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住在富人區(qū)的她2022年考研考博-考博英語-安徽大學考試名師押題精選卷I(帶答案詳解)(圖片可根據(jù)實際調(diào)整大?。╊}型12345總分得分一.綜合題(共50題)1.單選題
()morbidlyaggressiveperson,hewouldregardevenastareassomekindofintrusion.
問題1選項
A.A
B.Being
C.As
D.Tobe
【答案】A
【解析】考查句子成分。A選項A“一個;一位”;B選項Being“作為”引導主語從句;C選項As“作為”引導定語從句;D選項Tobe“成為”引導目的狀語從句。主句hewouldregardevenastareassomekindofintrusion.(他甚至會把別人的凝視看作是一種冒犯。)句中成分完整,因此可排除B,C,D選項。句意:一個極其好斗的人,他甚至會把一個眼神注視當作一種侵犯。前面的句子用逗號隔開,可充當主語he的同位語。因此A選項符合題意。
2.單選題
Thenoisewasso()thatonlythosewithexcellenthearingwereawareofit.
問題1選項
A.dim
B.quiet
C.gentle
D.faint
【答案】D
【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項dim“不亮的;看不清的”;B選項quiet“安靜的”;C選項gentle“溫和的;文雅的;高尚的”;D選項faint“微弱的;模糊的;不清楚的”。句意:噪音非?!灾劣谥挥芯哂辛己寐犃Φ娜瞬拍苈牭?。詞組sothat“如此……以至于……”后半句只有聽力非常出色的人才能聽到,由此可知,噪音是非常微弱的。故選D。
3.單選題
Wedidn’texpectthatthelocalgovernmentwassoefficient;allthethingswentwithaminimum()andmaximumspeed.
問題1選項
A.autonomy
B.automation
C.frequency
D.bureaucracy
【答案】D
【解析】考查名詞解析。A選項autonomy“自治”;B選項automation“自動化”;C選項frequency“頻率;頻繁”;D選項bureaucracy“官僚主義”。句意:我們真沒料想當?shù)卣故侨绱酥v效率,所有事情以最低的……和最快的速度進行。governmentwassoefficient“政府的辦事效率高”,可以說明現(xiàn)在政府中一些官僚主義減少了。因此D選項符合題意。
4.單選題
Hecould()shadowyfigureofamanstandingamongthetrees.
問題1選項
A.disguise
B.discern
C.disinterest
D.discover
【答案】B
【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項disguise“掩飾;假裝”;B選項discern“察覺出;識別”;C選項disinterest“使不關心;使沒興趣”;D選項discover“發(fā)現(xiàn);發(fā)覺”。句意:他能夠……站在樹與樹之間的人的模糊身影。根據(jù)關鍵詞shadowyfigureofaman“一個人的模糊身影”,在句中他有這個能力識別出那個模糊的身影。因此B選項符合題意。
5.單選題
Thereisavirtuallimitonhowlongwecanhopetoremainalive,howeverluckyand()weare.
問題1選項
A.vulnerable
B.rigorous
C.vicious
D.robust
【答案】D
【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項vulnerable“易受攻擊的;易受傷害的”;B選項rigorous“嚴格的;嚴厲的”;C選項vicious“惡毒的;惡意的”;D選項robust“強健的;健康的”。句意:不論我們多么幸運、多么……,我們能存活多長時間是有限度的。根據(jù)前面的信息lucky“幸運的”,那么與之并列的形容詞也應該為積極的詞匯。由此可以排除A,B,C選項。而后面說到的是remainalive“活著”可以知道應該與描述身體的詞匯有關。因此D選項符合題意。
6.單選題
Thefoxwatchedthem()fromthesafetyofanearbyfield.
問題1選項
A.goingpassed
B.togopass
C.goingpast
D.togopast
【答案】C
【解析】考查感官動詞的搭配。感官動詞watch后面需要接省略to的不定式,表示動作發(fā)生的過程已經(jīng)結束。因此可排除CD選項,后接doing作賓語補足語時通常表示動作正在進行中或狀態(tài)。句意:那只狐貍在旁邊安全的地方看著他們經(jīng)過。A選項passed是動詞pass的過去式,而句中需要一個副詞來修飾動詞go,由此C選項的past作副詞時表“經(jīng)過”,符合句意,故選C。
7.單選題
Thedirectionswereso()thatitwasimpossibletocompletetheassignment.
問題1選項
A.ingenious
B.notorious
C.ambitious
D.ambiguous
【答案】D
【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項ingenious“機靈的;心靈手巧的”;B選項notorious“聲名狼藉的;臭名昭著的”;C選項ambitious“有雄心的;野心勃勃的”;D選項ambiguous“模糊不清的;模棱兩可的”。句意:這些指示太不明確了,以致不可能完成任務。因此D選項符合題意。
8.單選題
BillGates,thebillionaireMicrosoftchairmanwithoutasingleearneduniversitydegree,isbyhissuccessraisingnewdoubtsabouttheworthofthebusinessworld’sfavoriteacademictitle;theMBA(MasterofBusinessAdministration).
