全國卷2021屆高三英語下學(xué)期模擬試題04【含答案】

（全國卷）2021屆高三英語下學(xué)期模擬試題04 第一部分語言運用（共80分）一、閱讀理解（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）請認真閱讀下列短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。 ATheApolloMissions“That'sonesmallstepforaman.Onegiantleapformankind.”—NeilArmstrongApollo’sGoalsThenationaleffortthatenabledAstronautNeilArmstrongtospeakthosewordsashesteppedontothelunarsurfacefulfilledadreamasoldashumanity.ProjectApollo’sgoalswentbeyondlandingAmericansonthemoonandreturningthemsafelytoEarth.Apollo13Apollo13hasbeencalleda“successfulfailure,”becausethecrewneverlandedontheMoon,buttheymadeithomesafelyafteranexplosioncrippledtheirship.Whentheassociatedheaterwasturnedonduringflight,thetankexplodeddepletingalmostallofthepowerfromthecommandmoduleandforcingthecrewtousethelunarmoduleasalifeboat.JimLovell,FredHaiseandJackSwigertcamehomesafelythankstothemissioncontrolteam’simprovisedproceduresandtheirownabilitytoimplementthem.(Launch:April11,1970;splashdown:April17)Apollo14NotableforthereturnofAmerica’sfirstastronaut,AlanShepard,toce,Apollo14alsowasprobablythesmoothestlunarlandingtothatpoint.Thecrewspentmorethanninehoursoutsidethelunarmoduleandsetupanumberofexperiments.Shepardsetanewdistancerecordbywalkingmorethan9,000feetonthelunarsurface,pullingahandcarttocarrytheirtoolsandsamples.(Launch:Jan.31,1971:lunarlanding:Feb.5:splashdown,Feb.9)Apollo15Forthefirsttime,humansdroveacarontheMoon.ThefirstoftheApollo“J”Missions-designedforlongerstaysontheMoon-themissioncarriedalunarrover,whichCommanderDavidScottandLunarModulePilotJamesIrwinusedwhiletheywereonthesurfaceformorethanI8hours.Theytraveledmorethan17milesintherover,settingupexperimentsandcollecting170poundsofsamples.Beforeleavingthelunarsurface,ScottconductedanexperimenttotestGalileo’stheorythatobjectsinvacuum,withoutairresistance,wouldfallatthesamerate.Hedroppedageologicalhammerandafeather,whichhitthegroundatthesametime,provingGalileoright.(Launch:July26,1971,lunarlanding:July30:splashdown:Aug.7)1.WhyhasApollo13beencalleda“successfulfailure”?A.Apollo13finallyexplodedasplannedince.B.AllthecrewsucceededinlandingontheMoon.C.ThecrewmanagedtoescapefromasevereaccidentandreturnedtoEarth.D.ThecrewfinishedtheexperimentalthoughtheyfailedtolandontheMoon.2.WhichofthefollowingisTrueaccordingtothepassage?A.IttookfivedaysforApollo14toreachtheMoon.B.Thelunarroverwasusedasalifeboatforcetravel.C.ShepardtestedGalileo’stheorysuccessfullyontheMoon.D.Apollo15remainedincefortheshortestperiodoftime.3.Whichofthefollowingcolumnisthisarticlemostlikelytobefound?A.BoomingScience B.ExploringtheUnknownC.MechanicalWorld D.TransformingMoon1-3CAB【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章簡要地講述了，阿波羅登月計劃任務(wù)的目標及阿波羅的幾次太空登月任務(wù)。1.細節(jié)理解題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞successfulfailure可將答案定位于第三段。由第三段第一句“Apollo13hasbeencalleda“successfulfailure,”becausethecrewneverlandedontheMoon,buttheymadeithomesafelyafteranexplosioncrippledtheirship.”（阿波羅13號被稱為“成功的失敗”，因為機組人員從未登上過月球，但在爆炸使他們的飛船癱瘓后，他們安全地返回了月球。），可知“成功的失敗”是因為船員們設(shè)法從一次嚴重事故中逃脫，返回了地球。故選C項。2.細節(jié)理解題。由倒數(shù)第二段最后一句的斜體字部分“Launch:Jan.31,1971:lunarlanding:Feb.5:splashdown,Feb.9”（發(fā)射：1971年1月31日：登月：2月5日：濺落，2月9日），可知阿波羅14號花了五天時間到達月球。故選A項。3.推理判斷題。由第一段的““That'sonesmallstepforaman.Onegiantleapformankind.”—NeilArmstrong”（“這對一個男人來說是一小步。對人類來說是一個巨大的飛躍?！