oracle五部曲-深入數(shù)據(jù)庫第七章

DATAGURU專業(yè)數(shù)據(jù)分析2013.2.282法律【】和幻燈片為煉數(shù)成金網(wǎng)絡(luò)課程的教學(xué)資料，所有資料只能在課程內(nèi)使用，不得在課程以外范圍散播，違者將可能被

法律和經(jīng)濟(jì)責(zé)任。課程詳情

煉數(shù)成金培訓(xùn)http:

2013.2.28Oracle文件系統(tǒng)的歷史操作系統(tǒng)--數(shù)據(jù)文件設(shè)備ASMOCFS(Oracle

Cluster

File

System）DATAGURU專業(yè)數(shù)據(jù)分析為什么用ASM提供高效率的 管理提供完整的集群文件系統(tǒng)和卷管理能力DATAGURU專業(yè)數(shù)據(jù)分析單實例ASM架構(gòu)ASMInstanceRDBMSInstanceServerDedicatedStorage2013.2.28DATAGURU專業(yè)數(shù)據(jù)分析單實例ASM架構(gòu)一個ASM為多個實例提供服務(wù)2013.2.28DATAGURU專業(yè)數(shù)據(jù)分析ASM進(jìn)程DBW0VKTMPSP0MMANRBALLGWRFixed

AreaGMONCKPTX000Variable

AreaSMONDIAGPMONASM

CacheDIA02013.2.28DATAGURU專業(yè)數(shù)據(jù)分析ASM

RAC架構(gòu)2013.2.28DATAGURU專業(yè)數(shù)據(jù)分析RAC

下ASM 進(jìn)程0LMON

LMD0

LCK0

DIAGDBW0

VKTM

PSP0

MMAN

RBALLGWR

Fixed

Area

GMONCKPT

X000SMON

Variable

Area

DIAGPMON

DIA0MARK

ASM

Cache

KATE2013.2.28DATAGURU專業(yè)數(shù)據(jù)分析ASM實例ASM實例有自己的初始化參數(shù)–

$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/spfile+ASM.oraASM不需要控制文件ASM實例的正常狀態(tài)為started*.asm_diskgroups='DG_LOG','DG_DATA‘*.asm_diskstring=‘/dev/rdsk/c*’*.instance_type='asm‘*.large_pool_size=12M*.remote_login_passwordfile='SHARED'*.user_dump_dest='/oracle/product/admin/+ASM/udump*.background_dump_dest='/oracle/product/admin/+ASM/bdump‘*.core_dump_dest='/oracle/product/admin/+ASM/cdump'2013.2.28DATAGURU專業(yè)數(shù)據(jù)分析ASM實例V.S.數(shù)據(jù)庫實例2013.2.28DATAGURU專業(yè)數(shù)據(jù)分析ASM磁盤組

Disk

Groups2013.2.28DATAGURU專業(yè)數(shù)據(jù)分析ASM磁盤組,磁盤DiskGroup

2DiskGroup

1Disk

1Disk

4Disk

2Disk

6Disk

5Disk

7DiskGroup

3Disk

32013.2.28DATAGURU專業(yè)數(shù)據(jù)分析?

2008

Julian

DykeASM

磁盤組,磁盤DiskGroup

1Disk

1Disk

4DiskGroup

2Disk

2Disk

5Disk

6Disk

7Disk

3DiskGroup

3ASM磁盤組,磁盤和文件DiskGroup

1DiskGroup

2Disk

3DiskGroup

3File

1File3File4File5Disk

1Disk

4File2File5File6Disk

2Disk

5Disk

6Disk

72013.2.28DATAGURU專業(yè)數(shù)據(jù)分析ASM的空間管理2013.2.28DATAGURU專業(yè)數(shù)據(jù)分析從ASM中添加和刪除設(shè)備Creating

a

disk

group:CREATE

DISKGROUP

diskgroup1EXTERNAL

REDUNDANCYDISK

'/dev/oracleasm/disks/VOL1';Dropa

disk

group:DROP

DISKGROUP

diskgroup1INCLUDING

CONTENTS2013.2.28DATAGURU專業(yè)數(shù)據(jù)分析數(shù)據(jù)在磁盤中的分布管理Disk

0Metadata01234567MetadataData2013.2.28DATAGURU專業(yè)數(shù)據(jù)分析數(shù)據(jù)在磁盤中的分布管理Disk

0Disk

1Metadata02468101215MetadataData2013.2.28DATAGURU專業(yè)數(shù)據(jù)分析數(shù)據(jù)在磁盤中的分布管理Disk