TheMBA,a20th-centuryproduct,alwayshasbornethemarkoflowlycommerceandgreedonthetree-linedcampusesruledbypurerdisciplinessuchasphilosophyandliterature.
Butevenwiththerecessionapparentlycuttingintothehiringofbusinessschoolgraduates,about79,000peopleareexpectedtoreceiveMBAsin1993.Thisisnearly16timesthenumberofbusinessgraduatesin1960,atestimonytothewidespreadassumptionthattheMBAisvitalforyoungmenandwomenwhowanttoruncompaniessomeday.
“Ifyouaregoingintothecorporateworlditisstilladisadvantagenottohaveone,”saidDonaldMorrison,professorofmarketingandmanagementscience.“Butinthelastfiveyearsorso,whensomeonesays,‘ShouldIattempttogetanMBA’,theansweralotmoreis:Itdepends.”
ThesuccessofBillGatesandothernon-MBAs,suchasthelateSamWaltonofWal-MartStoresInc.,hashelpedinspireself-consciousdebatesonbusinessschoolcampusesovertheworthofabusinessdegreeandwhethermanagementskillscanbetaught.
TheHarvardBusinessReviewprintedalively,fictionalexchangeofletterstodramatizecomplaintsaboutbusinessdegreeholders.
ThearticlecalledMBAhires“extremelydisappointing”andsaid“MBAswanttomoveuptoofast,theydon’tunderstandpoliticsandpeople,andtheyaren’tabletofunctionaspartofateamuntiltheirthirdyear.Butbythen,they’reoutlookingforotherjobs.”
Theproblem,mostparticipantsinthedebateacknowledge,isthattheMBAhasacquiredanauraoffuturerichesandpowerfarbeyonditsactualimportanceandusefulness.
Enrollmentinbusinessschoolsexplodedinthe1970sand1980sandcreatedtheassumptionthatnoonewhopursuedabusinesscareercoulddowithoutone.Thegrowthwasfueledbyabacklashagainsttheanti-businessvaluesofthe1960sandbythewomen’smovement.
BusinesspeoplewhohavehiredorworkedwithMBAssaythosewiththedegreesoftenknowhowtoanalyzesystemsbutarenotsoskillfulatmotivatingpeople.“Theydon’tgetalotofgroundinginthepeoplesideofthebusiness”,saidJamesShaffer,vice-presidentandprincipaloftheTowersPerrinmanagementconsultingfirm.
38.ItseemsthatthecontroversyoverthevalueofMBAdegreeshadbeenfueledmainlyby().
39.WhatisthemajorweaknessofMBAholdersaccordingtotheHarvardBusinessReview?
40.FromthepassageweknowthatmostMBAs().
41.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?
問題1選項
A.thecomplaintsfromvariousemployers
B.thesuccessofmanynon-MBAs
C.thecriticismfromthescientistsofpurerdisciplines
D.thepoorperformanceofMBAsatwork
問題2選項
A.Theyareusuallyself-centered.
B.Theyareaggressiveandgreedy.
C.Theykeepcomplainingabouttheirjobs.
D.Theyarenotgoodatdealingwithpeople.
問題3選項
A.canclimbthecorporateladderfairlyquickly
B.quittheirjobsoncetheyarefamiliarwiththeirworkmates
C.receivesalariesthatdonotmatchtheirprofessionaltraining
D.cherishunrealisticexpectationsabouttheirfuture
問題4選項
A.WhythereisanincreasedenrollmentinMBAprograms.
B.ThenecessityofreformingMBAprogramsinbusinessschools.
C.DoubtsabouttheworthofholdinganMBAdegree.
D.Adebateheldrecentlyonuniversitycampuses.