薄釥枴ぐ⒛匪固乩剩?，第二段最后一句“ProjectApollo’sgoalswentbeyondlandingAmericansonthemoonandreturningthemsafelytoEarth.”（阿波羅計劃的目標不僅僅是讓美國人登上月球，還要讓他們安全返回地球。）和各段小標題Apollo’sGoals、Apollo13、Apollo14和Apollo15，可知本文講的是阿波羅太空登月計劃，去探索未知的月球，推斷出在文章的“探索未知”欄出現(xiàn)。故選B項。BDon'tyouwishthoselongsummerdayscouldlastforever?AnislandinnorthernNorwayiscampaigningtodojustthat.Sommaroey---meaning“SummerIsland”---wantstothrowawayitswatchesanddeclareitselftheworld'sfirsttime-freezone.OnthisislandinWestTroms,northoftheArcticCircle,thesundoesn'tsetfromMay18rightthroughtoJuly26.Thelocals,havingsufferedthelongpolarnightfromNovembertoJanuary,whenthesundoesn’triseatall,makethemostofthesepreciousmonths,withoutregardtheconventional(依照慣例的)timekeeping.“Whenthere’sconstantlydaylight,weactaccordingly(照著),saysislanderKjellOveHvedinginstatement.“Inthemiddleofthenight，whichcityfolkmightcall‘2:00am’,youcanspotchildrenplayingsoccer,peoplepaintingtheirhousesormowingtheirlawns,andteensgoingforaswim.”Islandershopetobefreeoftraditionalopeninghoursandtointroduceflexibilityinschoolandworkinghours.Fishingandtourismarethemainindustriesonthisislandwithapopulationoflittlemorethan300people.Hvedingsayslocalfishermenandwomenoftenspenddaysontheoceanpursuingtheircatch,withlittleregardtotimekeepingIt’scleartheymeanbusiness.Islandersgatheredattownhallmeetingtosignpetition(請愿)foratime-freezoneandonJune13,HvedingmetwithaNorwegianofficialtohandoverthelocals'signaturesandtodiscussthepracticalandlegalchallengesoftheinitiative.“Tomanyofus,gettingthisinwritingwouldsimplymeanformalizingsomethingwehavebeenpracticingforgenerations,”hesays.Now,whenvisitorscrossthebridgetotheislandfromthemainland,theyaren’tgreetedwithlovelockslikeonsimilarbridgesworldwide.Thebridgeiscoveredwithwatches,aspeopleprepareforentrytothelandwheretimeisforgotten.4.HowlongarethepolardaysonSommaroey?A.About2months. B.About3months.C.About4months. D.About5months.5.Whatcanwelearnabouttheislandersfromthethirdparagraph?A.Theyprefertoworkatnight. B.TheyarrangetheirtimeflexiblyC.Theycan’tdistinguishdayfromnight. D.Theyarebotheredbytheconstantdaylight.6risa6.Whatdotheislandersintendtodo?A.Raiselocals'awarenessoftime. B.Makethetime-freezoneofficial.C.Promotetheirfishingandtourism. D.Havetheirworkinghoursextended.7.WhichcanbestreplacetheunderlinedpartinParagraph5?A.Theyaretraditional. B.Theyaregreedy.C.Theyareserious. D.Theyarefriendly.4-7ABBC【語篇解讀】在挪威的索瑪羅伊島，人們拋棄常規(guī)的作息時間，實現(xiàn)時間自由。4.A細節(jié)理解題，難度中等，根據(jù)第二段第二句“OnthisislandinWestTroms,northoftheArcticCircle,thesundoesn’tsetfromMay18straightthroughtoJuly26.”可知，從5月18日到7月26日太陽都不落山，所以大約有兩個月是極晝，故選A。2.B細節(jié)理解題。難度中等，根據(jù)第三段可知，在索瑪羅伊島，人們并不遵循常規(guī)的生活作息，即使在半夜也有很多人出來活動和工作，也就是說，那里的島民是靈活安排時間的，故選B。3.B細節(jié)理解題。難度中等。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段第二、三句“Islandersgatheredattownhallmeetingtosignpetitionforatime-freezoneandonJune13,HvedingmetwithaNorwegianofficialtohandoverthelocalssignaturesandtodiscussthepracticalandlegalchallengesoftheinitiative”“Tomanyofus,gettingthisinwritingwouldsimplymeanformalizingsomethingwehavebeenpracticingforgenerations,hesays.”可知，島民簽名請愿申請成為時間自由區(qū)，使之官方化、正式化，故選B。4.C詞義猜測題。難度較大，分析倒數(shù)第二段可知，第一句“it’scleartheymeanbusiness”是本段的總括句，后面的內(nèi)容都是印證這句話的根據(jù)下文內(nèi)容可知，島民們請愿申請成為時間自由區(qū)并申請官方許可，由此推斷，他們對待這件事情的態(tài)度是認真、嚴肅的，故選C。