考研考博-英語-新疆石河子職業(yè)技術學院押題密卷附帶答案詳解篇

書山有路勤為徑，學海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-新疆石河子職業(yè)技術學院押題密卷附帶答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第壹套一.全考點押題密卷-綜合訓練(共50題)1.單選題

InAmericanuniversities,classesareoftenarrangedinmoreflexible（

）andmanyjobsoncampusarereservedforstudents.

問題1選項

A.scales

B.ranks

C.grades

D.patterns

【答案】D

【解析】名詞辨析題。scale規(guī)模，比例；rank等級；grade級別，階段；pattern模式。句意：在美國大學，班級安排通常是靈活的模式，并且校園里有很多工作都是為學生準備的。選項D符合句意。

2.單選題

Wemovedtothenewhouseinthesuburbssothatthekidswouldhaveagarden______.

問題1選項

A.inwhichtoplay

B.toplaywith

C.toplay

D.wheretoplay

【答案】A

【解析】考查定語從句。句意：我們搬到了郊區(qū)的新房子，這樣孩子們就有一個可以玩耍的花園。橫線部分是修飾garden的定語從句，根據(jù)詞組playinagarden確定有介詞in，根據(jù)花園用來玩的目的確定有to，A選項inwhichtoplay符合題意。D選項wheretoplay引導地點狀語從句，garden本身表示地點，故錯誤。因此A選項正確。

3.單選題

Asenseofsmellissomethingwearebornwith.Orisit?

Untilrecentlyscientistsbelievedthatthecommonsenseviewwaswrong:researchhadsuggestedthatwelearntodistinguishbetweenpleasantandunpleasantsmellsbyexperience.Fromearlyexperimentsthatinvolvedaskingchildrenbetweenthreeandfiveyearsoldwhattheythoughtofcertainsmells,researchersconcludedthatchildrenmustlearntheirappreciationofpleasantandunpleasantsmellsastheygetolder,ratherthanbeingbornwithit.Oneofthemostsurprisingresultsofthesetestswasthatthechildrensaidtheylikedthesmelloffaecesnearlyasoftenastheysaidtheylikedbanana.

PsychologistHilarySchmidtunderstandablyfoundthisresearchhardtoaccept.Shelookedatthewaythetestswereconducted,andappliedlessonsfromotherworkonchildpsychologytodesignherownexperiments.Shenotedthatchildrenyoungerthanfivewilloftenanswer‘Yes’toleadingquestionseveniftheanswersarecontradictory.Shethereforedecidedtosetherexperimentupasagame.SheaskedthechildreniftheywouldgiveaparticularsmellythingtoOscartheGrouch,apopulartelevisioncharacterwholivesinadustbinandlikes‘smelly’things,ortoBigBird,anothertelevisioncharacterwholikes‘nice’things.Shefoundthatthechildrendistinguishedbetweenpleasantandunpleasantsmellsinmuchthesamewayasanadult.Withthehelpofyoungerandyoungersubjects,shehopestoshedlightontheimportanceoftheinheritedcomponentofthesense.

Childrenyoungerthansevenoreightarenotoriouslybadatrecognizingwhatanobjectisfromitsshapealone.Schmidtpointstoanexperimentshehascarriedoutwithchildrenunderfivewhoweregivenalargestyrofoamballandasmall,butheavy,leadballtocompare.Aftertheyhadachancetofeelthetwo,shetooktheballsaway,andshowedthemanotherpairofStyrofoamandleadball.Whensheaskedthemwhichofthetwowouldbetheheavier,theyinvariablypointedtotheStyrofoamballjustbecauseitwasbigger.Despitetheirearlierexperience,theyhadnotgraspedtheideaofwhatanobjectismadeof—itssubstance—aswellassizeandshape.Butinotherexperimentswhensheintroducedodors,shefoundthatchildrenunderfiveunderstoodthatsmellwasanimportantcharacteristicofsubstance,andchildrencoulduseascenttorecognizesubstanceirrespectiveoftheshapeorsizeinwhichitwaspresentedtothem.

Schmidthasalsofoundthatgirlsaremoresensitivetosmellthanboys.Thesexdifferenceiswellknowninadults,butnotinchildren.Explainingthedifferenceinadultshascenteredonthesuggestionthatasgirlsgetolder,theytendtotakepartinactivitiessuchascooking,whichtrainthemtodistinguishbetweensmells.Anothersuggestionwasthatafterpuberty,femalehormonesbringaboutsomechangeintheolfactoryequipment.ButSchmidt’sobservationsthatthesexdifferenceexistsinchildrendoesnotfitinwitheitherexplanation.

