2023版高考英語一輪總復(fù)習(xí)課時質(zhì)量評價4Unit3SportsAndFitness新人教版必修第一冊

歡迎閱讀本文檔，希望本文檔能對您有所幫助！歡迎閱讀本文檔，希望本文檔能對您有所幫助！歡迎閱讀本文檔，希望本文檔能對您有所幫助！歡迎閱讀本文檔，希望本文檔能對您有所幫助！歡迎閱讀本文檔，希望本文檔能對您有所幫助！歡迎閱讀本文檔，希望本文檔能對您有所幫助！課時質(zhì)量評價(四)必修第一冊UNIT3SPORTSANDFITNESS題型組合練——閱讀理解＋七選五Ⅰ.閱讀理解A(2022·山東夏津一中模擬)Exerciseandahealthydietinchildhoodleadstoadultswithbiggerbrainsandlowerlevelsofanxiety,accordingtoanewresearchinmice.Thoughdietandexerciseareconsistentlyrecommendedaswaystopromotehealth,thisstudyisthefirsttoexaminethelong-lasting,combinedeffectsofbothfactorswhentheyareexperiencedearlyinlife.Theresearchersdeterminedthatearly-lifeexercisegenerallyreducedanxiousbehavioursinadults.Italsoledtoanincreaseinadultmuscleandbrainmass.Whenfed“Western”styledietshighinfatandsugar,themicenotonlybecamefatter,butalsogrewintoadultsthatpreferredunhealthyfoods.ThesefindingshaverecentlybeenpublishedinthejournalPhysiologyandBehavior.Toobtainthem,theresearchersdividedtheyoungmiceintofourgroups—thosewithaccesstoexercise,thosewithoutaccess,thosefedastandard,healthydietandthosethatateaWesterndiet.Micestartedontheirdietsimmediatelyafterweaning(斷奶),andcontinuedonthemforthreeweeks,untiltheyreachedphysicalmaturity.Afteranadditionaleightweeksof“washout”，duringwhichallmicewerehousedwithoutmotionandonthehealthydiet,theresearchersdidbehavioralanalysisandvariousmeasurements.Oneofthosetheymeasured,leptin,isproducedbyfatcells.Ithelpscontrolbodyweightprimarilybyloweringthesensationofhungerandalsobyincreasingenergyconsumption.Early-lifeexerciseincreasedadultleptinlevelsaswellasfatmassinadultmice,regardlessofthediettheyate.Previously,theresearchteamfoundthateatingtoomuchfatandsugarasachildcanchangethegutmicrobiota(腸道菌群)forlife,eveniftheylatereatmorehealthily.Goingforward,theteamplanstoinvestigatewhetherfatorsugarismoreresponsibleforthenegativeeffectstheymeasuredinWestern-diet-fedmice.Together,bothstudiesoffercriticalopportunitiesforhealthinterventionsinchildhoodhabits.Thefindingsmayberelevantforunderstandingthepotentialeffectsofactivityreductionsanddietarychangesassociatedwithfatness.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，兒童時期的鍛煉和健康飲食可以使其成年后擁有更大的大腦和更低的焦慮水平。1.Whatisuniqueaboutthenewstudy?A.Itinvolvesadults'eatingbehaviour.B.Itshowskeyelementsforalonglife.C.Itstressesseparateimpactsofexerciseanddiet.D.Ithighlightsjointeffectsofearlyexerciseanddiet.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的內(nèi)容可知，這項新研究的獨(dú)特之處在于它首次強(qiáng)調(diào)了早期運(yùn)動和飲食的共同影響。故選D。2.Howdidtheresearchersgetthestudyresults?A.Bytrialanderror.B.Bypreviousexperience.C.Byexperimentingongroupedmice.D.Bycomparingmicewithhumanbeings.C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Toobtainthem,theresearchersdividedtheyoungmiceintofourgroups—thosewithaccesstoexercise,thosewithoutaccess,thosefedastandard,healthydietandthosethatateaWesterndiet.”可知，研究人員通過對老鼠進(jìn)行分組實驗得到研究結(jié)果。故選C。3.Whatisthemainfunctionofleptin?A.Itformsfatcells.B.Itbringsdownappetite.C.Itstimulateshunger.D.Itlimitsenergyconsumption.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段中的“Ithelpscontrolbodyweightprimarilybyloweringthesensationofhungerandalsobyincreasingenergyconsumption.”可知，leptin(瘦身素)的主要功能是降低食欲。故選B。4.Howdoestheauthorlookathealthinterventionsinearly-lifehabits?A.Favorably. B.Critically.C.Indifferently. D.Doubtfully.A推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的內(nèi)容可知，作者認(rèn)為這兩項研究共同提供了對兒童時期的習(xí)慣進(jìn)行健康干預(yù)的關(guān)鍵機(jī)會，這些發(fā)現(xiàn)可能與理解減少活動和飲食變化與肥胖相關(guān)的潛在影響有關(guān)。因此作者對早期生活習(xí)慣的健康干預(yù)持支持態(tài)度。故選A。