0Disk

1Disk

2Disk

3Metadata04812162024282610597111519232731MetadataData2013.2.28DATAGURU專業(yè)數(shù)據(jù)分析ASM管理不同大小的磁盤Disk

0Disk

1Metadata011MetadataData2013.2.28DATAGURU專業(yè)數(shù)據(jù)分析ASM管理不同大小的磁盤Disk

1Disk

2161116Metadata035810131518Disk

0Disk

4271217491419MetadataData2013.2.28DATAGURU專業(yè)數(shù)據(jù)分析ASM管理不同大小的磁盤Disk

1Disk

2391521Metadata026812141820Disk

0Disk

4511161922MetadataData2013.2.28DATAGURU專業(yè)數(shù)據(jù)分析ASM數(shù)據(jù)的再分布Rebalancing2013.2.28DATAGURU專業(yè)數(shù)據(jù)分析的增加和刪除Adding

a

disk:ALTER

DISKGROUP

diskgroup1ADD

DISK

'/dev/oracleasm/disks/VOL2'REBALANCE

POWER

0;Dropa

disk:ALTER

DISKGROUP

diskgroup1DROP

DISK

'DISKGROUP1_0002'REBALANCE

POWER

0;Rebalancing

a

disk

group:ALTER

DISKGROUP

diskgroup1REBALANCE

POWER

1;2013.2.28DATAGURU專業(yè)數(shù)據(jù)分析Rebalancing增加磁盤-1

disks

to

2

disksDisk

0Disk

1012345670123456713571357MetadataData2013.2.28STOPAGURU專業(yè)數(shù)據(jù)分析Rebalancing增加磁盤-1

disks

to

4

disksDisk

0Disk

1Disk

2Disk

30123456701234567040415152626MetadataData2013.2.28STOPAGURU專業(yè)數(shù)據(jù)分析Rebalancing增加磁盤-2

disks

to

3

disksDisk

0Disk

1Disk

20123451417MetadataData2013.2.28DATAGURU專業(yè)數(shù)據(jù)分析Rebalancing增加磁盤-2

disks

to

4

disksDisk

0Disk

1Disk

2Disk

30123456704048128101214MetadataData2013.2.28STOPAGURU專業(yè)數(shù)據(jù)分析Rebalancing增加磁盤-3

disks

to

1

diskDisk

0Disk

1Disk

20303612451245781414725258MetadataData2013.2.28STOPAGURU專業(yè)數(shù)據(jù)分析Rebalancing增加磁盤-2

disks

to

2

disksDisk

0Disk

1Disk

201234567024681012101214MetadataData2013.2.28STOPAGURU專業(yè)數(shù)據(jù)分析Rebalancing總結(jié)ASM

rebalance

操作不會影響數(shù)據(jù)庫的正常使用–

會影響I/O的效率能通過數(shù)據(jù)的重新分布，是系統(tǒng)的I/O得到最大的提升。從Oracle10R2之后，如果關(guān)閉數(shù)據(jù)庫實例，Rebalance操作會更快。2013.2.28DATAGURU專業(yè)數(shù)據(jù)分析ASM數(shù)據(jù)冗余

Redundancy2013.2.28DATAGURU專業(yè)數(shù)據(jù)分析Redundancy系統(tǒng)實現(xiàn)，比如通過RAID技術(shù)；有效磁盤空間是所有ASM支持以下三種冗余方式外部冗余表示Oracle不幫你管理鏡像，功能由外部磁盤設(shè)備空間的大小之和。常規(guī)冗余（默認(rèn)方式）表示Oracle提供2路鏡像來保護(hù)數(shù)據(jù),會損失一部分磁盤空間用于數(shù)據(jù)冗余。高冗余表示Oracle提供3路鏡像來保護(hù)數(shù)據(jù)，會損失磁盤空間用于數(shù)據(jù)冗余。2013.2.28DATAGURU專業(yè)數(shù)據(jù)分析ASM

