注中汲取什么教訓(xùn)?）及全文內(nèi)容可知，本文主要講述我們?nèi)祟愒谌斯ぶ悄馨踩蝎@得的教訓(xùn)。故選A項(xiàng)。DWhenhewastwoyearsold,Benstoppedseeingoutofhislefteye.Hismothertookhimtothedoctorandsoondiscoveredhehadcancerinbotheyes.Afterpossibletreatmentsfailed,doctorsremovedbothhiseyes.ForBen,visionwasgoneforever.Butbythetimehewassevenyearsold,hehaddevelopedatechniqueforfeelingtheworldaroundhim:heclickedwithhismouthandlistenedforthereturningechoes.ThismethodenabledBentodeterminethelocationsofopendoorways,people,parkedcars,garbagecans,andsoon.Hewasecholocating:bouncinghissoundwavesoffobjectsintheenvironmentandcatchingthereflectionstobuildamentalmodelofhissurroundings.Echolocationmaysoundlikeanimprobablefeatforahuman,butthousandsofblindpeoplehaveperfectedthisskill,justlikeBendid.Theeventhasbeenwrittenaboutsinceatleastthe1940s,whentheword''echolocation"wasfirstinventedinasciencearticletitled“EcholocationbyBlindMen,Bats,andRadar.”Howcouldblindnessgiverisetotheamazingabilitytounderstandthesurroundingswithone'sears?Theanswerliesinagiftonthebrain;hugeadaptability.MotherNaturefilledourbrainswithflexibilitytoadapttocircumstances.Justassharpteethandfastlegsareusefulforsurvival,soisthebrain'sabilitytoreset,whichallowsforlearning,memory,anddieabilitytodevelopnewskills.InBen'scase,hisbrain'sflexiblewiringrepurposedhisvisualcortexforprocessingsound.Asaresult,Benhadmoreneuronsavailabletodealwithlisteninginformation,andthisincreasedprocessingpowerallowedBentointerpretsoundwavesinshockingdetail.Ben'ssuper-hearingprovesamoregeneralrule:themorebrainareaaparticularsensehas,thebetteritperforms.12.HowdidBen“see”afterhehadhiseyesremoved?A.Byusingawalkingstick. B.Byaskingothersforhelp.C.Byinventinganewsystem. D.Byecholocatingsurroundings.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“feat”inParagraph3probablymean?A.Skill. B.Task. C.Sense. D.Invention.14.WhatcanwelearnfromBen'scase?A.Helaughsbestwholaughslast. B.Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.C.Godshutsonedoorbutheopensanother. D.Manbecomeslearnedbyaskingquestions.15.Inwhichcolumnofamagazinecanwereadthispassage?A.CultureShock. B.HumanBiology.C.ScientificTechnology. D.EnvironmentalProtection.【答案】12.D13.A14.C15.B【解析】【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章講述了Ben兩歲時(shí)摘除了雙眼，結(jié)果他在七歲時(shí)發(fā)展出了回聲定位的技能。大自然讓我們的大腦充滿了適應(yīng)環(huán)境的靈活性，Ben的超級(jí)聽(tīng)力證明了一個(gè)更普遍的規(guī)律：一種特殊感官在大腦中占據(jù)的區(qū)域越多，它的表現(xiàn)就越好?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Butbythetimehewassevenyearsold,hehaddevelopedatechniqueforfeelingtheworldaroundhim:heclickedwithhismouthandlistenedforthereturningechoes.(但在他七歲的時(shí)候，他已經(jīng)發(fā)展出了一種感受周圍世界的技術(shù)：他用嘴發(fā)出咔噠咔噠的聲音，聽(tīng)著聲音的回音)”可知，Ben的眼睛被摘除后，他通過(guò)回聲定位周圍環(huán)境。故選D?！?3題詳解】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)畫(huà)線詞后文“butthousandsofblindpeoplehaveperfectedthisskill,justlikeBendid”可知，回聲定位對(duì)人類來(lái)說(shuō)可能聽(tīng)起來(lái)是一項(xiàng)不太可能的技能，但成千上萬(wàn)的盲人已經(jīng)完善了這項(xiàng)技能，就像Ben一樣。由此推知，畫(huà)線詞意思是“技能”。