2023年421大學(xué)英語專業(yè)四級(jí)真題語言知識(shí)部分答案

--專業(yè)資料共享----專業(yè)資料共享--2023.4.21大學(xué)英語專業(yè)四級(jí)真題語言學(xué)問局部答案具體解析11.TheBentPyramidoutsideCario ancientEgyptpyramid.A.hasbeenbelievedtohavebeenB.wasbelievedtobeC.isbelievedtohavebeen believedtobe

’sfirstattemptto-sidebuildasmooth解析：C.isbelievedtohavebeen.位于Cariof四周的彎曲金字塔被認(rèn)為是古埃及第一次嘗試建造的一個(gè)外表光滑的金字塔。背景相關(guān)學(xué)問，彎曲金字塔，是公元前2600年由第一位法老薩夫羅修建的，位于距離Cario西南27公里處的地區(qū)，它是僅存的外表平滑金字塔之一，塔身彎曲?？键c(diǎn)分析，sb/sthbebelievedtodo/tobedoing/tohavedone用法,sb/sthbebelievedtodo(將來時(shí)態(tài)，代表某人某物被認(rèn)為將要做某事〕， LucyisbelievedtogotoLondon.Lucy被認(rèn)為將要去倫敦?！矝]去〕； sb/sthbebelievedtobedoing(現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)，某人或某事物正在做某事 )，LucyisbelievedtogoingtoLondon.Lucy被認(rèn)為正在去倫敦的路上。〔在去的路上〕；sb/sthbebelievedtohavedone(過去時(shí)態(tài)，代表某人某事物被認(rèn)為應(yīng)當(dāng)做過某事) ，LucyisbelievedtohavegonetoLondon.Lucy被認(rèn)為去過倫敦。〔已經(jīng)去了〕。拓展句型，TherefugeesfromSyriaarebelievedtohavecommittedvariouscrimesinGermanysinceJune2023.人們信任敘利亞來的難民自2023年6月份以來已經(jīng)在德國犯下了各種罪行。12.U.S.News rankingsofcollegessince1983.Theyareaverypopularresourceforstudentslookingtoapplytoauniversitycampus.A.maintainsB.ismaintainingC.maintained