31.Accordingtothetext,itiswell-knownthatoursenseofsmellis______.

32.WhichwouldHilarySchmidtmostprobablyagreeto?

33.Schmidt’sstyrofoamandleadballexperimentshowsthatyoungerchildren______.

34.Theword“subjects”(Para.3)mostprobablymeans______.

35.Fromthelastsentenceofthetext,wecaninferthatSchmidtmay______.

問題1選項

A.acquired

B.trained

C.inherent

D.tested

問題2選項

A.Thecontradictoryanswersofchildrenarehardtounderstand.

B.Childreninagamehaveaquickerresponsetopromptingquestions.

C.Youngerchildrenhaveastrongersenseofsmellthanolderones.

D.Inexperimentschildren’sanswersmaysometimesbeunreliable.

問題3選項

A.relyonearlierexperiencesinjudginganobject

B.areinsensitivetosize,weightandshape

C.cannotrecognizethesizeofstyrofoamballs

D.canunderstandwhattheballismadeof

問題4選項

A.pupils

B.adults

C.children

D.researchers

問題5選項

A.overthrowtheexistingtheoriesconcerningthesexdifferenceinsmelling

B.supportthesecondexplanationthathormonesplayarole

C.thinkthatmaturegirlsarelesssensitivetosmellsthanchildren

D.agreethatchildren’ssensitivitytosmellisnurtured

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】31.【選項釋義】

31.Accordingtothetext,itiswell-knownthatoursenseofsmellis______.31.根據(jù)文章，眾所周知，我們的嗅覺是______。

A.acquiredA.后天習得的

B.trainedB.訓練出來的

C.inherentC.與生俱來的

D.testedD.被測試的

【考查點】事實細節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)第二段第一句“研究表明，我們通過經驗（byexperience）學會區(qū)分令人愉悅的和令人不快的氣味”，從中我們可知，嗅覺是后天通過經驗獲得的。所以，A項正確。

【干擾項排除】

B選項沒有提到，屬于無中生有；

C選項與文章相反，屬于反向干擾；

D選項只是實驗內容，屬于出處錯位。

32.【選項釋義】

32.WhichwouldHilarySchmidtmostprobablyagreeto?32.希拉里?施密特最有可能同意哪一個？

A.Thecontradictoryanswersofchildrenarehardtounderstand.A.孩子們相互矛盾的回答讓人難以理解。

B.Childreninagamehaveaquickerresponsetopromptingquestions.B.游戲中的孩子對提示性問題的反應更快。

C.Youngerchildrenhaveastrongersenseofsmellthanolderones.C.小一點的孩子的嗅覺比大一點的孩子強。

D.Inexperimentschildren’sanswersmaysometimesbeunreliable.D.在實驗中，孩子們的答案有時是不可靠的。

【考查點】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)第三段第三句“她指出，五歲以下的孩子通常會回答‘是’，即使答案是矛盾的”，從中可知，即便答案可能是矛盾的，孩子們在回答時通常都會回答“是”，從而推斷，孩子們的答案并不是可靠的。因此，該題選擇D項正確。

【干擾項排除】

A選項定位第三段第一句“心理學家希拉里?施密特認為這項研究難以接受是可以理解的（understandably）”可知，該項與原文相反，屬于反向干擾；

B選項沒有提到，屬于無中生有；

C選項在文中并沒有進行比較，屬于無中生有。

33.【選項釋義】

33.Schmidt’sstyrofoamandleadballexperimentshowsthatyoungerchildren______.33.施密特的泡沫塑料和鉛球實驗表明，更小的孩子______。

A.relyonearlierexperiencesinjudginganobjectA.在判斷物體時依賴于早期的經驗

B.areinsensitivetosize,weightandshapeB.對大小、重量和形狀不敏感

C.cannotrecognizethesizeofstyrofoamballsC.無法識別聚苯乙烯泡沫塑料球的大小

D.canunderstandwhattheballismadeofD.能夠理解球是由什么制成的

【考查點】事實細節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)第四段倒數(shù)第二句“盡管他們有過早期的經驗，但他們并不了解物體是由什么物質構成的，也不了解物體的大小和形狀”，從中我們可知，施密特的泡沫塑料和鉛球實驗表明，更小的孩子在判斷物體時對物體的大小、重量和形狀都不了解。因此，B項最符合題意。