CHundredsofambulances(救護車)intheUKarestillusingdevicesthatrunonoutdateWindowsoperatingsystems,makingthemmorevulnerable(易受攻擊的)tocyberattacks.TheWannaCryransomwarethatknockedoutcomputersatdozensofhospitalsin2017tookadvantageofasimilarvulnerability.AccordingtodataobtainedthroughFreedomofInformation(FOI)requests,NorthEastAmbulanceServiceandYorkshireAmbulanceServiceusedevicesintheirambulancesdailythatrunonWindowsXP.About500vehiclesrunbytheYorkshireAmbulanceServicehaveamobiledeviceterminalthatcontrolsavehicle’sGPSnavigation(導(dǎo)航)anddealswithstatusmessages,suchaswhereapatientlivesandthetypeofemergency.Some350runonWindowsXP,whichhasn’tbeensupportedbyMicrosoftsinceApril2014.YorkshireAmbulanceServicesaysitwillupdatetheseby15October.NorthEastAmbulanceServicerunsXPondevicesin550vehicles.LondonAmbulanceServicealsosaysithasfiveXPdevices,buttheyaren’tconnectedtotheinternet.NewScientistputinFOIrequeststoalltheambulancetrustsinEnglandlastyearaskingwhetherdeviceswithineachtrustranonWindowsXP,Windows98orWindows95.OnlythosementionedinthisarticlewereusingoutdatedversionsofWindowsandallthreerefusedtoprovideadditionalcomment.“Ineachdualcrewedambulanceandrapidresponsevehiclethereisamobiledataterminal,whichiscontrolledbyathirdpartycompany,Terrafix,”saysYorkshireAmbulanceServiceinitsFOIresponse.Terrafixdidn’trespondtoNewScientist’srequestforcomment.“Terrafixprovidessystemstomanyambulances,soisahigh-levelpotentialtargetforhackers(黑客)，”saysRayWalshatadvocacygroupProPrivacy.“Thecompanyisresponsibleforsystemsthatprovidetheinformationthatfirstrespondersandparamedicsreceivewhileoncall,”hesays.“Ifitweretobehacked,criminalscouldpotentiallygetholdofanypatientdatathatisprovidedbythemobiledataterminalintheambulanceor,worse,interferewiththevitalinformationthatenablestheambulancetogettothepatientquickly."WindowsXPnolongergetssecurityupdates.Potentialconsequenceswereseenin2017,whentheWannaCryransomwareattackstookdownhundredsofthousandsofcomputersworldwide.Morethan60UKNationalHealthServicetrustswereaffected,whichpreventeddoctorsfromaccessingpatientrecordsandforcedthecancellationofmanyprocedures.WannaCryattackedcomputersthathadn’tbeenupdatedwiththelatestWindowssecuritypatches(補丁)orthatranversionsoftheoperatingsystemthatMicrosoftnolongersupported.8.WhatdoestheFOIdataindicate?A.Hospitalsfallvictimtocyberattacks.B.AmbulancesintheUKarenotwellequipped.C.WindowsXPispopularwithambulanceservices.D.AmbulanceservicesintheUKprovidepoorservices9.HowdidTerrafixrespondtoNewScientist'sFOIrequest?A.Coldly. B.Slowly. C.Positively. D.Intelligently.10.WhatkindoffeelingdoesRayWalshexpress?A.Anger. B.Shock. C.Concern. D.Disappointment.11.WhatdoweknowabouttheWannaCryransomwareattacksin2017?A.Microsoftwastoblameforthem.B.TheirtargetswereWindowsusers.C.MostambulancesintheUKwereattacked.D.Medicalserviceswereaffectedmostseverely.8-11BACB【語篇解讀】本文是說明文。英國的救護車因電腦操作系統(tǒng)過時而易受黑客攻擊。8.

B細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的HundredsofambulancesintheUKarestillusingdevicesthatrunonoutdatedWindowsoperatingsystems,makingthemmorevulnerabletocyberattacks，第二段的內(nèi)容和第三段中的Some350runonWindowsXP,whichhasn'tbeensupportedbyMicrosoftsinceApril2014可知，F(xiàn)OI數(shù)據(jù)顯示，英國救護車上的電腦操作系統(tǒng)過時。9.

A細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段中的Terrafixdidn'trespondtoNewScientist'srequestforcomment可知，Terrafix對NewScientist的請求不予回應(yīng)，態(tài)度冷淡。10.

