2022年考研考博-考博英語(yǔ)-首都經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）試卷號(hào)58

住在富人區(qū)的她2022年考研考博-考博英語(yǔ)-首都經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）（圖片可根據(jù)實(shí)際調(diào)整大?。╊}型12345總分得分一.綜合題(共50題)1.單選題

This（）tothestudyofdiseasesistechnicallyreferredtoasepidemiological.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.method

B.solution

C.means

D.approach

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。由句意可知，tothestudyofdiseases修飾空缺處的名詞，A、C、D三個(gè)選項(xiàng)都可以表示“方法，方式”，但是只有approach可以與to搭配表示“.…..的方法”，method和means后不接to。solution表示“解決方案”，與句意不符，可排除。因此，本題正確答案為D項(xiàng)?！揪湟狻窟@種疾病研究方法在技術(shù)上稱之為流行病學(xué)法。

2.單選題

Theindividualmobility,convenience,andstatusgivenbytheprivatepassengercarofferaseeminglyunbeatableattraction.In1987,arecord126,000carsrolledoffassemblylineseachworkingday,andcloseto400millionvehicleschokeuptheworld’sstreetstoday.

Butthecar'susefulnesstotheindividualstandsinsharpcontrasttothecostsandburdensthatsocietymustshouldertoprovideanautomobile-centeredtransportationsystem.SincethedaysofHenryFord,societieshavemadeasteadystreamoflawstoprotectdriversfromeachotherandthemselves,aswellastoprotectthegeneralpublicfromtheunintendedeffectsofmassiveautomobileuse.Lawmakershavestruggledoverthecompetinggoalsofunlimitedmobilityandtheindividual’sfighttobefreeofthenoise,pollution,andphysicaldangersthattheautomobileoftenbrings.

Priortotheseventies,theauto’susefulnessandassuredroleinsocietywerehardlyquestioned.Evenworriesaboutuprisinggaspricesandfiiturefuelavailabilitysubsided（減退）intheeightiesalmostasquicklyastheyhademerged.Carsalesrecovered,drivingisup,andwealthycustomersareoncemoreshoppingforhighperformancecars.

Themotorvehicleindustry'sapparentsuccessindealingwiththechallengesoftheseventieshasobscuredtheharmfullong-termtrendsofautomobilecenteredtransportation.Risinggasolineconsumptionwillbeforelongputincreasedpressureonoilproductioncapacities.Inaddition,asmoreandmorepeoplecanaffordtheirowncarsandasmassmotorizationtakeshold,trafficjambecomesatoughproblem.Andmotorvehiclesareimportantcontributorstourbanairpollution,acidrain,andglobalwarming.

Society'sinterestinfuelsupplysecurity,theintegrityofitscities,andprotectionoftheenvironmentcallsforafundamentalrethinkingoftheautomobile’srole.Stricterfueleconomyandpollutionstandardsarethemostobviousandimmediatemeasuresthatcanbeadopted.Buttheycanonlybepartoftheanswer.Intheyearsahead,thechallengewillbetodevelopinnovative（革新的）transportationpolicies.

1.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothefirstparagraph?

2.Thephrase"rolledoffassemblylines"（Para.I,Lines2）means（）.

3.Thepassagestatesthatthereis（）.

4.Itisimpliedthattheauto'sassuredroleinsocietyis（）.

5.Stricterfueleconomyandpollutionstandardsare（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Acarprovidesitsownerwithasenseofsafety.

B.Agoodcarallowsitsownertotravelfree.

C.Agoodcarindicatesitsowner'shighsocialposition.

D.Acaraddstoitsowner'sattractiveness.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A."wereturnedoutfromfactories"

B."movedalongproductionlines"

C."movedalongthestreets"

D."werelinedupinthestreets"

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.asharpcontrastbetweenthecostandusefulnessofthecars

B.asharpcontrastbetweenthecostandperformanceofthecars

C.asharpconflictbetweencardriversandtrafficrules

D.asharpcontradictionbetweentheconvenienceofcarownersandtheburdensofsociety

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.threatenedbytherisinggasprices

B.challengedbyaseriesoffundamentalproblems

C.protectedbylaw

D.firmlyestablished

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.onlypartofthesolutiontomassiveautomobileuse

B.thebestwaytocopewiththemassiveuseofcars

C.innovativetransportationpolicies

D.futurepoliciesoftheautomobileindustry

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:A

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第一段第一句“Theindividualmobility,convenience,andstatusgivenbytheprivatepassengercarofferaseeminglyunbeatableattraction.私人轎車給個(gè)人所帶來(lái)的流動(dòng)性、便利性和地位，似乎具有無(wú)與倫比的吸引力?！庇纱丝芍?，一輛好車能夠彰顯車主較高的社會(huì)地位。選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

