考研考博-英語(yǔ)-佛山職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解篇2

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-佛山職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第壹套一.全考點(diǎn)押題密卷-綜合訓(xùn)練(共50題)1.單選題

Thereisthefearthatbabiesmightbegeneticallyalteredtosuittheparents'wishes.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.enhanced

B.revised

C.alternated

D.modified

【答案】D

【解析】動(dòng)詞辨析。句意:人們擔(dān)心有些父母為了使小孩達(dá)到他們的期望而（

）其基因。

enhance:提高，加強(qiáng)，增進(jìn)。revise修改，校訂。alternate交替，輪流。modify修改，更改，改變。alter:改變，更改。

2.單選題

Wehaveknownforalongtimethattheorganizationofanyparticularsocietyisinfluencedbythedefinitionofthesexesandthedistinctiondrawnbetweenthem.Butwehaverealizedonlyrecentlythattheidentityofeachsexisnotsoeasytopindown,andthatdefinitionsevolveinaccordancewithdif-ferenttypesofcultureknowntous,thatis,scientificdiscoveriesandideologicalrevolutions.Ourna-tureisnotconsideredasimmutable,eithersociallyorbiologically.Asweapproachthebeginningofthe21stcentury,thesubstantialprogressmadeinbiologyandgeneticsisradicallychallengingtheroles,responsibilitiesandspecificcharacteristicsattributedtoeachsex,andyet,scarcelytwentyyearsago,thesewerethoughttobe“beyonddispute”.

Wecansafelysay，withafewminorexceptions,thatthedefinitionofthesexesandtheirrespec-tivefunctionsremainedunchangedintheWestfromthebeginningofthe19thcenturytothe1960s.Theroledistinction,raisedinsomecasestothestatusofuncompromisingdualismonastronglyhier-archicalmodel,lastedthroughoutthisperiod,appealingforitsjustificationtonature,religionandcustomsallegedtohaveexistedsincethedawnoftime.Thewomanborechildrenandtookcareofthehome.Themansetouttoconquertheworldandwasresponsibleforthesurvivalofhisfamily,bysat-isfyingtheirneedsinpeacetimeandgoingtowarwhennecessary.

Theentireworldorderrestedonthedivergenceofthesexes.Anyoverlappingorconfusionbe-tweentheroleswasseenasathreattothetime-honoredorderofthings.Itwasfelttobeagainstna-ture,adeviationfromthenorm.

Sexrolesweredeterminedaccordingtothe“place”appropriatetoeach.Women’splacewas,firstandforemost,inthehome.Theoutsideworld,i.e.workshops,factoriesandbusinessfirms,be-longedtomen.Thissex-baseddivisionoftheworld(privateandpublic)gaverisetoastrictdichoto-mybetweentheattitudes,whichconferredoneachitsspecialidentity.Thewoman,sequesteredathome,“cared,nurturedandconserved?Todothis,shehadnoneedtobedaring,ambitious,toughorcompetitive.Theman,ontheotherhand,competingwithhisfellowmen,wascaughtupev-erydayinthestruggleforsurvival,andhencedevelopedthosecharacteristicswhichwerethoughtnat-uralinaman.

Today,manywomengoouttowork,andtheirreasonsfordoingsohavechangedconsiderably.Besidesthetraditionalfinancialincentives,wefindambitionandpersonalfulfillmentmotivatingthoseinthemostfavorablecircumstances,andthewishtohaveasociallifeandtogetoutoftheirdomesticisolationinfluencingothers.Aboveall，forallwomen,workisinvariablyconnectedwiththedesireforindependence.

1.Itisonlyinrecentyearsthatwehaverecognizedthat（）

2.Fromparagraph1wecaninferthatitisnowpossibleforwomentoembarkonacareer

because（）

3.TheauthorbelievesthatsexdiscriminationintheWestbeforethe1960swas（）

4.Accordingtothefourthparagraph,theauthorseemstothinkthat（）

5.Accordingtotheauthor,whichofthefollowingisthemostimportantreasonforwomentogotowork?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.thereisalmostnocluetotheidentityofbothsexes

B.theroledistinctionbetweendifferentsexesisconspicuous

C.thedifferentdefinitionsofsexesbearsonthedevelopmentofculture

D.theprogressofcivilizationgreatlyinfluencestheroledefinitionsofsexes

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.thechangeinsexrolesisoutofthequestion

B.women’slibhasbeengoingonformanyyears

C.ideasabouttherolesofwomenhavebeenchanging

D.theexpansionofsciencesscarcelyremoldsthewomen’sroles

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.preferable

B.prevalent

C.presumable

D.precedent

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.femalepassivityisnatural

B.menandwomenarephysicallyidentical

C.menareborncompetitiveandaggressive

D.somedifferentsexidentityisacquired

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Wishtoclaimtheirrightsandfreedom.