D.hasbeenmaintaining解析：D.hasbeenmaintaining.《美國聞》從1983年起就始終保持著大學(xué)的排名。對(duì)于想申請(qǐng)大學(xué)校園的學(xué)生來說，這些大學(xué)是格外受歡送的資源?？键c(diǎn)分析，時(shí)態(tài)現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)展時(shí)〔havebeendoing〕，從過去某一時(shí)間點(diǎn)〔1983年〕到現(xiàn)在照舊進(jìn)展的動(dòng)作〔始終保持大學(xué)排名〕。拓展句型，Tomhasbeenplayingfootballfortwohours.Tom已經(jīng)踢了兩個(gè)小時(shí)的足球了。maintain重要詞匯，vt.〔keepsteady〕維持，~tomaintainworldpeace,〔support〕供給，~tomaintainafamilyof6,〔assert堅(jiān)稱〕~tomaintainthat,(lookafter保養(yǎng)—vehicle、machine、building〕~tomaintainaroad.☆Hewasluredintoacrimehewouldnot havecommitted.A.actuallyB.otherwiseC.accidentally D.seldom解析：B.otherwise.他是被引誘的,要不然的話,他是不會(huì)犯罪的。考點(diǎn)分析，otherwise用在定語從句構(gòu)造中,并與虛擬語氣搭配使用。此題省略了 that，Hewasluredintoacrimethathewouldnototherwisehavecommitted.本句中省略的關(guān)系代詞 that指代先行詞crime,充當(dāng)commit的賓語。Otherwise的這一用法既可以消滅在that/which/who引導(dǎo)的一般定語從句中,也可以消滅在than引導(dǎo)的特別定語從句。otherwise的根本含義是“在相反的狀況下”或“要不然的話”表,達(dá)的是與前面提到的真實(shí)狀況相反的一個(gè)假設(shè)情形。本句otherwise是對(duì)過去的虛擬,otherwise就相當(dāng)于虛擬條件從句“ifithadnotbeenfor此時(shí)”that,定語從句中的構(gòu)造為“thatsomebodywouldotherwisehave+過去分詞”。整個(gè)定語從句相當(dāng)于這樣一個(gè)完整的虛擬句:“Hewouldnothavecommittedthecrimeifhehadnotbeenluredintoit.假設(shè)他當(dāng)時(shí)沒有”(受引誘,他就不會(huì)犯罪了。)具體用法請(qǐng)查閱otherwise與定語從句。shewasonceayoungcountrywifewithchickensinthebackyardandaviewof mountainsbehindtheappleorchard.1. bluehazyVirginiaB.VirginiabluehazyC.hazyblueVirginiaD.hazyVirginiablue解析：C.hazyblueVirginia.她曾經(jīng)是一個(gè)年輕的鄉(xiāng)村妻子，后院養(yǎng)著雞，在蘋果園后面可以看到模糊的藍(lán)色弗吉尼亞山脈。只要你記住口訣“限數(shù)描大形,色國材名”這句話,此題就迎刃而解。如，thesetwousefulsmallnewwhiteAmericancalculators.15.Ilongtoalleviate ,butIcannot,andItoosuffer.A.theevil B.evils C.anevil D.evil解析：A.theevil.我期望減輕這些罪惡，但無能為力 ,我自己也在受苦受難?？键c(diǎn)分析，考句選自羅素的WhatIHaveLivedFor，BertrandRussell.theevil,alleviatevt.Indeed,itisarguablethatbodyshatteringistheverypointoffootball,askillingandmaiming .warB.arewarC.ofwarD.areofwar解析：D.areofwar.事實(shí)上，身體損害是足球的關(guān)鍵是可論證的，如同殺戮和殘害是戰(zhàn)斗的關(guān)鍵。At ,photographyisachemicalprocess,duringwhichalight-sensitivematerialisalteredwhenexposedtolight.itsmostbasicB.itsbasicC.themostbasicD.thebasic解析：A.itsmostbasic.在最根本的狀況下，攝影是一個(gè)化學(xué)過程，在這個(gè)過程中，感光材料在曝光時(shí)會(huì)發(fā)生變化?？键c(diǎn)分析，atone’s/its形+容詞最高級(jí),表達(dá)的含義是“處于最 的狀態(tài)”。拓展句型...but,custom,wehaveawayofthinking,isbehavioratitsmostcommonplace.但對(duì)于傳統(tǒng)風(fēng)俗，我們卻覺得那不過是最最尋常的行為而已。Shehiredalawyertoinvestigate,onlytolearnthatGabrielhadremovedhernamefromthedeed.Theinfinitiveverbphrase “onlytolearn ”istoused .A.toexpressanintendedpurposetoindicateahighdegreeofpossibilitytorevealanundesirableconsequencetodramatizeastatedfact解析：C.torevealanundesirableconsequence.她雇了一個(gè)律師去調(diào)查，結(jié)果卻覺察加布里埃爾把她的名字從契約中刪除了。考點(diǎn)分析，onlyto不“料竟會(huì)?沒想到會(huì)?”不定式表結(jié)果時(shí),常指出人意料的結(jié)果。拓展句型，Theheadmasterhurriedtotheconcerthallonlytofindthespeakergone.校長匆忙來到音樂大廳，結(jié)果覺察演講者早已走了。WhichofthefollowingitalicizedwordsDOESNOTcarrythemetaphoricalmeaning?Iwonderwhat’sbehindthischangeofplan.Jimturnedtospeaktothepersonstandingbehindhim.Thisworkshouldhavebeenfinishedyesterday.I ’mgettingterriblybehind.IsupposeI ’mluckybecausemyparentswerebehindmealltheway.解析：B.Jimturnedtospeaktothepersonstandingbehindhim.吉姆轉(zhuǎn)身跟站在他后面的那個(gè)人說話。behind“在身后，背后，?的反面”站在身后的人，無隱含意義。A.“我想知道轉(zhuǎn)變打算的緣由”，behind為“作為...的緣由”等用于responsiblefor，如what’sbehindhisactions?他行動(dòng)的動(dòng)機(jī)是什么？C.“項(xiàng)工作昨天應(yīng)當(dāng)已經(jīng)完成了。我越來越落后了這”,behind為“落后于”，如We”rebehindschedule(=late).我們的工作進(jìn)度落后了。D.“我認(rèn)為我很幸運(yùn)由于我的父母始終支持我”，behind為“支持，贊成”。Mymotherwasdeterminedtohelpthoseinneedandshewouldhavebeenimmenselyproudofwhathasbeenachievedtheselast20years.Theitalicizedpartinthesentenceexpresses .A.ahypothesisB.asuggestionC.acontradictionD.asurprise解析：A.ahypothesis.一種假設(shè)。我母親決心幫助那些有需要的人，她會(huì)為過去 20年所取得的成就感到無比驕傲。WhenthepoliceofficerswhotookpartintheKingbeatingwerefirstbroughtto ,theirlawyersusedthevideotapeasevidenceagainsttheprosecution.--專業(yè)資料共享----專業(yè)資料共享--1. justiceB.testimonyC.trial D.verdict解析：C.trial.當(dāng)參與毆打國王的警官第一次被帶到庭審時(shí)，他們的律師用錄像帶作為反對(duì)控方的證據(jù)。考點(diǎn)分析，詞匯辨析， trialn.(Law)審訊，審理，審判；justicen.司法；testimonyn.證詞~togivetestimony作證；verdict〔Law)陪審團(tuán)的裁決~averdictofguiltyornotguilty有罪或無罪的裁決~toarriveat/reach/returnaverdict作出裁決； ,themostcontroversialcandidateintheelectioncampaign,hehasbeenstronglycriticizedforhiscrudecommentsaboutwomen.1. QuestionablyB.ArguablyC.ContentiouslyD.Debatably解析：可以說，作為競選活動(dòng)中最有爭議的候選人，他對(duì)女性的粗魯評(píng)論受到了猛烈批判?？键c(diǎn)分析，詞匯辨析arguablyadv.可論證地→arguableadj.可論證的，有依據(jù)的〔16題曾消滅〕→arguev.爭論，辯論→argumentn.爭論，辯論→argumentativeadj.好爭論的；questionableadj./adv.可質(zhì)疑的/可質(zhì)疑地；contentiouslyadv.有異議地→contentiousadj.有爭議的，好爭論的;debaten./vt./vi.爭論；辯論→debatableadj.有爭議的;Priceshaverecentlyriseninorderto theincreasedcostofrawmaterials.1. cut B.buoy C.offerD.offset解析：近日，物價(jià)上漲以抵消原材料本錢的上漲。考點(diǎn)分析，詞匯辨析 offsetvt.抵消~tooffsetsthagainststhn.抵消~asanoffsettosth作為對(duì)某事物的補(bǔ)償；buoyvt.使漂移，使振作，使上漲~buoyup;rawmaterial原材料；抵消：不同事物的作用或性質(zhì)因相反而相互消退。抵銷：以等價(jià)實(shí)物、債權(quán)等沖抵勾銷欠賬。Thecelebritysaysincourtpapersshetoanyontoproceedwithadivorce. ”1. recommendationB.recording