2.判斷推理題。rolloff指的是“從...復(fù)印出...”；assemblylines指的是“工廠組裝線”。車從工廠組裝線復(fù)印出，也就是說(shuō)，車被一輛一輛的組裝生產(chǎn)出來(lái)，所以選項(xiàng)D為正確答案。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第二段首句“Butthecar'susefulnesstotheindividualstandsinsharpcontrasttothecostsandburdensthatsocietymustshouldertoprovideanautomobile-centeredtransportationsystem．但是汽車對(duì)個(gè)人的有用性與社會(huì)為提供一個(gè)以汽車為中心的交通系統(tǒng)所必須承擔(dān)的成本和負(fù)擔(dān)形成了鮮明的對(duì)比?！币簿褪瞧嚱o車主帶來(lái)的便利與給社會(huì)帶來(lái)的負(fù)擔(dān)之間的尖銳矛盾，所以選項(xiàng)D符合原文。

4.判斷推理題。根據(jù)第三段的首句“Priortotheseventies,theauto’susefulnessandassuredroleinsocietywerehardlyquestioned.在七十年代之前，汽車的實(shí)用性和它在社會(huì)中的作用幾乎沒(méi)有受到質(zhì)疑?！钡窃谧詈笠欢问拙洌髡咛岬健癝ociety'sinterestinfuelsupplysecurity,theintegrityofitscities,andprotectionoftheenvironmentcallsforafundamentalrethinkingoftheautomobile’srole.社會(huì)對(duì)燃料供應(yīng)的安全性、城市完整性和對(duì)環(huán)境保護(hù)的關(guān)注，要求我們從根本上重新思考汽車的作用?！币簿褪钦f(shuō)，曾經(jīng)汽車在社會(huì)中可靠的角色現(xiàn)在受到了一系列根本問(wèn)題的挑戰(zhàn)，所以選項(xiàng)B正確。

5.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)最后一段第二、三句“Stricterfueleconomyandpollutionstandardsarethemostobviousandimmediatemeasuresthatcanbeadopted.Buttheycanonlybepartoftheanswer.更嚴(yán)格的燃油經(jīng)濟(jì)性和污染標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是可以采取的最明顯和最直接的措施。但它們只是答案的一部分?！庇纱丝芍?，這只是大規(guī)模汽車使用的部分解決方案。選項(xiàng)A符合原文。

3.單選題

Being（）yourjobisfine,ofcourse,butyoushouldn'tletworkeatupallyourleisuretime.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.trappedin

B.committedto

C.convincedof

D.confrontedwith

【答案】B

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A選項(xiàng)betrappedin表示“被困在；陷入困境”；B選項(xiàng)becommittedto表示“致力于；委身于”；C選項(xiàng)beconvincedof表示“確信；認(rèn)識(shí)到”；D選項(xiàng)beconfrontedwith表示“面臨，面對(duì)”。根據(jù)youshouldn'tletworkeatupallyourleisuretime可知，雖然致力于工作是好的，但你不應(yīng)該讓工作占據(jù)所有的休閑時(shí)間。因此，B選項(xiàng)最符合句意，故本題正確答案為B。

4.單選題

We'llvisitEuropenextyear（）wehaveenoughmoney.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.lest

B.provided

C.unless

D.until

【答案】B

【解析】副詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)lest“唯恐，以免”；B選項(xiàng)provided“倘若，假如”；C選項(xiàng)unless“除非”；D選項(xiàng)until“直到...”。句意：如果我們有足夠的錢，明年我們就去歐洲。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

5.單選題

Thepolicewerealertedthattheescapedcriminalmightbeinthe（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.vain

B.vicinity

C.court

D.jail

【答案】B

【解析】名詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)vain“徒勞的”，和介詞in搭配意為“徒勞無(wú)功的”，中間不接定冠詞the；B選項(xiàng)vicinity“鄰近，附近”；C選項(xiàng)court“法院，球場(chǎng)”；D選項(xiàng)jail“監(jiān)獄”。句意：警方被提醒逃犯可能就在附近。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

6.單選題

TheReader'sDigestinvestigationaskedAmericanswhichwasthebiggestthreattothenation'sfuture--bigbusiness,biglabororbiggovernment.Awhopping67percentreplied"biggovernment".Thatisabigchangeover40yearsago.A1954OpinionResearchCorp.Pollfoundthatonly16percentofAmericansindictedbiggovernment,giventhesamethreechoices.Ina1965Gallupsurvey,thosebelievingbiggovernmenttobetheproblemhadrisento35percent;by1985,to50percent.