B.Ambitionandself-fulfillment.

C.Financialincentives.

D.Desireforasociallife.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:D

第5題:A

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞“inrecentyearsthatwehaverecognized”定位至第一段：Butwehaverealizedonlyrecentlythattheidentityofeachsexisnotsoeasytopindown,andthatdefinitionsevolveinaccordancewithdifferenttypesofcultureknowntous,thatis,scientificdiscoveriesandideologicalrevolutions（但直到最近，我們才意識(shí)到，每一種性別的身份并不容易被確定下來(lái)，而且定義是根據(jù)我們所知的不同類型的文化，即科學(xué)發(fā)現(xiàn)和意識(shí)形態(tài)革命而演變的）。因此，D項(xiàng)正確。

2.細(xì)節(jié)題。定位至第一段：Asweapproachthebeginningofthe21stcentury,thesubstantialprogressmadeinbiologyandgeneticsisradicallychallengingtheroles,responsibilitiesandspecificcharacteristicsattributedtoeachsex,andyet,scarcelytwentyyearsago,thesewerethoughttobe“beyonddispute”（在接近21世紀(jì)初的時(shí)候，生物學(xué)和遺傳學(xué)取得的實(shí)質(zhì)性進(jìn)展正在從根本上挑戰(zhàn)每一性別所扮演的角色、責(zé)任和特定特征，然而，就在20年前，這些被認(rèn)為是“無(wú)可爭(zhēng)議的”）。因此，C項(xiàng)（關(guān)于婦女角色的觀念一直在改變）正確。

3.語(yǔ)義題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞“sexdiscriminationintheWestbeforethe1960s”定位至第二段：...lastedthroughoutthisperiod,appealingforitsjustificationtonature,religionandcustomsallegedtohaveexistedsincethedawnoftime.Thewomanborechildrenandtookcareofthehome，因此這種性別差異一直以來(lái)都存在。Preferable略勝一籌的；prevalent普遍存在的；presumable可推測(cè)的；precedent在先的。因此，B項(xiàng)正確。

4.細(xì)節(jié)題。定位至第四段，作者認(rèn)為性別分工及性格形成并不是自然而然的事情。因此，D項(xiàng)（一些性別身份的不同是后天獲得的）正確。

5.細(xì)節(jié)題。定位至最后一段：Aboveall,forallwomen,workisinvariablyconnectedwiththedesireforindependence（對(duì)于所有女性來(lái)說(shuō)，工作是想要獨(dú)立）。因此，A項(xiàng)（希望獲得權(quán)力和自由）概括全面。

3.單選題

Upuntilthattime,hisinteresthadfocusedalmost（）onfullymasteringthe

skillsandtechniquesofhiscraft.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.restrictively

B.radically

C.inclusively

D.exclusively

【答案】D

【解析】句意：直到那個(gè)時(shí)候，他的興趣幾乎只（）充分地掌握職業(yè)的技能和技巧。再根據(jù)題干中almost和fully，可知他只關(guān)注掌握他的職業(yè)的技能和技巧。A選項(xiàng)restrictively限制性地；B選項(xiàng)radically根本地，徹底地；C選項(xiàng)inclusively包含地；D選項(xiàng)exclusively專有地；排外地。

4.單選題

___foryourhelp,Icouldnothaveaccomplishedthedissertation.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Haditbeennot

B.Hadnotitbeen

C.Hadnotbeenit

D.Haditnotbeen

【答案】D

【解析】考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。當(dāng)主句：主語(yǔ)+should/would/could/might+havedone，從句：If主語(yǔ)+had+done，表示和過去事實(shí)相反的情況，其中if可以省略。虛擬語(yǔ)氣if省略時(shí)，句中的動(dòng)詞were、had或should和主語(yǔ)倒裝，構(gòu)成部分倒裝：只需要將謂語(yǔ)中的助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞置于主語(yǔ)之前。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

5.單選題

Thegovernmenthasabigroletoplayincreatinglawsthatprotectsearth’snaturalwaterresourcesfromtotaldestructionand（

）informationtothepublicwithwaysandmeanstoconservewater.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.dispersing