A.Skill.技能；B.Task.任務(wù)；C.Sense.感覺(jué)；D.Invention.發(fā)明。故選A?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段的“ForBen,visionwasgoneforever”（對(duì)于Ben來(lái)說(shuō)視覺(jué)永遠(yuǎn)失去了）和最后一段中“InBen'scase,hisbrain'sflexiblewiringrepurposedhisvisualcortexforprocessingsound.Asaresult,Benhadmoreneuronsavailabletodealwithlisteninginformation,andthisincreasedprocessingpowerallowedBentointerpretsoundwavesinshockingdetail.(在Ben的例子中，他大腦的靈活線路改變了他的視覺(jué)皮層處理聲音的功能。結(jié)果，Ben有了更多的神經(jīng)元可用來(lái)處理聽(tīng)到的信息，這種增強(qiáng)的處理能力使Ben能夠以驚人的細(xì)節(jié)解釋聲波)”可知，Ben雖然失去了視力，但發(fā)展出了回聲定位的技能，所以他的故事告訴我們“天無(wú)絕人之路”的道理。故選C?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“MotherNaturefilledourbrainswithflexibilitytoadapttocircumstances.Justassharpteethandfastlegsareusefulforsurvival,soisthebrain'sabilitytoreset,whichallowsforlearning,memory,anddieabilitytodevelopnewskills.(大自然讓我們的大腦充滿了適應(yīng)環(huán)境的靈活性。就像鋒利的牙齒和快速的腿有助于生存一樣，大腦的重置能力也是如此，它允許學(xué)習(xí)、記憶和死亡發(fā)展新技能的能力)”結(jié)合文章講述了Ben兩歲時(shí)摘除了雙眼，結(jié)果他在七歲時(shí)發(fā)展出了回聲定位的技能。大自然讓我們的大腦充滿了適應(yīng)環(huán)境的靈活性，Ben的超級(jí)聽(tīng)力證明了一個(gè)更普遍的規(guī)律：一種特殊感官在大腦中占據(jù)的區(qū)域越多，它的表現(xiàn)就越好?？赏浦?，文章可能選自“人類生物學(xué)”專欄。故選B。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。HowtolivewithanelderlypersonLivingwithanelderlypersonhasbothrewardsandchallengesforeveryoneinvolved.____1____Bothpartiesneedtobepatientandunderstandtheiruniquelivingsituationinordertomakeitwork.Herearesometipstolivewithanelderlyperson.Communicatewithyourelderlyroommate.____2____Ifyoudon’tcommunicate,youwon’tknoweachother’sproblemsandconcerns.Asaresult,youwon’tbeabletoformarelationshipthatrespectsbothofyouruniquequalities.____3____Bothpartiesneedtocometoanagreementabouteachother’sspace,independence,andautonomy(自主性).Youneedtounderstandwhatyourelderlypersoniscomfortablewithwhenitcomestobeingassisted.Talktothemabouttheirexpectationsaboutyourrelationship.Discussuseofsharedspacelikethebathroom,kitchen,orlivingroom.Figureoutfinances.Figureoutwhopaysforwhataheadoftime.Havingfinancesdecidedandagreeduponaheadoftimecouldsaveyoufromaheadacheorevenlegalfeesinthefuture.Recordswillmakeabigdifferencehere,soifyoustartoutknowingwhopaysforwhat,andhaveitwrittendown,youareaheadofthegame.____4___Givethepersonprivacy.Whenpossible,theyshouldhaveasmuchprivacyandpersonalspaceasitispracticaltoallow.Don’tturnyourselfintoacaregiver.Don’tbecomeanursewithoutneed.____5____Alwayscommunicatefirstifyouareconcernedaboutyourelderlyroommate.A.Decideboundaries.B.Respecteachother.C.Don’tleavethemalone.D.Don’tentertheirpersonalspace.E.Thiswillhelpyouavoidproblemsinthefuture.F.Communicationisthemostimportantelementofanyrelationship.G.Butwealsoneedtorespecttheneedofolderpeopletofeelindependent.【答案】1.G2.F3.A4.E5.D【解析】【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了如何和老人一起生活?！?題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Livingwithanelderlypersonhasbothrewardsandchallengesforeveryoneinvolved.