【干擾項排除】

A選項中的早期經驗并不是孩子們判斷物體的依據(jù)，屬于曲解原文；

C選項不全面，屬于以偏概全；

D選項不符合原文，屬于反向干擾。

34.【選項釋義】

34.Theword“subjects”(Para.3)mostprobablymeans______.34.第三段的subjects一詞最有可能的意思是______。

A.pupilsA.小學生

B.adultsB.成年人

C.childrenC.孩子

D.researchersD.研究員

【考查點】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】首先，根據(jù)題干定位到第三段最后一句“在越來越年輕的研究對象的幫助下，她希望闡明嗅覺的遺傳成分的重要性”，結合上一句“她發(fā)現(xiàn)，孩子們能像成年人一樣區(qū)分好聞和壞聞”，從中我們可知，這項研究的對象是children；綜合理解，第三段的subjects指的就是孩子。因此，該題選擇C項正確。

【干擾項排除】

A選項文中沒提到，屬于無中生有；

B、D選項并不符合原文，屬于曲解原文。

35.【選項釋義】

35.Fromthelastsentenceofthetext,wecaninferthatSchmidtmay______.35.從文章的最后一句話，我們可以推斷施密特可能______。

A.overthrowtheexistingtheoriesconcerningthesexdifferenceinsmellingA.推翻了現(xiàn)有的關于性別差異的嗅覺理論

B.supportthesecondexplanationthathormonesplayaroleB.支持荷爾蒙起作用的第二種解釋

C.thinkthatmaturegirlsarelesssensitivetosmellsthanchildrenC.認為成熟的女孩對氣味的敏感性不如兒童

D.agreethatchildren’ssensitivitytosmellisnurturedD.同意兒童嗅覺的敏感度是后天培養(yǎng)的

【考查點】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】首先，定位至文章最后一句“但施密特關于兒童存在性別差異的觀察并不符合這兩種解釋”，其中的兩種解釋是指上文提到的關于性別差異對于嗅覺敏感度的影響在兒童中并不明顯的原因：一種認為女孩參加諸如烹飪之類的活動可以訓練她們分辨氣味；另一種認為女性荷爾蒙會使嗅覺器官發(fā)生一些變化。綜合理解可知，施密特對于兒童性別差異的觀察研究推翻了女孩比男孩對氣味更敏感這兩種解釋，A選項意思與之相近。因此，該題選擇A項正確。

【干擾項排除】

B、C選項與原文不符，屬于反向干擾；

D選項與該段沒有聯(lián)系，屬于出處錯位。

4.單選題

Eachadvanceinmicroscopictechniquehasprovidedscientistswithnewperspectiveonthefunctionoflivingorganismsandthenatureofmatteritself.Theinventionofthevisible-lightmicroscopelateinthesixteenthcenturyintroducedapreviouslyunknownrealmofsingle-celledplantsandanimals.Inthetwentiethcentury,electronmicroscopeshaveprovideddirectviewsofvirusesandminusculesurfacestructures.Nowanothertypeofmicroscope,onethatutilizesX-raysratherthanlightorelectrons,offersadifferentwayofexaminingtinydetails;itshouldextendhumanperceptionstillfartherintothenaturalworld.

ThedreamofbuildinganX-raymicroscopedatesto1895;itsdevelopment,however,wasvirtuallyhaltedinthe1940’sbecausethedevelopmentoftheelectronmicroscopewasprogressingrapidly.Duringthe1940’s,electronmicroscopesroutinelyachievedresolutionbetterthanthatpossiblewithavisible-lightmicroscope,whiletheperformanceofX-raymicroscopesresistedimprovement.Inrecentyears,however,interestinX-raymicroscopeshasrevived,largelybecauseofadvancessuchasthedevelopmentofnewsourcesofX-rayillumination.Asaresult,thebrightnessavailabletodayismillionsoftimesthatofX-raytubes,which,formostofthecentury,weretheonlyavailablesourcesofsoftX-rays.