Now(1995)twoofthreeAmericansfearbiggovernment.Opinionresearchersrarelyseesuchavastchangeinpublicattitude.Whenputinhistoricalperspective,fromthetimeofFranklinRoosevelt’sNewDealtothepresent,thefallenstatusofgovernmentasaprotectorandbenefactorisextraordinary.We'vereturnedtotheinstinctiveAmericanwarinessofWashingtonsocommonbeforetheGreatDepression.

Inourpoll,takenbeforetheNovemberelections,theoverwhelmingmajorityofourrespondentswantedtostoporrollbacktheimpactofgovernment.InanswertoanotherquestionposedbyTheDigest,79percentsaidtheywantedeithernomorethanthecurrentlevelofgovernmentservicesandtaxes,orlessgovernmentandlowertaxes.

"Itseemstomethatweinthemiddleclassbearmostoftheburden,"saysJoNellNorman,61,anurseinDyersburg,Tenn.,whooftenwondersaboutthegovernment'sjudgmentinspendinghermoney.

OfAmericansinoursample,62percentbelievethatpoliticians’ethicsandhonestyhavefallen.AndwhataboutCongress?Isitdoingagoodjob?Ordomembers"spendmoretimethinkingabouttheirpoliticalfuturesthanpassinggoodlegislation?'

Acrossgenerations,athumping89percentthoughtthelatter."Congressalwaysseemstobescrewingup,"saysoneyoungXer.

However,Americansaresatisfiedwiththeirownlivesandjobs.Fouroffiverespondentswere"completely"or"somewhat"satisfied.Thefiguresheldupacrossallages-includingXers,whommanypunditshaveclaimedarepessimisticabouttheirfuture.

KeithUnderbill,22,ofFridley,Minn.,findshisjobasatelephoneoperatorforacataloguecompany"notchallenging,notdifficult"butstill"satisfyingbecauseoftheincome."Heseesitasaspringboardtobiggerthings."Ihopetostartmyownbusinesssomeday,somethinginfinance."Lookingdeeperatjobs,wefound70percentofAmericansbelievetheyareaboutwheretheyshouldbe,giventheirtalentsandeffort.Thisisanissuewhereagealwaysmakesadifference,sinceolderpeople,whoaremoreestablishedintheirjobs,tendtobemoresatisfied,whileyoungerworkersarestilltryingtofindtherightniche.Sureenough,Xersscored65percent,aboutfivepointsbelowaverage.

1.Thesurveyhasrevealedthatinthe40yearsthepublicfaithintheAmericangovernmenthasdroppedby（

）.

2.TheU.S.governmentstatusinthepublicmindbeforetheGreatDepression

（

）.

3.Itisclearthatthepeople'sgreatdislikeforthegovernmentisrelatedwith

（

）.

4."Politicalfuture"inParagraph5maymean

（

）.

5.Olderpeopleareunlikelytochangetheirjobssooftensince（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.67percent

B.51percent

C.35percent

D.16percent

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.wasregardedasquitenormal

B.usedtobeverylow

C.remainedadifficultproblemforthefederalgovernment

D.remindedpeopleoftheprincipleslaiddownbyWashington

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.theinefficientstyleofwork

B.oftenwrongjudgments

C.therisingrateoftaxes

D.theCongress

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.thefutureofthewholenation

B.people'swell-beinginthefuture

C.apositionofhigherrank

D.awarenessofconsistencyinpolicies

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.theyneedtosupporttheirfamilies

B.nocompanieswilltakeintheaged

C.ittakestimetolearnanewtradeorprofession

D.theireffortsandtalentsarefalling

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:C

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目問(wèn)的是“調(diào)查表明在40年民眾對(duì)美國(guó)政府的信心下降了多少？”根據(jù)文章第二段可知現(xiàn)在是1995年，說(shuō)明40年前是1954年。文章第一段提到有67%的人認(rèn)為大政府對(duì)國(guó)家未來(lái)的威脅最大。而1954年只有16%人認(rèn)為大政府有威脅（A1954OpinionResearchCorp.Pollfoundthatonly16percentofAmericansindictedbiggovernment,giventhesamethreechoices），由此可知國(guó)民對(duì)政府的信心下降了51%。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目問(wèn)的是“在大蕭條時(shí)期前美國(guó)政府在民眾的心中是怎樣的？”文章第二段最后一句提到“我們又回到了大蕭條時(shí)期美國(guó)人對(duì)華盛頓本能的謹(jǐn)慎”（We'vereturnedtotheinstinctiveAmericanwarinessofWashingtonsocommonbeforetheGreatDepression），說(shuō)明在大蕭條時(shí)期政府在民眾心中的地位就低，選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