（和老人住在一起對(duì)每個(gè)人來(lái)說(shuō)都是一種獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)和挑戰(zhàn)。）”和下文“Bothpartiesneedtobepatientandunderstandtheiruniquelivingsituationinordertomakeitwork.（雙方都需要耐心，了解他們獨(dú)特的生活狀況，以便使其工作。）”可知，空處與上文形成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，說(shuō)明要尊重老年人獨(dú)立的需要。故選G?！?題詳解】空處為該段主題句“Communicatewithyourelderlyroommate.（和你年長(zhǎng)的室友交流）”的支撐句，下文提到了“Ifyoudon’tcommunicate,youwon’tknoweachother’sproblemsandconcerns.（如果你們不交流，你們就不會(huì)知道彼此的問(wèn)題和擔(dān)憂。）可知，此處為不交流造成的不良后果。F項(xiàng)中的“Communication”為關(guān)鍵詞，與上下文呼應(yīng)。故選F?！?題詳解】空處為段落主題句。根據(jù)下文“Bothpartiesneedtocometoanagreementabouteachother’sspace,independence,andautonomy…Discussuseofsharedspacelikethebathroom,kitchen,orlivingroom.（雙方需要就彼此的空間、獨(dú)立性和自主權(quán)達(dá)成一致。你需要了解你的老人接受幫助時(shí)的舒適程度。和他們談?wù)勊麄儗?duì)你們關(guān)系的期望。討論共享空間的使用，如浴室，廚房，或客廳。）”可知，本段是在說(shuō)明確定各自的邊界，包括空間和情感上的邊界。A項(xiàng)：Decideboundaries.（確定邊界）符合語(yǔ)境。故選A。【4題詳解】空處為段落結(jié)尾句。根據(jù)上文“Recordswillmakeabigdifferencehere,soifyoustartoutknowingwhopaysforwhat,andhaveitwrittendown,youareaheadofthegame.（記錄在這里會(huì)有很大的不同，所以如果你開(kāi)始知道誰(shuí)為什么買單，并把它寫(xiě)下來(lái)，你就占了主動(dòng)權(quán)。）”可知，該句總結(jié)了這樣做的結(jié)果。E項(xiàng)：Thiswillhelpyouavoidproblemsinthefuture.（這將幫助你避免未來(lái)的問(wèn)題。）符合語(yǔ)境。故選E?！?題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Don’tturnyourselfintoacaregiver.Don’tbecomeanursewithoutneed.（不要把自己變成一個(gè)照顧者。不要成為沒(méi)有需要的護(hù)士。）”可知，空處與前兩句構(gòu)成并列關(guān)系，且D項(xiàng)中的“personalspace”和本段的主題句“Givethepersonprivacy.（給對(duì)方隱私）?！睂?duì)應(yīng)。故選D。第三部分語(yǔ)法知識(shí)綜合運(yùn)用第一節(jié)完形填空（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。Allmylife,IhavebeenoverweightandneverimaginedIwillstartrunning.Onenight,surfingthroughFacebook,I____1____apictureofanoldschoolfriend.Obesity（肥胖）wasno____2____tohimbackintheday.Soimaginemy____3____whenIsawthathehadshrunktohalfthesizeIremembered.Istartedmyprocessof____4____myselfthenextday.Istarted____5____andbeganwithwalks,circlingtheshortestblocksIcouldfind.Inawhile,mybodyburnedand____6____,andnothingexcitedmemorethanthethoughtofquitting.____7____,Ididn'tgiveupandmywalksexpandedtoseveralblocks’worth.Onthefifthday,IthoughtIprobablycouldrun.I____8____“far”downtheroad,aboutatenthofamileinlength.“Waytoofartorun,myachingbodytoldme.____9____,anothervoicespoke,“Icandothis.”Myfeet______10______withoutasecondthought.Rightaway,familiar______11______pulsedthroughthem,allthewayupmylegs.Soon,Iwasbreathless,anddesperatefor______12______.Iwantedtoquit."Icandothis,the______13______spokeagain.Intheend,Icameupalittleshort.Thirtyfeetorso______14______mefrommygoal.ButwhenIlookedback,Icouldn'tbelievemyeyes.The_____15______seemedfartherthen,afteralmostcrossingitall.