C細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段中的Ifitweretobehacked,criminalscouldpotentiallygetaholdofanypatientdatathatisprovidedbythemobiledataterminalintheambulanceor,worse,interferewiththevitalinformationthatenablestheambulancetogettothepatientquickly可知，RayWalsh的話語中流露出一絲擔心。Terrafix公司所掌握的數(shù)據(jù)一旦被黑客攻擊，將會造成重大損失。11.

B推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的WannaCryattackedcomputersthathadn'tbeenupdatedwiththelatestWindowssecuritypatchesorthatranversionsoftheoperatingsystemthatMicrosoftnolongersupported可知，蠕蟲勒索病毒專門攻擊那些未及時更新的使用Windows操作系統(tǒng)的電腦。DSometermite(白蟻)specieshavefiguredouthowtoenjoytheshelterofthehugecomplexneststhattheinsectsbuildwithoutcontributingtotheirconstruction.Theyavoidthefullangeroftheirbuilderhostsbybeingextremelyeasy-going.Animalsthatliveinthenestsofanotherspecieswithoutaffectingthemareknownasinquilines.Inquilinetermitesareuniqueamongtermitesinbeingunabletomaketheirownnests.Instead,theyliveinthehallwaysbuiltbyanothertermite,Constrictotermescyphergaster.Untilnow,ithasbeenunclearhowthetwopartieskeptpeacefulinsuchtightquartersbecausetermitesaretypicallyveryaggressivetowardsoutsiders.HelderHugoattheUniversityofKonstanzinGermanyandhiscolleaguescollectedConstrictotermescyphergaster’snestsintheBrazilianCerradoandbroughtthemintothelaboratory.Theythenplacedhostandtenant(房客)termitesineitheropenornarrowareasandusedvideototrackandrecordthewaysinwhichthetwospeciesreactedtoeachother.Rightfromthestart,theinquiline’termitesmovedaroundlessthantheirhostsandinteractedlittlewiththem,eveninthemuchnarrowerarea.“Manytimes,”saysHugo,“whentwounrelatedgroupsareputtogetherinalimitedce—suchasanexperimentalarea—theoutcomeisconflictwithlossesfrombothsides.”Butthatdidn’thappenhere.Despiteattacksfromhosttermites,thetenanttermiteswereobedient.Hostswouldbiteorattacktheinquilineswithstrongchemicals,buttheirtargetsneverrespondedinthesameway,choosingtoflee.Someignoredthehostscompletely.“Wedidnotexpectthattheywouldneverfightback,”saysHugo,notingthattheinquilinesarecapableofprotectingtheirownplacewithmouths.“Bypreventingconflictgoingworse,inquilinetermitesmayconsiderablyimprovetheirchancesoflivingtogetherwiththeirhosttermitespeacefully.”“Passivenessdoesnotnecessarilyleadtodefeat,butcanbeaveryusefulstrategy,savingenergyandresources,”sheadds.“Naturemaynotalwaysberedintoothandclaw,andaggressionisnotanymoresuccessfulastrategythan‘cowardice’(儒弱).”12.Whatisthefeatureoftheinquilinetermites?A.Theyliveinanothertermitespecies’nests.B.Theyareaggressivetowardsoutsiders.C.Theyliketobuildtheirownnests.D.Theyarecommunicativetenants.13.Whatdoyoulearnabouttheexperimentinparagraph3?A.Thedifferencesbetweenthetwospecies.B.Thefindingsoftheobservation.C.Thelivinghabitsoftermites.D.Theprocessoftheresearch.14.WhatdoesHugothinkoftheinquilinetermites’livingstrategy?A.Aggressive. B.Unacceptable. C.Effective. D.Dangerous.15.What’sthebesttitleforthetext?A.TheCharacteristicsofTermitesB.PassivenessDoesn’tNecessarilyLeadtoDefeatC.TheRelationshipBetweenHostandTenantTermitesD.TermitesUseCowardicetoAvoidTheirHosts’Anger12-15ADCD【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章講述了寄居白蟻自己不筑巢，而是寄居在別的白蟻的巢穴中，這些白蟻用示弱來躲避巢穴主人的憤怒。