3.推理判斷題。文章第六段提到89%的人認(rèn)為國(guó)會(huì)會(huì)把事情搞砸（Acrossgenerations,athumping89percentthoughtthelatter."Congressalwaysseemstobescrewingup,"saysoneyoungXer），選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

4.詞義題。文章第五段第一句提到在樣本中，62%的美國(guó)人認(rèn)為政客的道德和誠(chéng)實(shí)度已經(jīng)下降（OfAmericansinoursample,62percentbelievethatpoliticians’ethicsandhonestyhavefallen），以及比起通過(guò)好的法規(guī)，議員們花更多的時(shí)間在他們的政治前途上嗎？（Ordomembers"spendmoretimethinkingabouttheirpoliticalfuturesthanpassinggoodlegislation?）可知這里的政治前途指的是權(quán)利地位，選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

5.推理判斷題。文章最后一段提到由于年齡較大的人在工作中更穩(wěn)定，他們往往更滿意（sinceolderpeople,whoaremoreestablishedintheirjobs,tendtobemoresatisfied），選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

7.單選題

"Museum"isaslipperyword.Itfirstmeant(inGreek)anythingconsecratedtotheMuses:ahill,ashrine,agarden,afestivalorevenatextbook.BothPlato'sAcademyandAristotle'sLyceumhadamouseion,amuses’shrine.AlthoughtheGreeksalreadycollecteddetachedworksofart,manytemples―notablythatofHeraatOlympia(beforewhichtheOlympicflameisstilllit)—hadcollectionsofobjects,someofwhichwereworksofartbywell-knownmasters,whilepaintingsandsculpturesintheAlexandrianMuseumwereincidentaltoitsmainpurpose.

TheRomansalsocollectedandexhibitedartfromdisbandedtemples,aswellasmineralspecimens,exoticplants,animals;andtheyplunderedsculpturesandpaintings(mostlyGreek)forexhibition,Meanwhile,theGreekwordhadslippedintoLatinbytransliteration(thoughnottosignifypicturegalleries,whichwerecalledpinacothecae)andmuseumstillmoreorlessmeant“Muses’shrine”

Theinspirationalcollectionsofpreciousandsemi-preciousobjectswerekeptinlargerchurchesandmonasteries—whichfocusedonthegold-enshrined,bejeweledrelicsofsaintsandmartyrs.Princes,andlatermerchants,hadsimilarcollections,whichbecamethedepositsofnaturalcuriosities:largelumpsofamberorcoral,irregularpearls,unicornhorns,ostricheggs,fossilbonesandsoon.Theyalsoincludedcoinsandgems—oftenantiqueengravedones—aswellas,increasingly,paintingsandsculptures.Astheymultipliedandexpanded,tosupplementthem,theskillofthefakersgrewincreasinglyrefined.

Atthesametime,visitorscouldadmiretheverygrandestpaintingsandsculpturesinthechurches,palacesandcastles;theywerenot"collected"either,"butsite-specific",andwereconsideredanintegralpartbothofthefabricofthebuildingsandofthewayoflifewhichwentoninsidethem—andmostofthebuildingswerepublicones.However,duringtherevivalofantiquityinthefifteenthcentury,fragmentsofantiquesculptureweregivenhigherstatusthantheworkofanycontemporary,sothatdisplaysofantiquitieswouldinspireartiststoimitation,orevenbetter,toemulation,andsocouldbeconsideredMuses'shrinesintheformersense.TheMedicigardennearSanMarcoinFlorence,theBelvedereandtheCapitolinRomewerethemostfamousofsuchearly"inspirational"collections.Soontheymultiplied,andgradually,exemplary"modem"workswerealsoaddedtosuchgalleries.

Intheseventeenthcentury,scientificandprestigecollectingbecamesowidespreadthatthreeorfourcollectorsindependentlypublisheddirectoriestomuseumsallovertheknownworld.Butitwastheageofrevolutionsandindustrywhichproducedthenextsharpshiftinthewaytheinstitutionwasperceived:thefuryagainstroyalandchurchmonumentspromptedantiquarianstosheltertheminasylumgalleries,ofwhichtheMuseedesMonumentsFrancaiswasthemostfamous.Then,inthefirsthalfofthenineteenthcentury,museumfundingtookoff,alliedtotheriseofnewwealth:LondonacquiredtheNationalGalleryandtheBritishMuseum,theLouvrewasorganized,theMuseum-InselwasbeguninBerlin,andtheMunichgallerieswerebuilt.InVienna,thehugeKunsthistorischesandNalurhistorischesMuseumstookovermuchoftheimperialtreasure.Meanwhile,thedeclineofcraftsmanship(andofpublictastewithit)inspiredthecreationof"improving"collections.TheVictoriaandAlbertMuseuminLondonwasthemostfamous,aswellasperhapsthelargestofthem.