______16______thethirtyfeet,Ihadalmostachievedmydesiretobebetterinlessthana______17______.Thenextmorning,Iwasreadytotakeonthe______18______again.WhileIhaven'tcompletely______19______thoughtsofgivingup,they'requieternow.Quieterthanthevoicethat______20______meforward—“Icandothis.”1.A.searched B.found C.figured D.realized2.A.stranger B.wonder C.need D.good3.A.sorrow B.excitement C.surprise D.delight4.A.believing B.denying C.comforting D.bettering5.A.slow B.fast C.right D.normal6.A.waked B.moved C.ached D.trembled7.A.Gradually B.Immediately C.Fortunately D.Abruptly8.A.measured B.sensed C.walked D.stared9.A.However B.Therefore C.Besides D.Otherwise10.A.cameout B.tookoff C.paidoff D.fellout11.A.burning B.breaking C.emotion D.passion12.A.help B.water C.food D.air13.A.coach B.voice C.mind D.body14.A.threw B.interrupted C.connected D.kept15.A.target B.dream C.distance D.task16.A.Ignoring B.Considering C.Achieving D.Adding17.A.month B.day C.week D.second18.A.game B.challenge C.adventure D.duty19.A.formed B.escaped C.accepted D.trapped20.A.informed B.persuaded C.forced D.encouraged【答案】1.B2.A3.C4.D5.A6.C7.C8.D9.A10.B11.A12.D13.B14.D15.C16.A17.C18.B19.B20.D【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。主要講述了自己受朋友照片的啟發(fā)，決心減肥變得美好的故事。自己逐漸增加跑步的距離，實(shí)現(xiàn)了在一周內(nèi)使自己變得美好的愿望，同時(shí)也啟發(fā)了作者積極迎接人生新的挑戰(zhàn)?！?題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：一天晚上，我在Facebook上瀏覽時(shí)，發(fā)現(xiàn)了一張老同學(xué)的照片。A.searched搜尋；B.found發(fā)現(xiàn)；C.figured計(jì)算出；D.realized實(shí)現(xiàn)。由下文“___1____apictureofanoldschoolfriend”，可知是上網(wǎng)的過(guò)程中，偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)了同學(xué)的照片。B項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境，故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：肥胖對(duì)他來(lái)說(shuō)不陌生。A.stranger陌生人；B.wonder驚奇，驚訝；C.need需要，需求；D.good好處。由文中“Obesitywasno____2___tohim.”以及“hehadshrunktohalfthesizeIremembered.”可推知，作者朋友比較胖，所以肥胖對(duì)朋友來(lái)說(shuō)是不陌生的。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：因此，當(dāng)我看到他的身材縮小到我記得的一半時(shí)，我感到驚訝。A.sorrow悲傷；B.excitement興奮；C.surprise驚訝，驚奇；D.delight喜悅。由上文提到“Obesity（肥胖）wasno____2___tohim.”以及下文“whenIsawthathehadshrunktohalfthesizeIremembered.”可知，之前朋友是肥胖的，他現(xiàn)在只有以前身材的一半，作者是感到很驚訝地。C項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境，故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：第二天，我開(kāi)始了讓自己變好的進(jìn)程。A.believing相信；B.denying否認(rèn)；C.comforting安慰；D.bettering變好。由下文“Istarted____4___andbeganwithwalks,circlingtheshortestblocksIcouldfind.”可知，作者開(kāi)始運(yùn)動(dòng)減肥，開(kāi)始變得更好。better符合語(yǔ)境，故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：第二天，我開(kāi)始著手改善自己。我慢慢地開(kāi)始，然后開(kāi)始散步，騎行我能找到的最短的街區(qū)。A.slow慢慢的；B.fast快速的；C.right正確的；D.normal正常的。由下文“Istarted____5___andbeganwithwalks,circlingtheshortestblocksIcouldfind.”中作者以走路，繞最短的街區(qū)，可推知是慢慢開(kāi)始的。故選A項(xiàng)。【6題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：有一陣子，我的身體燃燒和疼痛，沒(méi)有什么比放棄更讓我興奮。A.waked醒來(lái)；B.moved移動(dòng)；C.ached使疼痛；D.trembled顫抖的。由“mybodyburnedand____6__”以及下文“Waytoofartorun,myachingbodytoldme.”可推知，運(yùn)動(dòng)之后身體不適導(dǎo)致的疼痛。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：幸運(yùn)的是，我沒(méi)有放棄，我的范圍擴(kuò)大到了幾個(gè)街區(qū)。A.Gradually逐漸的；B.Immediately立刻，馬上；C.Fortunately幸運(yùn)地；D.Abruptly突然地，意外地。由下文“Ididn'tgiveup.”