自制定語(yǔ)從句課件

高中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法專(zhuān)題：

定語(yǔ)從句Learningaims學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)1.什么是定語(yǔ)？哪些可以作定語(yǔ)？2.什么是定語(yǔ)從句？什么是先行詞？什么是關(guān)系詞？定語(yǔ)從句有哪些關(guān)系詞？關(guān)系詞的作用是什么？定語(yǔ)從句的位置？定語(yǔ)：修飾名詞或代詞的成分。哪些可做定語(yǔ)：名詞、名詞所有格、形容詞、數(shù)詞、代詞、分詞或分詞短語(yǔ)、動(dòng)詞不定式、介詞短語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)從句等定語(yǔ)從句定義：

在復(fù)合句（兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的句子）中，修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句叫定語(yǔ)從句。先行詞：是定語(yǔ)從句所修飾的詞。關(guān)系詞：定語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞

關(guān)系代詞，包括that,which,who(m),whose關(guān)系詞

關(guān)系副詞，包括when,where,why

關(guān)系詞作用：一、連接定語(yǔ)從句二、代替先行詞在句中充當(dāng)某個(gè)成分。Eg:Thegirl

whowearsredclothesismysister.其中先行詞關(guān)系代詞定語(yǔ)從句注意：這句話(huà)可拆成兩個(gè)句子，但為了使句子更連貫合在一起成了定語(yǔ)從句。Thegirlwearsredclothes。Thegirlismysister。（主句）注意：翻譯時(shí)應(yīng)該把定語(yǔ)從句翻譯在先行詞之前?！啊摹弊g：那個(gè)穿紅衣服的女孩是我的姐姐。Thegirlwhoisraisingherhandismysister.Heisthepolicemanwhotoldmethewayyesterday.Ilikethemanwhoisthinkingnow.Ilosttheglassesthat/whichIboughtinBeijing.分析下列定語(yǔ)從句1.Thestudentswhodon’tstudyhardwillnotpasstheexam。

先行詞students關(guān)系詞：who定語(yǔ)從句：whodon’tstudyhard

2、ThewomanwhomyousawintheparkisourEnglishteacher。3、TomistheboywhosemotherisourEnglishteacher.4、Isthattheparrotwhichyouarelookingfor?6.Misssmithistheteacher_______housecaughtfirelastweek.7.Theyplantedthetrees_______don’tneedmuchwater.whoseWhich/that4.Thecupismine,tombrokethecup.Thecupwhich/that//brokeismine.5.Iknowtheboy.Theboy’sparentsareteachers.Iknowtheboywhoseparentsareteachers.6.Doyouknowthegirl?Thegirl’smotherworkshere.Doyouknowthegirlwhosemotherworkshere.我們知道that和who都能用作主語(yǔ),賓語(yǔ)，都指人；that和which都能用作主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)，都指物，但是以下情況只能用that1先行詞既有指人又有指物.2當(dāng)先行詞前有序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級(jí)時(shí)。3先行詞被有theonly,thevery(恰好，剛好），thejust（恰好，剛好）,thelast,no,little,few,any等修飾時(shí).4先行詞是all,much,few,little,any,one,everything,anything,nothing,

thing(s),little,none,等不定代詞時(shí)。5主句是以who/which/what開(kāi)頭的特殊疑問(wèn)句時(shí)6當(dāng)先行詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作表語(yǔ)時(shí).Chinaisnolongerthecountrythatitwas.Fillinthegaps:1.Theterribletyphoonkilledthepeopleandcattle_______wereinthefields.2.Thewindblewdownthetallesttree_______isinfrontofourschoolgate.3.Thisistheverything______Iwaslookingfor.4.Thisisthesecondnovel______Ihaveeverread.5.Thereisnothingintheworld_______canfrightenme.6.Whoistheman_______isreadingunderthetree?7.Myhometownisnotthesameone_______itusedtobetwentyyearsago.thatthatthat/不填that/不填thatthatthat(二).只能用who的情況

當(dāng)先行詞為one、ones、anyone、those修飾人和therebe句型中。Thosewhobreakthelawshouldbepunished.