1.Thesentence"Museumisaslipperyword"inthefirstparagraphmeansthat（）.

2.TheideathatMuseumcouldmeanamountainorallobjectsoriginatesfrom（）.

3."...theskillofthefakersgrewincreasinglyrefined"inthethirdparagraphmeansthat（）.

4.Paintingandsculpturesondisplayinchurchesinthe15thcenturywere（）.

5.Whichisthemainideaofthepassage?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.themeaningoftheworddidn'tchangeuntilafterthe15thcentury

B.themeaningofthewordhadchangedovertheyears

C.theGreekshelddifferentconceptsfromtheRomans

D.princesandmerchantsaddedpaintingstotheircollections

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.theRomans

B.Florence

C.Olympia

D.Greek

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.therewasagreatdemandforfakers

B.fakersgrewrapidlyinnumber

C.fakersbecamemoreskillful

D.fakersbecamemorepolite

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.collectedfromelsewhere

B.madepartofthebuildings

C.donatedbypeople

D.boughtbychurches

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Theevolutionofmuseums

B.Collectionandcollectors

C.Modemmuseumsandtheirfunctions

D.Thebirthofmuseums

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:A

【解析】1.推理判斷題。slippery意為狡猾的，不穩(wěn)定的。再根據(jù)下一段的內(nèi)容可以推測(cè)，這里是指它的意思多年來(lái)已經(jīng)改變了。所以選項(xiàng)B正確。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第一段第二句“Itfirstmeant(inGreek)anythingconsecratedtotheMuses:ahill,ashrine,agarden,afestivalorevenatextbook.它最初的意思是(在希臘語(yǔ)中)是獻(xiàn)給繆斯的任何東西:一座小山、一座神殿、一座花園、一個(gè)節(jié)日，甚至是一本教科書?！庇纱丝芍x項(xiàng)D正確。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)原文句意：隨著它們的增加和擴(kuò)大，作為補(bǔ)充，造假者的技藝變得越來(lái)越精湛。選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第四段第一句“theywerenot“collected”either,but“site-specific”,andwereconsideredanintegralpartbothofthefabricofthebuildings...”它們不是被“收藏”,而是“特定場(chǎng)地的”,被認(rèn)為是建筑不可或缺的一部分。選項(xiàng)B符合原文。

5.主旨大意題。結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知，本文主要介紹了“museum”一詞的演變及其現(xiàn)代意義的由來(lái)，所以選項(xiàng)A最能概括本文主旨。

8.單選題

Humanbehaviorismostlyaproductoflearning,whereasthebehaviorofananimaldependsmainlyon（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.response

B.impulse

C.instinct

D.consciousness

【答案】C

【解析】形容詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)response“反應(yīng)，回答”；B選項(xiàng)impulse“沖動(dòng)”；C選項(xiàng)instinct“本能，直覺(jué)”；D選項(xiàng)consciousness“意識(shí)，知覺(jué)”。句意：人類的行為主要是學(xué)習(xí)的產(chǎn)物，而動(dòng)物的行為主要依靠本能。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

9.單選題

Reebokexecutivesdonotliketoheartheirstylishathleticshoescalledfootwearforyuppies.TheycontendthatReebokshoesappealtodiversemarketsegments,especiallynowthatthecompanyoffersbasketballandchildren’sshoesfortheunder18setandwalkingshoesforoldercustomersnotinterestedinaerobicsorrunning.Theexecutivesalsopointoutthatthroughrecentacquisitionstheyhaveaddedhikingboots,dressandcasualshoes,andhigh-performanceathleticfootweartotheirproductlines,allofwhichshouldattractnewandvariedgroupsofcustomers.

Still,despiteitsemphasisonnewmarkets,Reebokplansfewchangesintheupmarketretailingnetworkthathelpedpushsalesto1billionannually,aheadofallothersportsshoemarketers.Rebookshoes,whicharcpricedfrom$27to$85,willcontinuetobesoldonlyinbetterspecialty,sportinggoods,anddepartmentstores,inaccordancewiththecompany’sviewthatconsumersjudgethequalityofthebrandbythequalityofitsdistribution.