B.annotating

C.announcing

D.disseminating

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。disperse意為“（使）分散，驅(qū)散”；annotate意為“注解，注釋”；announce意為“宣布，宣告”；disseminate意為“散布，傳播”。

句意：政府在制定保護(hù)地球自然水資源免遭全面破壞的法律方面發(fā)揮著重要作用，通過各種方法向公眾宣傳信息提倡節(jié)約用水。

6.單選題

Thelifestoryofthehumanspeciesgoesbackamillionyears,andthereisnodoubtthatmancameonlyrecentlytothewesternhemisphere.Noneofthethousandsofsitesofaboriginalhabitationuncoveredin-WorthandSouthAmericahasantiquitycomparabletothatofoldWorldsites.Man'soccupationoftheNewWorldmaydateseveraltensofthousandsofyears,butnoonerationallyarguesthathehasbeenhereeven100,000years.

SpeculationastohowmanfoundhiswaytoAmericawaslivelyattheoutset,andtheproposedroutesboxedthecompass.Withoneortwonotableexceptions,however,studentsofAmericananthropologysoonsettledfortheplausibleideathatthefirstimmigrantscamebywayofalandbridgethathadconnectedthenortheastcomerofAsiatothenorthwestcomerofNorthAmericaacrosstheBeringStrait)Marinerswereabletosupplythereassuringinformationthatthestraitisnotonlynarrowitis56mileswide-butalsoshallow,aloweringofthesealevelthereby100feetorsowouldtransformthestraitintoanisthmus(地峽).WithlittleeelsinthewayofevidencetosustaintheBeringStraitlandbridge,anthropologistsembracedtheideathatmanwalkeddry-hoedfromAsiatoAmerica.

Towardtheendofthy/lastcentury,however,itbecameapparentthattheWesternHemispherewastheNewWorldnotonlyformanbutalsoforahostofanimalsandplants.ZoologistsandbotanistsshowedthatnumeroussubjectsoftheirrespectivekingdomsmusthaveoriginatedinAsiaandspreadtoAmerica.Thesefindingswereneitherastonishingnorwhollyunexpected.Suchspreadofpopulationsisnottobeenvisionedasanexodusormassmigration,eveninthecaseofanimals.Itis,rather,aspillingintonewterritorythataccompaniesincreaseinnumbers,withmovementinthedirectionofleastpopulationpressureandmostfavorableecologicalconditions.Buttheimmensetrafficinplantandanimal’sformsplacedaheavyburdenontheBeringStraitlandbridgeastheanthropologistsaheadenvisionedit.Whereaspurposefulmencouldmaketheirwayacrossanarrowbridge,theslowdiffusionofplantandanimalswouldrequireanavenueasacontinentandavailableforagesatastretch.

1.ThemovementofplantsandanimalsfromAsiatoAmericaindicates（）.

2.Theauthorisrefutingthenotionthat（）.

3.Byusingthewords“boxedthecompass”(inLine7)theauthorimpliesthat（）.

4.Onereasonforthemigrationnotmentionedbytheauthoris（）.

5.Wemayassumethatintileparagraphthatfollowsthispassagetheauthorarguesabout（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.thattheycouldnothavetraveledacrosstheBeringStrait

B.thatAsiaandtheWesternhemispherewereconnectedbyalargelandmass

C.thattheBeringSeawasanisthmusatonetime

D.thatmigrationwasintheonedirectiononly

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.lifearoseinAmericaindependentlyoflifeinEurope

B.thefirstsettlersinAmericacameduringthesixteenthcentury

C.alargecontinentonceexistedwhichhasdisappeared

D.manwasahosttoanimalsandplants

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.themigrationofmankindwasfromWesttoEast

B.themigrationofmankindwasfromEasttoWest

C.mankindtraveledinalldirections

D.mankindwalkedfromAsiatoAmerica

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.overcrowding

B.favorableenvironmentalconditions

C.famine

D.theexistenceofalandbridge

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.thecontributionsofanthropologist