Thereisateacherwhowantstoseeyou.（三）、只能用which不能用that的情況:①引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句修飾某物，或整個(gè)句子時(shí).a.Brucewenttowardthefire,whichwasstillsmoking.b.Hecamelateagain,whichmadetheteacherangry.②關(guān)系代詞whom、which在從句中作介詞的賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，可以和介詞一起放在從句和先行詞之間。Mr.Readistheprofessortowhomyoushouldwrite.Thisisthehouseinwhichyoulive.Thisisthehouse________youlivein.Which/that限制性定語(yǔ)從句和非限制性定語(yǔ)從句：Mysister,whoistwenty,worksinabank.Themanwhocamehereyesterdayhascomeagain.限制性定語(yǔ)從句是先行詞在意義上不可缺少的定語(yǔ)，如果去掉，主句的意思就不完整或失去意義。這種從句和主句關(guān)系十分密切，寫(xiě)時(shí)不用逗號(hào)分開(kāi)。非限制性定語(yǔ)從句和主句關(guān)系不很密切，只是對(duì)先行詞作些附加說(shuō)明，如果去掉，主句的意思仍然清楚。這種從句，寫(xiě)時(shí)往往與逗號(hào)分開(kāi)。并且不用that。關(guān)系副詞(在從句中只作狀語(yǔ)，不作主賓）When時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)Where地點(diǎn)壯語(yǔ)Why原因狀語(yǔ)1、IstillrememberthedaywhenIfirstcametoBeijing.2、Thisisthehousewherewelivedinlastyear.3、Hecouldn’tgivetheteacheragoodreasonwhyhewaslateforschool.▲▲注意：其中關(guān)系副詞=介詞+which。用什么介詞看先行詞1、onwhich2、inwhich3、forwhich“介詞＋關(guān)系代詞”即“介詞＋whom/which”引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句應(yīng)注意：1介詞的選用至少要考慮以下的兩個(gè)因素A.與先行詞的搭配關(guān)系1）Iwillneverforgettheday_____________Ijoinedthearmy.2)Iwillneverforgetthedays____________Iworkedintheschool.3)Iwillneverforgettheyear____________mysonwenttocollege.4)Igothomeat7:00p.m.yesterday,____________mostpeoplehadhadsupper.onwhichduringwhichinwhichbywhich選講1.Thatbookthatyouwantitisonthedesk.

2.Isthisfactorythatwevisitedlastweek?theoneThisfactoryistheonethatwevisitedlastweek?3.Heisthepersonforwhomyouarelooking.

for4.ThepersontowhomyoutalkedisLily.

ThepersonwhomyoutalkedtoisLily.歸納：1定語(yǔ)從句要避免成分重復(fù)

2定語(yǔ)從句要避免漏用先行詞

3含有介詞的短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般不拆開(kāi)選講Corrections:1.Themanjustsaidhellotomeismychemistryteacher.

who2.Whoisthecomradeyoujustshookhandswithhim.

3.Egyptisacountrywhereisfamousforitspyramids.(wherewhich)4.ThisisthebestdictionarywhichIhaveeverused.(whichthat)5.Thehousewhereweliveinisnotverylarge.(wherewhich/that)6.Thehousethatitwasbuiltin1970stayedupintheearthquake.

4.表所有關(guān)系及整體中的一部分或全部時(shí)，用介詞of,有時(shí)可用whose轉(zhuǎn)換。1)Thereare100teachersinourschool,__________60arewomenteachers.2)Hehasthreechildren,two___________workasteachers.3)Thattablehasfourlegs,all_____________areveryshort.4)I’mpaintingahouse,theroof_____________isround.I’mpaintingahousewhoseroofis...5)Theyliveinahouse,_________windowsfacesouth.Theyliveinahouse,thewindows______________facesouth.ofwhomofwhomofwhichofwhichwhoseofwhich用介詞＋關(guān)系代詞填空1Theboywasstayingintheroom___________windowhecouldclimbdown.2.He’stheman____________Ilearntthenews.3.Who’sthecomrade____________youjustshookhands.4.Thereare52studentsinourclass,___________nearly40areLeaguemembers.5.Iknowaladythehusband____________isaNobelPrizewinner.6.Doyouknowthedriverwhocausedthetrafficaccident____________amanwaskilled.7.Thisistheway__________shestudiesEnglish.throughwhosefromwhomwithwhomofwhomofwhominwhichinwhich8.The5yuan_____________heboughtthebookwasgivenbyhisfriend.9.ThestoryaboutShakespeare,_________thisisoneexample,iswellwritten.10.Theoldmanalwayswearshisglasses__________________hecan’tseeanything.11.Thekey_________shewasopeningthedoorbroke.12.Thelibrary___________weoftengoonSundaysisnotfarfromourschool.13.Nooneknowthereason_____________sheisleavingsoearly.14.Atlasttheycametoariver_____________anewbridgeisbeingbuilt.forwhichofwhichwithoutwhichwithwhichtowhichforwhichoverwhich關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句：Completethefollowingsentences:1.Isthistheschool_____________youvisitedlastyear?Isthisschool___________youvisitedlastyear?2.Heisoneofthestudentswho_____goodatmaths.Heistheonlyoneofthestudentswho_____goodatmaths.3.Thegirl_____Ithinkwashonestliedtome.Thegirl______Ithinktobehonestliedtome.4.Chinaisnolonger_______shewas10yearsago.Chinaisnolongerthecountry______shewas10yearsago.(that/which)theoneareiswhowhomwhatthat5.TheradioIboughtyesterdayisquitedifferentfrom____________youboughtlastmonth.TheradioIboughtyesterdayisquitedifferentfrom______youboughtlastmonth.6.Doyoustillrememberthe