12.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段關(guān)鍵句“Inquilinetermitesareuniqueamongtermitesinbeingunabletomaketheirownnests.Instead,theyliveinthehallwaysbuiltbyanothertermite,Constrictotermescyphergaster.”（在白蟻中，寄居白蟻是獨特的，它們不能夠自己筑巢。相反，它們生活在另一種白蟻Constrictotermescyphergaster建造的巢穴里。）可知，寄居白蟻是獨特的，它們不能夠自己筑巢，而是生活在另一種白蟻建造的巢穴中。由此可知，寄居白蟻的特征是它們生活在另一種白蟻的巢穴里。故選A項。13.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段內(nèi)容“HelderHugoattheUniversityofKonstanzinGermanyandhiscolleaguescollectedConstrictotermescyphergaster’snestsintheBrazilianCerradoandbroughtthemintothelaboratory.Theythenplacedhostandtenant(房客)termitesineitheropenornarrowareasandusedvideototrackandrecordthewaysinwhichthetwospeciesreactedtoeachother.”（德國康斯坦茨大學(xué)的赫爾德·雨果和他的同事們在巴西塞拉多收集了Constrictotermescyphergaster的巢穴，并把它們帶進了實驗室。然后，他們將主人和房客白蟻放置在開闊或狹窄的區(qū)域，并用視頻追蹤和記錄這兩種白蟻相互反應(yīng)的方式。）可知，本段主要介紹的是研究的過程，首先把收集到的巢穴帶進實驗室，然后將主人和房客白蟻放置在開闊或狹窄的區(qū)域，并用視頻追蹤和記錄這兩種白蟻相互反應(yīng)的方式。由此可知，在第三段中我們了解到了實驗研究的過程。故選D項。14.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段關(guān)鍵句“Despiteattacksfromhosttermites,thetenanttermiteswereobedient.Hostswouldbiteorattacktheinquilineswithstrongchemicals,buttheirtargetsneverrespondedinthesameway,choosingtoflee.Someignoredthehostscompletely.”（盡管受到主人白蟻的攻擊，房客白蟻還是聽話的。主人會用強烈的化學(xué)物質(zhì)叮咬或攻擊寄生白蟻，但它們的目標從來沒有做出同樣的反應(yīng)，而是選擇逃跑。有些完全忽視了主人。）可知，面對主人的攻擊，寄生白蟻選擇逃跑。根據(jù)文章最后一段內(nèi)容““Passivenessdoesnotnecessarilyleadtodefeat,butcanbeaveryusefulstrategy,savingenergyandresources,”sheadds.“Naturemaynotalwaysberedintoothandclaw,andaggressionisnotanymoresuccessfulastrategythan‘cowardice’(儒弱).””（“被動不一定會導(dǎo)致失敗，但可以是一個非常有用的戰(zhàn)略，節(jié)省能源和資源，”她補充說?！按笞匀晃幢乜偸羌t的牙齒和爪子，侵略也不是比‘懦弱’更成功的策略。”）可知，在雨果看來，寄生白蟻逃跑的被動反應(yīng)是一個非常有用的戰(zhàn)略。由此可知，雨果認為寄生白蟻的生存策略是有效的。故選C項。15.主旨大意題。分析文章內(nèi)容，結(jié)合第二段關(guān)鍵句“Inquilinetermitesareuniqueamongtermitesinbeingunabletomaketheirownnests.Instead,theyliveinthehallwaysbuiltbyanothertermite,Constrictotermescyphergaster.”（在白蟻中，寄居白蟻是獨特的，它們不能夠自己筑巢。相反，它們生活在另一種白蟻Constrictotermescyphergaster建造的走廊里。）和第四段關(guān)鍵句“Despiteattacksfromhosttermites,thetenanttermiteswereobedient.Hostswouldbiteorattacktheinquilineswithstrongchemicals,buttheirtargetsneverrespondedinthesameway,choosingtoflee.Someignoredthehostscompletely.”（盡管受到主人白蟻的攻擊，房客白蟻還是聽話的。主人會用強烈的化學(xué)物質(zhì)叮咬或攻擊寄生白蟻，但它們的目標從來沒有做出同樣的反應(yīng)，而是選擇逃跑。有些完全忽視了主人。）可知，文章主要講述了寄居白蟻獨特的生存方式，他們不能夠自己筑巢，而是生活在另一種白蟻建造的巢穴中，并且利用自己的“懦弱”來避免和巢穴主人發(fā)生沖突，以實現(xiàn)居住的目的?！癟ermitesUseCowardicetoAvoidTheirHosts’Anger”意為“白蟻用怯懦來躲避主人的憤怒”，為短文最佳標題。故選D項。二、七選五(共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。