【答案】第1題:B
第2題:D
第3題:D
第4題:C
【解析】38.客觀細節(jié)題。定位到第五段ThesuccessofBillGatesandothernon-MBAs,suchasthelateSamWaltonofWal-MartStoresInc.,hashelpedinspireself-consciousdebatesonbusinessschoolcampusesovertheworthofabusinessdegreeandwhethermanagementskillscanbetaught.(比爾?蓋茨和其他非MBA畢業(yè)生如Wal-Mart連鎖店的SamWalton的成功,在商校校園里引起了有關工商學位的價值和管理技能是否可以通過教育獲得等問題的自發(fā)討論。),由此可知是由許多非MBA人士的成功促使了對MBA學位的價值的爭論,因此B選項“非MBA人士的成功”正確,符合題意。A選項“來自不同雇主的投訴”,C選項“來自純粹學科的科學家的批評”,D選項“MBA人士在工作中的糟糕表現(xiàn)”,均與題意不符,故選B。
39.客觀細節(jié)題。定位在第七段MBAswanttomoveuptoofast,theydon’tunderstandpoliticsandpeople,andtheyaren’tabletofunctionaspartofateamuntiltheirthirdyear.(MBA雇員太急于升職,他們不了解政治情況和人,直到第三年才能夠適應團隊工作。)和最后一段的butarenotsoskillfulatmotivatingpeople.(但是并不善于激勵人)因此D選項“他們不善于與人打交道”正確,符合題意。A選項“他們通常以自我為中心”,B選項“他們好斗又貪婪”,C選項“他們不斷抱怨自己的工作”,信息都過于負面,與題意不符。故選D。
40.客觀細節(jié)題。定位在文章的第八段Theproblem,mostparticipantsinthedebateacknowledge,isthattheMBAhasacquiredanauraoffuturerichesandpowerfarbeyonditsactualimportanceandusefulness.(大部分參加辯論的人認為,問題的關鍵是MBA獲得者得到的是超越實際重要性和作用的未來財富和權利的光環(huán)。)可知很多MBA人士對未來抱有不切實際的期望,因此D選項“對他們的未來抱有不切實際的期望”正確,符合題意。A選項“能很快地爬上公司的階梯”,B選項“一旦和同事熟悉了就辭職”,C選項“得到的工資與其專業(yè)培訓不符”。A,B,C選項在文中均未提及,可排除。故選D。
41.主旨大意題。本文圍繞“MBA學位的價值”展開敘述,闡述了MBA興起和興盛,比爾?蓋茨和其他非MBA畢業(yè)生的成功,在商校校園里引起了有關工商學位的價值和管理技能是否可以通過教育獲得等問題的自發(fā)討論,并且分析了MBA獲得者們的問題和劣勢。因此C選項“對獲得MBA學位的價值的懷疑?!闭_,符合題意。A選項“為什么MBA項目的注冊人數(shù)增加了”,B選項“商學院MBA項目改革的必要性”,D選項“一場最近在大學校園舉行的辯論”都不是文章的主要內(nèi)容,故選C。
9.翻譯題
西部開發(fā)中國改革開放以來,國民經(jīng)濟年均增長速度達到9.7%。中國已經(jīng)發(fā)展成為一個全球極富吸引力的大市場。世界各國和地區(qū)不少有遠見卓識的企業(yè)家,都將目光投向了中國投向了西部并從投資活動中獲得了豐厚的回報。中國加入世貿(mào)組織后,外商參與中國西部開發(fā)的機會將越來越多。西部大開發(fā)一定能成為溝通世界各國和中國的一座橋梁,促進中國和世界經(jīng)濟共同發(fā)展、共同繁榮。
【答案】WesternDevelopment10.單選題
Thepolicechargedthemanwiththe()ofthewatch.
問題1選項
A.steal
B.theft
C.thief
D.thesis
【答案】B
【解析】考查同形詞辨析。A選項steal“偷竊”,動詞;B選項theft“偷,盜竊”,名詞;C選項thief“小偷,竊賊”;D選項thesis“論文;論點”。句意:警察控告這名男子……了手表。本句的主語是Thepolice“警察”,謂語charged“控告”,賓語theman“這個男人”,with接賓語補足語。句中已經(jīng)有了謂語動詞,空格內(nèi)應填入偷竊的名詞。chargesb.withsth.“控告某人某事”,因此B選項符合題意。
11.單選題
If()toheavypressure,castironwillcrack.
問題1選項
A.subjecting
B.beingsubjected
C.subjected
D.havingsubjected
【答案】C
【解析】考查條件句的主語省略。當條件句的主語與主句的主語一致時,可省略主語。主句里面的主語是castiron“鑄鐵”,條件句省略了主語castiron,壓力是由鑄鐵來承受的,因此應該使用subject的過去分詞。句意:如果承受重大壓力,鑄鐵也會斷裂。完整版本應是Ifit’ssubjectedtoheavypressure,castironwillcrack.因此C選項符合題意。
12.單選題
ShoppingintheUnitedStatesisalwaysapleasantexperience.Therearedifferenttypesofshopsthatoperatetocatertoyourdifferentneeds.Tobuygroceries,youcangototheconveniencestore,thesupermarketorthemassmerchandiser(suchasWallMart).Tobuysomeclothesandbig-ticketitemsyoucangotothemallorfactoryoutlets.
Everygrocerystorehaspromotionsondifferentkindsofproductseveryweek.Usuallyyoucanfindastoreweeklynewspaperwithfeaturedpromotionsforthatparticularweek.Iamabargainhunter,forwardbuyingalotofdailyproductsifIfeelIneedtheminthefuture.Once,IsawafeaturedpromotiononPantene2in1shampooplusconditioner(護發(fā)素).AlthoughIdidnotneeditatthattime,Ifeltitwasagreatdeal.SoIdecidedtobuy2bottles.However,IcouldnotfindanysuchPanteneontheshelf.Iwenttoasalesclerkandaskedifhecouldfindanyforme.Hetoldmethatthestorewasoutofthestockanditwouldnothaveanyinuntilthenextweek.Theunfortunatethingwasthatbythenthepromotionwouldbeover.However,theclerktoldmethatIcouldgothecustomerservicecounterandIwouldbegivenaraincheck,whichwouldguaranteethepromotionpriceformeonthatparticularitem.