Inthepastfewyears,theMassachusetts-basedcompanyhasimposedlimitsonthenumberofitsdistributors(andthenumberofshoessuppliedtostores),partlyoutofnecessity.AttimestheunexpecteddemandforReebok’sexceededsupply,andthecompanycouldbarelykeepupwithordersfromthedealersitalreadyhad.Thesefulfillmentproblemsseemtobeundercontrolnow,butthecompanyisstillselectiveaboutitsdistributors.Atpresent,ReebokshoesareavailableinaboutfivethousandretailstoresintheUnitedStates.

Reebokhasalreadyanticipatedthatwalkingshoeswillbethenextfitness-relatedcraze,replacingaerobicsshoesthesamewayitsbrightlycolored,softleatherexercisefootwearreplacedconventionalrunningshoes.Throughproductdiversificationandcarefulmarketresearch,ReebokhopestoavoidthedistributionproblemsNikecameacrossseveralyearsago,whenNikemisjudgedthestrengthoftheaerobicsshoecrazeandwasforcedtounloadhugeinventoriesofrunningshoesthroughdiscountstores.

1.OnereasonwhyReebok’smanagerialpersonneldon'tliketheirshoestobecalled“footwear

ofyuppies”isthat（）.

2.Reebok’sviewthat“consumersjudgethequalityofthebrandbythequalityofitsdistribution”(Line5,Para.2)impliesthat（）.

3.Reebokoncehadtolimitthenumberofitsdistributorsbecause（）.

4.AlthoughtheReebokCompanyhassolvedtheproblemoffulfillingitsorders,it（）.

5.WhatlessonhasReeboklearnedfromNike’sdistributionproblems?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.theybelievethattheirshoesarepopularwithpeopleofdifferentagegroups

B.newproductionlineshavebeenaddedtoproduceinexpensiveshoes

C.“yuppies”usuallyevokesanegativeimage

D.thetermmakespeoplethinkofprohibitiveprices.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.thequalityofabrandismeasuredbytheservicequalityofthestoresellingit

B.thequalityofaproductdeterminesthequalityofitsdistributors

C.thepopularityofabrandisdeterminedbythestoresthatsellit

D.consumersbelievethatfirst-rateproductsareonlysoldbyhigh-qualitystores

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.itssupplyofproductsfellshortofdemand

B.toomanydistributorswouldcutintoitsprofits

C.thereductionofdistributorscouldincreaseitsshareofthemarket

D.itwantedtoenhanceconsumerconfidenceinitsproducts

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.doesnotwanttofurtherexpanditsretailingnetwork

B.stilllimitsthenumberofshoessuppliedtostores

C.isstillparticularaboutwhosellsitsproducts

D.Stillcarefullychoosesthemanufacturersofitsproducts.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Acompanyshouldnotsellitshighqualityshoesindiscountstores.

B.Acompanyshouldnotlimititsdistributionnetwork.

C.Acompanyshoulddofollow-upsurveysofitsproducts.

D.Acompanyshouldcorrectlyevaluatetheimpactofanewcrazeonthemarket.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:D

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干可以定位到第一段第二句活TheycontendthatReebokshoesappealtodiversemarketsegments,especiallynowthatthecompanyoffersbasketballandchildren’sshoesfortheunder18setandwalkingshoesforoldercustomersnotinterestedinaerobicsorrunning.“他們認(rèn)為，銳步關(guān)注的是多元化的細(xì)分市場(chǎng)，特別是因?yàn)楣驹跒?8歲以下顧客制造籃球鞋和童鞋的同時(shí)，也為不愛(ài)做有氧運(yùn)動(dòng)或跑步的老年顧客提供步行鞋?！?，由此可知銳步關(guān)注的是多元化的細(xì)分市場(chǎng)。所以A項(xiàng)正確。