B.thecontributionsofzoologistsandbotanists

C.thecontributionsmadebytheAmericanIndians

D.theexistenceofalargelandmassbetweenAsiaandNorthAmerica

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:C

第4題:C

第5題:D

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段，“thefirstimmigrantscamebywayofalandbridgethathadconnectedthenortheastcomerofAsiatothenorthwestcomerofNorthAmericaacrosstheBeringStrait.Marinerswereabletosupplythereassuringinformationthatthestraitisnotonlynarrowitis56mileswide-butalsoshallow,aloweringofthesealevelthereby100feetorsowouldtransformthestraitintoanisthmus(地峽).”，可知第一批移民者通過一座橋連接亞洲東北角和穿過白令海峽的北美西北角的大陸橋來(lái)到美國(guó)，水手能夠提供可靠的信息，不僅是狹窄的海峽56英里寬,但也淺，那里的海平面下降100英尺左右，就會(huì)把海峽變成地峽?？膳袛喑鰟?dòng)植物從亞洲到美洲的遷徙表明亞洲和西半球由一大片陸地連接起來(lái)。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段，可知第一批移民者通過一座橋連接亞洲東北角和穿過白令海峽的北美西北角的大陸橋來(lái)到美國(guó)，亞洲和西半球由一大片陸地連接起來(lái)的，所以作者駁斥了曾經(jīng)存在過的一個(gè)大陸已經(jīng)消失了的觀點(diǎn)。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

3.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段，“SpeculationastohowmanfoundhiswaytoAmericawaslivelyattheoutset,andtheproposedroutesboxedthecompass.”，可知關(guān)于人類是如何找到去美國(guó)的路的猜測(cè)一開始就很活躍，所提議的路線四通八達(dá)。下文提到第一批移民者通過一座橋連接亞洲東北角和穿過白令海峽的北美西北角的大陸橋來(lái)到美國(guó)，可判斷出人類在四面八方旅行。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

4.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段，“aspillingintonewterritorythataccompaniesincreaseinnumbers,withmovementinthedirectionofleastpopulationpressureandmostfavorableecologicalconditions.”，可知向人口壓力最小、生態(tài)條件最有利的方向流動(dòng)，并伴隨著數(shù)量的增加而涌入新的領(lǐng)地。可判斷出人口密度和環(huán)境都是作者提到的遷徙的原因。選項(xiàng)A和B可排除。根據(jù)文章第二段，可知第一批移民者通過一座橋連接亞洲東北角和穿過白令海峽的北美西北角的大陸橋來(lái)到美國(guó)，所以有大陸橋的存在，選項(xiàng)D可排除。饑荒在文中并未提及，選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

5.推斷題。文章主要提到了第一批移民是通過大陸橋到達(dá)美國(guó)的，說(shuō)明了大陸橋的存在，大陸橋最后延伸成為一片大陸，證明亞洲和西半球是由一片大陸連接的。根據(jù)文章最后一句，“Whereaspurposefulmencouldmaketheirwayacrossanarrowbridge,theslowdiffusionofplantandanimalswouldrequireanavenueasacontinentandavailableforagesatastretch.”，可知植物和動(dòng)物的緩慢擴(kuò)散和遷徙則需要一條作為大陸的大道，而且可以長(zhǎng)時(shí)間使用。可判斷出作者在下文可能為討論到在亞洲和北美之間大陸的存在。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

7.單選題

Hisproposalis______toallofusandyoudonotneedtotellusmoreaboutit.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.apparent

B.appearing

C.approaching

D.apart

【答案】A

【解析】【試題解析】考查詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)apparent“明白易懂的；未必真實(shí)的”；B選項(xiàng)appearing“表現(xiàn)得；似乎”；C選項(xiàng)approaching“（在距離或時(shí)間上）靠近”；D選項(xiàng)apart“（指空間或時(shí)間）相隔”。句意：他的建議我們大家都______，你不需要進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，這里指大家都明白了他的建議是怎么回事，A選項(xiàng)apparent“明白易懂的”符合題意。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

8.填空題

Aconsiderableamountofmedicalresearchisaimedatidentifyingriskfactorsfordisease.Therationalebehindthisworkisthatwherepeopleareinformedoftheirrisk,theywillhappilychangetheirbehaviortolowerthatrisk.（1）thisiscertainlyareasonableassumption,itturnsoutthatthingsarenotquitethatsimpleandstraightforward.Firstofall,healthisnotnecessarilyatoppriorityineveryone’slifeand,forthesepeople,changingbehaviorintheinterestsofhealthmayinterfere（2）other,moreimportantmatters.Second,thebenefitstobederived（3）suchchangesrarelyareimmediateorobvious.Usually,improvementsinhealthtakeplaceoverlongperiodsoftimeandarequitesubtle.（4）,weareallsobombardedwithinformationaboutthethousandsofhealthhazardstowhichweareexposed（5）mostofus“tuneout”muchofthisinformation.Thislatterissueiscompoundedbythefactthatmuchofnewinformationtowhichweareexposedthroughthemediaisexaggeratedand,asoftenasnot,iscontradictedlaterbyeven“newer”information.Fortheseandotherreasons,simplyknowingaboutariskdoesnotnecessarilyensurethatpeoplewilltakeappropriatestepsto（6）it.（7）whenpeoplewanttochangetheirbehavior,thisisnoteasytodo.Forexample,theoverwhelmingmajorityofsmokersinthiscountrywanttoquit,but（8）greateffortveryfewareabletodoso.Mostsmokersacknowledge,atsomelevel,thathealthhazardsassociatedwithsmokingandmostwishthattherewereasimpleandpainlesswaytostop.（9）thenumberofpeoplewhowanttoloseweightisverylarge,butfewofthesepeopleareabletodoitandeven（10）areabletomaintainsuchweightlosses.