WhenyouarenewtotheneighborhoodWhenyoumoveintoanewneighborhood,buildingorcityblock,youalwayswonderwhoyournewneighborswillbe.Afteramove,there’sjustsomuchtodothatyouoftenleavegettingtoknowtheneighborsuntillast.____16_____Knowingyourneighbors,however,providesasafercommunity,onewherepeoplearelookingoutforeachother.____17_____Tohelp,usethesetime-savingguides.Tobeginwith,hosthousewarming(喬遷盛宴)party.Apartyisperfectwayforyouandyourfamilytomeetneighborsandmakenewfriends.____18_____Guestsknowthatyou'vejustmovedandwon'tbeexpectingyoutohostagrandget-together.Andeventhoughyoumayhaveonlyjustmet,askpeopletohelpoutbybringingchairsorglassesorsnacks.Meanwhile,getinvolvedinyournewcommunity,whetherit’svolunteeringorfindinganewjoborgettinginvolvedwithyourchild'sschool.Everytimeyouleaveyourhome,makeitapointtobefriendlyandapproachable.You'lldothisbybodylanguage.____19_____Ifyouhavechildren,they'llbemissingtheiroldneighborhoodandfriendsandwillbehavingahardtimeadjustingtoyournewhomeandsettlingintonewschool.Tohelpthemfeelmoreathomeandsettled,gettheminvolvedinthenewcommunity.Accompanyyourkidstoandfromtheschoolbusstop.Thisisalsoagoodwaytointroduceyourself.____20_____Feelingathomeinyournewhomeandneighborhoodtakestimeandeffortonyourpart,butinthelongrun,itiswellworthwhile.A.Keepitsimple.B.Andmoreoftenthannot,it'ssomethingyouneverdo.C.Godoortodoorandintroduceyourselftonewneighbors.D.Oftenjustawaveandasmilecanmakeahugedifference.E.You’relikelytomeetotherparentswhoaredoingthesame.F.Besides,youmightjustmakesomereallystrong,long-lastingfriendships.G.Someideasmaybetotakewalksaroundtheneighborhoodintheearlyeveningsorontheweekends.16-20BFADE【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。喬遷新居后，如何結(jié)交新鄰居，讓自己和家人在新的環(huán)境中快樂生活呢?本文作者提出了一些建議。16.B根據(jù)第一段第二句Aftermove,there’sjustsomuchtodothatyouoftenleavegettingtoknowtheneighborsuntillast(搬家之后，你們要做的事情太多了，所以你們常常會在最后才去結(jié)識鄰居。)可知，搬新家后，很多人不會很快去結(jié)識鄰居。選項B意思是“很多情況下，(結(jié)識鄰居)這件事你們根本就不會去做?！薄Ｇ昂缶湟饬x上自然銜接。17.F根據(jù)第一段第四句Knowingyourneighbors，however，providessafercommunity，onewherepeoplearelookingoutforeachother.(然而，認識你的鄰居會使你居住在一個更安全的社區(qū)，一個人們互相關(guān)心的地方。)可知，這里說的是認識新鄰居的好處。選項F也是說結(jié)識新鄰居的好處，與前一句意義上存在順延關(guān)系。18.A根據(jù)第二段第四句Guestsknowthatyou’vejustmovedandwon’tbeexpectingyoutohostgrandget-together.(客人知道你剛剛搬家了，不會指望你辦一個盛大的聚會。)可知，你辦一個簡單的宴會就可以了(Keepitsimple.)19.D根據(jù)第三段第三句Youldothisbybodylanguage.(你會通過肢體語言來做到這一點。)可知，接下來要用具體的例子說明肢體語言的運用。20.E根據(jù)第四段第三句Accompanyyourkidstoandfromtheschoolbusstop.(在學(xué)校巴士站接送你的孩子。)以及第四段最后一句Thisisalsogoodwaytointroduceyourself.(這也是你自我介紹的一個好方法。)可知，空格處應(yīng)該說在學(xué)校巴士站接送你的孩子的好處。選項E意思是“你有可能遇到同樣(到學(xué)校巴士站接送孩子)的家長”，符合上下文語境。