AshoppingmallintheStatesiscomposedofmanyindividualspecialtyshopsandnationwidechainstores,suchasSearsandJCPenny.Whatimpressesmemostwhenshoppingisitsreturnpolicy.Nomatterwhatyoubuy,shoes,pantsorbig-ticketitemssuchasJVandVCR,ifyoufindsomeproblemswiththemorsimplydonotlikethemanylonger,youcanreturnthemwithin30days.Youwon’tbechallengedatthecustomerservicecounteraslongasyouhaveyourreceipt.Ofcoursetherearesomepeoplewhomighttakeadvantageofthisreturnpolicy,especiallywhentheyneedsomethingforamomentaryuse.That’swhyyoucanfindalonglineofpeoplewaitingtoreturntheirgoodsrightafterChristmas.
5.Whatdoestheword“big-ticket”(Para.1)mostprobablymean?
6.Itcanbeinferredfromthesecondparagraphthattheauthor().
7.Accordingtotheauthor,thereturnpolicyofthemall().
8.TheauthorthinksmanypeoplereturntheirgoodsafterChristmasbecause().
問題1選項
A.Alargeamountof.
B.Name-brand.
C.Highlyprice.
D.Hugespaceoccupied.
問題2選項
A.couldbuyPanteneinthefollowingweekatthepromotionprice
B.boughtwhathewantedwiththehelpofthesalesclerk
C.didn’tbuyPanteneshampooforhedidn’tneeditatthattime
D.wouldn’tbuyPantenethenextweekforthepromotionwouldbeover
問題3選項
A.isasgoodaspromotionsofgrocerystores
B.isimpressivebutnotpleasing
C.benefitsthecustomers
D.istakenadvantagebypoorpeople
問題4選項
A.therearesomeproblemswiththeirgoods
B.theydon’tlikethegoodsanylonger
C.theyarechallengedatthecustomerservicecounter
D.theyjustwanttousethemforaveryshorttime
【答案】第1題:C
第2題:A
第3題:C
第4題:D
【解析】5.詞義推測題。根據(jù)原文Nomatterwhatyoubuy,shoes,pantsorbig-ticketitemssuchasJVandVCR,ifyoufindsomeproblemswiththemorsimplydonotlikethemanylonger,youcanreturnthemwithin30days.(不管你買什么,鞋子、褲子或者是像電視和錄像機這樣的……物品,如果你發(fā)現(xiàn)它們有問題,或只是不喜歡它們了,你都可以在30天內(nèi)退掉它們。)big-ticket放在名詞前由此可推測出它是一個形容詞。前面講的是小物件,后面指的是像電視機或者錄像機價格比較貴的物品。因此C選項“價格很高的”正確,符合題意。A選項“大量的”;B選項“名牌的”;D選項“巨大占地方的”均不符題意,故選C。
6.推理判斷題。定位在第二段最后一句However,theclerktoldmethatIcouldgothecustomerservicecounterandIwouldbegivenaraincheck,whichwouldguaranteethepromotionpriceformeonthatparticularitem.(不過,他告訴我,我可以到顧客服務臺去拿一張推遲票,這張票確保我以后會以促銷價買到那東西。)由此可知作者之后還是能夠以促銷價買到潘婷,因此A選項“可以在下周以促銷價購買潘婷”正確,符合題意。B選項“在售貨員的幫助下買了他想要的東西”,根據(jù)原文However,IcouldnotfindanysuchPanteneontheshelf.(然而,我在架子上找不到這樣的潘婷。)和Hetoldmethatthestorewasoutofthestockanditwouldnothaveanyinuntilthenextweek.(他告訴我這家商店沒有存貨了,要到下周才能進貨)可知,作者并沒有立馬獲得,售貨員的建議是拿一張推遲票,可以在下周買。表述有誤,可排除。C選項“沒有買潘婷洗發(fā)水,因為他當時不需要”,根據(jù)原文AlthoughIdidnotneeditatthattime,Ifeltitwasagreatdeal.SoIdecidedtobuy2bottles.(雖然我當時不需要它,但我覺得它真的很值。所以我決定買兩瓶。),可知作者還是決定要買,表述有誤,可排除。D選項“下周不會買潘婷,因為促銷活動將要結束了”,干擾項,文章中只說作者有這個打算,但最后有沒有買下來并未提及,可排除。故選A。
7.推理判斷題。定位在第三段Whatimpressesmemostwhenshoppingisitsreturnpolicy.(退貨政策讓作者印象最深。)30天內(nèi)可退貨,而且Youwon’tbechallengedatthecustomerservicecounteraslongasyouhaveyourreceipt.(只要你有收據(jù),顧客服務臺就不會有人為難你。)由此可推理,退貨政策是能夠讓顧客受益的。因此C選項“使顧客受益”正確,符合題意。A選項“和雜貨店的促銷活動一樣好”與題意無關,可排除。B選項“令人印象深刻但不討人喜歡”,作者對保護權益的退貨政策是很滿意的,只是后面說到了這個政策會被人鉆空子。D選項“被窮人占了便宜”,定位到原文Ofcoursetherearesomepeoplewhomighttakeadvantageofthisreturnpolicy,especiallywhentheyneedsomethingforamomentaryuse.(當然,有些人可能會利用這種退貨政策,特別是當他們需要一些暫時使用的東西時。)并沒有說明占便宜的一定是窮人,可排除。故選C。
8.推理判斷題。定位在第三段Ofcoursetherearesomepeoplewhomighttakeadvantageofthisreturnpolicy,especiallywhentheyneedsomethingforamomentaryuse.That’swhyyoucanfindalonglineofpeoplewaitingtoreturntheirgoodsrightafterChristmas.(當然,有些人會利用這個退貨政策占便宜,尤其當他們只是暫時需要某種東西的時候。這就是為什么在過完圣誕節(jié)之后,你會看到人們排著長隊等著退貨。)由此可知圣誕后很多人退貨是因為他們只需要暫時使用,因此D選項“他們只想在很短的時間內(nèi)使用它們”正確,符合題意。A選項“他們的貨物有些問題”,B選項“他們不再喜歡這些商品了”,C選項“他們在客戶服務柜臺受到質(zhì)詢”,A,B,C選項均與題意不符,可排除,故選D。
13.單選題
I’dratheryou()bytrain,becauseIcan’tbeartheideaofyourbeinginanairplaneinsuchbadweather.