【答案】1.Although

2.with

3.from

4.meanwhile

5.to

6.change

7.even

8.make

9.and

10.none

【解析】1.考查前后邏輯關(guān)系?？崭袼幍木渥雍蟀刖涓鞍刖溆修D(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，所以應(yīng)該填入轉(zhuǎn)折連詞。

2.考查固定搭配。interfere“（利害、要求等）抵觸，沖突”，常與with連用。

3.考查固定搭配。bederivedfrom是固定搭配，意思是“來(lái)自，從……而產(chǎn)生出來(lái)的”。

4.考查前后邏輯關(guān)系?？崭袼诘木渥雍颓懊娴木渥邮遣⒘嘘P(guān)系，填入的詞與后面用逗號(hào)隔開，meanwhile符合題意。

5.考查固定搭配。beexposedto是固定搭配，意思是“暴露”。

6.考查上下文語(yǔ)境?？崭窈竺娴膇t指的是“behavior”，文章第二句、第四句都提到了changebehavior，所以空格處應(yīng)該填change。

7.考查前后邏輯關(guān)系。空格所在的句子與后半句thisisnoteasytodo構(gòu)成讓步假設(shè)，所以even（即使）符合題意。

8.考查固定搭配。makeeffort“做出努力”。

9.考查前后邏輯關(guān)系?？崭袼诘木渥优e了減肥的例子佐證作者的觀點(diǎn)，與前面的句子是并列的關(guān)系。所以and符合題意。

10.考查上下文語(yǔ)義。句意：很多人想減肥，但是只有少數(shù)人能做到，甚至沒有人能夠堅(jiān)持減肥?？崭袼幍木渥有枰粋€(gè)主語(yǔ)，所以none符合題意。

9.單選題

Manythingsmakepeoplethinkartistsareweird.Buttheweirdestmaybethis:artists’onlyjobistoexploreemotions,andyettheychoosetofocusontheonesthatfeelbad.

Thiswasn’talwaysso.Theearliestformsofart,likepaintingandmusic,arethosebestsuitedforexpressingjoy.Butsomewherefromthe19thcenturyonward:moreartistsbeganseeinghappinessasmeaningless,phonyor,worstofall,boring,aswe-wentfromWordsworth’sDaffodilstoBaudelaire’sFlowersofEvil.

Youcouldarguethatartbecamemoreskepticalofhappinessbecausemoderntimeshaveseensomuchmisery.Butit’snotasifearliertimesdidn’tknowperpetualwar,disasterandthemassacreofinnocents.Thereason,infact,maybejusttheopposite:thereistoomuchdamnhappinessintheworldtoday.

Afterall,whatistheonemodernformofexpressionalmostcompletelydedicatedtodepictinghappiness?Advertising,theriseofanti-happyartalmostexactlytrackstheemergenceofmassmedia,andwithit,acommercialcultureinwhichhappinessisnotjustanidealbutanideology.

Peopleinearliererasweresurroundedbyremindersofmisery:Theyworkeduntilexhausted,livedwithfewprotectionsanddiedyoung.IntheWest,beforemasscommunicationandliteracy,themostpowerfulmassmediumwasthechurch,whichremindedworshipersthattheirsoulswereindangerandthattheywouldsomedaybemeatforworms.Givenallthis,theydidnotexactlyneedtheirarttobeabummertoo.

TodaythemessagestheaverageWesternerissurroundedwitharenotreligiousbutcommercial,andforeverhappy.Fast-foodeaters,newsanchors,textmessengers,allsmiling,smiling,smiling.Ourmagazinesfeaturebeamingcelebritiesandhappyfamiliesinperfecthomes.Andsincethesemessageshaveanagenda—tolureustoopenourwallets—theymaketheveryideaofhappinessseemunreliable,“Celebrate!”commandedtheadsforthearthritisdrugCelebrex,beforewefoundoutitcouldincreasetheriskofheartattacks.