三、完形填空：（共15題；每題1分）請認真閱讀下面短文，從各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項.Insuchalesser-knownwildlifereserve,therewerenootherguestsexceptme.Somehowthatnight,festivitieswiththestaffreachedapointwhereitseemedagoodideatogofora____21_____.Sowerandowntotheriveranddivedintoit.What____22_____methenextday,asIhadamuch-neededcoffeeoverlookingtheriver,wasseeinglargecroc(鱷魚)movingpastthevery____23_____spot.Somepeopleneedabitof____24_____togetthemselvesgoing,whileotherswillinglythrowthemselvesintopotentially____25_____situations,andcomeouttheothersidetransformed.Walkinginthewildcandothat.Ridingwildrivers,too.Onceyoutakethatfirststepontoground____26_____withthetracksofwildbeasts,orputyourpaddle(槳)intofast-flowing-riverforthefirsttime,youcrossadivideintoworldof____27_____.Yoursensesareheightened,yourvisionsharpensandyourearstunein.It’swhatourwildancestors____28_____onadailybasis.Sowereturntoseekoutthatthrill,to____29_____ourdomesticlivesandremindourselveswhatitistolive.Thereare____30_____foreveryone.Somediptheirtoein,andsomefullycommit.Eitherway,peopletakethatsteptoimmerse(融入)themselvesintheworld.Recently,threeunrelatedgroupsof____31_____didjustthat:walkinghundredsofkilometresamongdangerousbeasts,throughwildlifereservesoverasmanyas21days.Canitgetany____32_____?Therearealsokayakers(劃皮劃艇的人)whoflewdown____33_____rivers，showingusthat，forallthethrills，it’sthe____34_____aspectsthattheyenjoymost,thosetripswheretheysleepriverside,beneaththestars.Theirgoalwastodrawattentiontotheeffectofthepandemiconlocalcommunitiesandconservationandthey____35_____caughtourattention.21.A.walk B.ride C.swim D.coffee22.A.excited B.surprised C.touched D.frightened23.A.same B.perfect C.popular D.special24.A.energy B.courage C.patience D.wisdom25.A.tricky B.dangerous C.real D.embarrassing26.A.marked B.connected C.replaced D.charged27.A.harmony B.calmness C.security D.uncertainty28.A.treasured B.remembered C.experienced D.abandoned29.A.live B.devote C.escape D.compare30.A.degrees B.tours C.samples D.outlines31.A.scientists B.volunteers C.athletes D.adventurers32.A.wilder B.easier C.faster D.newer33.A.short B.fierce C.beautiful D.famous34.A.positive B.quiet C.practical D.lonely35.A.suddenly B.normally C.eventually D.undoubtedly21-25CDABB26-30ADCCA31-35DABBD【語篇解讀】本文是說明文。親近大自然，像我們的祖先一樣感受野外的力量，讓平凡的生活多一些新鮮與刺激。21.

C。根據(jù)下文中的werandowntotheriveranddivedintoit可知，他們當晚決定去“游泳（swim）”。22.

D。根據(jù)文中的seeingalargecrocmoving可知，讓作者“感到害怕（frightened）”的是，就在他們昨天游泳的“同一（same）”地點，一只鱷魚正在游過。23.A。根據(jù)文中的seeingalargecrocmoving可知，讓作者“感到害怕（frightened）”的是，就在他們昨天游泳的“同一（same）”地點，一只鱷魚正在游過。24.

B。根據(jù)文中的whileotherswillinglythrowthemselvesintopotentially可知，盡管有些人會樂意置身于有潛在“危險（dangerous）”的環(huán)境中，但有些人需要點“勇氣（courage）”才敢過去。前后兩種情況形成對比。25.B。根據(jù)文中的whileotherswillinglythrowthemselvesintopotentially可知，盡管有些人會樂意置身于有潛在“危險（dangerous）”的環(huán)境中，但有些人需要點“勇氣（courage）”才敢過去。前后兩種情況形成對比。26.

A。根據(jù)上文中的wild和下文中的thetracksofwildbeasts可知，路上有野獸“留下（marked）”的足跡。27.

D。根據(jù)上文中的inthewild和wildrivers可知，踏入野外后，將進入一個充滿“不確定（uncertainty）”因素的世界。28.

C。根據(jù)下文中的return可知，上文提到的情況都是我們的祖先“經(jīng)歷（experienced）”過的。29.

C。根據(jù)上文中的seekoutthatthrill可知，到野外去可以“逃離（escape）”居家生活。30.

A。根據(jù)下文中的Somediptheirtoein,andsomefullycommit可知，有人淺嘗輒止，有人完全投入，“程度（degrees）”不一。31.