問題1選項
A.went
B.wouldgo
C.shouldgo
D.hadgone
【答案】A
【解析】考查虛擬語氣。wouldrather后接句子時,句子謂語習慣上要用虛擬語氣,常用一般過去時表示現(xiàn)在或?qū)淼脑竿>湟猓何覍幵改阕疖嚾?,因為我無法忍受你在這種糟糕的天氣還要乘飛機的想法。動詞go的一般過去式為went,故選A。
14.單選題
Onlyafterhehasacquiredconsiderablefacilityinspeaking().
問題1選項
A.thenhelearnsreadingandwriting
B.doeshelearntoreadandwrite
C.finallycomesreadingandwriting
D.hebegantoreadandtowrite
【答案】B
【解析】考查部分倒裝。Only+副詞/介詞短語/狀語從句位于句首時,主句要用部分倒裝。即需要將be動詞/助動詞/情態(tài)動詞放在主語前,句中的實義動詞位置不變。句意:他只有在獲得相當多的說的能力之后,才學會讀和寫。AD選項都沒有使用倒裝,可以排除,C選項倒裝后句中缺少主語,故選B。
15.單選題
Itwasobviousthathehadbeendrinkingfartoomuchfromthewayhecame()downthestreet.
問題1選項
A.hobbling
B.stumbling
C.staggering
D.limping
【答案】C
【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項hobbling“蹣跚;跛行”;B選項stumbling“躊躇;蹣跚”;C選項staggering“蹣跚;踉蹌”;D選項limping“跛行”。句意:他……地走到街上,很明顯是喝太多了。hobble“跛行”,尤其是因為腳或腿受傷而行走困難。stumble“絆倒”,一般指走路或跑步時腳碰到某物,差點摔倒。stagger“踉蹌”,其現(xiàn)在分詞staggering可表示“(因生病、醉酒等)搖晃地走”。limp“一瘸一拐地走”,一般是因為一條腿受傷而緩慢或困難地走。而空格內(nèi)應填入一個動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞充當伴隨狀語修飾謂語動詞came,前面提及到hehadbeendrinkingfartoomuch“他喝多了”可知他是因為喝多了而走路不穩(wěn)。因此C選項符合題意。
16.單選題
Thingshavereallychanged.Notonlyisthemilitarystandingtallagain,itisstagingaremarkablecomebackinthequantityandqualityoftherecruitsitisattracting.Recruiters,oncedenouncedbyantiwarstudentsas“babykillers”andbarredfromcampuses,arewelcomedeverateliteuniversities.ROTC(ReserveOfficer’sTrainingCorps)programsthatfalteredduringtheVietNamera,whenprotesterswerefirebombingtheirheadquarters,areflourishingagain.Themilitaryacademiesareenjoyingasteadyincreaseinapplications.
Certainly,thedepressedeconomyhasincreasedtheallureofthejobs,technicaltrainingandgenerousstudentloansofferedbythemilitary.Studentsknowthatiftheygoinandbecome,say,nuclearweaponsspecialists,theycancomeoutanddemandasalaryof$60,000ayear.Militarysalaries,whilenotalwayscompetitivewiththosepaidforcomparablejobsintheprivatesector,aremorethanrespectable,especiallyconsideringthewidearrayofbenefitsthatareavailable,freemedicalservice,roomandboard,andPX(PostExchange)privileges.Monthlypayforarecruitis$574;forasergeantwithfouryearsservicesitis$906;foramajorwithtenyears’serviceitis$2,305.Theservicesslick$175million-a-yearadvertisingcampaignpromisingadventureandfulfillmenthashelpedwinovertheTVgeneration.Kidsarewalkingdowntheschoolhallwayschanting‘Army,Navy,AirForce,Marines,’justlikeinthecommercials.Andmanymilitaryofficialsfeelthatthekeydifferenceistheenhancedpatriotismamongthenation’syouth.Thereisareturntotheviewthatthemilitaryisanhonorableprofession.ThedaysofajudgetellingamiscreanttojointheArmyorgotojailareover.Recruitingforallfourservicescombinedisrunningat101%ofauthorizedgoals.Andtheretentionrateisnowsohigh,thattheservicesarerefusingsomere-enlistmentapplicationsandreducingannualrecruitingtarget.