ThenewX-raymicroscopesconsiderablyimproveontheresolutionprovidedbyopticalmicroscopes.Theycanalsobeusedtomapthedistributionofcertainchemicalelements.Somecanformpicturesinextremelyshorttimes;othersholdthepromiseofspecialcapabilitiessuchasthree-dimensionalimaging.Unlikeconventionalelectronmicroscopy,X-raymicroscopyenablesspecimenstobekeptinairandinwater,whichmeansthatbiologicalsamplescanbestudiedunderconditionssimilartotheirnaturalstate.Theilluminationused,so-calledsoftXraysinthewavelengthrangeoftwentytofortyangstroms(anangstromisoneten-billionthofameter),isalsosufficientlypenetratingtoimageintactbiologicalcellsinmanycases.BecauseofthewavelengthoftheXraysused,softX-raymicroscopeswillnevermatchthehighestresolutionpossiblewithelectronmicroscopes.Rather,theirspecialpropertieswillmakepossibleinvestigationsthatwillcomplementthoseperformedwithlight-andelectron-basedinstruments.

1.Whatisthethemedoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?

2.Whydoestheauthormentionthevisible-lightmicroscopeinthefirstparagraph?

3.WhydidittakesolongtodeveloptheX-raymicroscope?

4.Basedontheinformationinthepassage,whatcanbeinferredaboutX-raymicroscopesinthefuture?

問題1選項

A.Thedetailseenthroughamicroscope.

B.Outdatedmicroscopictechniques.

C.Sourcesofilluminationformicroscopes.

D.Anewkindofmicroscope

問題2選項

A.ToputtheX-raymicroscopeinahistoricalperspective.

B.Tobeginadiscussionofsixteenth-centurydiscoveries.

C.Toshowhowlimiteditsusesare.

D.Toexplainhowitfunctioned.

問題3選項

A.Fundsforresearchwereinsufficient.

B.Thesourceofilluminationwasnotbrightenoughuntilrecently.

C.MaterialsusedtomanufactureX-raytubesweredifficulttoobtain.

D.X-raymicroscopesweretoocomplicatedtooperate.

問題4選項

A.Theywillprobablyreplaceelectronmicroscopealtogether.

B.Theywilleventuallybemuchcheapertoproducethantheyarenow.

C.Theywillprovideinformationnotavailablefromotherkindsofmicroscopes.

D.Theywilleventuallychangetheilluminationrangethattheynowuse.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:C

【解析】1.主旨大意題。由第一段“Nowanothertypeofmicroscope,onethatutilizesX-raysratherthanlightorelectrons,offersadifferentwayofexaminingtinydetails;itshouldextendhumanperceptionstillfartherintothenaturalworld.現(xiàn)在，另一種顯微鏡，利用x射線而不是光或電子，提供了一種觀察微小細節(jié)的不同方法;它應該把人類的感知能力進一步擴展到自然界?！奔暗诙巍癟hedreamofbuildinganX-raymicroscopedatesto1895;制造x射線顯微鏡的夢想可以追溯到1895年”可知本文講的是一種新的顯微鏡，故D項正確。

2.判斷推理題。定位第一段中“Eachadvanceinmicroscopictechniquehasprovidedscientistswithnewperspectiveonthefunctionoflivingorganismsandthenatureofmatteritself.顯微技術的每一個進步都給科學家提供了新視角對生物體的功能和物質本身的性質。”及“Theinventionofthevisible-lightmicroscopelateinthesixteenthcenturyintroducedapreviouslyunknownrealmofsingle-celledplantsandanimals.Inthetwentiethcentury,electronmicroscopeshaveprovideddirectviewsofvirusesandminusculesurfacestructures.16世紀晚期可視光學顯微鏡的發(fā)明引入了單細胞植物和動物的未知領域。在二十世紀，電子顯微鏡提供了對病毒和微小表面結構的直接觀察?！笨芍峒翱梢姽怙@微鏡的目的是“從歷史的角度來看待x射線顯微鏡”故A項正確。

3.細節(jié)事實題。定位第二段中“Inrecentyears,however,interestinX-raymicroscopeshasrevived,largelybecauseofadvancessuchasthedevelopmentofnewsourcesofX-rayillumination.Asaresult,thebrightnessavailabletodayismillionsoftimesthatofX-raytubes,which,formostofthecentury,weretheonlyavailablesourcesofsoftX-rays.然而，近年來，人們對x射線顯微鏡的興趣又復活了，這在很大程度上是由于x射線照明新光源等技術的發(fā)展。結果，今天可用的亮度是x射線管的數(shù)百萬倍，在本世紀的大部分時間里，x射線管是唯一可用的軟x射線源。可知B項“直到最近，光源才足夠明亮?！闭_，ACD三項都沒有提及。答案B。

4.判斷推理題。定位最后一段中“Rather,theirspecialpropertieswillmakepossibleinvestigationsthatwillcomplementthoseperformedwithlight-andelectron-basedinstruments.相反，它們的特殊性質將使研究成為可能，這將補充那些用光和電子儀器進行的研究?？芍狢項“X射線將提供其他種類的顯微鏡無法提供的信息?！闭_。

5.單選題

It’snogood（

）remembergrammaticalrules.Youneedtopracticewhatyouhavelearned.