Butwhatweforget—whatoureconomydependsonusforgetting—isthathappinessismorethanpleasurewithoutpain.Thethingsthatbringthegreatestjoycarrythegreatestpotentialforlossanddisappointment.Today,surroundedbypromisesofeasyhappiness,weneedarttotellus,asreligiononcedid,Mementomori:rememberthatyouwilldie,thateverythingends;andthathappinesscomesnotindenyingthisbutinlivingwithit.It’samessageevenmorebitterthanaclovecigarette,yet,somehow,abreathoffreshair.

51.BycitingtheexamplesofpoetsWordsworthandBaudelaire,theauthorintendstoshowthat______.

52.Theword“bummer”(Line5,paragraph5)mostprobablymeanssomething______.

53.Intheauthor’sopinion,advertising______.

54.Wecanlearnfromthelastparagraphthattheauthorbelieves______.

55.Whichofthefollowingistrueofthetext?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.poetrynotasexpressiveofjoyaspaintingormusic

B.artgrowsoutofbothpositiveandnegativefeelings

C.poetstodayarelessskepticalofhappiness

D.artistshavechangedtheirfocusofinterest

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.religious

B.unpleasant

C.entertaining

D.commercial

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.emergesinthewakeoftheanti-happyart

B.isacauseofdisappointmentforthegeneralpublic

C.replacesthechurchasamajorsourceofinformation

D.createsanillusionofhappinessratherthanhappinessitself

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.happinessmoreoftenthannotendsinsadness

B.theanti-happyartisdistastefulbutrefreshing

C.miseryshouldbeenjoyedratherthandenied

D.theanti-happyartflourisheswheneconomybooms

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Religiononcefunctionedasareminderofmisery.

B.Artprovidesabalancebetweenexpectationandreality.

C.Peoplefeeldisappointedattherealitiesofmodernsociety.

D.Massmediaareinclinedtocoverdisastersanddeaths.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:A

【解析】51.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】推理判斷題。題干的意思是“通過引用詩(shī)人華茲華斯和波德萊爾的例子，作者想表明……”。根據(jù)第一段andyettheychoosetofocusontheonesthatfeelbad（但他們卻選擇關(guān)注那些感覺糟糕的情感）和第二段Theearliestformsofart,likepaintingandmusic,arethosebestsuitedforexpressingjoy.Butsomewherefromthe19thcenturyonward:moreartistsbeganseeinghappinessasmeaningless,phonyor,worstofall,boring,aswe-wentfromWordsworth’sDaffodilstoBaudelaire’sFlowersofEvil.（最早的藝術(shù)形式，如繪畫和音樂，是最適合表達(dá)快樂的。但從19世紀(jì)開始，越來(lái)越多的藝術(shù)家開始認(rèn)為快樂是無(wú)意義的、虛假的，或者是最糟糕的，無(wú)聊的，就像我們從華茲華斯的水仙花到波德萊爾的惡之花。）可知，藝術(shù)家開始關(guān)注那些令人不快的情感，但最早的藝術(shù)形式都適合表達(dá)快樂，只是19世紀(jì)的某個(gè)時(shí)候，當(dāng)我們從華茲華斯的水仙花轉(zhuǎn)向波德萊爾的惡之花時(shí)，越來(lái)越多的藝術(shù)家開始把快樂看成是乏味的，虛假的，甚至是令人厭倦的；因此，可推斷出“藝術(shù)家已經(jīng)改變了興趣的焦點(diǎn)”。故D項(xiàng)“藝術(shù)家們已經(jīng)改變了他們的興趣焦點(diǎn)”符合題意。A項(xiàng)“詩(shī)歌不像繪畫或音樂那樣能表達(dá)快樂”，文中沒有將詩(shī)歌、繪畫和音樂對(duì)于快樂的表現(xiàn)力進(jìn)行比較，因此不選；B項(xiàng)“藝術(shù)產(chǎn)生于積極和消極的情感”，這個(gè)選項(xiàng)沒有錯(cuò)誤，但不是文章引用詩(shī)人Wordsworth和Baudelaire的例子所要表達(dá)的內(nèi)容，所以不選；C項(xiàng)“今天的詩(shī)人較少懷疑幸?！?，文中沒有提到詩(shī)人，該項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤；故該題選D。