Themilitaryacademicsarealsoenjoyingprosperousyears,attractingmoreandbetter-qualifiedstudents.Comparedtoprivatecolleges,wheretuitionandexpenseshavebeenclimbingsharply,theserviceschoolsarearealbargainnotonlyistuitionfree,butrecruitsgetallowancesofupto$500amouth.Itisreported12,300applicantsareforthe1,450positionsinthisyear’sfreshmanclass.Militaryacademiesarenowjustasselectiveasanyofthebestuniversitiesinthecountry.
Nationwide,ROTCenrollmentexceeds105,000,a64%increaseoverthe1974figure.Inthemid70’s,theROTCstudentsrefusedtoweartheiruniformsoncampusbecausetheysufferedallsortsofridiculeiftheydid.Nowiftheywearthemtoclassnoonelooksatthemtwice.Tothem,VietNamisancienthistory,somethingtheoldfolkstalkabout.
31.Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?
32.Whatwastheattitudeofthestudentsin1970’stowardsthemilitary?
33.Thephrase“comeout”isclosestinmeaningto().
34.WhichoneofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasareasontoattractstudents?
35.Accordingtotheendingparagraphwhatarestudent’sattitudetowardtheirclassmateswearinguniformstoclass?
問題1選項
A.TheMilitaryisin
B.TheMilitaryisout
C.TheMilitaryisdown
D.TheMilitaryison
問題2選項
A.Approval
B.Indifference
C.Distaste
D.Admiration
問題3選項
A.“becomevisible”
B.“begintogrow”
C.“bemadepublic”
D.“graduatefromcollege”
問題4選項
A.Freetuition
B.Spaciousroom
C.Considerableallowance
D.Technicaltraining
問題5選項
A.Theyareinfuriated
B.Theywanttofollowsuit
C.Theythinkthemstrange
D.Theytakeitforgranted
【答案】第1題:A
第2題:C
第3題:D
第4題:B
第5題:D
【解析】31.主旨大意題。定位在第一段Notonlyisthemilitarystandingtallagain,itisstagingaremarkablecomebackinthequantityandqualityoftherecruitsitisattracting.(軍隊形象不僅高大,招收新兵的質(zhì)量和數(shù)量明顯得到恢復。)說明軍隊回到了原來有魅力的時刻了,又開始變得流行起來了。因此A選項“軍隊又流行了”符合題意,正確。B選項“軍隊過時了”,C選項“軍隊垮了”,D選項“軍隊開始了”,B,C,D選項均不符合題意,可排除。故選A。
32.客觀細節(jié)題。定位在最后一段的第二句Inthemid70’s,theROTCstudentsrefusedtoweartheiruniformsoncampusbecausetheysufferedallsortsofridiculeiftheydid.(70年代中期,后備軍官訓練隊的學生拒絕在校園里穿制服,因為如果穿了,他們會遭到各種嘲笑。)由此可知那時候?qū)W生對于軍隊是特別不喜歡的。因此C選項“厭惡”正確,符合題意。A選項“認可”,B選項“冷漠;不關心”,D選項“欽佩;贊賞”均不符合題意。故選C。
33.詞義推測題。由關鍵詞定位到文章第二段Studentsknowthatiftheygoinandbecome,say,nuclearweaponsspecialists,theycancomeoutanddemandasalaryof$60,000ayear.(學生們知道,要是進入軍隊,當上核武器專家,他們就能出來并可要求6萬美元年薪。)學生們是需要先進入軍隊學習后,當上了核武器專家,那么從軍隊出來后對年薪可提出要求。因此地點應該定位軍校,從軍校出來即學成畢業(yè)。因此D選項“從大學畢業(yè)”,符合題意,正確。A選項“成為可見的”,B選項“開始生長”,C選項“使公開”,均不符合題意。故選D。
34.客觀細節(jié)題。定位到第二段Certainly,thedepressedeconomyhasincreasedtheallureofthejobs,technicaltrainingandgenerousstudentloansofferedbythemilitary.(可以肯定的是,低迷的經(jīng)濟增加了軍隊提供的工作、技術培訓和慷慨的學生貸款的吸引力。)Militarysalaries,whilenotalwayscompetitivewiththosepaidforcomparablejobsintheprivatesector,aremorethanrespectable,especiallyconsideringthewidearrayofbenefitsthatareavailable,freemedicalservice,roomandboard,andPX(PostExchange)privileges.(軍隊薪資盡管比不上私人公司中類似工作的工資,但已經(jīng)很可觀了,尤其考慮到軍隊里有一系列的福利待遇,如免費醫(yī)療,膳宿,軍人消費合作社特惠等。)和第三段的Comparedtoprivatecolleges,wheretuitionandexpenseshavebeenclimbingsharply,theserviceschoolsarearealbargainnotonlyistuitionfree,butrecruitsgetallowancesofupto$500amouth.(私立大學里,學費和各類費用一直急劇上升,相比之下,上軍事院校確實便宜,不僅學費全免,新生每月還可拿500美元的補貼。)可知軍隊吸引學生的原因包含A選項“免學費”,C選項“可觀的津貼”和D選項“技術培訓”,B選項“寬敞的房間”并未提及。故選B。
35.客觀細節(jié)題。定位到最后一段Nowiftheywearthemtoclassnoonelooksatthemtwice.(現(xiàn)在如果他們穿著去上課,沒人會多看一眼。)說明現(xiàn)在穿制服去上課,已經(jīng)是很普遍的事情了。因此D選項“他們認為這是理所當然的”正確,符合題意。A選項“他們被激怒了”,B選項“他們想效仿”,C選項“他們覺得他們很奇怪”,均不符合題意,故選D。
17.單選題
Agrowingnumberofcollegeofficials,guidancecounselorsandeducationexpertswouldliketoeliminate,orsharplycurtail(減少)earlyadmission(提前錄取)—aprocessinwhichmanycollegesadmitasubstantialpercentageoftheirstudentsinthefall.Controversyisparticularlyheatedregardingmanyearlyadmissionprogramsthatrequireapplicantstogiveupthechancetoapplyelsewhere.