Failure

Groups

-

External

RedundancyDisk

GroupDisk

1Disk

2Disk

32013.2.28DATAGURU專業(yè)數(shù)據(jù)分析ASM

Failure

Groups

-

Normal

RedundancyFailure

Group

1FailureGroup

2Disk

GroupDisk

1Disk

2Disk

3Disk

4Disk

5Disk

62013.2.28DATAGURU專業(yè)數(shù)據(jù)分析ASM

Failure

Groups

-High

RedundancyFailure

Group

1Disk

GroupDisk

1Disk

2Failure

Group

2Disk

1Disk

2Failure

Group

3Disk

1Disk

22013.2.28DATAGURU專業(yè)數(shù)據(jù)分析Normal

Redundancy1

Disk

Per

Failure

GroupDisk

0Disk

1012301234567891011012301234567891011Failure

Group

1Failure

Group

2PrimaryPr

2013.2.28SecondarySecondaryMetadataDataPrimaryDATAGURU專業(yè)數(shù)據(jù)分析Failure

Group

1Failure

Group

2PrimaryPr2i0m13a.r2y.28Normal

Redundancy2

Disks

per

Failure

GroupDisk

0Disk

1Disk

2Disk

303470347811123470347811122561256910132561256910131417182122SecondarySecondaryMetadataDataDATAGURU專業(yè)數(shù)據(jù)分析2013

2

28High

Redundancy1

Disk

per

Failure

GroupDisk

0Disk

1Disk

2Failure

Group

1Failure

Group

2Failure

Group

3012345012345678901234501234567890123450123456789MetadataDataPrimaryPrimarySecondarySecondaryTertiaryTertiaryDATAGURU專業(yè)數(shù)據(jù)分析ASM的日常管理2013.2.28DATAGURU專業(yè)數(shù)據(jù)分析ASM實例啟動$export

ORACLE_SID=+ASM$

sqlplus

/nologSQL>

connect

/

as

sysdbaConnected

to

an

Idle

instanceSQL>startup

nomountASM

instance

startedTotal

SystemGlobalArea83886080BytesFixed

Size1265912BytesVariable

Size57454344BytesASM

Cache25165824BytesSQL>Select

instance_name,status

from

v$instance;INSTANCE_NAME

STATUE+ASM

STARTED2013.2.28DATAGURU專業(yè)數(shù)據(jù)分析ASM實例狀態(tài)$ps

-ef|grep

oraoracle62811015:23?00:00:00asm_pmon_+ASMoracle62871015:23?00:00:00asm_psp0_+ASMoracle...62891015:23?00:00:00asm_dwr0_+ASM2013.2.28DATAGURU專業(yè)數(shù)據(jù)分析ASM實例關(guān)閉關(guān)閉Oracle數(shù)據(jù)庫實例：1.先關(guān)閉Oracle實例2.再關(guān)閉ASM實例：$

export

ORACLE_SID=ORCL$

sqlplus

/

as

sysdba$sqlplus

/

as

sysdbaSQL>

shutdown

immediate...--再關(guān)閉ASM實例$export

ORACLE_SID=+ASM$

sqlplus

/

as

sysdbaSQL>

shutdown

immediateASM

diskgroups

dismountedASM

instance

shutdownSQL>2013.2.28DATAGURU專業(yè)數(shù)據(jù)分析ASM查看磁盤組狀態(tài)--SQL>

connect

/

as

sysdbaSQL>Select

name,state

from

v$asm_diskgroup;NAME

STATEORADATA

DISMOUNTED--SQL>

connect

/

as

sysdbaSQL>Alter

diskgroup

all

mount;Diskgroup

altered.SQL>select

name,state

from

v$asm_diskgroup;NAME

STATEORADATA

MOUNTEDDATAGURU專業(yè)數(shù)據(jù)分析管理ASM-ASMCMD實用程序A

SMCMD

命令：A

S

M

C

M

D

樣例：$

export

ORACLE_SID=+ASM$

asmcmdASMCMD>

ls

-ltrState

Type

Rebal

Unbal

NameMOUNTED

EXTERN

N

N

DG_DATA/ASMCMD>

cd

DG_DATAASMCMD>

ls

-ltrType

Redund

Striped

Time

Sys

NameYDEVPROF/ASMCMD>

cd

DEVPROFASMCMD>

ls

-ltrType

Redund

Striped

Time

Sys

NameYARCHIVELOG/YCONTROLFILE/YDATAFILE/YDUMPSET/

YONLINELOG/YPARAMETERFILE/YTEMPFILE/ASMCMD>

ls

-ltr

CONGTROLFILEType

Redund

Striped

Time

Sys

NameCONTROLFILE

UNPROT

FINE

MAY

22

15:00:00

Y

Current.1326.591118473ASM視圖ASM實例DB

實例V$ASM_CLIENT用磁盤組管理ASM實例的DB實例的數(shù)據(jù)行DB實例中每個磁盤組的數(shù)據(jù)行V$ASM_DISKGROUPV$ASM_DISKGROUP_STATASM實例所有磁盤的