52.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】語(yǔ)義猜測(cè)題。題干的意思是“第五段第五行的‘bummer’是指某件事情……”。根據(jù)題干定位到第五段Peopleinearliererasweresurroundedbyremindersofmisery:Theyworkeduntilexhausted,livedwithfewprotectionsanddiedyoung.IntheWest,beforemasscommunicationandliteracy,themostpowerfulmassmediumwasthechurch,whichremindedworshipersthattheirsoulswereindangerandthattheywouldsomedaybemeatforworms.Givenallthis,theydidnotexactlyneedtheirarttobeabummertoo.（早期時(shí)候的人，生活被苦難包圍著。他們工作到筋疲力盡，生活幾乎沒有保障，壽命很短。在西方，在大眾傳媒和識(shí)字之前，最強(qiáng)大的大眾媒體是教堂時(shí)刻提醒信徒，他們的靈魂處于危險(xiǎn)之中，他們總有一天會(huì)成為蟲子的食物?？紤]到這一切，他們并不需要他們那些藝術(shù)也能令人掃興。），前面提到了早期人們生活的苦難，從最后too這個(gè)詞語(yǔ)可知他們不再需要增加一個(gè)令他們不快樂的事物；因此這里的“bummer”是表示不快樂的事情，即somethingunpleasant。A項(xiàng)“宗教的”，文章提到教堂只是舉例說(shuō)明早期人們生活的苦難；C項(xiàng)“令人愉快的”與文章不符；D項(xiàng)“商業(yè)的”這一段沒有提到；故該題選B項(xiàng)“不愉快的”正確。

53.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】推理判斷題。題干的意思是“在作者的觀點(diǎn)中，廣告……”。第四段第二句提到Advertising,theriseofanti-happyartalmostexactlytrackstheemergenceofmassmedia,andwithit,acommercialcultureinwhichhappinessisnotjustanidealbutanideology.（廣告和反快樂藝術(shù)的興起幾乎完全跟隨著大眾媒體的出現(xiàn)，并伴隨著它的出現(xiàn)，在這種商業(yè)文化中，幸福不僅僅是一種理想，而是一種意識(shí)形態(tài)），由此可知，作者認(rèn)為廣告并沒有創(chuàng)造幸福，而是創(chuàng)造了幸福的意識(shí)形態(tài)；因此D項(xiàng)“創(chuàng)造幸福的幻覺，而不是幸福本身”符合題意；A項(xiàng)“是在反快樂藝術(shù)之后出現(xiàn)的”，文章說(shuō)到了Advertising,theriseofanti-happyartalmostexactlytrackstheemergenceofmassmedia（廣告和反快樂藝術(shù)的興起幾乎完全跟隨著大眾媒體的出現(xiàn)），所以它們是同時(shí)出現(xiàn)的，因此該項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤；B項(xiàng)“是導(dǎo)致公眾失望的原因”和C項(xiàng)“取代教會(huì)作為主要的信息來(lái)源”文中沒有提到；故該題選D。

54.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】推理判斷題。題干的意思是“從文章最后一段我們可以知道作者相信……”。最后一段作者講述的是在今天這樣一個(gè)快樂唾手可得的年代，我們必須記住一點(diǎn)，那就是，只有在面臨巨大的失敗和失望的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)后取得的才是真正的快樂；而今天我們需要藝術(shù)告訴我們死亡的象征，就像宗教曾經(jīng)告訴我們的那樣，那就是反快樂文化。作者在最后提到It’samessageevenmorebitterthanaclovecigarette,yet,somehow,abreathoffreshair.（這是一個(gè)比丁香香煙更苦澀的信息，但不知怎的，卻是一股新鮮空氣），由此可以推斷作者是想表達(dá)反快樂的藝術(shù)是令人不悅但卻令人耳目一新；故B項(xiàng)“反快樂的藝術(shù)是令人不快的，但令人耳目一新”為正確選項(xiàng)。A項(xiàng)“幸福往往以悲傷告終”故意混淆了作者引用宗教的意圖，作者只是說(shuō)宗教提醒人們各種痛苦的存在，而不是說(shuō)幸福都會(huì)以悲傷告終；C項(xiàng)“痛苦應(yīng)該被享受，而不是被拒絕”，文章中作者只是說(shuō)人們需要接受痛苦，而不是說(shuō)享受痛苦；D項(xiàng)“當(dāng)經(jīng)濟(jì)繁榮時(shí)，反快樂的藝術(shù)繁榮起來(lái)”過度解讀，故該題選B。