問題1選項

A.tryingto

B.tryto

C.totryto

D.triedto

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定用法。It’snogooddoingsth.做...是沒用的。所以選項A正確。

6.單選題

Thegovernessagreedtoteachthetemperamentalchild______shewasgivencompleteauthority.

問題1選項

A.that

B.provided

C.whether

D.for

【答案】B

【解析】【試題解析】考查從句。句意：______賦予那位女家教老師完全的支配權，她答應去教那個脾氣暴躁的孩子。橫線面前部分是主句，橫線后面部分是從句，根據(jù)語境，這里是一個條件狀語從句，A選項that可引導賓語從句、定語從句、同位語從句等；B選項provided“假如，在……條件下，前提是”引導條件狀語從句；C選項whether意思為“是否”時引導主語從句、賓語從句等，意思為“不論”時引導讓步狀語從句；D選項for“因為”引導原因狀語從句。根據(jù)語境，教這個脾氣暴躁的孩子是有挑戰(zhàn)的事情，那位教師只有擁有完全的掌控權，她才肯做這件事，B選項provided“假如，在……條件下，前提是”符合題意。D選項for“因為”在這里不如B選項provided符合語境。因此B選項正確。

7.單選題

Afewcommonmisconceptions:Beautyisonlyskin-deep.One’sphysicalassetsandliabilitiesdon’tcountallthatmuchinamanagerialcareer.Awomanshouldalwaystrytolookherbest.

Overthelast30years,socialscientistshaveconductedmorethan1,000studiesofhowwereacttobeautifulandnot-so-beautifulpeople.Thevirtuallyunanimousconclusion:Looksdomatter,morethanmostofusrealize.Thedatasuggest,forexample,thatphysicallyattractiveindividualsaremorelikelytobetreatedwellbytheirparents,soughtoutasfriends,andpursuedromantically.Withthepossibleexceptionofwomenseekingmanagerialjobs,theyarealsomorelikelytobehired,paidwell,andpromoted.

Onceagain,thescientistshavecaughtusmouthingpieties（虔誠）whileactingjustthecontrary.Theirtypicalexperimentworkssomethinglikethis.Theygiveeachmemberofagroup-collegestudents,orteachersorcorporatepersonnelmangers—apieceofpaperrelatinganindividual’saccomplishments.Attachedtothepaperisaphotograph.Whilethepapersallsayexactlythesamethingthepicturesaredifferent.Someshowastrikinglyattractiveperson,someanaverage-lookingcharacter,andsomeanunusuallyunattractivehumanbeing.Groupmembersareaskedtoratetheindividualoncertainattributes,anythingfrompersonalwarmthtothelikelihoodthatheorshewillbepromoted.

Almostinvariably,thebetterlookingthepersoninthepicture,thehigherthepersonisrated.Inthephrase,borrowedfromSappho,thatthesocialscientistsusetosumupthecommonperception,whatisbeautifulisgood.

Inbusiness,however,goodlookscutbothwaysforwomen,anddeeperthanformen.AUtahStateUniversityprofessor,whoisanauthorityonthesubject,explains:Intermsoftheircareers,theimpactofphysicalattractivenessonmalesisonlymodest.Butitspotentialimpactonfemalescanbetremendous,makingiteasier,forexample,forthemoreattractivetogetjobswheretheyareinthepubliceye.Onanothernote,though,thereisenoughliteraturenowforustoconcludethatattractivewomenwhoaspire（追求）tomanagerialpositionsdonotgetonaswellaswomenwhomaybelessattractive.

1.Accordingtothepassage,peopleoftenwronglybelievethatinpursuingacareerasamanager_______.

2.Theresultofresearchcarriedoutbysocialscientistsshowthat______.

3.Experimentsbyscientistshaveshownthatwhenpeopleevaluateindividualsoncertainattributes________.