2.判斷推理題。根據(jù)題干可以定位在文章第二段的Reebokplansfewchangesintheupmarketretailingnetwork.“銳步計(jì)劃對(duì)高端市場(chǎng)零售網(wǎng)絡(luò)進(jìn)行一些調(diào)整?！焙蚏ebookshoes,whicharepricedfrom$27to$85,willcontinuetobesoldonlyinbetterspecialty,sportinggoods,anddepartmentstores.“價(jià)格在27美元到85美元之間的Rebook運(yùn)動(dòng)鞋將繼續(xù)只在更好的專業(yè)產(chǎn)品、體育用品和百貨商店出售”。故D項(xiàng)“消費(fèi)者認(rèn)為一流的產(chǎn)品只會(huì)在高質(zhì)量的店鋪被售賣。”符合題意。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干定位在文章第三段Inthepastfewyears,theMassachusetts-basedcompanyhasimposedlimitsonthenumberofitsdistributors(andthenumberofshoessuppliedtostores),partlyoutofnecessity.AttimestheunexpecteddemandforReebok’sexceededsupply,andthecompanycouldbarelykeepupwithordersfromthedealersitalreadyhad.。過(guò)去幾年，這家總部位于馬薩諸塞州的公司對(duì)其分銷商的數(shù)量(以及供應(yīng)給商店的鞋的數(shù)量)進(jìn)行了限制，這在一定程度上是出于必要。有時(shí)銳步的需求超出了供應(yīng)，難以滿足經(jīng)銷商的訂單。由此可知A項(xiàng)“供不應(yīng)求”。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干可以定位在文章第三段中的Thesefulfillmentproblemsseemtobeundercontrolnow,butthecompanyisstillselectiveaboutitsdistributors.這些問(wèn)題現(xiàn)在似乎得到了控制，但公司仍然對(duì)經(jīng)銷商很挑剔?！庇纱丝芍狢項(xiàng)“對(duì)于讓誰(shuí)來(lái)銷售他們的產(chǎn)品仍然挑剔”符合題意，答案選C。

5.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干可以定位到最后—段中的Throughproductdiversificationandcarefulmarketresearch,ReebokhopestoavoidthedistributionproblemsNikecameacrossseveralyearsago,whenNikemisjudgedthestrengthoftheaerobicsshoecrazeandwasforcedtounloadhugeinventoriesofrunningshoesthroughdiscountstores.“通過(guò)產(chǎn)品多樣化和仔細(xì)的市場(chǎng)調(diào)查，銳步希望避免耐克幾年前遇到的分銷問(wèn)題，當(dāng)時(shí)耐克誤判了健美鞋熱潮的強(qiáng)度，被迫通過(guò)折扣店出售大量庫(kù)存的跑鞋?！庇纱丝芍狣項(xiàng)“企業(yè)應(yīng)該正確估計(jì)市場(chǎng)上新熱潮的影響”。符合題意。因此選D。

10.單選題

Writingisaslowprocess,requiring（

）thought,time,andeffort.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.significant

B.enormous

C.considerable

D.numerous

【答案】C

【解析】句意:寫作是一個(gè)緩慢的過(guò)程，需要進(jìn)行大的思考，耗費(fèi)大量的吋間并付出巨大努力。

考查形容詞辨析。significant有重大意義的，顯著的；enormous巨大的，龐大的：considerable相當(dāng)多（或大、重要等）的；numerous眾多的，許多的,—般用來(lái)修飾可數(shù)名詞。故選C。

11.單選題

Threeuniversitydepartmentshavebeen（

）$600,000todevelopgoodpracticeinteachingandlearning.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.promoted

B.included

C.secured

D.awarded

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A項(xiàng)promote表示“促進(jìn)；提升；發(fā)揚(yáng)”；B項(xiàng)include表示“包含，包括”；C項(xiàng)secure表示“保護(hù)，招致”；D項(xiàng)award表示“授予”。根據(jù)句意可知，大學(xué)的三個(gè)系被60萬(wàn)美元來(lái)開(kāi)展良好的教學(xué)實(shí)踐。因此，本題正確答案為D項(xiàng)。

12.單選題

Whencompaniesdobusinessoverseas,theycomeincontactwithpeoplefromdifferentcultures.Theseindividualsoftenspeakadifferentlanguageandhavetheirownparticularcustomandmanners.Thesedifferencescancreateproblems.

Forexample,inFrance,businessmeetingsbeginpromptlyatthedesignatedtimeandeveryoneisexpectedtobethere.Foreignbusinesspeoplewhoaretardyareoftenleftoutsidetocooltheirheelsasameansoflettingthemknowtheimportanceofpromptness.Unlessoneisawareofsuchexpectedbehaviorshemayendupinsultingthepeoplewithwhomhehopestoestablishtraderelations.