D。根據(jù)下文所介紹的戶外活動及其目的可知，參與者最有可能是“冒險者（adventurers）”。32.A。上文所描寫的活動已經(jīng)夠野了，此處作者用Canitgetanywilder?來表達這些活動確實夠野。33.B。根據(jù)上文中的dangerous和thrill可知，此處“湍急的（fierce）”河流符合語境。34.B。根據(jù)下文中的theysleepriverside,beneaththestars可知，經(jīng)歷過刺激之后，人們更追求之后的“安靜（quiet）”。35.D。根據(jù)上文可知，這些探險者希望吸引人們的眼球，而他們確實被人們注意到了，所以選undoubtedly。四、語法填空：（共10小題；每題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。DiegoMaradona,theArgentinesoccergreatwhoscoredthe“HandofGod”goalin1986and____36_____(lead)hiscountrytothatyear'sWorldCuptitle,hasdied.Hewas60.Maradona’sspokesman,SebastiánSanchi,saidhediedWednesdayofheartattack,twoweeksafterbeingreleasedfromahospitalinBuenosAires____37_____(follow)brainsurgery.TheofficeofArgentina’spresidentsaiditwilldecree(頒布法令)threedaysofnationalmourning,andtheArgentinesoccerassociationexpressed____38_____(it)sorrowon.Maradonacaptivated____39_____(fan)aroundtheworldoveratwo-decadecareerwithafascinatingstyleofplay.Althoughhisreputation____40_____(influence)byanill-fatedspellinchargeofthenationalteam,heremainedidolized(偶像)inArgentina____41_____“GoldenBoy”.“Youtookustothetopoftheworld,”ArgentinePresidentAlfredoFernándezsaidonsocialmedia.“Youmadeus____42_____(incredible)happy.Youwerethegreatestofall.”TheNo.10heworeonhisshirtbecamesynonymouswith(同義)him,asitalsohadwithPele,theBraziliangreatwith____43_____Maradonawasregularlypairedasthebestofalltime.“Whatsadnews,”PelesaidWednesday.“Ilost____44_____greatfriendandtheworldlostalegend.MayGodgive____45_____(strong)tofamilymembers.Oneday,hopewecanplayballtogetherinthesky.”36.led37.following38.its39.fans40.wasinfluenced41.as42.incredibly43.whom44.a45.strength【語篇解讀】這是一篇新聞報道。文章主要講述了阿根廷足球著名演員迭戈·馬拉多納去世的消息，并介紹了其生平的一些事跡。36.考查動詞時態(tài)。句意：阿根廷足球著名演員迭戈·馬拉多納去世，他曾在1986年射入“之手”進球，并帶領(lǐng)阿根廷贏得了當年的世界杯冠軍。and前后為并列成分，空處和scored并列，需填lead的過去式，構(gòu)成一般過去時。故填led。37.考查介詞。句意：馬拉多納的發(fā)言人塞巴斯蒂安·桑奇說，馬拉多納周三死于心臟病發(fā)作，兩周前他在布宜諾斯艾利斯的一家醫(yī)院接受了腦部手術(shù)。結(jié)合語境可知，此處使介詞following，表示“在（某事）之后”，followingbrainsurgery“腦部手術(shù)之后”。故填following。38.考查代詞。句意：阿根廷總統(tǒng)辦公室表示，將下令全國哀悼三天，阿根廷足球協(xié)會在推特上表達了哀悼之情。修飾名詞sorrow，需用形容詞性物主代詞。故填its。39.考查名詞。句意：馬拉多納在20年的職業(yè)生涯中以其迷人的球風(fēng)吸引了全世界的球迷。空處需填名詞作賓語，fan為可數(shù)名詞，此處表示泛指，且沒有冠詞限定，需填名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填fans。40.考查動詞時態(tài)語態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：盡管他的名聲受到了執(zhí)教國家隊那段不幸經(jīng)歷的影響，但他仍被阿根廷人奉為“金童”。設(shè)空處為從句謂語動詞，根據(jù)remained可知，使用一般過去時，主語reputation和influence為被動關(guān)系，主語為不可數(shù)名詞，謂語動詞使用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。故填wasinfluenced。41.考查介詞。句意：盡管他的名聲受到了執(zhí)教國家隊那段不幸經(jīng)歷的影響，但他仍被阿根廷人奉為“金童”。結(jié)合語境可知，空處需填介詞“作為”，as意為“作為”。故填as。42.考查副詞。句意：你讓我們非常開心?？仗幮揎椥稳菰~happy，需用副詞作狀語。故填incredibly。43.考查定語從句。句意：他球衣上的10號球衣成為了他的代名詞，同樣也成為了貝利的代名詞，馬拉多納一直被認為是巴西偉大球員貝利的最佳搭檔?？仗幰龑?dǎo)定語從句，先行詞Pele，指人，在定語從句中作with的賓語，需用關(guān)系代詞whom引導(dǎo)。故填whom。44.考查冠詞。句意：我失去了一位偉大的朋友，世界失去了一位傳奇人物。friend為可數(shù)名詞，此處表示泛指，great發(fā)音以輔音音素開頭，需用不定冠詞a修飾。故填a。45.考查名詞。句意：愿神賜力量給家庭成員?？仗幮杼蠲~作動詞give的賓語，strength意為“力量”，是抽象名詞，不可數(shù)。故填strength。第二部分寫作(共兩節(jié),滿分40分)第一節(jié)(滿分15分)假定你是李華，你校學(xué)生會將舉辦垃圾分類中英文海報設(shè)計大賽，你是負責(zé)人。請在你校英文網(wǎng)站寫一則通知，內(nèi)容包括：1.大賽目的；2.作品要求；3.作品展出方式及頒獎時間。注意：1.詞數(shù)80左右；2.可適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫；NoticeGarbageClassificationPosterDesignCompetition______________________________________________________