“hasno ofgivinganyauthorizationC.recollection D.recognition解析：這位名人在法庭上說，她“不記得授權(quán)任何人離婚?！笨键c(diǎn)分析，詞匯辨析recollectionn.記憶力~hasnorecollectionof不記得；recommendationn.推舉，建議~ontherecommendationof經(jīng)...推舉~tospeakinrecommendationofsb/sth口頭推舉某人某事~tomakearecommendation提出建議；recognitionn.認(rèn)出，生疏，Whatactually agoodangle—oragoodselfieoverall—isrootedinwhatweconsiderbeautiful.--專業(yè)資料共享----專業(yè)資料共享--1. consists B.constitutesC.composes D.constructsTheschoolisgoingthe miletocreatethenextgenerationofsportingstarsthankstoitsuniquedevelopmentprogram.1. final B.furtherC.supplementaryD.extra解析：D.extra.由于其獨(dú)特的進(jìn)展打算，學(xué)校正在為制造下一代體 (更進(jìn)育明星而邁出一大步 ”拓展句型，一步努力〕。gotheextramile 做“比期望的多得多的努力 ;做更多,取得更大的成就 ”。ThePresidentisdetermined”togotheextramileforpeace

?？偨y(tǒng)決心“為實(shí)現(xiàn)’和平而加倍努力Theteachers’union alawsuitagainstthedistrictcallingforrepairingschoolconditions.1. fired B.filed C.fined D.filled解析：B.filed.教師工會(huì)對(duì)該地區(qū)提起訴訟，要求修復(fù)“糟糕”的學(xué)校條件。詞匯辨析，file(Law)提起訴訟~tofilealawsuit(againstsb)；teacher’sunion教師工會(huì)；deplorableadj.糟糕透的〔livingcondition，state〕~inadeplorableconditionLastMarchthe ofa19thcenturycargoshipwasfoundbyanunderwaterarchaeologicalteam.1.debrisB.ruinsC.remainsD.wreck解析：D.去年三月，一艘十九世紀(jì)貨船的殘骸被水下考古隊(duì)覺察。詞匯辨析，wreckn.(輪船、汽車、飛機(jī)或房屋失事后的)殘骸;ruinsn.廢墟；debrisn.〔被毀物的〕殘骸;碎片;垃圾(Debris/