55.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。題干的意思是“下列哪一項(xiàng)是正確的？”。根據(jù)文章第五段第二句IntheWest,beforemasscommunicationandliteracy,themostpowerfulmassmediumwasthechurch,whichremindedworshipersthattheirsoulswereindangerandthattheywouldsomedaybemeatforworms.（在西方，在大眾傳媒和識(shí)字之前，最強(qiáng)大的大眾媒體是教堂時(shí)刻提醒信徒，他們的靈魂處于危險(xiǎn)之中，他們總有一天會(huì)成為蟲子的食物）可知A項(xiàng)“宗教曾經(jīng)起到提醒痛苦的作用”正確；B項(xiàng)“藝術(shù)提供了期望和現(xiàn)實(shí)之間的平衡”，文章提到藝術(shù)表達(dá)的往往是糟糕的情感或者反快樂，作者表達(dá)人們正是需要這種反快樂去時(shí)刻提醒自己真正的快樂是什么，并沒有提到藝術(shù)能夠提供現(xiàn)實(shí)和期望的平衡，有點(diǎn)過度曲解；C項(xiàng)“人們對(duì)現(xiàn)代社會(huì)的現(xiàn)實(shí)感到失望”沒有提到，所以不選；D項(xiàng)“大眾媒體傾向于報(bào)道災(zāi)難和死亡”，文章倒數(shù)第二段第一句提到TodaythemessagestheaverageWesternerissurroundedwitharenotreligiousbutcommercial,andforeverhappy.（今天，普通西方人周圍的信息不是宗教的，而是商業(yè)的，永遠(yuǎn)快樂），所以大眾媒體傳達(dá)的是一種幸福的思想，因此該項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。故該題選A。

10.填空題

Yesterdayafternoon,whileJohnandLindawerebothatwork,thieves（1）intotheirflatand（2）money,jewelryandanexpensivenewcomputer.

【答案】1.broke;

2.took

【解析】1.固定搭配。breakinto闖入。因此此處填break的過去式broke。

2.語(yǔ)義題。第二空也填動(dòng)詞的過去式,由其賓語(yǔ)money可知填took(帶走了)。

11.單選題

Withoutfacts,wecannotformaworthwhileopinionforweneedtohavefactualknowledge（

）ourthinking.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.whichtobebasedon

B.uponwhichtobase

C.towhichtobebasedon

D.whichtobaseupon

【答案】B

【解析】考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：沒有事實(shí)，我們就不能形成有價(jià)值的觀點(diǎn)，因?yàn)槲覀兊乃伎际墙⒃谑聦?shí)知識(shí)之上。ourthinking與factualknowledge之間是主動(dòng)的關(guān)系，所以排除A、C兩項(xiàng)。再由句意：“思考是建立在事實(shí)知識(shí)之上”，可知B項(xiàng)為試題答案。

12.單選題

Oftensuchargumentshavetheeffectof（

）ratherthanclarifyingtheissuesinvolved.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.obscuring

B.prejudicing

C.tackling

D.blocking

【答案】A

【解析】考查近義詞解析。obscure“使……模糊不清；”prejudice“使有偏見”；tackle“阻礙”；block“阻塞”，句意：這樣的爭(zhēng)論經(jīng)常會(huì)使問題變得含糊不清，而不能使問題更明確。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

13.單選題

The（）fromtheairportwasreallytiringbecauseitwassituatedfarfromthecity.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.flight

B.travel

C.crossing

D.journey

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。選項(xiàng)A：flight意為“飛行，航班”；選項(xiàng)B：travel“旅行，旅游”（泛指）；選項(xiàng)C：crossing意為“橫越，橫渡”；選項(xiàng)D：journey“（側(cè)重指時(shí)間較長(zhǎng)、距離較遠(yuǎn)的單程旅行）行程，路程”。由題意可知，本題的正確選項(xiàng)為D選項(xiàng)。句意：從機(jī)場(chǎng)回來(lái)的路真的很累人，因?yàn)樗x城市很遠(yuǎn)。

14.單選題

Therearevariouswaysinwhichindividualeconomicunitsinteractwithoneanother.Threebasicwaysmaybedescribedasthemarketsystem,theadministeredsystem,andthetraditionalsystem.

Inamarketsystemindividualeconomicunitsarefreetointeractamongeachotherinthemarketplace.Itispossibletobuycommoditiesfromothereconomicunitsorsellcommoditiestothem.Inamarket,transactionsmaytakeplaceviabarterormoneyexchange.Inabartereconomy,reallygoodssuchasautomobiles,shoes,andpizzasaretradedagainsteachotherobviously,findingsomebodywhowantstotradeanoldcarinexchangeforasailboatmaynot