Opponentsofearlyadmissionsofferseveralcriticisms.Thepracticeintensifiesanunhealthylevelofcompetitionforadmissiontothenation’stopcollegesanduniversities,theysay.Moreover,criticssay,earlyadmissionunfairlygivesaleguptosomeapplicants,mostlythosewhoalreadyhavemanyadvantages-studentsateliteprivateschoolsandwealthypublicschoolswherefamiliesandguidancecounselorsknowhowtoworktheanglesoftheadmissionssystem.
ThepresidentofYaleUniversityfueledthedebateearlierthismonthbyproposingthatYaleandothereliteinstitutionsconsiderabandoningtheearlyprograms.Inasignofjusthowcompetitivetheadmissionsprocesshasbecome,hesaidhisuniversitycouldnotmakesuchamovealone.Evensomestudentswhogainearlyadmissiontothecollegestheywantsaytheprocessinvolvestoomuchpressure,toosoon.
Theuseof“earlydecision”and“earlyaction”programs,which,indifferentways,grantadmissiontostudentsmonthsaheadoftheusualspringnotifications,hassoaredinrecentyearsandisatwhatsomesayarerecordhighs.ManytopprivatecollegesnowacceptmorethanathirdoftheirfreshmanclassesintheweeksbeforeChristmas,significantlyreducingthenumberofspotsavailableinthespring.Fornextyear,Stanfordalreadyhaspicked34%ofitsfreshmanclass;Yalehaschosen42%ofits.TheUniversityofPennsylvaniahaslockedup49.5%ofitsenteringclass.
Earlyadmissionpolicieshaveexistedforatleast20years.Buttheiruse—andthecontroversyaroundthem—hasgrowninthelastdecade,especiallysincethemid-1990s,whenYale,PrincetonandStanfordallinstitutedbindingearlydecision.Theprogramsclearlybenefitcolleges,allowingschoolstolockintalentedyoungscholarsandenhancetheirownstandingsintheinfluentialcollegerankings.
31.Insomepeople’sopinion,earlyadmissions().
32.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat().
33.Accordingtothepassage,Yaleclaimedthat().
34.Inrecentyears,earlyadmissions().
35.Theauthor’sattitudetoearlyadmissionis().
問題1選項
A.willbeabolishedinthefuture
B.causeunfaircompetitionincolleges
C.attractmoreandmorestudents
D.arepopularwithoutentranceexams
問題2選項
A.earlyadmissionsincludeexcellentstudentsineveryschool
B.parentsareagainstearlyadmissionsabsolutely
C.manyparentslearnlittleabouttheearlyadmissionsystem
D.thepeoplewhohavetheupperhandhasmorechancesinearlyadmissions
問題3選項
A.theyweresatisfiedwiththestudentsfromearlyadmissions
B.theywerecriticalofthedeedofothercolleges
C.theywereawareofthedisadvantagesoftheearlyadmissionsystem
D.theywouldreformthecurrentearlyadmissionsystem
問題4選項
A.changedthestandardfully
B.werelesscompetitive
C.werebecomingmoreandmorepopular
D.werenotpublicizedinspringanylonger
問題5選項
A.optimistic
B.pessimistic
C.despairing
D.conservative
【答案】第1題:B
第2題:D
第3題:C
第4題:C
第5題:A
【解析】31.推理判斷題。定位在文章第二段第一句Opponentsofearlyadmissionsofferseveralcriticisms.(反對提前錄取的人提出了一些批評言論。)Thepracticeintensifiesanunhealthylevelofcompetitionforadmissiontothenation’stopcollegesanduniversities,theysay.(他們說,這種做法加劇了進入美國頂尖大學的不健康競爭。)由此可知提前錄取會引起大學不公平競爭。B選項“會造成大學里不公平的競爭”正確,符合題意。A選項“將來會被廢除”,C選項“吸引越來越多的學生”,D選項“沒有入學考試很受歡迎”,A,C,D在文章中并未涉及,可排除。故選B。