Asecondtraditionalproblemisthatofmonetaryconversions.Forexample,ifatransactionisconductedwithRussia,paymentmaybemadeinrubles.Ofcourse,thiscurrencyisoflittlevaluetotheAmericanfirm.Itis,therefore,necessarytoconverttheforeigncurrencytoAmericandollars.HowmucharetheseRussianrublesworthintermsofdollars?Thisconversionrateisdeterminedbyeverymarket,wherethecurrenciesofcountriesareboughtandsold.Thusthereisanestablishedrate,althoughitwilloftenfluctuatefromdaytoday.Forexample,therublemaybeworth0.75onMondayand0.72onTuesdaybecauseofanannouncedwheatshortageinRussia.Inaddition,thereisthedilemmaassociatedwithconvertingat0.72.Somefinancialinstitutionsmaybeunwillingtopaythisprice,feelingthattherublewillsinkmuchloweroverthenextweek.Asaresult,conversionmayfinallycomeat0.69.These“l(fā)osses”mustbeacceptedbythecompanyasoneofthecostsofdoingbusinessoverseas.

Athirduniqueproblemistradebarriers.Foronereasonoranother,allcountriesimposetradebarriersoncertaingoodscrossingtheirborders.Sometradebarriersaredirectlyrelatedtoexports.Forexample,theUnitedStatespermitsstrategicmilitarymaterialtobeshippedabroadonlyaftergovernmentpermissionhasbeenobtained.Mosttradebarriers,however,aredesignedtorestrictimport.Twoofthemostcommonimportbarriersarequotasandtariffs.

1.Thebesttitleforthepassagewouldbe（

）.

2.InFrance,tardybusinesspeople

（

）.

3.Accordingtothepassage,conversionrates

（

）.

4.Theintendedaudienceofthispassageare

（

）.

5.Whichofthefollowingislikelytobediscussedinthenextparagraph?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.HowtoSucceedinInternationalTrade

B.MonetaiyConversion

C.TradeBarriers

D.UniqueProblemsinInternationalTrade

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.areofteninsulted

B.oftensufferfromcoldness

C.areoftenleftoutdoorswaiting

D.areoftenaskedtopolishtheirshoes

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.arealwaysnotchanging

B.aredeterminedbyfinancialinstitutions

C.areagreeduponbytwotradingcountries

D.varyfromdaytoday

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.professorsofeconomics

B.postgraduatestudentsofinternationaltrade

C.beginnersofbusiness

D.businesspeople

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Exporttradebarriers.

B.Quotasandtariffs.

C.Reasonsforimposingtradingbarriers.

D.Measurestobreakdowntradebarriers.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:B

【解析】1.主旨大意題。第一段先指出“當(dāng)企業(yè)從事海外業(yè)務(wù)時(shí)通常都會(huì)接觸到來(lái)著不同文化的人”,后面分別從時(shí)間觀、貨幣兌換以及貿(mào)易壁壘三個(gè)方面舉例闡述并給出建議。故A項(xiàng)“如何在國(guó)際貿(mào)易中獲得成功”最適合做文章標(biāo)題。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞tardybusinesspeople定位至第二段:Foreignbusinesspeoplewhoaretardyareoftenleftoutsidetocooltheirheelsasameansoflettingthemknowtheimportanceofpromptness(遲到的外貿(mào)業(yè)務(wù)人員通常會(huì)遭遇長(zhǎng)吋間等候，這也是一種讓他們知道準(zhǔn)吋的重要性的方法)。因此C項(xiàng)“通常需要在門外等候”正確。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞conversionrates定位至第三段:Thisconversionrateisdeterminedbyeverymarket,wherethecurrenciesofcountriesareboughtandsold.Thusthereisanestablishedrate,althoughitwilloftenfluctuatefromdaytoday(匯率是由支持貨幣流通的市場(chǎng)情況決定的。因此，盡管匯率每天都會(huì)波動(dòng)，但也會(huì)有一個(gè)既定的比率),故選C“每天都會(huì)變化”。

4.判斷推理題。文章主要討論的是海外貿(mào)易過(guò)程中可能遇到的因地區(qū)差異導(dǎo)致的問(wèn)題,因此推測(cè)文章的目標(biāo)受眾是“商業(yè)人士”。

5.判斷推理題。最后一段講到了國(guó)際貿(mào)易中的第三個(gè)問(wèn)題-貿(mào)易壁壘,最后一句指出:Twoofthemostcommonimportbarriersarequotasandtariffs(兩種最主要的進(jìn)口壁壘就是配額與關(guān)稅),因此推測(cè)下一段將討論“配額與關(guān)稅”。

13.單選題

Thepolicemandeclaredthattheblowonthevictim'shead（

）frombehind.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.shouldhavebeenmade

B.musthavebeenmade

C.wouldhavebeenmade

D.oughttohavebeenmade

【答案】B

【解析】考查語(yǔ)法中情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表推測(cè)的用法。A項(xiàng)shouldhavedone表示“本該做某事（其實(shí)沒(méi)做）”；B項(xiàng)musthav