4.“Goodlookscutbothwaysforwomen”（Line1，Para.5）meansthat______.

5.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatinthebusinessworld______.

問題1選項

A.aperson’spropertyordebtsdonotmattermuch

B.aperson’soutwardappearanceisnotacriticalqualification

C.womenshouldalwaysdressfashionably

D.womenshouldnotonlybeattractivebutalsohigh-minded

問題2選項

A.peopledonotrealizetheimportanceoflookingone’sbest

B.womeninpursuitofmanagerialjobsarenotlikelytobepaidwell

C.good-lookingwomenaspiretomanagerialpositions

D.attractivepeoplegenerallyhaveanadvantageoverthosewhoarenot

問題3選項

A.theyobservetheprinciplethatbeautyisonlyskin-deep

B.theydonotusuallyactaccordingtotheviewstheysupport

C.theygiveordinary-lookingpersonsthelowestratings

D.theytendtobasetheirjudgmentontheindividual’saccomplishments

問題4選項

A.attractivewomenhavetremendouspotentialimpactonpublicjobs

B.good-lookingwomenalwaysgetthebestofeverything

C.beingattractiveisnotalwaysanadvantageforwomen

D.attractivewomendonotdoaswellasunattractivewomeninmanagerialpositions

問題5選項

A.handsomemenarenotaffectedasmuchbytheirlooksasattractivewomenare

B.physicallyattractivewomenwhoareinthepubliceyeusuallydoquitewell

C.physicallyattractivemenandwomenwhoareinthepubliceyeusuallygetalongquitewell

D.goodlooksareimportantforwomenastheyareformen

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】1.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段，“Afewcommonmisconceptions:Beautyisonlyskin-deep.”，可知很多人誤解地認為美是膚淺的。后一句“Awomanshouldalwaystrytolookherbest.”，說明女性應該讓自己看起來最好才是作者想要表達的正確觀點。選項B符合題意。

2.推斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段，“…thebetterlookingthepersoninthepicture,thehigherthepersonisrated.”，照片上的人越漂亮，評價就越高，說明外貌是一個優(yōu)勢。選項D符合題意。

3.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段，“thescientistshavecaughtusmouthingpietieswhileactingjustthecontrary.”，說明我們嘴上說著虔誠的話，但是實際行動卻是相反的，也就是不會根據(jù)自己支持的觀點行事。選項B符合題意。

4.語義題。根據(jù)文章第五段，“…womenwhoaspiretomanagerialpositionsdonotgetonaswellaswomenwhomaybelessattractive.”說明有足夠的研究表明外表有吸引力的女性不如外表沒有吸引力的女性工作那么出色。所以外表并不總是能帶來優(yōu)勢。選項C符合題意。

5.推斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段，“Inbusiness,however,goodlookscutbothwaysforwomen,anddeeperthanformen.”，說明在事業(yè)中，外貌的吸引力對女性的影響大于男性。選項A符合題意。

8.單選題

ManyliterarydetectiveshaveporedoveragreatpuzzleconcerningthewriterMarcelProust:whathappenedin1909?HowdidContreSaint-Beuve,anessayattackingthemethodsofthecriticSaintBeuve,turnintothestartofthenovelRemembranceofThingsPast"!ArecentlypublishedletterfromProusttotheeditorValletteconfirmsthatFallois,theeditorofthe1954editionofContreSaint-Beuve,madeanessentiallycorrectguessabouttherelationshipoftheessaytothenovel.FalloisproposedthatProusthadtriedtobeginanovelin1908,abandoneditforwhatwastobealongdemonstrationofSaint-Beuve'sblindnesstotherealnatureofgreatwriting,foundtheessaygivingrisetopersonalmemoriesandfictionaldevelopments,andallowedthesetotakeoverinasteadilydevelopingnovel.