可推知，作者是在感慨，還在沒(méi)有放棄。所以C項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境，故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：第五天，我想我可能會(huì)跑步。我盯著這條路，大約十分之一英里。A.measured測(cè)量；B.sensed察覺(jué)；C.walked行走；D.stared盯著看。由下文I____8____“far”downtheroad,aboutatenthofamileinlength.”可知，作者是看著這條自己要跑的路，大概多少的距離，D項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：我的酸痛的身體告訴我：“行進(jìn)的路太遠(yuǎn)了?！钡牵硪粋€(gè)聲音說(shuō)：“我可以做到”。A.However然而；B.Therefore因此；C.Besides此外；D.Otherwise否則。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，前后兩句形成轉(zhuǎn)折，故選A項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞組詞義辨析。句意：我的腳毫不猶豫地跳了起來(lái)。A.cameout出現(xiàn)，出版；B.tookoff起飛；出發(fā)；事業(yè)成功；C.paidoff還清；奏效；D.fellout爭(zhēng)吵；解散。根據(jù)主語(yǔ)myfeet，可推知作者是毫不猶豫地出發(fā)。故選B項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：熟悉的燃燒感在雙腳蔓延，一直傳到我的雙腿。A.burning燃燒；C.breaking打破;使爆炸；C.emotion情感；D.passion熱情。由上文由“mybodyburnedand____6__.”可推知，是身體依舊發(fā)熱。故選A項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：很快，我就氣喘吁吁，極其渴望空氣。A.help幫助；B.water水；C.food食物；D.air空氣。由上文“Iwasbreathless,anddesperatefor____12__.”可知，作者氣喘吁吁的，渴望空氣，符合語(yǔ)境。故選D項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：“我能做到?！蹦莻€(gè)聲音再次出現(xiàn)。A.coach教練；B.voice聲音；C.mind思想；D.body身體。由上文anothervoicespoke,“Icandothis.”可知，是聲音再次出現(xiàn)。故選B項(xiàng)。【14題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：30英尺左右使我無(wú)法達(dá)到目標(biāo)。A.threw扔，頭；B.interrupted打斷；C.connected連接；D.kept保持。由上文“Intheend,Icameupalittleshort.”可知，作者是沒(méi)有完成目標(biāo)的。故選D項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我回看，簡(jiǎn)直不敢相信自己的眼睛，那個(gè)距離看起來(lái)足夠遠(yuǎn)，基本走完了全程。A.target目標(biāo)；B.dream夢(mèng)想；C.distance距離；D.task任務(wù)。根據(jù)文中“The___15____seemedfartherthen.”可知，作者走得距離足夠遠(yuǎn)。distance符合語(yǔ)境，故選C項(xiàng)。【16題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：忽略這三十英尺，我?guī)缀鯇?shí)現(xiàn)了一周之內(nèi)變好的愿望。A.Ignoring忽視；B.Considering考慮；C.Achieving實(shí)現(xiàn)；D.Adding增加，添加。根據(jù)下文語(yǔ)境“Ihadalmostachievedmydesiretobebetterinlessthana____17____.”可推知，作者說(shuō)基本現(xiàn)實(shí)自己的愿望，可以明確是忽視這沒(méi)有完成的30英尺。故選A項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：忽略這三十英尺，我?guī)缀鯇?shí)現(xiàn)了一周之內(nèi)變好的愿望。A.month月；B.day天；C.week周；D.second秒。由上文Onthefifthday可知，是在一周內(nèi)發(fā)生的事情。故選C項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：第二天早上，我準(zhǔn)備再次接受挑戰(zhàn)。A.game游戲；B.challenge挑戰(zhàn)；C.adventure冒險(xiǎn)；D.duty責(zé)任。由文中“Iwasreadytotakeonthe____18____again.”可知，takeonthechallenge符合語(yǔ)境，故選B項(xiàng)。19題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管我還沒(méi)有完全逃脫放棄的念頭，但是現(xiàn)在他們變得安靜了。A.formed形成；B.escaped逃離；C.accepted接受；D.trapped被困。由文中thoughtsofgivingup可推知，作者還是有放棄的想法。即沒(méi)有逃離這樣的念頭。故選B項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：“我可以做到。”比這句鼓勵(lì)我前進(jìn)的聲音更安靜。A.informed通知；B.persuaded勸說(shuō)，說(shuō)服；C.forced強(qiáng)迫；D.encouraged鼓勵(lì)。由文中thevoicethat____20___meforward—“Icandothis.”