32.推理判斷題。定位在第二段最后一句Moreover,criticssay,earlyadmissionunfairlygivesaleguptosomeapplicants,mostlythosewhoalreadyhavemanyadvantages-studentsateliteprivateschoolsandwealthypublicschoolswherefamiliesandguidancecounselorsknowhowtoworktheanglesoftheadmissionssystem.(此外,批評人士說,提前錄取不公平地讓一些申請人獲得了優(yōu)勢,主要是那些已經(jīng)有很多優(yōu)勢的學生——就讀于精英私立學校和富裕的公立學校的學生,這些學校的家庭和輔導員都知道如何從招生系統(tǒng)的角度出發(fā)。)A選項“每所學校的優(yōu)秀生都被提前錄取”,B選項“家長堅決反對提前錄取”,C選項“許多家長對提前錄取制度了解甚少”,A,B,C選項在文章中并未提及,可排除。D選項“那些占上風的人在提前錄取方面機會更大”正確,故選D。
33.推理判斷題。定位在第三段ThepresidentofYaleUniversityfueledthedebateearlierthismonthbyproposingthatYaleandothereliteinstitutionsconsiderabandoningtheearlyprograms.(本月早些時候,耶魯大學的總統(tǒng)教授提出,耶魯和其他精英機構應該考慮放棄早期的項目,這引發(fā)了這場爭論。)Evensomestudentswhogainearlyadmissiontothecollegestheywantsaytheprocessinvolvestoomuchpressure,toosoon.(甚至一些提前被他們想要的大學錄取的學生也說,這個過程壓力太大,太早了。)由此推論耶魯大學和提前錄取的學生都覺得這項制度有不合理的地方。A選項“他們對提前錄取的學生感到滿意”,未提及。B選項“他們對其他學院的行為持批評態(tài)度”,只是倡議取消,并未提出批評,C選項“他們意識到了提前錄取制度的弊端”正確,正是意識到了弊端才會提出考慮放棄提前錄取的項目。D選項“他們將改革現(xiàn)行的提前錄取制度”,太過肯定,還處在提議爭論中,并未得出結果。故選C。
34.推理判斷題。定位在第四段第一句Theuseof“earlydecision”and“earlyaction”programs,which,indifferentways,grantadmissiontostudentsmonthsaheadoftheusualspringnotifications,hassoaredinrecentyearsandisatwhatsomesayarerecordhighs.(“提前決定”和“提前行動”項目的使用,以不同的方式,讓學生比通常的春季通知提前幾個月被錄取。近年來,這些項目的使用激增,有人說達到了創(chuàng)紀錄的高點。)Earlyadmissionpolicieshaveexistedforatleast20years.Buttheiruse—andthecontroversyaroundthem—hasgrowninthelastdecade…(提前錄取政策已經(jīng)存在了至少20年。但它們的使用——以及圍繞它們的爭議——在過去10年中不斷增長),由關鍵詞soar“激增”,grown“生長,擴大”,我們可以推理出提前錄取到現(xiàn)在還是普遍盛行的。因此C選項“變得越來越受歡迎”正確。A選項“完全改變了標準”并未談及標準,B選項“競爭性較弱”,Thepracticeintensifiesanunhealthylevelofcompetitionforadmissiontothenation’stopcollegesanduniversities,theysay.(他們說,這種做法加劇了進入美國頂尖大學的不健康競爭。)表述錯誤,D選項“在春天不再宣傳了”,據(jù)第四段第一句可知,表述有誤。故選C。
35.觀點態(tài)度題。定位在文章中的最后一句Theprogramsclearlybenefitcolleges,allowingschoolstolockintalentedyoungscholarsandenhancetheirownstandingsintheinfluentialcollegerankings.(這些項目顯然對大學而言是有利的,允許學校鎖定有才華的年輕學者,提高自己在有影響力的大學中的地位排名。)由此可知作者覺得這項制度還是有利可取的。故A選項“樂觀的”正確。B選項“悲觀的”,C選項“絕望的”,D選項“保守的”均可排除,故選A。
18.單選題
Itwouldbe()toarriveataconclusionnow.
問題1選項
A.premier
B.premature
C.preliminary
D.prior
【答案】B
【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項premier“首要的;第一的”;B選項premature“早產(chǎn)的;不成熟的”;C選項preliminary“初步的;預備的”;D選項prior“先前的;優(yōu)先的”。句意:現(xiàn)在就下結論會……。在任何時候都可以做出一個決定,如果這項決定沒有深思熟慮過,那么實施起來就會遇到問題,所以不能夠過早的下定結論。因此B選項符合題意。
19.單選題
Xi,togetherwithhis()wife,isheadedtoaBRICSsummittobeheldinDurban,SouthAfrica,aftermeetingwithRussianpresidentVladimirPutininMoscowonhisfirststatevisitasChina’spresident.
問題1選項
A.gregarious
B.glamorous
C.informative
D.inevitable
【答案】B
【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項gregarious“社交的;群居的”;B選項glamorous“迷人的;富有魅力的”;C選項informative“提供有用信息的;
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