B(2021·山東泰安5月模擬)Thelatestsportscrazeisnotevenasport.Accordingtoarecentarticle,e-sportsareattractingalargenumberofaudience.Ine-sports,playersandteamscompeteinpopularvideocomputergamessuchasDota2andOverwatch.Fansfillarenastowatchtheactionliveonhugetelevisionscreens.Thegameshavegonewaypastkidsplayingagainsteachotherwhilesittingonasofaathome.TheInternational,amajorcompetitionforplayersofDota2,awarded$24millioninprizemoney,withthewinnertakinghomealmost$11million.Arecente-sportscompetitionattractedmorethan80，000fanstotheOlympicStadiuminBeijing,China.IhavetoadmitthatIamnotabigfanofcomputergames.Iknowthatsomegamescanbeeducational,butIthinktoomanykidsspendtoomuchtimesittinginfrontofascreenshootingspacealiens.Ithinkitwouldbebetterifkidsspentmoretimereadingorplayingrealsportssuchasbasketball,baseballandsoccer.Andpleasedon'ttellmethatcompetitivegamingisrealsportbecauseitrequireshand-eyecoordination.AccordingtomyAmericanHeritageDictionary,asportis“anactivityinvolvingphysicaleffortandskill”.Idon'tthinkanyoneworksupmuchsweatplayingvideogames.Toooften,regularsportssendkidsakindofmessage.Competitionstartsearly,whenlotsofkidsarenotreadyfortheupsanddownsofgames.Tryoutsandtravelteamscomenext,givingtoomanykidsthemessagetheyare“notgood”atsports.Solotsofkidsquitsportsandstartplayingmorevideogames.Maybeeveryoneinyouthsports,includingcoaches,parentsandkids,shouldthinkmoreabouttheadvantagesofrealsports.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇議論文。文中作者論述了電子競技受歡迎的現(xiàn)象，表達(dá)了對此現(xiàn)象的擔(dān)憂。建議我們看到真正運(yùn)動的好處，呼吁人們更多地關(guān)注傳統(tǒng)體育。5.Whataree-sportsaccordingtothetext?A.Sportseventsontelevisionscreens.B.Easysportsgamesforkids.C.Videocomputergamecompetitions.D.ThelatestsportsintheOlympics.C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的內(nèi)容可知，電子競技是電腦游戲(videocomputergames)比賽。故選C。6.Whatmighttheauthorthinkofe-sports?A.Theyarenotinstructive.B.Theyshouldbebannedinschool.C.Theyneedtoomuchtimeandmoney.D.Theyhavesomenegativeinfluenceonchildren.D推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Iknowthatsomegamescanbeeducational,butIthinktoomanykidsspendtoomuchtimesittinginfrontofascreenshootingspacealiens.Ithinkitwouldbebetterifkidsspentmoretimereadingorplayingrealsportssuchasbasketball,baseballandsoccer.”以及最后一段的內(nèi)容可推知，作者認(rèn)為電子競技對孩子們造成了一些消極影響，更傾向讓孩子們進(jìn)行真正的體育運(yùn)動。故選D。7.Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthetext?A.Tointroduceanewkindofsport.B.TointroduceacompetitionheldinBeijing.C.Toexplaintheimportanceofplayingsports.D.Tocallonpeopletopaymoreattentiontotraditionalsports.D寫作意圖題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Ithinkitwouldbebetterifkidsspentmoretimereadingorplayingrealsportssuchasbasketball,baseballandsoccer.”和最后一段的內(nèi)容可推知，作者的目的是呼吁人們應(yīng)該更多地關(guān)注真正的體育(即傳統(tǒng)體育)。故選D。8.Whereisthistextmostlikelyfrom?A.Aguidebook. B.Amagazine.C.Anovel. D.Abrochure.B文章出處題。通讀全文，尤其是根據(jù)第一段和第四段的內(nèi)容可知，文中作者論述了電子競技受歡迎的現(xiàn)象，表達(dá)了對此現(xiàn)象的擔(dān)憂。建議我們看到真正的運(yùn)動的好處，呼吁人們更多地關(guān)注傳統(tǒng)體育。即本文討論了一種社會現(xiàn)象，由此推知，本文應(yīng)該出自雜志(magazine)里面的文章。故選B。Ⅱ.七選五Weallknowaboutthehealthbenefitsofswimming.Itoffersagreatworkoutforthebody,buildsmusclestrengthandisgoodfortheheart.Ifyoudon'tmindgettingwet,itcanbefuntoo.1Well,manypeopleareenjoyingit,basedonevidencethatitcanactuallybegoodforus.Cold-waterswimming—sometimescalledwildswimming—involvesswimminginnaturalareasincludingponds,riversandthesea.Jumpingincoldwatergivesashortsharpshocktothebody,butmanyparticipantssaytheygetusedtoit.2Aswellasbeinggoodexercise,spendingtimeoutdoorsandbywaterimprovesyourpsychologicalwell-being.3Onemanwhosufferedconstantpainaftersurgeryclaimedhewascuredbyswimmingincoldopenwater.Andanotherswimmerclaimed,“Beingincoldsaltwater,itfeelslikeyou'reatonewithnature.Itjustfeelsamazing.”Butwhatisitthatpeoplearegainingfromthis