可知，這是鼓勵(lì)作者的話，故選D項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)：語(yǔ)法填空(共10小題；每小題2分,共20分)閱讀下面短文，按照句子結(jié)構(gòu)的語(yǔ)法性和上下文連貫的要求，在空格處填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)脑~或使用括號(hào)中詞語(yǔ)的正確形式填空AChinesesayinggoesthat“Firewood,rice,cookingoil,salt,sauce,vinegar___1___teaarethesevennecessitiestobeginaday.”Withoutdoubt,tea___2___(welcome)allovertheworld.AccordingtotheUN,teais___3___(much)thanjustahotdrink.It’sabigpartofmanyculturesaroundtheworld.You___4___(possible)knowthatpeopleinChinausetop-gradetea___5___(show)respectwhenreceivingimportantguests.Meanwhile,theBritishtraditionofafternoonteaisanimportantpartofthatcountry’sidentity.MakingMalaysia’spulledteahasbecomeasortofartform,wheredrinkerstakeprideinitsentertainmentaspects.Asan___6___(express)ofMoroccanhospitality(好客)andtradition,minttea—amixofgreentea,spearmintleavesandsugar—isservedduringgatheringsandnegotiations.Apartfrom___7___(it)culturalsignificance,teaisalsoamedicine,___8___(use)fromancienttimestomoderndays.LiShizhen,___9___wasaChineseMingDynastyherbalist,oncesaid,“Teaiscoldandlowersthefire.”Thehealthbenefitsofteaarestillbeingdiscoveredtoday:preventingheartdisease,obesityandcancerhaveallbeenlinked___10___drinkinggreentea,accordingtotheNationalCenterforBiotechnologyInformationintheUS.【答案】1.and2.iswelcomed3.more4.possibly5.toshow6.expression7.its8.used9.who10.to/with【解析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章對(duì)茶葉的流行、文化內(nèi)涵、藥用價(jià)值等進(jìn)行了介紹。【1題詳解】考查連詞。句意：中國(guó)有句諺語(yǔ)：“柴米油鹽醬醋茶是開(kāi)始一天的七件必需品?！眛ea和“Firewood,rice,cookingoil,salt,sauce,vinegar”是并列關(guān)系，所以應(yīng)用and連接。故填and?！?題詳解】考查一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)，茶葉在世界各地都很受歡迎。此處講述現(xiàn)在的事實(shí)，所以應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。動(dòng)詞welcome意為“歡迎”，和主語(yǔ)tea構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系。主語(yǔ)tea是第三人稱單數(shù)。故填iswelcomed?！?題詳解】考查比較級(jí)。句意：根據(jù)聯(lián)合國(guó)的說(shuō)法，茶不僅僅是一種熱飲。根據(jù)than可知，此處應(yīng)用比較級(jí)。故填more?！?題詳解】考查副詞。句意：你可能知道，在中國(guó)，人們?cè)诮哟匾腿藭r(shí)用上等茶以示尊重。修飾動(dòng)詞know應(yīng)用副詞。故填possibly?！?題詳解】考查todo不定式。句意：你可能知道，在中國(guó)，人們?cè)诮哟匾腿藭r(shí)用上等茶以示尊重。在接待重要客人時(shí)用上等茶是為了表示尊重，所以此處應(yīng)用todo不定式表目的。故填toshow?！?題詳解】考查名詞。句意：薄荷茶是一種混合了綠茶、綠薄荷葉和糖的茶，它體現(xiàn)了摩洛哥的好客和傳統(tǒng)。冠詞an后應(yīng)用名詞。名詞expression意為“表達(dá)”。故填expression?！?題詳解】考查形容詞性物主代詞。句意：除了它的文化意義，茶也是一種藥，從古到今都在使用。修飾名詞significance應(yīng)用形容詞性物主代詞。故填its?！?題詳解】考查過(guò)去分詞。句意：除了它的文化意義，茶也是一種藥，從古到今都在使用。動(dòng)詞use和主語(yǔ)tea構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，且動(dòng)作已完成，所以用過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)。故填used?！?題詳解】考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：中國(guó)明代中醫(yī)師李時(shí)珍曾說(shuō)：“茶涼而降火?！狈窍拗菩远ㄕZ(yǔ)從句中缺少主語(yǔ)，且先行詞LiShizhen，所以應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞who。故填who。【10題詳解】考查介詞和固定搭配。句意：預(yù)防心臟病、肥胖和癌癥都與喝綠茶有關(guān)……belinkedto/with意為“和……有關(guān)”，為固定搭配。故填to/with。第四部分：寫(xiě)作（滿分20分）閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫(xiě)兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。Icouldn'tevensortthroughth