DraftpassagesinProust's1909notebooksindicatethatthetransitionfromessaytonovelbeganinContreSaint-Beuve,whenProustintroducedseveralexamplestoshowthepowerfulinfluencethatinvoluntarymemoryexertsoverthecreativeimagination.Ineffect,intryingtodemonstratethattheimaginationismoreprofoundandlesssubmissivetotheintellectthanSaint-Beuveassumed,Proustelicitedvitalmemoriesofhisownand,findingsubtleconnectionsbetweenthem,begantoamassthematerialforRemembrance.ByAugust,ProustwaswritingtoVallette,informinghimofhisintentiontodevelopthematerialasanovel.MauriceBardeche,inMarcelProust,Romancier,hasshowntheimportanceinthedraftsofRemembranceofspontaneousandapparentlyrandomassociationsofProust'ssubconscious.AsincidentsandreflectionsoccurredtoProust,hecontinuallyinsertednewpassagesalteringandexpandinghisnarrative.Buthefounditdifficulttocontrolthedriftofhisinspiration.Theveryrichnessandcomplexityofthemeaningfulrelationshipsthatkeptpresentingandrearrangingthemselvesonalllevels,fromabstractintelligencetoprofounddreamyfeelings,madeitdifficultforProusttosetthemoutcoherently.Thebeginningofcontrolcamewhenhesawhowtoconnectthebeginningandtheendofhisnovel.

IntriguedbyProust'sclaimthathehad"begunandfinished"Remembranceatthesametime,HenriBonnetdiscoveredthatpartsofRemembrance'slastbookwereactuallystartedin1909.Alreadyinthatyear,Prousthaddrafteddescriptionsofhisnovel'scharactersintheiroldagethatwouldappearinthefinalbookofRemembrance,wherethepermanenceofartissetagainsttheravagesoftime.ThelettertoVallette,draftsoftheessayandnovel,andBonnet'sresearchesestablishinbroadoutlinetheprocessbywhichProustgeneratedhisnoveloutoftheruinsofhisessay.Butthoseofuswhohoped,withKolb,thatKolb'snewlypublishedcompleteeditionofProust'scorrespondencefor1909woulddocumenttheprocessingreaterdetailaredisappointed.ForuntilProustwasconfidentthathewasatlastinsightofaviablestructureforRemembrance,hetoldfewcorrespondentsthathewasproducinganythingmoreambitiousthanContreSaint-Beuve.

1.Thepassageisprimarilyconcernedwith（）

2.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatallofthefollowingareliterarydetectiveswhohavetried,bymeansofeitherscholarshiporcriticism,tohelpsolvethe"greatpuzzle"mentionedinLine1EXCEPT（）

3.Accordingtothepassage,indraftsofContreSaint-BeuveProustsetouttoshowthatSaint-Beuvemadewhichofthefollowingmistakesasacritic?

I.Saint-Beuvemadenoefforttostudythedevelopmentofanovelthroughitsdraftsandrevisions.

II.Saint-Beuveassignedtoogreataroleinthecreativeprocesstoawriter'sconsciousintellect.

III.Saint-Beuveconcentratedtoomuchonplotsandnotenoughonimageryandotherelementsofstyle.

4.Whichofthefollowingbeststatestheauthor'sattitudetowardtheinformationthatscholarshavegatheredaboutProust'swritingin1909?

5.TheauthorofthepassageimpliesthatwhichofthefollowingwouldbetheLEASTusefulsourceofinformationaboutProust'stransitionfromworkingonContreSaint-BeuvetohavingaviablestructureforRemembranceofThingsPast?

問題1選項

A.theroleofinvoluntarymemoryinProust'swriting

B.evidenceconcerningthegenesisofProust'snovelRemembranceofThingsPast

C.conflictingscholarlyopinionsaboutthevalueofstudyingthedraftsofRemembranceofThingsPast

D.Proust'scorrespondenceandwhatitrevealsaboutRemembranceofThingsPast

問題2選項

A.Bardeche

B.Bonnet

C.Fallois

D.Vallette

問題3選項

A.IIonly

B.IIIonly

C.IandIIonly

D.I,II,andIII

問題4選項

A.TheauthorisdisappointedthatnonewdocumentshavecometolightsinceFallois'sspeculations.

B.Theauthorisdissatisfiedbecausetherearetoomanygapsandinconsistenciesinthedrafts.

C.TheauthorisconfidentthatFallois's1954guesshasbeenprovedlargelycorrect,butregretsthatstillmoredetaileddocumentationconcerningProust'stransitionfromtheessaytothenovelhasnotemerged.

D.TheauthorissatisfiedthatFallois'sjudgmentwaslargelycorrect,butfeelsthatProust'searlyworkindesigningandwritingthenovelwasprobablyfarmoredeliberatethanFallois'sdescriptionoftheprocesswouldsuggest.

問題5選項

A.Fallois'scommentsinthe1954editionofContreSaint-Beuve.

B.Proust's1909notebooks,includingthedraftsofRemembr